Light Pollution Measured by Light Pollution Measured by the DSS-7 the DSS-7

(Deep Space Spectrograph)(Deep Space Spectrograph)

Rose HaberRose Haber

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Chicago, Illinois at night

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NeedNeed• Glare• Light Trespass• Harms wildlife • Wastes government money

-Cinzano, 2009Vancouver

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LightLight PollutionPollution

• Misdirected or misused light

• Inappropriate application of exterior lighting products

• Light causing a glow over urban/suburban areas

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SSppeeccttrroossccooppyy

Spectrograph- takes light from a source and separates it by wavelength

http://loke.as.arizona.edu/~ckulesa/camp/spectroscopy_intro.html

Stellar SpectroscopyStellar Spectroscopy

http://cass.ucsd.edu/public/tutorial/Stars.html

Spectrograph FundamentalsSpectrograph Fundamentals

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The DSS-7The DSS-7http://www.sbig.com/dss7/dss7.htm

Absorption lines for different chemicals

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CCD ImagingCCD Imaging

ST-7XME CCD Camerahttp://www.sbig.com/sbwhtmls/online.htm

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Maxim DLMaxim DL• Photo-Processing image

stacking software

Spectrum of the night sky at Mound Ekar Observatory Natural sky lines/ artificial lightinghttp://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2000MmSAI..71..235R

Literature ReviewLiterature ReviewProposal of a Spectroscopic Map of Astronomical Sites

Rosoni, 1997

Literature Review ContinuedLiterature Review Continued

http://geoinformatics.sut.ac.th/sut/student/GISpresent/2006-1/light.pdf

Modeling of Light Pollution in Suburban Areas Using Remotely Sensed Imagery and GIS Chalkias et. al, 2006

Literature Review ContinuedLiterature Review ContinuedCoupling MOAO with Integral Field Spectroscopy: specifications for the VLT and the E-ELT

Puech et al., 2002

http://arxiv.org/pdf/0808.1196v1

http://arxiv.org/pdf/0808.1196v1

Literature Review ContinuedLiterature Review ContinuedVisual measurements and spectral survey of night sky brightness in Venezuela and Italy

F. Della Prugna, 1999http://aas.aanda.org/index.php?option=article&access=doi&doi=10.1051/aas:1999426

PurposePurpose

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To examine the difference between the pollution of light in Manhasset, NY as opposed to the lack of pollution in Montauk, NY.

HypothesisHypothesis

• Null Hypothesis: no difference between the light pollution in both areas

• Alternate Hypothesis: light pollution will be greater in Manhasset than in Montauk

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MethodologyMethodologyLight Pollution Measured by the DSS-7

Control: sky measured by DSS-7 in Montauk, NY

Variable: sky measured DSS-7 in Manhasset, NY

Procedure

Spectrograph attached to the CCD imager, many images taken to examine types of light pollutants, images processed and stacked using Maxim DL software

Measurement

Measured once a week in Montauk and imaged, measured once a week in Manhasset and imaged over 7 months

Analysis

Graph/map of data collected

Amounts vs. types of light pollution analyzed

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• Study done in accessible places– Manhasset, NY– Montauk, NY/ Upstate, NY

• CCD imager/DSS-7 easily portable

• Software downloaded for free off SBIG website/astronomy coolwiki

Do-AbilityDo-Ability

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BudgetBudgethttp://imgsrc.hubblesite.org/hu/db/images/hs-2002-10-c-web.jpg

Item Name Vendor Item # Quantity Description Price Total PriceDSS-7 SBIG DSS-7 1 Deep space spectrograph (optimized for ST-402ME and f/10 SCT scopes) $1,595 $1,595ST-7XME CCD CameraSBIG ST-7XME Std 1 Dual sensor, USB camera with KAF-0402ME Class 2 CCD, Remote Guide Head Port, Water Cooling Ready$2,195 $2,195

TOTAL $3,790

• Chalkias, C., M. Petrakis, B. Psiloglou, and M. Lianou. "Modelling of light pollution in suburban areas using remotely sensed imagery and GIS." Journal of Environmental Management 76 (2004)): 57-63. Elesiver. Department of Geography, Harokopio University, 19 Sept. 2005. Web. http://geoinformatics.sut.ac.th/sut/student/GISpresent/2006-1/light.pdf

• Cinzano. "Light Pollution Information by Starry Night Lights." Night Sky Friendly Outdoor Lighting. N.p., 2009. Web. http://www.starrynightlights.com/lpIndex.html

• Cole, Gary M. "A Pellicle Autoguider for the DSS-7 Spectrograph." Pellicle Autoguider (2006): 153-56. Pellicle Autoguider. Starphysics Observatory, 2007. Web. http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?2007SASS...26..153C&data_type=PDF_HIGH&whole_paper=YES&type=PRINTER&filetype=.pdf

• Holmes, Alan. "DSS-7 Deep Space Spectrograph." SBIG Santa Barbara Instrument Group. N.p., 20 Mar. 2002. Web. http://www.sbig.com/dss7/dss7.htm

• Kaler, James. "Obtaining Astronomical Spectra- Spectrographs." Australia Telescope Outreach and Education. CSIRO Australia, 23 June 2004. Web. http://outreach.atnf.csiro.au/education/senior/astrophysics/spectrographs.html

• Kulesa, Craig. "What is Spectroscopy?" What is Spectroscopy? N.p., 4 Feb. 1997. Web. http://loke.as.arizona.edu/~ckulesa/camp/spectroscopy_intro.html

• La Pointe, Robert. "Measuring the Hubble Constant Using SBIG's DSS-7." NASA Astrophysics Data System (2008): 137-40. Society for Astronomical Sciences Inc., 2008. Web. http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?2008SASS...27..137L&data_type=PDF_HIGH&whole_paper=YES&type=PRINTER&filetype=.pdf

• Licker, Mark D. “Dictionary of Astronomy” page 101; 2003 • Plavec, Mirek J.; “Stellar Evolution” McGraw-Hill,1997, pp 392-401. • Prugna, F. Della. "Visual measurements and spectral survey of night sky brightness in Venezuela and Italy." The European Southern

Observatory (n.d.): n. pag. Astronomy and Astrophysics. Centro de Investigaciones de Astronom� CIDA, 9 Sept. 1999. Web. http://aas.aanda.org/index.php?option=article&access=doi&doi=10.1051/aas:1999426

• Puech, Michael, H. Flores, Michael Lehnert, B. Neichel, T. Fusco, P. Rosati, J.-G. Cuby, and Gary Rousset. "Coupling MOAO with Integral Field Spectroscopy: specifications for the VLT and the E-ELT." Observatoire de Paris (n.d.): n. pag. LESIA. Laboratoire d 但 strophysique de Marseille, 8 Aug. 2008. Web. http://arxiv.org/pdf/0808.1196v1

• Reviglio, Pietro M., and David J. Helfand. "Active Galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey I: The Spectroscopically Unremarkable Population of the Local Universe." (2008): n. pag. Astronomy Department. Astronomy Department, Columbia University, 2008. Web. http://arxiv.org/pdf/0902.1766v1

• Richmond, Michael. "Spectrographs and Spectra." Spectrographs and Spectra. N.p., n.d. Web. http://spiff.rit.edu/classes/phys301/lectures/spectra/spectra.html

• Rosoni, Stefano. "Proposal of a spectroscopic map of astronomical sites." Memorie della Societa Astronomia Italianap.235 71 (1997): 235-38. Circolo Astronomico Dorico. Paolo Andrenelli, 1997. Web. http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2000MmSAI..71..235R

• Smith, Gene. "Stellar Spectra." Center for Astrophysics & Space Sciences, UCSD. N.p., 16 Apr. 1999. Web. <http://cass.ucsd.edu/public/tutorial/Stars.html>.

Works CitedWorks Citedhttp://imgsrc.hubblesite.org/hu/db/images/hs-2002-10-c-web.jpg