LIFE IN ANCIENT EGYPT LESSON 2 PG. 191

AGENDA 2/18• Finish #12 on Map

• Collect Map

• Lesson 1 Recap

• Lesson 2 Read + Notes

• (Graphic Organizer)

• HW: Read pg. 196-198;Finish Blue Questions (2)

• **Quest on Wednesday Next Week- Ancient Egypt

• Vocabulary, Geography, Thinking Focus +Blue Questions+ Graphic Organizer & Notes

#12 MAP FOLLOW UP QUESTIONS

• Why is the Nile the most important physical feature in Egypt?

• The flood waters helped fertilize the soil so Egypt could support a civilization.

LESSON 1 RECAP 2/18

• 1. Describe the Nile Delta.

• 2. What is the most important part of the Nile River? (What does it supply that is MOST important?

• 3. What is papyrus? Why was it important for the Egyptians?

• 4. Egypt was divided into how many lands? Name the two parts of Ancient Egypt. (HINT: Think of your map)

• 5. Describe the floods of the Nile.

AGENDA

• Pass Back Out file Items

• GRAPES posters

• Read + Notes Lesson 2

• Correct Blue Questions

• *Quest- Thursday February 26

THINKING FOCUS

• Papyrus-> helped with writing

• Water provided fertile soil for crops

• Agricultural economy

• Transportation

LESSON 2

KEY VOCABULARY

• Afterlife- a life believed to continue after death

• Embalm- to prevent the decay of a dead body by treating it with preservatives

• Mummy-the body of a human being or animal after it has been embalmed or preserved from decay

• Hieroglyphics- the Egyptian writing system in which pictorial symbols are used to stand for words of sounds

THE OLDEST PYRAMID • Step Pyramid

• 2600s BC- King Zoser

• Architect: Imhotep

• Build pyramid of stone not mud brick

• One flat-topped structure over another & a few ft smaller than the one below

• Chamber for the body was 80 ft underground

• 14 doors, only one opens

• Stairway=> king is climbing toward heaven

THINKING FOCUS

• Describe the religious ideas and the social structure of the ancient Egyptians.

LIFE IN ANCIENT EGYPT (PART 1; RELIGION) LESSON 2/CH. 7 PG. 191- 198

Egyptian Life

Religion

Afterlife Many gods

THE EGYPTIAN RELIGION

• Afterlife was very important to Ancient Egyptians

• Steps for death and burial preparations

• Pyramid building

• Body preparation

• Why is this important?

BODY PREPARATION• Embalming

• Changes the body into a mummy

• Makes sure the body does not decay

• Mummy

• Placed in a tomb

• Objects also buried with for use in the afterlife

• Ex. jewelry, gold, food, drink, animals, even servants

• Tomb paintings show daily life of the person

TOMB PAINTINGS

• found in tombs of wealthy families

• would describe life of the person while they were living

THE BOOK OF THE DEAD • Hymns, prayers, and magic spells

• Soul goes through a trial in front of gods

• Tells what it did and did not do

• Heart is weighed against feather of truth

• Heart= intelligence and memory

• If soul is too heavy with sin= 2nd death

• Soul balanced or less = afterlife

THE EGYPTIAN GODS • Polytheism

• Osiris= Chief god of the underworld, or home of the dead

• Anubis=his helper, he prepares the bodies of the dead for the afterlife

• Body of human and head of jackal

• Ra (Amun-Ra)= Sun god, created & ruled the world

• Each city had a god

• Egyptians built shrines at home dedicated to their favorite god

WRITING SYSTEM • Hieroglyphics-earliest Egyptian writing

• used pictures to stand for sounds, ideas, objects

• Difficult to understand

• In 1799, a stone in the city of Rosetta was found (Rosetta Stone)

• Writing in 3 languages

• Greek

• Egyptian Hieroglyphs

• Egyptian cursive

• Jean Champollion figured out to read it comparing it to Greek

• Ancient Egyptian dictionary

BLUE QUESTION: COMPARING WRITING SYSTEMS

• Mesopotamian Cuneiform & Egyptian Hieroglyphics

• In common

• They are both complex writing systems with hundreds of symbols

• Both difficult to read

• Differences

• Cuneiform is made up of wedge shaped symbols vs. hieroglyphs is made up of pictures

• Cuneiform is more simplified

WRITING CONT’D

• over 700 symbols

• young people were encouraged to learn

• punishments were harsh

• Only few people were experts

Khafre