lift station backup options
TRANSCRIPT
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BACKUP POWER FOR EMERGENCY PUMPING
Brian GongolDJ Gongol & Associates, Inc.
March 14, 2017
Nebraska Rural Water ConferenceKearney, Nebraska
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Here comes the rain again
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If you have to pump, you need backup power
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Causes of power outages
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Ice storms
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System overloads
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Routine accidents
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Thunderstorms
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What happens in a thunderstorm?
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I&I (or high combined flows)
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You need power most when it's easiest to lose
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Six power options
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1. Redundant grid access
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2. Fixed electric generators
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3. Portable electric generators
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4. Fixed engines
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5. PTO
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6. Portable pumps
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Storage also matters
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Does storage give you time to act?
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We'll come back to storage later
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Option #1: Redundant grid access
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Ten States permits "independent substations"
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Power systems very expensive to install
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Independent grids, but common threats
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Ice storms
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High winds and hail
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High temperatures
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All tend to hit a broad geography
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Of no help at all in case of mechanical failure
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Requires switching equipment
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Option #2: Fixed generators
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Common practice to mount at station sites
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May be interior or exterior to station
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Requires transfer switching
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Expensive to install
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Not usually integrated with the pump station
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Sizing risk: You don't want it too small
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Sizing risk: You don't want to pay for too much
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Often requires a large footprint
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Roughly doubles this station footprint
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Requires fuel storage or supply
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May require spill containment
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Requires regular exercise and maintenance
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Operates non-stop on power failure
Creates non-stop noise
Consumes fuel
Can create heat and other byproducts
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Option #3: Portable generators/gen sets
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Problem: Travel can be difficult when needed
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Sacrificing manpower at critical times
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Can consume a lot of fuel
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May require lots of shuttling or babysitting
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May be useful for other applications
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Can be very loud
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May be time-consuming to activate
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Requires routine exercise and maintenance
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Requires parts, training, and service
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Requires storage
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Transportation considerations
How big?How heavy?
How towable?What kind of skid/wheel kit/trailer?
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Fuel may go bad
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Not helpful in a lightning strike
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Operates continuously even when pumps don't
Not an "efficient" approachin the strict sense of the word
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Option #4: Fixed engines
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Double-shafted motor with a clutch
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Fixed-engine backup configuration
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Fixed-engine backup configuration
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Fixed-engine backup configuration
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Fixed-engine backup configuration
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Fixed-engine backup configuration
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Fixed-engine backup configuration
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Fully integrated unit - no transfer switch
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Can use natural gas, LP, or other fuels
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Highly compact, fully secure footprint
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All O&M conducted indoors; no outdoor work
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Buildings can reduce noise
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Can be made "neighborhood-friendly"
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Single-engine or multiple-engine configs
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Little or no field wiring required
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Usually employs dual AC/DC controls
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Battery on trickle charger supplies controls
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Engine shuts down when not in use
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Tamper-proof and vandalism-resistant
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Should be factory-designed and tested
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Only option that can be fully factory-tested
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Option #5: PTO
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Useful in select applications
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Handy if tractors are in widespread use
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May work mainly with lineshaft pumps
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Option #6: Portable pumps
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Simple version: Drop hoses in a hole
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Better version: Built-in bypass connections
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Most complex: Self-contained portable station
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Consider noise abatement
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Consider fuel storage
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Consider fuel choice, too (gas vs diesel)
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The pump will need storage, too
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Some require babysitting
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Some supplied with full control packages
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Best if station accommodates quick activation
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Least amount of total equipment required
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Requires operator time and effort to start
REMEMBER:By the time you get the call,
you're probably alreadyin an alarm condition
-- and that's before travel time
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May have multipurpose use
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May be only option for a flooded station
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Portable station, semi-permanent placement
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Consider transportation issues
Carry in back of a truck?
Lift by hand?
Skid-mounted?
Trailer-mounted?
Highway trailer?
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Consider cold-weather operation
Do you want to work on this in the cold?
Will a diesel engine work?
Can you get to every site in a snowstorm?
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Reliability is critical: Plan around "PEAT"
Pump
Engine
Accessories
Transportation
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Storage capacity also matters!
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A common mistake: Under-sizing the wetwell
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Wetwell capacity isn't linear with diameter
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5' of storage in 6' diameter: 1,055 gallons
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5' of storage in 8' diameter: 1,880 gallons
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5' of storage in 10' diameter: 2,937 gallons
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A larger wetwell rarely changes O&M costs
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But what about the wetwell going septic?
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Anti-septic solution #1: Mixers
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Anti-septic solution #2: Cyclical aeration
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Anti-septic solution #3: Pumping cycles
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Anti-septic solution #4: Chemicals/microbes
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Overflow basins/storage
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Be aware of what's stored in gravity sewers
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Hundreds of gallons can be hidden
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May cause extraordinary pumpdown times
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Also note what's stored in the force main
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Not useful for emergency operations
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But important to total system operation
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To recap
Consider all six options:
Redundant grid access
Fixed electric generators
Portable electric generators
Fixed engines
PTO
Portable pumps
Up-front cost doesn't tell the full story -- at all
Each option has its place
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Sources
Radar map of March 6, 2017 severe weather from NOAA
Map of derecho event in 2014 from NOAA:
http://www.spc.noaa.gov/misc/AbtDerechos/casepages/jun302014page.htm#
All other photos and illustrations are the original work of the author, the author's company, or Gorman-Rupp
All rights reserved; reproduction prohibited without written consent
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Thanks for your attention
Contact us anytime with questions
Brian Gongol - DJ Gongol & Associates515-223-4144