Lighting Systems: Electrical Sources

Lighting Systems: Electrical SourcesChapter 3Part 2 2006 Fairchild Publications, Inc.

Electric Lighting TechniquesLayered Lighting: General (ambient)TaskAccentDecorative

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General (Ambient) Sufficient lighting to walk through a spaceEstablishes overall impression of space and is determined by:Light levelType of lampsStyle of luminairesAmount of daylight3

Ambient integrated strategiesGeneral lighting often done with structural lighting systems:Cornice: Located on vertical surfaces; directs light downward Cove: Close to ceiling; directs light upwardWall bracket: Located on a wall; directs light upward and downward

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Ambient LuminairesCeiling-mounted lighting systems:Wallslot: Integrated into the ceiling system and distributes light down onto vertical surfaces Recessed luminaires (fixture): downlight (high-hat) mounted above ceiling and directs light downward Surface-mounted fixtures: Track lighting, pendants, and any other luminaire installed on a ceiling 6

Task LightingLight for specific activities and tasksFlexibility and control essential for usersSpecial considerations:Critical tasksTime spent on taskAge of usersPotential problems to address:Strong contrasts in illumination levelsGlare and veiling reflections7

Task LightingResolving problems associated with illumination contrasts:Moderate illumination levels between task and surrounding areaIncrease contrast in colorIncrease size of a taskPlanning task lighting requires an examination of:Activities in the spaceCharacteristics of each taskCharacteristics of the users 9

Accent Lighting Highlights an object or element in a spaceA basis for accent lighting is that people are attracted to the brightest region in a spacePlanning accent lighting:Identify what should be highlightedReview the surrounding areas and establish contrastDetermine angle and intensity (5-1 ratio) 2006 Fairchild Publications, Inc.10

Accent LightingAccent techniques:Grazing: Enhancing textures and forms of an object by placing the light source close to the objectBacklighting:Creates a silhouette of objectsTypes of luminaires:UplightsRecessed spotsSpotlight projectors with optical controlFurniture-integrated systems12

Decorative LightingPrimary purpose is as an ornamental element in a spaceExamples:ChandeliersHologramsLasersNeon lightsFiber opticsCandles13