LINCOLN’S SECOND INAUGURALADDRESSAP English Language

Mr. Gallegos

Semester One

Warm-Up

• Please read Pages 157-159 from the Barron’s Study Book and complete the Mini-Workout worksheet by correcting the faulty parallel structure in the ten sentences.

Parallel Structure Answers• 1. but explains that it’s all right to seek help.• 2. An easier and more direct route• 3. plays forward on the basketball team• 4. go out to eat• 5. both angry and disappointed• 6. better than taking a sailboat• 7. knocked down not only the tree• 8. and party with friends• 9. The mouse will either find a quick way into the attic or

gnaw• 10. and amazingly entertaining

Learning Objectives• Content Objective: Students will be able to analyze the

Second Inaugural Address by Abraham Lincoln and evaluate the use of rhetorical strategies used by President Lincoln.

• Language Objective: Students will read the selection and annotate the text for rhetorical strategies, diction, and parallelism.

• Language Objective: Students will practice grading sample essays about the Second Inaugural Address by Abraham Lincoln and justify their grade.

Key Vocabulary • Ethos is an appeal to character by demonstrating that the

speaker is trustworthy and credible. Ethos often stresses shared values between the speaker and the audience.

• Logos is an appeal to logic or reason by offering clear and rational ideas to back up your thesis, or claim.

• Pathos is an appeal to emotion. An argument should never be based solely on pathos. Figurative language, personal anecdotes, and vivid images are commonly used.

• To evaluate is to grade and make a judgment about something.

• To justify is to back-up what you are proposing.

Parallelism • Balance of two or more similar words, phrases, or

clauses.• Think of it in the form of antithesis. It is parallel structure

that juxtaposes contrasting ideas. Think of contrasts.• “When there is need of silence, you speak, and when

there is need of speech, you are dumb; when you are present, you wish you were absent, and when absent, you desire to be present; in peace you are for war, and in war you long for peace; in council you descant on bravery, and in the battle you tremble.”

• Example: Justice of the northern effort with the injustice for slavery.

Annotation• Annotate the text for rhetorical appeals. Don’t forget

to look for ethos, pathos, and logos.• Highlight examples of diction and the effect of the diction

in the sentence, paragraph.• Make sure that you review the writing prompt looking for

key requirements.• Try and annotate next to clues you find about what

Lincoln’s purpose is in the speech.

Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address Writing Rubric• As you will recall from your course syllabus, the AP gives

essays scores ranging from 1-9. A nine is the highest possible score and a 1 is the lowest.

• Papers scoring above a 4 are considered to be in the upper-half of all essays. This needs to be your goal.

• Let’s look at what is required to get a score above a 5 so that we can evaluate the sample essays that have been submitted to AP.

Evaluating Samples• Look at the following sample essays and jot down the

grade you would assign each of these papers according to the AP English Language Rubric for this specific question.

• Write down your reasoning (justification) for the grade you would assign this paper.

• Rank the papers from best paper to the worst paper.

Exit Ticket• What did you learn from the evaluation of student samples

that you can apply to your own writing.• What aspect of your writing do you need to improve upon

to earn a score of 5 or better.• Do you think you are ready to write an analysis paper of

your own? Why?