leviton makes it easy - 10 gig
TRANSCRIPT
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eXtreme 10G
10 Gigabit Ethernet and what it means for your enterprise
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Leviton Manufacturing Background
Founded in 1906 in Brooklyn, NY,celebrating 100 years of success!
Isadore Leviton (pictured) was a partnerwith Thomas Edison.
Levitons first product was gas mantle tipsfor gas lamps when the city of New Yorkinstalled gas lamps.
Industrial, commercial, OEM and
residential markets The average American home contains
more than 100 Leviton devices
In a major American city lit up at night,about 90% of the lights you see areconnected to some kind of Leviton device
Over 3.2 million products produced perday
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The Leviton Family of Products
American Insulated Wire
Lighting ManagementSystems Division
Integrated Networks
& ControlsDivision
Voice & Data Division
Electrical Business
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Voice & Data
Connectivity Solutions for the Commercial and Residential Premise
Copper, Fiber, Wireless, Data Center, FTTx and Power solutions
Friendly and knowledgeable staff that provides you exceptional service from the Factory to the field.
Proud to continue our manufacturing heritage in a state of the art facility in Bothell, WA and Chicago, IL.
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Introductions
Leviton Specification Engineering
Brian Ensign, RCDD/NTS/OSP, CSI
Mfg. Rep. Firm: Triumph Marketing
Mike Lester
Dan McDonald
Danielle Talieri
Leviton 10G Product Support Team
Ross Goldman (VP and GM)
Sarah Moline (Marketing) Keith Kosanovich (Product Manager)
Scott Robinson (Director, Copper Programs)
Jeff Seefreid (Manager, Electrical Engineering)
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10 Gigabit in the enterprise
Why Ethernet?
Where is it going?
Current/future applications.
Key IEEE and TIA standards, addendums and supplemental bulletins for 10 GigabitEthernet.
Key physical layer interfaces and media
Fiber in the backbone cabling
Copper cabling in the horizontal space
Alien Crosstalk
Installation recommendations
Leviton Technology for high performance cabling systems
Summary
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Why Ethernet?
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Why Ethernet?
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Source: Gartner, IDCSource: Gartner, IDC
Adapter Shipment and ForecastAdapter Shipment and Forecast
00
25,00025,000
50,00050,000
75,00075,000
100,000100,000
125,000125,000
150,000150,000
175,000175,000
200,000200,000
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(000)
(000)
Ethernet
Token-Ring
FDDI
ATM
Fibre Channel
Why Ethernet? Continued
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Why Ethernet? Continued
Fibre Channel SANFibre Channel SAN
Fibre ChannelFibre Channel
LAN MAN WANLAN MAN WAN
EthernetEthernet
NASNASiSCSI/iSERiSCSI/iSER
EthernetEthernet
Ethernet is pervasive through most Enterprises and fullyscalable and easy to implement.
EthernetEthernet
Source: Hausauer, B. 2005
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Where is Ethernet going?
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Where is Ethernet going?
Preliminary Worldwide Ethernet Switching Vendor Revenue Estimates for 2004
(Millions of Dollars)
Company 2004Revenue
2004 MarketShare (%)
2003Revenue
2003 MarketShare (%)
Growth (%)
Cisco 9,084 75.7 6,869 71.2 32.2
Nortel 463 3.9 404 4.2 14.3
Hewlett-Packard
432 3.6 310 3.2 39.4
3Com 393 3.3 402 4.2 -2.3
Foundry 312 2.6 303 3.1 2.8
Others 1,320 11 1,357 14 2.7
Total 12,004 100.0 9,645 100.0 24.5
Source: Gartner Dataquest (February 2005)
Layer 3 port shipments increased 42 percent, while vendor revenue totaled $8.3 billion in 2004, a32 percent increase from 2003. Layer 2 vendor revenue reached $3.7 billion in 2004, an increase of10 percent compared to 2003.
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Where is Ethernet going? Continued..
Increased purchases of Layer 3 switches shows
commitment by users to use Internet Protocol (IP).
An IP Network can scale to any size depending onconfiguration.
Voice Over IP can be added to the Network.Video Over IP can be added to the Network.
Security Over IP can be added to the Network.
Building Automation Over IP can be added to theNetwork. (i.e. Lighting, HVAC, etc.)
xOIP is the new future
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Top Supercomputing clusters by Interconnect FamilyInterconnect Family Count Share % Rmax Sum (GF) Rpeak Sum (GF) Processor Sum
Myrinet 87 17.40 % 369286 560601 100546
Quadrics 14 2.80 % 131249 173218 39108
Gigabit Ethernet 256 51.20 % 795582 1511012 249726
Infiniband 36 7.20 % 221074 316047 53068
Crossbar 12 2.40 % 114397 149382 16674Mixed 5 1.00 % 71924 91853 15396
NUMAlink 9 1.80 % 55509 61028 9728
SP Switch 42 8.40 % 281098 406406 66036
Proprietary 26 5.20 % 629527 806058 291296
Fireplane 1 0.20 % 2054 3053 672
Cray Interconnect 9 1.80 % 109965 133803 28988
RapidArray 3 0.60 % 8388 10374 2357
Totals 500 100% 2790054.02 4222834.82 873595
Source: Top500.org, 2005
Where is Ethernet going? Continued
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Current and future applicationsrequiring 10 Gigabit Ethernet?
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Current and future applications requiring 10Gig.
High-performance computing (HPC) clusters
Consolidated LAN and iSCSI traffic
Database links to backup storage and NAS
Scaled-up, consolidated servers
Real-time video streaming on Web servers
Workgroups involved in data-intensive, collaborative activitiessuch as digital imaging and editing, simulation and modeling, and
CAD/CAM
Patient Archiving and Communications System - PACS
Face to face video call centers
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Key IEEE and TIA Standards for 10
Gigabit Ethernet
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IEEE
IEEE International Electrical and Electronic Engineers
A consortium of active networking products manufacturers. Intel, Cisco, Foundry, others
Standards cover networking protocols and methods.
Does not govern structured cabling requirements, but influences TIA standards toensure network performance.
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Key IEEE Standards and media for 10 Gigabit Ethernet
IEEE Ethernet protocol standard 802.3 for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with CollisionDetection (CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications
IEEE standard 802.3ae for 10 Gigabit Ethernet over Optical Fiber (single-mode and multi-
mode).
IEEE standard 802.3aq for 10 Gigabit Ethernet over installed multimode Optical Fiber up to220 meters.
IEEE standard 802.3ak for 10 Gigabit Ethernet over CX4 copper (short haul up to 15 metersusing 8 pair twin-axial Infiniband cabling).
New IEEE standard 802.3an (10GBase-T) for 10 Gigabit Ethernet using Twisted Pair cablingfor 100 meters (328).
TIA
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TIA
TIA Telecommunications Industry Association
A consortium of structured cabling manufacturers anddesigners.
Leviton, Systimax, Ortronics, others
Standards create terms such as CAT3/5/5e/6 and are
limited to the physical structured cabling plant design andimplementation.
Standards are intended to provide future capacity for IEEEto follow up and use.
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Key TIA Standard, Addendums and SupplementalBulletins for 10 Gigabit Ethernet
ANSI/TIA/EIA 588B.1 Commercial building cabling standard.
ANSI/TIA/EIA 568B.2 Addendum 1 Category 6 cabling.
ANSI/TIA/EIA Telecommunications Supplemental Bulletin(TSB) 155 for 10 Gigabit Ethernet over existing Category 6
cabling. Under development and expect ratification end 2006or early 2007.
ANSI/TIA/EIA 568B.2 Addendum 10 Augmented Category 6to support 10 Gigabit Ethernet over a 100 meter Channel.Under development and expect ratification in 2007.
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How It All Ties Together?
ISO
IEEETIA
ElectronicsSC/PhysicalLayer
IEC
International bodygoverning all thingselectrical (Europe
and Asia).
These bodiesgovern
telecommunicationsin the NA market.
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Key physical layer interfaces (PHY)
for 10 Gigabit Ethernet
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Key physical layer interfaces (PHY) and media
10GBASE-SR (short range) designed to support
short distances over deployed multi-mode fiber cabling, it
has a range of between 26m - 550m depending on the
bandwidth of the glass cores. Uses spectral wavelength
at 850nm and typically VCSELs.
10GBASE-CX4 Copper interface using InfiniBand
CX4 cables 8 pair twinaxial for short-reach (15m)applications). This is currently the lowest-cost per port
interface at the expense of transmission range using
copper.
10GBASE-LX4 uses wavelength division multiplexing
to support ranges of between 240 m and 300 m overdeployed multi-mode cabling. Also supports 10 km over
single-mode fiber . Uses wavelength of 1310 nm.
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10GBASE-LR (long range) this standard supports distances ofup to 10 km over single-mode fiber (using 1310 nm).
10GBASE-ER (extended range) this standard supportsdistances up to 40 km over single-mode fiber (using 1550 nm).Recently several manufacturers have introduced 80-km-range ERpluggable interfaces.
10GBASE-LRM [1] this standard will support distances up to 220m 10 Gbit/s on FDDI-grade multi-mode cable. Various combinationsof offset and center launch cables on both ends of the link. Verycomplex.
10GBASE-SW , 10GBASE-LW and 10GBASE-EW These varieties
use the WAN PHY, designed to interoperate with OC-192 / STM-64SDH/SONET equipment using a light-weight SDH/SONET frame.They correspond at the physical layer to 10GBASE-SR, 10GBASE-LR and 10GBASE-ER respectively, and hence use the same types offiber and support the same distances. (There is no WAN PHYstandard corresponding to 10GBASE-LX4.)
Key physical layer interfaces (PHY) cont
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10GBASE-T (up to 100 meters) LAN interconnect for
up to 100 m of balanced twisted-pair structuredcabling systems.
Defined and ratified by IEEE in June 2006. This IEEEratified standard under 802.3an is being addressed by TIA
on how Category 6 cabling can support the technology.
TIA TSB-155
ANSI/TIA/EIA 568B.2 Addendum 10
Key physical layer interfaces (PHY) cont
K h i l l i t f t
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Key physical layer interface cont
Physical layer signaling chart
10GBase-T will use 64b/65b encoding and PAM16 modulation
Source: TIA, 2006
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Fiber in the Backbone
Fib b kb i th N t k
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Fiber backbone in the Network
Construction documents and cabling standards now commonly referencethese standards and call out LO50 fiber.
10Gb Fibre ChannelANSI T11.2
850nm serial, parallel CWDM
10 Gb EthernetIEEE 802.3ae850nm serial
OC 192/OC 768OIF VSR-4/5
850nm serial, parallel/parall
ISO 11801 2nd EditionFiber OM3
TIA 568B.3-1850nm Laser Optimized50micron
IEC 60793-2-10 ed2 TIA 492AAAC
IEC 60793-1-49 TIA/EIA 445/220
CABLINGSTANDAR
D
FIBERSPECS
TEST
MEASUREMENT
INTERNATIONA
L
US
Fib i th b kb t
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Supportable Distances (meters)Ethernet Bandwidth
(bps)SignalSource
Laser Optimized50 Microns2000/500MHz/km
50 Micronstypical500/500
MHz/km
62,5 Micronstypical200/500MHz/km
Single-mode8,3 10Microns
10BASE-FL 10 M 850 nmLED
1250 1250 2000 Notsupported
100BASE-SX 10/100 M 850 nmLED
300 300 300 Notsupported
100BASE-FL 100 M 1300 nmLED
2000 2000 2000 Notsupported
1000BASE-SX 1 G 850 nmVCSEL
900 1000 550 275 Notsupported
1000BASE-LX 1 G 1310 nmFP or
VCSEL
600 550 550 5000
10GBASE-SR 10 G 850 nmVCSEL
300 82 33 Notsupported
10GBASE-LR 10 G 1310 nmDFB
Notsupported
Notsupported
Notsupported
10000
10GBASE-LX4 10 G(4 x 2.5 G)
Four1310 nm
DFBs
300 300 300 10000
Fiber in the backbone cont
Fib i th b kb t
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10G Fiber Challenges
DMD Differential Mode Delay
Multimode fibers transport several modes
Modes arrive at detector at different intervals
DMD is time difference between the first and last pulse
Fiber in the backbone cont
Fib i th b kb ti d
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Fiber in the backbone continued...
High DMD limits 10G transmission under practicable distances
Conventional MM fibers only support 10Gb from 25 to 82 m Some 50 micron fiber can go up to 220 m using the LRM PHY but
cost is very expensive and very time consuming
Fib i th b kb t
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Fiber in the backbone cont
Spectral pulse of 10 Gigabit within fibers core.
Conventional MultimodeFiber
Multimode Laser OptimizedFiber
FiberCore
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CENTRALIZED OPTICAL FIBER CABLING
CC
Distribution distances The horizontal length shall be less
than or equal to 90 m (295 ft). shall meet the same requirements
of recognized horizontal optical
fiber cable per clause 4 ofANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B.3.
Splice or interconnectmethodology
295 ft
Max length
Pull-through 295 ft (90m)
TIA/EIA-568-B.1 General Requirements
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Centralized Fiber Optic Cabling
Use splice or interconnectmethods that can keep lossat under calculated budget.
Cable Run Max length
Horizontal A 295 ft (90m)
Intrabuildingbackbone
B 689 ft (210m)
CC
X
210 M
90 M
(A)
(B)
TIA/EIA-568-B.1 General Requirements
2.6 dB or less for 10 Gigabit
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Copper cabling in the horizontal space
Why 10G over Copper?
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Why 10G over Copper?
Economics
Cost per Port - Copper Switches & Network Interface Cards (NICs) are typically
less expensive when compared to fiber Lower installation costs
Ethernet copper scalability (10/100/1G/10G) 3/10 rule
Ethernet copper backwards compatibility (10/100/1G/10G)
Copper Benefits:
Familiarity
8P8C (RJ45) is universally accepted as data connector
Ease of Use
Copper installations more common than optical fiber
Fiber terminations require extra training / experience / equipment
Fiber-to-the-desk has not gained widespread enterprise deployment due tohigh TCO
22AWG provides higher current carrying capacity for 802.3af and 802.3at
applications
Network Interface Card projection for 10 Gig
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NIC Trends by Performance
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Historical Shipments Projected Shipments
10Mb/s
100Mb/s 1 Gb/s
10Gb/s
Shipments Source: 100 Mbps LAN Adapters: A Market Analysis; APR&C, 2004
Projected shipments based on industry trends, technology introduction and market support.
Network Interface Card projection for 10 Gig.
Category ratings and frequency range
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Category ratings and frequency range
Performance Evolution of Category Rated Cabling and ComponentsPerformance Evolution of Category Rated Cabling and ComponentsCategoryCategory MHzMHz Mb/sMb/s Cable TypeCable Type Date ofDate of
IntroductionIntroduction
Cat 3 16 MHz 10 Mb/s UTP 1993
Cat 4 20 MHz 16 Mb/s UTP 1994
Cat 5 100 MHz 100 Mb/s UTP 1995
Cat 5e 100 MHz 1000 Mb/s UTP 2000
Cat 6 250 MHz 1000 Mb/s UTP 2002
Cat 6a 500 MHz 10,000 Mb/s UTP, ScTP 2006
Cat 7 ? ?????????? SSTP ????
Category 1, 2, 4 and 5 cables are not recognized as partof the current Standard.
Category 7 has not been developed however, industrywill lean towards non-proprietary plug+jack interfacefor a standard.
10 Gi Ch l li k
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10 Gig. Channel link
BeginChannel
Work areaOutlet
(CP) Consolidation Point
EndChannel
Patch Panel
The Channel link values have been defined in Draft 5.0 of Addendum 10
Manufacturers can not determine quality of install based on Channel testresults
10 Gig Permanent Link
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10 Gig. Permanent Link
FieldTester
Field
Tester
BeginPermLink
EndPermLink
Work Area Outlet
Telecommunications
ClosetHorizontal
Cable
Patch
Panel
Consolidation
Point
Testing Length295 ft (90m)
Maximum
Most accurate way to test installed system for performance
No consensus from committee members on testing parameter values
Leviton is prepared to field inspect all 10 Gig. jobs until values are finalized
10 Gig horizontal cabling cont
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10 Gig. horizontal cabling cont
The TIA TR42 / 42.7 Engineering Committees
Developing structured cabling standards for
10GBASE-T 2 major components to committee focus
TSB-155 currently Draft 5.0
Characterizes performance testing of installed base of Cat-6to support 10GBASE-T
Suggest practices for installation changes if testing is not incompliance
10G expected to work on channels of 37 meters and up to 55meters depending on alien crosstalk environment
Lengths over 55 meters will more than likely
require mitigation
TSB 155 Mitigation techniques
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TSB-155 Mitigation techniques
Reduce patch panel port density by eliminating every other port
Replace the work area, patch, and/or equipment cords with category6A cords.
Reconfigure the cross-connect as an interconnect.
Replace the consolidation point connector with a category 6Aconsolidation point connector.
Replace the work area outlet connector with a category 6A workarea outlet connector.
Replace the interconnect with a category 6A interconnect.
Un-bundle all equipment cords and horizontal cabling in the closet
10 Gig horizontal cabling cont
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10 Gig. horizontal cabling cont
568B.2 Addendum 10 currently Draft 5.0
Specifies Transmission Performance Specifications
for 4-pair 100 Ohm Augmented Category 6 cabling Defines Cabling Components
Defines Transmission requirements
Insertion Loss (IL), NEXT, PSNEXT,ELFEXT(ACRF), FEXT, PSACRF, Return Loss
(RL), Propagation Delay/Delay Skew, Balance(TCL), DC Resistance and ANEXT/PSANEXT
Cabling measurement requirements
Field and Laboratory testing for ANEXT/AFEXT
Field testing currently not practical for Alien
crosstalk
Does not cover installation techniques/practices or construction
Means and Methods for an installed Augmented Category 6compliant cabling system to support 10 Gigabit Ethernet.
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Alien Crosstalk
Alien Crosstalk
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Alien Crosstalk
Not this kind!
Wassabi?Wassabi?
Crosstalk Review (NEXT FEXT etc )
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Crosstalk Review (NEXT, FEXT, etc)
In the past, crosstalk was concentrated within single
cable jacket. IEEE and TIA worked together to solve this problem.
Solved with cable/jack design and electronics.
Electronics can equalize signal.
This is PSNEXT
Alien Crosstalk (AXT)
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Alien Crosstalk (AXT)
The Challenges: Alien Crosstalk (AXT)
Need to account for crosstalk from cable to cable. No possible way to equalize 7 signals.
The higher frequencies and HIGH power required for 10Ghave introduced a new problem.
Each component design alone must solve this, no electronic
solution. AXT can occur in the cable, connector, patch panel and
patch cord.
Component ratings will be critical!!!
What about Screened Twisted Pair
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What about Screened Twisted Pair
Great for eliminating Alien Crosstalk. High memory retention of cable from reel. Bend radius must be 8 times cables O.D.
Major problem with todays cable pathways
All sides of building must be bonded to Maingrounding busbar. Very few installers properly trained on installing
shielded systems.
ScTP
Installation recommendations Cat 6/6A
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Installation recommendations Cat.6/6A
Cable must be conditioned above 32 degrees F for 48 hours prior toinstallation.
Do not use excessive force when pulling cable. The maximum pull-force guideline for a 4-pair horizontal UTP should not exceed 110N(25lbf). Meeting this guideline avoids stretching conductors duringinstallation and the associated transmission degradation.
The minimum bend radius should not exceed 4 times the cable
outside diameter (O.D.) The O.D. of Cat 6A 100 ohm, balanced UTPcable is .32 in. (4 x .32 = 1.28 in. bend radius).
Do not stretch, stress, tightly coil, bend or crimp the workstationcables when placing into backboxes or furniture raceway.
In MC, IC or HC, use appropriate horizontal cable management for
patch cords on front of patch panels. Also, use appropriate cablemanagement bar(s) for support of terminated horizontal cable. Do not use cable ties due to the potential for over cinching of cable
bundles which can alter the cable geometry and degrade the systemcabling performance.
Installation recommendations cont
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Installation recommendations cont
Use hook and loop fasteners for bundling of horizontal cables. Ensure that cables are not bundled for at least 20 feet in cross connect and
placed gently in cable trays or cable runways in a loose or non-combed way. Store cable slack in an extended loop configuration to alleviate cable stress.
Cable slack in bundled loops or traditional service loops to provide additionalcable length in closets have been shown to degrade cabling performance andare not recommended
Do not allow telecommunication cables to run parallel with Limited Class 1circuits, unless they are separated by a minimum of 2 inches. 12 or greaterfor higher powered circuits.
Testing of copper conductors for length, delay skew, wire map, InsertionLoss, Return Loss, NEXT, PS-NEXT, ELFEXT (ACRF),PS-ELFEXT, ACR, PS-ACR at all frequencies up to 500 MHz for category 6Acables.
Extreme care must be taken to not nick any of the copper conductors whenremoving jacket. Use rip cord to remove jacket.
Maintain twists as close as possible to the point of termination. Utilize Pair Separation Towers on connector to separate pairs and untwistingof copper pairs should not exceed
Installation recommendations cont
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Installation recommendations cont
For Cat 6A connectors, the Cone of Silence (COS) shall beinstalled to mitigate Alien Crosstalk to insignificant levels.
Manage the cable bundles in a symmetrical orientation. Forexample, in a 48-port patch panel, distribute 24 cables to the verticalcable management on the left side of the rack and 24 cables to thevertical cable management on the right side of the rack.
Provide a 5 foot extended service loop at the workstation cable atthe top of each conduit stub-up (arranged in an elongated loop) inthe accessible ceiling or where it is possible to be concealed
No slack inside the faceplate back-box if using standard squareboxes in construction.
Consider using solid bottom cable runway/trays for high densityapplications where more than 150 cables will be placed together.
Back-box recommendations
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Back-box recommendations
Symmetrical orientation
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Symmetrical orientation
Test result
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Test result
Leviton Technology for high performance Cat.6/6A
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Cone of SilenceTM
Patent-pending Easy to install
Only installs one way
Minimal increase to labor cost
Required for Lifetime Warranty
Must be installed for 10G
Exceeds TIA current draft standards (June 2006)
gy g p
Leviton Technology cont
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gy
Retention Force Technology
Improves connector tine integrityand system performance in threekey areas:
Increased wire retentionstrength of jack and patchpanel.
Reduced tine contactfailures caused by stress,fatigue, or foreign objectinsertion.
Improved gas-tightconnection at theIDC/premise wire interfacebetween contact surfaces toprevent corrosion.
Competitor Connector
Leviton Connector w/ RFT
Leviton Technology cont
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gy
Centralized fiber solutions
Leviton Technology cont
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Exceeds all current TIA & IEEE 10G performance requirements /Independent Verification (ETL)
Patent-pending Cone of Silence technology
Can be used with Category 6A jacks and Category 6 jacks tohelp mitigate port to port Crosstalk.
Patented RFT technology
Backwards compatible with all Cat 5e / 6 component requirements- Efficient migration to 10G.
10G connector termination does not add significant labor/time
Round cable design is easily installed/terminated
Easy identification: 10G molded in connector face.
Compatible with all QuickPort Workstation Solutions.
High Performance 10 Gig. patch cords.
gy
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