Life Science2/11/11

Objectives:1. Take a quiz on cell organelle location and function – NO NOTES.2. Take notes on the Integumentary System.

Bell Work:Explain why the cell can be described as a small city.

Quiz Destinations – Closed Notes.Sabrina and Mishelle to Mrs. Rodgers room.Brittany S. and Brian D. to Mrs. Belous room.Shawn M, Shawn BK, Jarrett H, and Brittany T. to Mr. Kelley’s room.Everyone else is taking the quiz in here.

Integumentary System Notes

Functions of the skin:1. Regulate body temperature at 98.6ºF.2. Sensory input for touch.3. Also for pressure.4. For pain.5. For heat and cold.

The Integumentary System Is Made Up of…

Hair

Nails

Skin

The Two Main Layers of the Skin

Epidermis – The top layer of the skin.

There are four main layers in the epidermis.

Dermis – The bottom layer of the skin.

There are two main layers in the dermis.

The Epidermis• Is the epidermis the top or the bottom layer?• There are four main layers to the Epidermis.

– Stratum corneum– Stratum granulosum– Stratum spinosum– Stratum basal

Stratum corneum• The top layer of the skin. • Made of dead cells. • It has no blood vessels.

Stratum granulosum

• The skin cells in this layer have granules in them.

• Granulosum

Stratum spinosum

• The third layer down, this is the waterproof layer.

Stratum basal• This is the base layer. • It protects your body from the sun. • It makes new skin cells.• Basal layer is the base layer.

Microscope Use

• I will walk you through the use of your microscope.

• Afterwards you will be responsible for finding and focusing parts of the integumentary system.

• Sketch each of them very neatly and turn them in for a grade today.

Steps to Guarantee success with a microscope.

1. Place your slide in the clip.2. Use the etchasketch knobs to place your

specimen directly over the light.3. Red lens down, Tray goes up.4. Look through and lower the tray.5. Voila!

Journal Question

• What was the most interesting thing you saw in the microscope today?

• Is there anything you are still confused about?• (7 lines minimum)

Today We Will

• Take a quiz on cells.• Review epidermis layers.• Do an activity regarding skin layers (and

involving food!)• Go over blood vessels, hair, and nails.

Participation Questions• What is the name of the top four layers of skin?• What is the name of the bottom two?• Which layer has dead skin cells flaking off?• Which layer is constantly making new cells?• Which layer has granules?• Which layer is waterproof?• Does the stratum corneum have blood vessels?

Delicious ActivityYAY!

Life Science2/4/10

Objectives:1. Review the epidermal skin layers and begin the dermis.2. Take notes hair and nails.3. Put the cell and hair follicle onto the final poster project.4. Closed notes quiz on mitosis tomorrow.Bell Work:Write ONE sentence for each of the phases to describe the MOST

important thing that happens.IPMATC

The DermisConsists of:

Collagen – prevents the skin from overstretching and tearing.

Elastin – allows skin to stretch as a person moves.

The Dermis LayersLayers and Function:

Papillary Layer – contains blood vessels.

Reticular Layer – oil glands, fat cells, sweat glands and big blood vessels.

Extra Skin Layers

• Extra skin layers occur on the hands and the feet. May be up to 4mm thick. They are exposed to heavier wear.

Skin LayersS. Corneum

Dermis

Epidermis

S. Granulosum

S. Spinosum

S. Basal

Two Dermal Layers

The Purpose of Blood Vessels1. Expand and contract to control body

temperature.• Surface when hot, interior when cold.

2. Protect against injury.

Journal Question

• How do blood vessels regulate body temperature?

• Why is it important for your blood vessels to be at the skin surface when it is hot outside and be further in when it’s cooler.

Nails are made of:

• Keratin.

The two parts to a nail are

• Lunula – the area of cell growth (the white semi-circle)

• Cuticle – area of skin that covers the nail at the bottom.

Hair

• Protects the body and retains heat.

** We will use the diagram provided to label a hair follicle and hair. **

Objectives 2/14/11

1. Complete a warmup activity for skin layers.2. Complete a reading activity with questions.3. Take notes on the Integumentary system –

especially hair follicles.4. Add skin layers and hair follicle to poster with NO

LABELS. Color IS necessary. (cell, layers, and follicle will be checked at end of class)

No Bell work right now – we’re getting right to work.

Glands

• There are two types of glands:1. Sweat glands – produce sweat – a watery

substance that allows the body to remove salt and waste products. It also regulates temperature.

2. Oil or Sebaceous glands – secretes sebum into hair, keeps hair soft while waterproofing hair and skin.

On your poster today

IN COLOR…• Hair Follicle• Layers of Skin• Cell

NO WORDS OR LABELS!!!

Journal Question

• Your poster project counts for 400 points. There are four systems that must be included; integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous. Your visual final exam (in addition to your written final exam will include labeling the entire poster. It is essential that everything is complete on your poster before that time. Today you should have finished the integumentary portion.

• Your Question: How is your poster coming? Do you have color and are things recognizable? Do you have areas where you can label when finals come around? Is everyone participating and putting in equal effort?

Today We Will 2/15/11Objectives1. Pop Quiz – Open Notes2. Mitosis Notes

Bell Work: Why is it so important that the basal layer keeps making new cells?

Participation Questions

• What is the top part of the hair that is sticking out of the skin called?

• What is the pit of skin that the hair sits in called?• What is the name of the gland that puts oils on the

hair?• What is the muscle attached to the hair follicle for?• What is the striped layer of skin on top of the hair

follicle?

1

• Work with JUST your table partner to answer the “cell regeneration” questions on your notes packet.

• We will go over these in 10 minutes.

2

• Poster notes on cell regeneration.

3

• Hair follicle on the large poster project and journal entry.

Objectives 2/16/11• Review skin layers and basic function. • Finish notes on skin function.Bell Work – copy down this schedule that we will be

working on for the next week.Thurs: Complete skin notesWed: Review day.Thur: Unit 1 Integumentary System TEST

Mitosis Notecards – take out your six blank cards.

Chromosomes get ripped apart

Centrioles and Spindle fibers appear – nucleolus and nucleus disappear.

The cell appears to be doing nothing but this is actually its busiest time.

The chromosomes meet in the middle

Centrioles and Spindle fibers disappear – nucleolus and nucleus appear.

Cell shows cleavage

On the six cards with pictures…

• Write the correct phase name on the back.

On the six cards with definitions

• Write the correct phase name on the back.

The three main functions of skin that we will focus on are:

1.Produce vitamin D

2.Heal wounds

3.Control body temperature

Vitamin D Production• The skin produces vitamin D starting with the sun.• How? UV rays hit skin molecules and convert them

to vitamin D.

Vitamin D Production• Where does it go? From the skin it goes to the

bloodstream, to the kidney and liver, and then it is converted to a hormone called calcitriol.

• What does it do? Calcitriol goes into the blood and regulates calcium and phosphate to keep bones healthy.

calc

itri

ol

Healing Wounds

• The skin has the power to regenerate.

Superficial WoundsSuperficial wounds are healed easily.

The epidermis(… ??which layer??...) Replaces the damaged cells and the wound heals within a few days.

Deep WoundsDeep wounds take longer to heal.

1.Bleeding occurs to wash out wound and get rid of bacteria and debris.

2.Blood vessels constrict so that the blood flow slows down.

3.Clotting cells stop the bleeding.

4.Scab is formed as the blood clot dries out.

Controlling Body TemperatureNormal temperature is 97-100 degrees F.

When skin is cold: Sweat glands are not activated, and blood vessels constrict so that blood remains deep in your body where it can stay warm.

When skin is hot: sweat glands are activated, blood vessels expand so the heat can escape.

3-2-1 Journal

• Describe three new things you learned, two things you want to learn more about, and one thing you are still confused on.

First Visual Project Due

• Use the microscope to remind yourself how to correctly create a wet-slide (of hair, skin, or nails) and how to focus it in the microscope.

• Your mission, (in teams of two or three) is to create a users manual for how to utilize a microscope. Basically a “Microscopes for Dummies” book.

• You will be graded on content, usability, creativity, and use of appropriate images.

Life Science 2/9/10

Objectives:1. Complete notes on the Integumentary System.2. Make up journal entry to complete journal.

Bell Work – Write down the following schedule:• “Next time we meet we’ll review the

Integumentary system. The time after that we’ll take our first major test which covers the Integumentary system.”

Life Science 2/17/11

Objectives:1. Quiz on Mitosis – Open Notes.2. Complete notes on the Integumentary System.3. Create cancer pamphlet.4. Complete 10th journal entry and turn in for a grade.

No Bell Work

Journal

• Do you feel prepared for our first test (integumentary system test) on Thursday?

• Wednesday review – Thursday test.

Common Ailments

1 Acne2 Dermatitis3 Cancer

Dermatitis

• Also called eczema.• What is it? An inflammation of the skin that causes it to

become swollen, red, and itchy.• How do you get it? Dry skin, varicose veins, health

conditions, genetically, or physical and mental stress.• How do you get rid of it? Over the counter medication,

prescribed medications, avoid the substances that cause it.

Acne• What is it? Result of clogged sebaceous

follicles. Commonly occurs on the face, back, neck, chest, and scalp.

• How do you get it? Hormones may stimulate the glands, clogged pores from shedding skin, bacteria building up in glands.

• How do you get rid of it? Medication, avoid using oils and moisturizers, wash hands before touching face, and use mild soap.

Skin Cancer• What is it? An overgrowth of cells.• How do you get it? The most common cause of

cancer is exposure to the sun.• Three types:

– Basal cell carcinoma– Squamous cell carcinoma– Malignant melanoma

• How do you get rid of it? Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation.

• How can you prevent it? Protect skin from the sun, stay away from carcinogens.

Cell Division is called

• Which layer is rapid cell division occurring in?

Basal Cell Carcinoma• Most common cancer.• Signs are pale marks, reddish patches,

growths, shiny bumps, and wounds that don’t heal.

• Additional information: None.• Treatment is surgery, chemotherapy, and

radiation.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma• This is the second most common.• Same symptoms as basal cell carcinoma. • Most likely to spread to surrounding organs

and fair haired/fair skinned people are most at risk.

• Treatment is surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.

Malignant Melanoma• Not as common but the most serious and

dangerous.• Black or brown with irregular borders. They

look like moles that can itch or hurt.• Spreads easily – most curable if removed

while limited to outermost skin layer.• Treatment is surgery, chemotherapy, and

radiation.

Last Assignment for this Unit

• Create a tri-fold pamphlet with a partner that includes information on cancer. Include all three types of cancer, their symptoms, and their treatment.

Grading System for Project

1. Correct information on cancer: 5 points2. Correct information on the three main types we covered

including how common: 5 pts3. Correct information on the signs of the three types: 5 pts.4. Correct additional information where applicable: 5 pts5. Correct treatment options: 5 pts6. Set up so that other people could read it and understand

everything we covered today: 5pts.7. Neat and organized with obvious effort: 5 pts.

= 35 points