Linked Data
for Open Cities

Loc DIAS DA SILVA
mglcel@mglcel.fr
http://parisemantique.fr

is your data 5 ?

Amsterdam Barcelona Berlin Paris

- deeply passionate about the web, its history, its future..- software engineer, GNU/Linux addict- responsible for the API team in Viadeo (http://www.viadeo.com)- not a designer (as you will see soon..)- semantic web evangelist, open-source software user- created some weeks ago the webapp http://parisemantique.fr

The semantic web paradigm

Paris Semantique feedbacks

Linked Open Cities

WEB before ~2000the document web

webmasters

readers

HTML

Netscape

unidirectional

to link documents

WEB '2.0'the social web

user-centric

prosumers

crowd sourcing

participation

friends

sharing

media

to link people

API

Web of Datause-case

http://www.dltk-teach.com/rhymes/sleeping-beauty/story.htm

The nicer story i've never read !I want more !

OK !

I want more !

http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1588398/

Highly ranked !

?!?!?!

http://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mentalhealthinfoforall/problems/sleepproblems/sleepingwell.aspx

Recommended to you

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:~(

=

?

ok !

media suitable for little girlssearching for princess stories...

Web of Data

to link knowledge

a unit of information can be atomicized :

as of RDF vocabulary :

an RDF triple

[] [] []

lorem ipsum

lang

type

all is URI

express the semanticsusing ontologies

FRBR

[] [] []

Loc

is a

person

viadeoprofile:002l8n979djxjeg

rdf:type

foaf:Person

viadeoprofile:loic.diasdasilvafacebook:loic.diasdasilva

owl:sameAs

foaf:Person

rdf:type

wikipedia:Semantic_Webfoaf:Personfoaf:Person

foaf:interests

(foaf:interests)

w3cpeople:Berners-Lee

dc:creator

(rdf:type)

viadeoprofile:jean-philippe.clement1

foaf:knows

twitter:opendataParis

owl:sameAs

(foaf:knows)

Loc DIAS DA SILVA

foaf:name

Mglcel

foaf:nickname

RDF expresses graphes, this is not about formatseveral serializations

Loc DIAS DA SILVA

RDF/XML

@prefix foaf: .@prefix viadeoprofile: .

viadeoprofile:002l8n979djxjeg a foaf:Person ; foaf:name Loc Dias Da Silva .

TURTLE

{ "http://www.viadeo.com/r/profile/002l8n979djxjeg" : { "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type": [ { "type" : "uri" , "value" : "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person" } ], "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [ { "type" : "literal" , "value" : "Loc Dias Da Silva" } ] }}

JSON

RDFa : RDF in HTML attributes

Loc Dias Da Silva

xHTML

Loc Dias Da Silva

xHTML + RDFa

SPARQL : query RDF graphes

viadeoprofile:loic.diasdasilvardf:type

foaf:PersonLoc DIAS DA SILVAfoaf:name

@prefix foaf: @prefix wikipedia:

SELECT ?theName WHERE {?person a foaf:Person .?person foaf:interests .?person foaf:name ?theName .}

wikipedia:Semantic_Webfoaf:interests

SPARQL

PREFIX pswcity: SELECT DISTINCT ?name ?add_number ?add_waynameWHERE { ?s pswcity:name ?name. ?s pswcity:address ?address. ?address pswcity:address_number ?add_number. ?address pswcity:in_way ?way. ?way pswcity:fullName ?add_wayname. FILTER ( ?s = ) .}

Linked data principles

Use URIs to identify things.

Use HTTP URIs so that these things can be referred to and looked up ("dereferenced") by people and user agents.

Provide useful information about the thing when its URI is dereferenced, using standard formats such as RDF/XML.

Include links to other, related URIs in the exposed data to improve discovery of other related information on the Web.

Linking Open Data cloud diagram, by Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch. http://lod-cloud.net/

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A big work has to be done in order to semantize current data :

- Different values for identifiation, ex Districts: '20e', 'XXe', '75020', 'PARIS 20', street names, etc..- Many datasets not documented, semantization = meaning, is difficult- Some cells containing differently formatted values, multiple lines on multiple cells- ~80% of ESRI geo data without metadata

Two main issues to resolve :

Objects identificationTypes determination

make your stuff available on the Web (whatever format) under an open license make it available as structured data (e.g., Excel instead of image scan of a table) use non-proprietary formats (e.g., CSV instead of Excel) use open standards from W3C (RDF and SPARQL) to identify things, so that people can point at your stuff link your data to other data to provide context

http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html

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