light vehicle alternative propulsion forecast

2012 ihs.com

IHS Automotive

Global Alternative Propulsion Dictionary

August 2013 ihs.com

IHS Automotive

Global Alternative Propulsion (Sourcing and Spec Modules)DictionaryFor IHS Automotive Alternative Propulsion Database

2014 IHSCreated for [email protected]

Published by IHS Automotive. 2013 IHS. Reproduction in whole or in part prohibited except by permission.

This version replaces all previous versions. All rights reserved. Information has been obtained by the IHS Automotive Group from sources believed to be reliable. However, because of the possibility of human or mechanical error by our sources, IHS Automotives Powertrain Review does not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy, or completeness of any information and is not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from the use of such information.

uContacts: Automotive AnalystsLondon Office 133 Houndsditch,London EC3A 7BX, United Kingdom

Andrew Fulbrook DirectorGlobal Powertrain [email protected]+44 (0) 203 159 3455 Tel

Chris Guile Manager EMEA Powertrain [email protected]+44 (0 )208 544 7820 Tel

Wajih Hossenally Analyst EMEA Powertrain [email protected]+44 (0 )208 544 7854 Tel

Detroit Office 21500 Haggerty RoadSuite 300 Northville, MI 48167, United States

Jeff Jowett Manager Americas Powertrain [email protected]+1 (248) 465 2829 Tel

David Petrovski Principal AnalystNorth American Powertrain [email protected]+1 (248) 465 2828 Tel

Devin Lindsay Senior Analyst North American Powertrain [email protected]+1 (248) 465 2811 Tel

Shanghai Office1003&1004, Wheelock Square, No. 1717 Nanjing West Road, Shanghai 20041, PR China

Fangqing (Peter) Huang Manager Greater China Powertrain [email protected] +86 (21) 2230 2269 Tel

Liang (Tony) Wang Principal AnalystGreater China Powertrain [email protected]+86 (21) 2230 2270 Tel

Wei (Vivian) Wang Senior AnalystGreater China Powertrain [email protected]+86 (21) 2230 2281 Tel

Tokyo OfficeToranomon 40 MT building 7th floor5-13-1 Toranomon Minato-KuTokyo 105-0001, Japan

Atsushi Ishii Senior ManagerJapan/Korea Powertrain [email protected] +81 (0) 3 4530 9809 Tel

Toru Hatano Principal AnalystJapan/Korea Powertrain [email protected] +81 (0) 3 4530 9808 Tel

Frankfurt Office Bleichstrasse 1Frankfurt am Main 60313, Germany

Florian Eichinger Senior AnalystEMEA Powertrain [email protected]+49 89 895269 021 Tel

Sao Paulo OfficeAv. Jose de Souza Campos,243 Sala 11 13025-320 Cambui, Campinas SP, Brazil

Fernao Carneiro Senior ManagerSouth America Powertrain [email protected]+55 19 3295 8740 Tel

Victor Silva Senior AnalystSouth America Powertrain [email protected]+55 19 3295 8740 Tel

India Office 2nd Floor, Tower 1, SJR i-Park, Mobius Plot No. 13,14 Opp. Sathya Sai Hospital, Whitefield, Bangalore, Kamataka, India

Suraj Ghosh Senior AnalystSouth Asia Powertrain [email protected]+91 80 6720 1216 Tel

Bangkok Office Suntown Building-B, 21st Floor, B2101,123 Vibhavadee-Rangsit RoadJatujak, Bangkok 10900Thailand

Kiraphat Chinrungkhakun AnalystSouth Asia Powertrain [email protected]+66 2 632 8981 Tel

IT Support Wayne Goldstein SupervisorData Processing and [email protected] +44 (0) 203 159 3485 Tel

IHS Automotive | Global Alternative Propulsion (Sourcing and Spec Modules) Dictionary

2 August 2013 2013 IHS



2013 IHS August 2013 3

ContentsContact Details 2

Dictionary User Guide 4

Field Availability 5

Detailed Definitions for Alternative Propulsion Forecasts 6

Appendix I: List of Countries & Regions 17

Appendix II: Detailed Hybrid & EV Definitions 18




Dictionary User Guide

Note: It is possible to query our engine and transmission forecasts from dual perspectives, Installation and Production. Please note that when choosing Installation, you are requesting the forecast of engine/transmission fitment volume for the vehicle production region that you have chosen. If you choose Production, you are requesting engine/transmission production volume for the region you have chosen, regardless of vehicle production destination.

Field name as found in the Powertrain database

Defintion of field.

Options available (non-numeric) and their explanations in

this specific field.

Field Name: AspirationDefinition: Indicates the level of aspiration.

Options available:

NA Naturally Aspirated SC SuperchargedSCI Supercharged, IntercooledTC Turbocharged TCI Turbocharged, Intercooled TCI+E-Boost Turbocharger Intercooled and Electric Boosting DeviceTCI+SC Intercooled Turbocharger and SuperchargerVTCI Variable Geometry Turbocharged, Intercooled2-Stage 2-Stage Diesel Turbocharging, Intercooled2-TCI Bi-Turbo, Intercooled2-VTCI Bi-Turbo, Variable Geometry IntercooledNone If Engine Model equals None




Field AvailabilityForecast Field EU GC JK MEA NA SA SEA Page

Light Vehicle Production Forecast

Car/Truck X X X X X X X 6

Country X X X X X X X 6

Design Parent X X X X X X X 6

EOP X X X X X X X 6

Global Production Segment X X X X X X X 6

Manufacturer X X X X X X X 7

Platform X X X X X X X 7

Production Brand X X X X X X X 8

Production Nameplate X X X X X X X 8

Program X X X X X X X 8

Region X X X X X X X 8

SOP X X X X X X X 8

Vehicle X X X X X X X 8

Light Vehicle Engine Forecast

Electrification X X X X X X X 9

Fuel Type X X X X X X X 9

Layout X X X X X X X 10

Model X X X X X X X 10


Propulsion System Design X X X X X X X 11


Light Vehicle Transmission Forecast

Design X X X X X X X 12

Drive Type X X X X X X X 12

Forward Speeds X X X X X X X 12



Sub Design X X X X X X X 13

Light Vehicle Alternative Propulsion Forecast

Battery Capacity (kWh) X X X X X X X 14

Battery Supplier X X X X X X X 14

Battery Type X X X X X X X 14

DC/DC Converter Supplier X X X X X X X 14

Design Parent X X X X X X X 14

Inverter Supplier X X X X X X X 14

Manufacturer X X X X X X X 14

Motor Power HP X X X X X X X 14

Motor Power kW X X X X X X X 14

Motor Supplier X X X X X X X 14

Motor Torque lb.ft X X X X X X X 14

Motor Torque N.m X X X X X X X 14

Plug-In (yes/no) X X X X X X X 15

System Sub-Design X X X X X X X 15

System Sub-Design Architecture X X X X X X X 16

System Voltage X X X X X X X 16

* Bold indicates part of Sourcing Module upgrade.




Detailed DefinitionsLight Vehicle Production Forecast

Car/TruckVehicle sector (passenger car or light truck) based on United States EPA conventions; a single common standard applied globally,irrespective of regional differences in vehicle classification.

CountryThe specific country where the vehicle is assembled.

EOPEnd of production date for the specified vehicle in yyyy-mm format.

Example:

Design ParentPSAPSAPSAPSA

PlatformX2X2X2X2

BrandCitroenFiatPeugeotRam

NameplateJumperDucatoBoxerE-Van

Design ParentThe company/OEM responsible for the original design of the vehicle platform.

Options available:Segment Architecture Examples Parameters

A-Segment Unibody/Spaceframe Maruti-Suzuki Alto,

Ford Ka, Chevrolet

Spark

Wheelbase=less than 2300mm

Wheelbase=less than 2360mm

Wheelbase=2360mm-2450mm; IHS

Automotive Index 1.5 or

less

B-Segment Unibody/Spaceframe Volkswagen Polo,

Ford Fiesta,

Honda Fit

Wheelbase=2360-2450mm; IHS


more

Wheelbase = 2450-2480mm for any IHS Automotive

Index



less

C-Segment Unibody/Spaceframe Volkswagen Golf,

Chevrolet Cruze,

Mazda 3



more

Wheelbase=2501-2650mm for any IHS Automotive

Index



less

Global Production SegmentGlobal segments designed to provide a consistent set of segment definition for each vehicle produced around the world based onarchitecture, wheelbase, and an index of overall length (OAL) divided by wheelbase.




Segment Architecture Examples Parameters

D-Segment Unibody/Spaceframe Hyundai Sonata, Peugeot 407, Honda Accord Wheelbase=2651-2699mm; IHS


more

Wheelbase=2700-2775mm for any IHS Automotive

Index



less

E-Segment Unibody/Spaceframe BMW 7 Series, Lexus LS, Mercedes E-Class Wheelbase=2776-2825mm; IHS

Automotive Index 1.7 or more

Wheelbase=2825mm or more

Mini Full-Frame Suzuki Escudo, Jeep Wrangler Wheelbase=2400mm or less

Compact Full-Frame Mitsubishi Triton,

Toyota Hilux, Chevrolet Blazer

Wheelbase=2401-2900mm

Full-Size Full-Frame Chevrolet Silverado,

Chrysler Ram

Wheelbase=2901mm or more

Global Production Segment cont.

Example:

Sales Brand Sales Nameplate Manufacturer Platform/ProgramMercedes-Benz ML-Class Daimler W163/W162Mercedes-Benz ML-Class Magna-Steyr W163/W163

ManufacturerCompany responsible for production of a vehicle.

Example:

Sales Brand Sales Nameplate SOS EOS Platform ProgramVolkswagen Golf 1995-01 2008-08 PQ33 VW330Volkswagen Golf 1997-01 2014-09 PQ34 VW340Volkswagen Golf 2003-09 2011-02 PQ35 VW350Volkswagen Golf 2007-01 2010-03 PQ35 VW352Volkswagen Golf 2008-07 2020-06 PQ35 VW360Volkswagen Golf 2009-10 2014-12 PQ35 VW362

PlatformGrouping of current-generation programs and their replacements where the replacements are a major redesign; an all-new, ground-upredesign would require a new Platform designation.




Example:

Production Brand Nameplate Platform Program PlantDacia Logan B0 L90 Pitesti-ColibasiRenault Logan B0 L90 AutoFramos

Production BrandBrands name under which a vehicle is built in a specific plant; the Production Brand does not necessarily need to be equivalent to thesales brand; sometimes, re-badging happens after a vehicle has left the plant.

Options available:

Production Nameplate Sales Region Sales NameplateVitz Europe YarisVitz Japan/Korea Vitz

Production NameplateName under which the vehicle is built in a specific plant; the Production Nameplate does not necessarily need to be identical to the sales nameplate.

Example:

Production Brand Production Nameplate Program Hyundai Veloster FSHyundai Veloster FS(2)Hyundai Veloster FS(3)

ProgramCode used by OEMs to identify a vehicle throughout its design life cycle.

Notes: Numbers in parentheses indicates the next generation where the official code has not yet been obtained; Example: FS (3)

Options available:

Region MarketEurope Central Europe, East Europe, West EuropeGreater China China, TaiwanJapan/Korea Japan, South KoreaMiddle East/Africa Africa, Middle East, Rest of WorldNorth America NAFTASouth America Andean, Central America, MercosulSouth Asia ASEAN, Indian Subcontinent, Oceania

RegionThe region where final production occurs.

SOPStart of production date for the specified vehicle in yyyy-mm format. VehicleUnique combination of Design Parent, Brand, Nameplate, Program Code, and GVW Class; for example, General Motors: Chevrolet:Malibu:GMX351 [0-3.5 PC].




Options available:

Engine Propulsion System Design ElectrificationICE NoICE: Stop/Start YesHybrid-Mild YesHybrid-Full YesElectric YesFuel Cell Yes

ElectrificationIndicates if the propulsion system design features any grade of electrification.

Light Vehicle Engine Forecast

Compressed Natural Gas (monovalent)DieselDiesel and CNG Bi-FuelEthanol (monovalent)ElectricityRegular GasolineFlex Fuel (85% Ethanol)Flex Fuel (100% Ethanol)Bi-Fuel (Gasoline and CNG)Tri-Fuel (Gasoline, CNG, E100)Bi-Fuel (Gasoline and LPG)HydrogenLiquid Propane Gas (monovalent)

Options available:

CNGDIESELDIESEL-CNGE100ElectricityGASGAS-E85GAS-E100GAS-CNGGAS-CNG-E100GAS-LPGHydrogen LPG

Fuel TypeIndicates the type of fuel consumed by the primary power source.


10 August 2013 2013 IHS


Options available:

FF-TFR-LFF-LRR-TRR-LMR-TMR-LWFWRW4

LayoutIndicates propulsion unit location and drive orientation.

Front Mounted, Front Drive, TransverseFront Mounted, Rear Drive, LongitudinalFront Mounted, Front Drive, LongitudinalRear Mounted, Rear Drive, TransverseRear Mounted, Rear Drive, LongitudinalMid-Mounted, Rear Drive, TransverseMid-Mounted, Rear Drive, LongitudinalWheel End Motor, Front DriveWheel End Motor, Rear DriveWheel End Motor, Four Wheel Drive

ModelConcatenated field highlighting displacement, total valves, camshaft configuration, block configuration, and number of cylinders, e.g. 2.0L 16v DOHC L4.

PlatformIndicates a grouping of engines to form a common platform. Using official OEM derived groupings when known. Alternatively and where applicable, additional considerations include: bore distance, bank angle, and/or bore/stroke dimensions, and/or estim-ations of significant parts commonality.



2013 IHS August 2013 11

Options available: ICE: Stop/Start Hybrid, Full Hybrid, Mild Electric Fuel Cell

Propulsion System DesignIndicates source of propulsion and level of electrification.

Internal Combustion Engine with Stop/Start capabilityInternal Combustion Engine with Full Hybrid capabilityInternal Combustion Engine with Mild Hybrid capabilityPure Battery Electric Vehicle where Propulsion System Sub-Design equals EV or SeriesFuel Cell Vehicle

System DesignFunction (Power Source)

Engine Idling Stop Engine & Motor Motor

ICE: Stop/Start Applicable Applicable N/A N/AHybrid-Mild Applicable Applicable Applicable N/AHybrid-Full Applicable Applicable Applicable Applicable

Electric N/A N/A N/A Applicable

Region Indicates the region where final assembly occurs.


12 August 2013 2013 IHS


Light Vehicle Transmission Forecast

DesignIdentifies the core design of transmission.

Options available:

AutomaticManualDCTAMTCVTIVTReductionEVT

Regular Stepped Automatic TransmissionManual TransmissionDual Clutch Transmission Single Clutch Automated Manual TransmissionContinuously Variable TransmissionInfinitely Variable TransmissionElectric Vehicle TransmissionElectrically Variable Transmission

Options available:

FWDRWDFWD/AWDRWD/4WD4WDAWD

Drive TypeIdentifies if a given vehicle-engine-transmission combination features a single drive type configuration or an optional combination. This datapoint is aggregated, not split.

Dedicated Front-Wheel-Drive designDedicated Rear-Wheel-Drive designFront Wheel Drive with all wheel drive optionRear Wheel Drive with four wheel drive optionDedicated 4WD design (4 driven wheels based on original RWD architectureDedicated AWD design (4 driven wheels based on original FWD architecture

Forward SpeedsIndicates the number of forward speeds per transmission.

PlatformIndicates a grouping of transmissions to form a common platform. Using official OEM derived groupings when known. Alternatively and where applicable, additional considerations include: bell housing dimensions, gear-set commonality and/or estimations of significant parts of commonality.



2013 IHS August 2013 13

RegionIndicates the region where final assembly occurs.

Options available: ClutchWet ClutchDry ClutchBeltChainPlanetary GearsN/A

Sub-DesignIdentifies further critical design features.

Torque transmission method design if EVTClutch type if design is DCTClutch type if design is DCTTorque transmission method if design is CVTTorque transmission method if design is CVTTorque transmission method if design is EVTNot Applicable if design is AMT, Automatic, Manual, IVT, Reduction


14 August 2013 2013 IHS


Light Vehicle Alternative Propulsion Forecast

Battery CapacityIndicates known or expected maximum energy capacity of the traction battery module (not for stop/start systems), expressed inkilowatt hour (kWh).

Nickel-IronConventional low voltage battery (encompassing Gel, Flooded Cell and AGM)Lithium-IonLithium-Metal PolymerNickel-CadmiumNickel-Metal Hydride

Options available:

IronLead AcidLi-IonLi-M-PolymerNiCdNiMH

Battery TypeIdentifies the traction battery module chemistry.

Battery SupplierThe company supplying the traction battery module (not for stop/start systems).

Design ParentIndicates the group (company name) responsible for the original design of the Alternative Propulsion System.

DC/DC Converter SupplierIndicates the Tier I supplier of the DC-DC converter.

Inverter SupplierIndicates the Tier I supplier of the inverter.

Motor Power Indicates the rating of the most powerful motor expressed in kilowatt (kW) and horsepower (hp).

Motor Supplier Indicates the Tier I supplier of the electric motor.

Motor Torque Indicates the rating of the highest torque motor expressed in Newton Meter (N.m) and foot pounds (lb.ft).

ManufacturerThe company responsible for assembling the alternative propulsion system. Company can be defined as either the vehicle assembler or module system assembler. Modules can be defined as various collections of componentry.



2013 IHS August 2013 15

Plug-In (Yes/No)Indicates if the vehicles non-auxiliary battery can be charged externally through a residential or commercial power outlet.

Options available:

ParallelParallel Plug-In

Parallel-SeriesParallel-Series Plug-InEVSeries

System Design System Subdesign

Fuction (Power Source)

Engine & Motor Motor

Engine= Just

GeneratorPlug-In

ICE None - - - -ICE: Stop/Start N/A - - - -Hybrid-Mild Parallel Applicable N/A N/A N/A

Hybrid-Full

Parallel Applicable Applicable N/A N/AParallel Plug-In Applicable Applicable N/A ApplicableParallel-Series Applicable Applicable Applicable N/AParallel-Series Plug-In Applicable Applicable Applicable Applicable

Electric EV N/A Applicable N/A ApplicableSeries N/A Applicable Applicable Applicable

System Sub-DesignIndicates detailed format of electrification platform.

Motive force is a result of parallel coupling between engine output and external power assistance.Motive force is a result of parallel coupling between engine output and external power assistance, with Plug-In capability.Motive force can be a result of parallel or series power flow.Motive force can be a result of parallel or series power flow, with plug-in capability.Motive force through the provision of electric motor only.Engine is mechanically isolated from the drivetrain. Motive force from electric motor only.


16 August 2013 2013 IHS


Power flow via crankshaftPower flow via ignition/fuel injectionPower flow via drive beltPower flow via flywheelPower flow via an axlePower flow via an axle , with two electric motorsPowerflow via transmission output shaftPowerflow via transmission input shaftPower flow combination via power split devicePower flow via fixed reduction gearsetPower flow via fixed reduction gearset and one drive axlePower flow via direct hub mounted motorPower flow via vehicle based motor (often a single motor only)Power flow via vehicle based motor, using ICE as power generator for on-board battery

Options available:

CrankCombustionBeltFlywheelAxle2-AxleCoaxial - OuputCoaxial - InputPower SplitDirectDirect & AxleHub MotorConventional MotorRange Extender

System Sub-Design ArchitectureIndicates detailed-format of electrification platform. Detailed schematics can be located in section A2.

System Voltage Total voltage applied to the electric motor(s).

System Design System Sub-Design System Sub-Design ArchitectureICE None None

ICE: Stop/Start N/A

Combustion

Crank

Belt

Hybrid-MildParallel

Flywheel

Belt

Coaxial - Input

Hybrid-Full

Parallel

Flywheel

Axle

Coaxial-Output

Coaxial-Input

Flywheel+ (2) Axle

Parallel- Plug-In

Flywheel

Axle

Coaxial-Output

Coaxial-Input

Flywheel+ (2) Axle

Parallel-Series

Power Split

Direct

Direct+Axle

Paralell- Series Plug-In

Power Split

Direct

Direct+Axle

ElectricEV

Conventional Motor

Hub Motor

Series Range Extender



2013 IHS August 2013 17

A1: Countries & Regions

Alternative PropulsionDictionary Region Country AutoInsight Database Region

EU

Austria Hungary Serbia

Europe

Belarus Italy Spain

Belgium Kazakhstan Slovakia

Bosnia-Herzegovina Netherlands Slovenia

Bulgaria Norway Sweden

Czech Republic Poland Turkey

Finland Portugal United Kingdom

France Romania Ukraine

Germany Russia Uzbekistan

GC China Taiwan Greater China

JK Japan South Korea Japan/Korea

MEA Egypt Iran Morocco South Africa Middle East/Africa

NA Canada Mexico United States North America

SA

Argentina Colombia Venezuela

South AmericaBrazil Ecuador

Chile Uruguay

SEA

Australia Malaysia Thailand

Southeast AsiaIndia Pakistan Vietnam

Indonesia Philippines


18 August 2013 2013 IHS


A2: Hybrid Definitions and EV Definitions

Propulsion Design Definition

ICE Not a Hybrid or Electric vehicle.

Fuel Cell or Electric A Fuel Cell or Battery Electric Vehicle (EV) utilises one or more electric motors for propulsion. In another case, the engine drives a generator, and an electric motor uses this generated electricity to drive the wheels such as Toyota Coaster series hybrid.

ICE: Stop/Start Shuts the engine off when it would otherwise idle and restarts it instantly on demand, such as at traffic lights or stop and go driving. Sometimes called an integrated starter-alternator system. This system is not capable of providing any driveline torque.

Hybrid, Mild

Can use electric motor and combustion engine to provide power to the wheels. As a result, the ability of an electric motor to help share the load with the engine is the technology step that, in addition to the start-stop and regenerative braking features, qualifies a vehicle as a mild hybrid. A vehicle meets this classification only if it has a large enough motor and battery pack such that the motor can actually supplement the engine to help accelerate the vehicle while driving. Examples of vehicles containing these features are the Insight and Civic hybrids from Honda.

Hybrid, Full Allows the vehicle to drive using only the electric motor and battery pack such as the Toyota Prius and Ford Escape Hybrid. Typically, at low speeds and at launch, the electric motor and battery powers the car and at high speeds the combustion engine takes over.

C

ICEICE

Crank BeltCombustion

Flywheel

ICE

FlywheelCombustion

M Battery

Belt

M

Battery

M

Battery

ICE (Stop/Start)

Motor turns the flywheel to restart ICE

ICE re-started by combustion

Alternator turns the crankshaft via belt to

re-start ICE



2013 IHS August 2013 19

Hybrid-Mild (Parallel)

Engine

Engine M/G T/M

T/M

M/G Battery

BeltBattery

Flywheel Belt

Motor is located between Engine and

Transmission

Motor supplies the power to the crankshaft

via belt

Motor supplies the power to the input shaft

of transmission.

Engine

Engine M/G T/M

T/M

M/G Battery

BeltBattery

Flywheel BeltCoaxial - Input

Engi

ne

M/G

Battery

T/M

BatteryBattery

Battery

Eng

ine

M/G

T/M

Eng

ine

M/GEng

ine

M/G

T/M

Eng

ine

M/G

T/M

M/G

(Front) (Rear) (Front) (Rear)

Flywheel Axle Flywheel-(2) AxleCoaxial

BatteryBattery

Hybrid-Full (Parallel/Parallel Plug-In)

Motor is located between Engine and

Transmission

Only the engine turns the front shaft. Only the motor

turns the rear shaft

BatteryBattery

Battery

Eng

ine

M/G

T/M

Eng

ine

M/G

Eng

ine

M/G

T/M

Eng

ine

M/G

T/M

M/G

(Front) (Rear) (Front) (Rear)

Flywheel Axle Flywheel-(2) AxleCoaxial

BatteryBattery

Coaxial - Output

Engi

ne

M/G

Battery

T/M

Coaxial - Input

Motor supplies the power to the input shaft

of transmission.

Motor supplies the power to the output shaft of the

transmission

Front section has Flywheel architecture, while rear motor(s) provide drive in parallel. If there are 2 rear motors, architecture is

defined as Flywheel + 2 Axle2014 IHS

Created for [email protected]

20 August 2013 2013 IHS


Hybrid-Full (Parallel-Series/Parallel-Series Plug-In)

Electric-(EV)

M/G

M/G-2

Engine

Power Split Device Battery

Engine

Power Split Direct

M/G Battery

Clutch M/G-1

Engine

M/GBattery

M/G

M/G

Conventional Motor Hub Motor

Battery

There is a Power Split (Distribution) Device to combine the Engine Power and Motor Power.

One motor (generator) works to control the power mixture.

Normally, the car is propelled by a motor, and the engine works as generator.(Propelled by M/G-1, Clutch=Off)

In specific case, the car is propelled by the engine with a fixed reduction gear, or engine + motor.(Clutch=On)

The Motor is located in the vehicle.Usually, there is only one motor.

The Motor is located inside the wheel hub.Therefore, the Hub Motor system has two motors.



2013 IHS August 2013 21

Range Extender Electric- (Series)

Power flow via a vehicle based motor, using the ICE only as a power

generator for the on-board batterymotors.

M/G

Eng

ine

Range Extender

Battery


light vehicle alternative propulsion forecast

Documents

ihs automotive group

teldetroit office

telindia office

mt building

london ec3a

mobius plot

campinas sp

sathya sai hospital