LEVELS OF PREVENTION Scenario

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SCENARIO 1

A 40-year-old male came to a medical center with the complaints of weakness and lethargy along with the history of increased thirst and appetite during the day and night. He told the doctor that his sleep is disturbed during the night due, two to three visits to toilet for micturation. He further said to the doctor that his father is 72-year-old suffering from diabetes and hypertension.

Questions:1) What level of prevention is applicable for this specific scenario?

2) What measures are required to protecting from further disability?

3) How could the patient have prevented from the occurrence of this disease?

SCENARIO 1

Answers:

1) Secondary Level Prevention

2) Get blood sugar levels checked (FBS and RBS), diet control, regular exercise for 40 minutes (brisk walk), Weight control

3) Health Promotion

SCENARIO 2  A 35 year old married female comes to the clinic with complain of pain and 2 cm lump in the right breast. She has three children and has breastfed all of them for two years each. Her menstrual cycles are regular. She has a history of breast cancer from the maternal side. 

 

Questions:

a)    What level of prevention can be applied at this stage?

b)   What Primary preventive measures would she have applied?

SCENARIO 2

Answers:

a) Secondary Prevention

b) Regular breast self examination, breast feeding practice, intake low fat diet, exercise, should be literate

 

SCENARIO 3

Introducing “subsidized fitness programmes at sports

centre” to make it more affordable to citizens, thus helping

to make exercise a norm in community and reducing the

development of risk factors for coronary heart diseases.

SCENARIO 3

Answers:

Primordial Prevention

SCENARIO 4 After normal vaginal delivery (NVD), a 30 years old mother was discharge from the maternity hospital and at the same time mother was told by the nurse that her newly born baby boy needed one shot of Injectable vaccine which is routine practice of Pakistan against highly prevalent disease. She argued during counseling but later on convinced and became ready to get boy vaccinated.

Questions:

1) What is the level of prevention applicable here?

2) What is the role of nurse in this scenario?

3)What is the other vaccine which is supposed to be given to at the same time?

SCENARIO 4

Answers:

1) Specific Protection in a Primary Prevention

2) Partial health primitive education

3) Polio drops.

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