Changing Paradigms Integrated Thinking

Prof. Lindsay Falvey FTSESeptember 2015

Changing Paradigms Integrated Thinking

• Dev’t Goals interrelated• Sustainability integrated knowledge• Widening our view• What is changing?• Perspectives of changes• an example: CGIAR & ILRI

(world’s largest issue)

Integrated Thinking(Sachs, 2015)

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Integration in Development Consulting?

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Through the NIC Window… in a changing world

But What to We See?

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We see a project, a program, a problemand we apply our experience & learning

Training & experience our window view:

- We ‘know’ automatically from what we see- We see what others do in similar cases- We apply intellectual constructs we know

Is this really integrating all parameters, all knowledge?

Biased View: Automatic thinking(World Dev’t Report, 2015)

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Biased View: Automatic thinking(World Dev’t Report, 2015)

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Biased View: Social thinking(World Dev’t Report, 2015)

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Biased View: Social thinking(World Dev’t Report, 2015)

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Biased View: Mental models(World Dev’t Report, 2015)

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Biased View: Mental models(World Dev’t Report, 2015)

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Integrated & Iterative (World Dev’t Report, 2015)

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Widening Our View

- Objective thinking

- Not Automatic, Social & Mental

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Widening Our View

- Objective thinking

- Not Automatic, Social & Mental

- Integrating what’s changing

What is Changing?(Sachs, 2015)

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What is Changing?(Sachs, 2015)

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What is Changing?(Sachs, 2015)

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What isn’t Changing?

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What is Changing?

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What is Changing?

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Rockström (in Nature) concluded: “… as long as the thresholds are not crossed, humanityhas the freedom to pursue long-term social and economic development.”

What is Changing?

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A World of Change

- Population- Environment- Inequity- Migration- Riots- Epidemics- Technology

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A World of Change

- Population- Environment- Inequity- Migration Understanding- Riots Changes- Epidemics- Technology

Understanding Changes – one view

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Understanding Changes – one view

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Understanding Changes – one view

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Understanding Changes – one view

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Ideologies, Views & Beliefs

- Not perpetual crisis- Not just a new cycle- Maybe a hierarchy of human dev’t

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Ideologies, Views & Beliefs

- Not perpetual crisis- Not just a new cycle- Maybe a hierarchy of human dev’t

Integrating ViewsWorld’s Greatest Challenge

Its About Food!

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Food Trade is Dynamic & Complex

Thousands of ha per person

Less than 2 ha per person −shared with at least 5 animals

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Global status of human-induced soil degradation

Source: www.fao.org

Very high severity

High severity

Moderate severity

Low severity

Stable Land, Ice Caps or non-used wasteland

What are we Relying on?

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Breeding, Irrigation & Fertilizer

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Fossils Fuels Feed the WorldHaber-Bosch process

IFDC & Deli Chen, 2015)

Rural Development

Resource Use Efficiency/Waste Reduction

Sustainable Intensification Resilience (agricultural, societal)

Responsible DietsPrecision FarmingInternalising Environmental Costs

Climate Change Adapted Crop Systems

High-Tech World

Industrial Agricultural SystemResponse to Mass Demand

Urbanisation / Changing Diets

Globalised Trade System

2030T

oda

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Culture of Innovation

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HyperurbanisationRapid Change in Diets

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Regionalised Trade Systems

How: keep track & have impact?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x64RhTRiabQ

World’s Greatest Challenge: Food

Add to this:• Food > environments• Increasing demand & wealth• Food used as a weapon• Food-induced migration • Ungovernable countries

Need to secure the seeds of/for human survival

Svalbard44

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Sustainability

- Security

- Integration

- Objectivity

- Generosity

- Humility

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Security underpins Sustainability

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Gene Bank

- Food crop seeds- Pasture seeds- Ownership- Simple- Low Operating $

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Food Demand

• More for more people• More for urban dwellers• More E-intense for wealthy• Cereals = staples• But meat and dairy rise faster

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By 2050 we’ll need huge amountsof cereals, dairy and meat

1bn tonnes morecereals to 2050

1bn tonnesdairy each year

460m tonnesmeat each year

4 of 5 highest value global commodities are livestock

FAO 2013

What is Int’ Dev’ Relying on?

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Multiple Complex Changes

• Donors• Partnerships• Financing• Globalized issues

INTEGRATED THINKING

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Integrated & Iterative Project Cycle

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Changing Paradigms Integrated Thinking

• Interrelationships: $, disciplines, agencies, views• External environment always changing• Varying perspectives of changes• Examples of adaptation for food• Partnerships becomes a wider concept

Integrating Our Thinking(World Dev’t Report, 2015)

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Integrated & Iterative (World Dev’t Report, 2015)

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Conclusions

We have three responsibilities:

1. Guard against our beliefs & biases

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Conclusions

We have three responsibilities:

1. Guard against our beliefs & biases2. Know what interacts with our fields

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Conclusions

We have three responsibilities:

1. Guard against our beliefs & biases2. Know what interacts with our fields3. Bring knowledge to serve clients

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Conclusions

We have three responsibilities:

1. Guard against our beliefs & biases2. Know what interacts with our fields3. Bring knowledge to serve clients

Thank you