Life in Africa• Before the 1800s Africa had

hundreds of ethnic & linguistic groups

• By 1870s 80% of African nations below the Sahara Desert were led by kings, tribal leaders, or chiefs

• These groups were getting along and co-existing…up to a point

• In early 1900s contact with Europeans grew as explorers went deeper into Africa to see what was out there

• All this “looking around” led to some countries wanting more…and imperialism begins!

IMPERIALISMin Africa

Definition

• What is imperialism?

• When a stronger nation takes over a weaker nation…and gets??

• WHEN: 1850-1914

What does this cartoon show?

What is it trying to say?

Our Questions…

Why would Europeans want to imperialize Africa?

What was this like for some countries in Africa?

Reading Time!

• Put all extra books, binders, bags in the back of the room

• Set up stations

• 3 minutes per station

Grab highlighters

• As we review what was read, highlight the facts you wrote that are the same as in the powerpoint

• Write in any facts you missed

WHY #1 Political/Military - GLORY

• There was a need for steam-powered merchant ships and bases…so take what you can anywhere

• Must stop rival countries like France and Great Britain from becoming too powerful

• It’s all about the GLORY of taking others and gaining respect!

WHY #2 Religious –GOD

• Missionaries were sent to convert the peoples of Africa to Christianity…GOD

• European rule was the best way to save the animal people of Africa…“they need to be fixed…no more savages”

• Wanted to civilize (westernize) the people of foreign lands

• Positive: these groups help make schools, hospitals, roads, and dams

WHY #3 Economic – GOLD

• Europeans needed African resources and raw materials to make their products

• Copper, tin, gold, diamonds, peanuts, palm oil, cocoa, & rubber were vital for European wealth and profit for all including Africans

• Problem: created less farms for food and more for the goods others needed

• GOLD = taking the resources from the country and making more $ for your country

WHY #4 SOCIAL DARWINISM -A Social Belief

• Evolution & Survival of the Fittest…those who were fittest for survival enjoyed wealth & success, superior to others

• Non-Europeans – lower scale of cultural & physical development

• Westerners had a right & duty to bring progress to other countries because they were the best/fittest

CECIL RHODES• “I contend that we

(Britons) are the first race in the world, and the more of the world we inhabit, the better it is for the human race… It is our duty to seize every opportunity of acquiring more territory… that more territory simply means more of the Anglo-Saxon (white) race, more of the best …”

What is Mr. Rhodes talking about?

Could this be racism?

King Leopold

• Wanted the resources in Congo

• Used the idea of exploring to take from the natives

• Treated the natives as slaves, whipping, punishing, raping anyone not working hard enough

Leopold’s Treatment

Let’s Play a Game!!• Create groups of three or four• Read the directions with me on your game

sheet• Play, play, play…win as much land as you

can!!!• Winners will get extra credit points so keep

track carefully

• HOW does this game connect to real life?

BERLIN CONFERENCE• European competition for African colonies was fierce so

in 1884-85 they met to discuss• Conference of 14 European nation in Berlin, Germany to

lay down rules for the division of Africa• Any European nation could claim land in Africa by

notifying other nations of its claims & showing it could control the area

• No African leader invited to attend, no thoughts about African groups and how they might feel about being controlled/taken over

• By 1914, only Liberia & Ethiopia remained free from European control

Colonization of Africa

(before and after others take over)

Impact of Imperialism

• Looking at the following pictures, we need to create a list of positive and negative effects of imperialism

Impact of Imperialism

• What are the positive and negative effects of imperialism? – With a partner or your group discuss your list

of effects from your handout– Add anything from your partner(s) to your list– Together write an E (Europe), A (Africa), or B

(both) after each effect depending on who is connected to it

Picture Time

Grab an index card and jot down your reactions to each picture (just

make a list).

Now GET UP and walk around!!

Positive/Negatives

• Team lists

• Review together

Who is the winner!?!

• Let’s compare our lists

• EXIT TICKET – on the back of your index card, answer the following questions:– What are four reasons Europeans

imperialized Africa?– What is one positive and one negative effect

of this imperialism in Africa?

HOMEWORK

• Grab a reading called “That Was No Brother”

• Read it and answer the questions in full sentences…can be done on lined paper

STOP

Exit Ticket (index card)

• Give 3 reasons why Europeans imperialized Africa

• Name 2 African nations never imperialized

• List 1 effect of imperialism in Africa (positive or negative)