light + quality a guide to designing quality lighting for people and buildings

© JAMES BENYA AND NAOMI MILLER 2011 BETTER BUILDINGS BY DESIGN 2011

Efficient Residential Lighting

Clients Love!!!

James R Benya, PE, FIES, FIALD BENYA LIGHTING DESIGN

West Linn, OR USA

Naomi Johnson Miller, FIES, FIALD PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY

Portland, OR USA


Efficiency Vermont is a Registered Provider with The

American Institute of Architects Continuing Education

Systems (AIA/CES). Credit(s) earned on completion of this

program will be reported to AIA/CES for AIA members.

Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-AIA

members are available upon request.

This program is registered with AIA/CES for continuing

professional education. As such, it does not include content

that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or

endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or

any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or

dealing in any material or product.

Questions related to specific materials, methods, and

services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.


Learning Objectives

By the end of this program, participants will be able to:

Be aware of how much energy is used by residential home

lighting, and where the opportunities for saving are

Discuss LED, fluorescent, and even halogen options that

can reduce your lighting energy use.

Discuss controls that will automatically shut off unneeded

lighting.

Understand where to locate fixtures for best function and

appearance.

Become aware of color metrics and photometry of LED

products that will help you get the color and performance

you want.


Course Evaluations

In order to maintain high-quality learning experiences, please

access the evaluation for this course by logging into CES

Discovery and clicking on the Course Evaluation link on

the left side of the page.


Lighting Design Basics

• Look good!

• Provide the proper amount of light in every

room.

• Be built and constructed within budget, code,

and other constraints.

• Respond to the architecture and/or interior

design and/or landscape design

• Produce good color

• Achieve the desired moods of each space

• Be able to control the lights


High quality residential lighting

• Began in the 1970’s

• Low voltage lighting for drama and accent

• Glare control and better downlighting

• Dimming and preset scene controls

• Integration of layers of light including

traditional sources

• All halogen and incandescent lamps

• Classic – a period in time


Lighting

Design Award

Winners

GE Edison Excellence Award for Residential Lighting,

CARRIBEAN ESTATE, Sean O’Connor Associates

Photos ©Peter Aaron/ESTO

GE Edison Excellence Award for Residential Lighting,

UNEXPECTED DISCOVERY, Witte/Ayotte Light

Photo Deborah Witte


Modern vs. Classic

Classic

• Into and often

through the 90’s

• More is more

• Warmth and comfort

• Superior color

• Ease of control

• Willing to show off

Modern

• From the 90’s

onward

• Less is more

• Warm and comfort

• Very good color

• Ease of control with

better control

• Grace without waste


Classic Incandescent


Classic Halogen


Classic Sources

Color and Dimming

• Warm, full spectrum

• Dimmable

• Warm color shift

when dimmed

• Smooth dimming

Flexibility and Size

• Diffuse lamps

• Linear lamps

• Spots and floods

• Pin spots

• Low voltage

• 120 volt, 220 volt, 12

volt, and other

• Correlation between

watts and lumens


Modern Fluorescent Lamps

T8 and T5 Linear Lamps

• Highest efficiency (80-100 lumens per watt)

• Dimmable with the right ballast

• Best applications: kitchens, bathrooms, garages, utility

• Drawbacks – Long lamps need long fixtures

– Too much light for some spaces

– Technology hard to get, harder to use and understand

Important Notes

• Use 2700K or 3000K lamps in most interior applications.

• 3500K is good for work rooms, closets and garages.

• Two wire dimming ballasts solve many control problems.

• Don’t use where a lot of light is NOT needed.



Pin Based Compact Lamps

• High lumens per watt (40-70) from 5 to 80 watts

• Some are dimmable

• Best applications:, bathrooms, exteriors, ceiling fixtures, lanterns

• Drawbacks – Dedicated CFL fixtures hard to find

or expensive

– Dimming color shift

– Harder to find and to understand than T5 or T8


Modern Fluorescent Lamps Screw-based self ballasted compact fluorescent lamps

• High lumens per watt (40-60)

• Some are dimmable

• Best applications:, bathrooms, exteriors, ceiling fixtures, lanterns

• Drawbacks – What can screw in can screw out

– Warm up time

– Color ranges from good to horrid, especially when dimmed



GU-24

A clever system to integrate evolving efficient

lighting into old school wiring


Classic Control Systems

• Dimmers

– Kitchens, dining rooms, bedrooms, hallways,

foyers

• Car or motion activated “path of light”

• Whole house preset scenes

– Evening

– Landscape

– Go to Bed

– Panic


Modern Controls

• Astronomical/clock timers

– Outdoor lanterns

• Daylight/motion sensors

– Outdoor security lighting

• Motion sensors

– Bathrooms, closets, garages, utility

rooms

• Shading system controls

• Home theater controls

• Energy management controls


Classic/Modern MR16

• A relatively inefficient source

• But the light quality is superior

• Used widely – Accent lighting in living

spaces, especially art

– Downlighting in hallways

– Reading lights in bedrooms

– Spot lighting tables and displays


MR16 – Lighting Designer’s Paintbrush

Fluorescent can’t do this. LED just learned how.


LED cove with

Traditional Lighting


Fluorescent cove with MR16

accent lighting


Layered Design Principles

• Ambient Lighting

• Task Lighting

• Accent Lighting

• Decorative Lighting


Classic tungsten layered design


Classic Tungsten Layered Design

Ceiling uplights

Wall sconces

Art wall washing

Ceiling accents

Portable lamps


Classic Tungsten Layered Design

Ceiling cove

Wall grazing

Built in niche lighting

Ceiling accents

Portable lamp


Not all tungsten layers


Can LED Become Classic?

EFFICIENT LIGHTING CLIENTS

REALLY LOVE!!

Naomi Miller, FIES, FIALD, LC Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

[email protected]

Better Buildings by Design 2011

Burlington VT

LEDs in the Home

• What halogen does best • Narrow beam accent lighting

• Flattering color for skin tones

• Dimmable (and cheap) lighting

• Optical precision (such as framing

projectors)

•What linear fluorescent does best • Kitchen lighting

• Bath area diffuse lighting

• Indirect lighting

• Shop areas/laundry room

• What compact fluorescent does best • Um. It’s cheap. And sort of efficient for

some lighting types.

Advantages of LEDs

LEDs in the Home

• Long life (25K to 50K hours)

• Energy savings

• 70% compared to halogen

• 0-50% compared to CFL and

linear fluorescent

• Color change option

• Small size

• Less light (YES, that can be an

advantage!)

• Whiz-bang nifty cool factor

What LEDs do best

• Replacement lamps in track

lights, recessed downlights (PAR,

MR)

• Dedicated track-mounted accent

lighting

• Dedicated LED recessed

downlights

LEDs in the Home

What LEDs do best

LEDs in the Home

• A-lamp replacements

• Candelabra lamp replacements

What LEDs do best

• Linear strips for coves,

undercabinet, in-cabinet display

lighting strips

• Undercabinet puck lights

LEDs in the Home

Learn the Lingo of LEDs

What LEDs do best

•Picture lighting

• Portable desk lighting

• Step lighting and marker lighting

• Nightlighting (red or amber)

LEDs in the Home

What LEDs do that’s fun

• Color change

• Fireflies

• Holiday lighting

LEDs in the Home

What LEDs do best

LEDs in the Home

• Landscape lighting

• Path lighting/step lighting

• Uplight/downlight

• Security/door lighting

• Handrail lighting

What LEDs do best

LEDs in the Home

• Landscape lighting

• Path lighting

• Uplight/downlight

• Security/door lighting

• Handrail lighting

Disadvantages

LEDs in the Home

• Sometimes poor color

• 5000K products too cool for residential

use

• Even warm-white LEDs can be poor in

red tones

• Costly

• Color consistency

• Limited range of lumen packages and beam

spreads

• High-brightness LEDs can be glaring if not

well shielded

• Possible flicker, especially if dimmed

• Availability down the road

• Snake oil and hype…..

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://willowridge.shs.k12.ny.us/WR_Teacher_Pages/sarnackij/01674679-00758307.7/coral-snake-info0.gif&imgrefurl=http://willowridge.shs.k12.ny.us/WR_Teacher_Pages/sarnackij/Grade 2&usg=__VrkQ3W6Ez_ma7rvx0hFp6XuRmco=&h=300&w=432&sz=57&hl=en&start=14&itbs=1&tbnid=y0DZxjHUPDIeYM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=126&prev=/images?q=snake&hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch:1

Technical issues

LEDs in the Home

• Heat sinking

• Drivers

• Dimmability and Dimming Compatibility

• ELV, MLV, Triac, 0-10V, other

• Minimum load on control

• Dimming often introduces flicker

• Remote-driver products don’t use conventional

wiring techniques

• LM-79 reports

• Enclosed luminaires

• Learn to read LM-79 reports and learn the lingo:

Lumens, not Watts, for light output

CCT and CRI

Lighting Facts and CALiPER

• See it before you buy it or specify it. See two or three.

• Look for color, lumens, Wattage information on spec sheet

• Verify performance with CALiPER on DOE website

• Evaluate the color, light output, appearance, glare, flicker

in person

• Identify areas where lights stay on many hours. These are

where you’ll get the savings. Identify hard-to-reach areas.

These are where the long life is a benefit.

• Look for areas where dimming is not necessary, or do extra

homework to check compatibility with controls.

• If using remote driver products, locate drivers in accessible

and cool places.

How to start using LEDs

• Get wiring diagrams on all remote driver products. Review

with the electrician before installing

• Specify products from companies you know or whom you

trust, or that have a documented support history

• For large jobs, get a written warranty that includes light

output and color variation

• Start slowly. Use a few. Try them out and find the brands

you like and trust. Then use a few more.

• Energy paybacks vary widely on local electric rates and

hours of use and cost of product. Paybacks range from 3 to

20 years.

How to start using LEDs

LEDs: If you do a good job, clients will really love

them!

If you want to know more…

• Main DOE website: www.ssl.energy.gov

• DOE’s Commercially Available LED Product

Evaluation and Reporting program (CALiPER):

www.ssl.energy.gov/caliper.html

• Look for the “Lighting Facts”:

www.lightingfacts.com

• ENERGY STAR®: www.energystar.gov

• IESNA Standards and Guidelines:

www.iesna.org

http://www.ssl.energy.gov/

http://www.ssl.energy.gov/caliper.html

http://www.lightingfacts.com/

http://www.energystar.gov/

http://www.iesna.org/

Efficient residential lighting clients

will really love!

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

light + quality a guide to designing quality lighting for people and buildings

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