*Spencer, Fane, Britt &

R*Browne

JAMES T. BRITT JOSEPH J. KELLY, JR. WILLIAM H. WOODSON ** ROBERT P. LYONS RICHARD H. SPENCER DONALD W. GIFFIN ** LOWELL L.SMITHSON JAMES R.WILLARD GAD SMITH **EDWARD A. SETZLER RICHARD W. SCARRITT JACK L. WHITACRE BASIL W. KELSEY ** JEROME T- WOLF ** MENDEL SMALL JAMES G. BAKER .

JACOB F. MAY, JR.**CARL H.HELMSTETTER E. J. HOLLAND, JR.JAMES W. KAPP, JR.FRANK B.W. McCOLLUM JAMES R. HUDEK STANLEY E.CRAVEN RONALD L. LANGSTAFF SANDRA L.SCHERMERHORN MICHAEL C. KIRK MICHAEL F. DELANEYI. EDWARO MARQUETTE CURTIS E.WOODS RUSSELL W. BAKER, JR. GARDINER B. DAVISJ. NICK BADGEROW **

1400 COMMERCE BANK BUILDING IOOO WALNUT STREET

KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI 64106-2140 TELEPHONE (©16) 474-SIOO

TELEX 43-4345 TELECOPIER (©16) 474-3216

KANSAS OFFICE

SUITE 500,40 CORPORATE WOODS 9401 INDIAN CREEK PARKWAY

P. O. BOX 25407OVERLAND PARK, KANSAS 66225-5407

(913) 345-8100 OR(SI6) 474-8100

CHARLES S.SCHNIDER ** OF COUNSEL

BYRON SPENCER 1893-1964 IRVIN FANE 1904-1982

HARRY L.BROWNE I9II-I9S5

DAVID D. GATCHELL TERRY W. SCHACKMANN ** PAUL D. COWING SCOTT J.GOLDSTEIN MARK P. JOHNSON JAMES T. PRICE GEORGANN H. EGLINSKI *★ BRUCE E.CAVITT ** WILLIAM C. MARTUCCI RICHARD H. HERTEL * ROBERT B. TERRY JOHN L.UTZ SHIRLEY EDMONDS-GOZA MICHAEL F. SAUNDERS MARK A.THORNHILL DAVID L .WING **

JAMES A.SNYDER DAVID A. SOSINSKI L.CAMILLE HEBERT** JOHN M. MAY ** GREGORY C. LAW HON BRIAN H. DUNN DAVID V. KENNER CAROL WOODLEY TRAUL ** KENNETH A.MASON PARTHENIA B. EVANS * JOSEPHINE A.MAYER * TERESA A.WOODY MARY S. SHAFER PAUL A.RUESCHHOFF* KAREN HOSACK **

* ADMITTED IN KANSAS** ADMITTED IN KANSAS AND MISSOURI

ALL OTHERS ADMITTED IN MISSOURI

PLEASE REPLY TO THE MISSOURI OFFICE

FILE NO. 4510001/1

August 6, 1987

HAND DELIVERED

Dan Shiel, Esq.Environmental Protection Agency 726 Minnesota. Avenue Kansas City, Kansas 66101

Re: United States of America v,Conservation Chemical Company, et al.

Dear Dan:

Bruce Buckheit asked me to provide you a set of the exhibits Original Generator Defendants introduced at the July 8 and 9, 1987 hearing before Professor Freilich. I enclose the following:

Dfts. Exh. 1 Draft ReportSeismic Refraction Survey Front Street Remedial Action Kansas City, Missouri

Dfts. Exh. 2 Bedrock Contour Perspective

Dfts. Exh. 3

Dfts. Exh. 4

Drawing by Steve Larson

Wastewater Treatment Flow Diagram

Dfts. Exh. 5 Topographical Map

Dfts.

CHH:nr1 Enclosures

Exh,

a.

6 Measurement of Inward Gradients

30435404

Superfund

December 2, 1986

Mr. David Wagoner, Director Waste Management Division U.S. EPA, Region VII 726 Minnesota Avenue Kansas City KS 66101

Draft Seismic Refraction Survey Report Revision 2 Dated December 1, 1986 Front Street Remedial Design Kansas City, Missouri

Dear Mr. Wagoner:

Please find enclosed four copies of the above-referenced report. Should you have any questions, please feel free to call at your convenience.

PAH/skb950

Enclosure

cc: Mr. J. ChenMr. R. Vasko

Technical Committee:

Mr. S. Fass Mr. H. McCune Mr. T. Morris

Sincerely,

Dr. Paul A. Hustad Technical Director

Mr. J. Romanovsky r CLERK U.S. DISTRICT COURT

Exhibits:P D

Case No. 82-0983-CV—W—5

3630010927

DRAFT REPORTSEISMIC REFRACTION SURVEY

FRONT STREET REMEDIAL DESICN KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI

PREPARED FORTHE FRONT STREET TECHNICAL COMMITTEE

MIDDLETOWN, OHIO

PREPARED BY IT CORPORATION

PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA PROJECT NO. 303243

REVISION 2 EMBER 1, 1986

3630010928

DRAFT REPORT SEISMIC REFRACTION STUDY

KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI

1.0 INTRODUCTION

This report presents the results of the seismic refraction survey performed at

the Front Street site in Kansas City, Missouri. The survey supplements an

extensive site investigation that consisted of 12 borings extended to

bedrock. The borings showed a varying bedrock elevation of greater than 60

feet. Borings ITS-2A and ITS-9A indicated the presence of a large depression

through the proposed slurry wall alignment. Proposed slurry wall boring

locations are identified as ITS-1, ITS-2A, etc. Borings that ware

significantly offset from the proposed location are identified with a letter

suffix such as ITS-1, ITS-2A, etc. Table 1 is a summary of the proposed and

actual locations of the slurry wall borings.

The purpose of the seismic study was to. determine the bedrock elevation along

the proposed slurry wall alignment an/^i^thin the wall boundaries. This

information is critical to the design and construction of a slurry'wall and

will be used to:P

o Delineate tne extent and depth of the depression ^^etected by Borings ITS-2A and ITS-9A (Figure 1)

o isocate other depressions which may exist between<P__ ;___ /borings r

o Map the extent of discrete, thick gravel and boulder

zones

o Evaluate the need for additional borings

o Locate additional borings to acquire the most useful data.

The report is organized as follows:

o Section 2 - Methodologyo Section 3 - Resultso Section 4 - Recommendations.

3630010929

2.0 METHODOLOGY

The study is comprised of three phases; a calibration survey, data

acquisition, and data processing. Each of these phases are discussed in

detaiL in the following subsections.

In general, the seismic refraction technique consists of measuring the time

required for seismic waves to travel from an impulsive source to receivers

(geophones) at varying distances from the source. This method defines ground

layering and the seismic wave velocity of varying subsurface layers.

2.1 CALIBRATION SURVEY

A calibration survey was conducted to determine the ambient viTbration noise,

the depth of penetration of the seismic signal, and the optimal'geophone

spacing. With this information, the geophysical cJidVacteristics of the site

were evaluated such that optimal data acquisitionrparameters were

determined. The calibration survey was conducted on the north side of the

site near Borings ITS-2A, ITS-4A, and/l\s-8A (Figure 1). Specific tests and

results included: [

o Ambient No est - The amplitude and frequency of theambient noipe vas determined by obtaining a record ofipe 1

le r

athe geophonb response at each station over a two-second nterval. The amplitude and frequency of the noise was lculated by direct measurements of the paper

ecord. Various frequency filters were then used to selectively eliminate the ambient noise.

o Walk-Away Test - The range of the signal sources, an estimate of the bedrock refraction arrival times, and the frequency content of the bedrock refracted signals was determined by recording the signals from the sequentially more distant sources. Data with a signal close to the end of the geophone line was recorded then the signal was moved away from the geophones and another record was taken.

o Calibration Profile - A 400-foot calibration profile was recorded and processed in the field to access the accuracy and resolution of the method. The profile line extended through Borings ITS-2A, ITS-4A, and ITS-8A, and the results correlated well enough with the drilled boreholes to justify continuing the survey.

2

3630010930

These tests also indicated that:

o Ambient noise would, at times, be excessive.Unavoidable noise (river, wind, aircraft, railroad, automobile, conveyors and turbines) was filtered by eliminating certain frequencies. The noise was the major difficulty throughout the survey. However, it was not strong enough to mask the induced signal.

o A sledgehammer energy source produced a well-defined signal but lacked sufficient power. A seisgun (eight- gage explosive shell) produced sufficient power but the resulting signal occasionally lacked detailed resolution. Redundant data provided coverage in areas with resolution problems.

o The fundamental frequency of the bedrock-refrac signals was approximately 70 Hertz and coherent could be measured to 440 feet from the sources.

Is

The calibration

determining the

survey proved that seismic refraction was

bedrock profile and contours at tp^'Front

a viable method

Street site.

for

A: uon s

2.2 DATA ACQUISITION

Based on the results of the calibration survey, a field program was developed

which optimized the data acquisition parameters with respect to the

geophysical characteristrcA of the site. The program used throughout the

survey is summarized below:

{2EG&C/Geometrics/1210F 12-channel signal enhancement

Seismograph was used to record incoming signals and filter ambient noise. This instrument has a data stacking capability to eliminate incoherent noise by evaluating data from several shots from a single shotpoint.

o A 60-Hertz filter and 50-Hertz band-pass filter was used to filter out coherent ambient noise.

o Eight Hertz geophones were used to monitor the incoming signal. These were spaced at 20-foot intervals to provide sufficient coverage of the area.

o Energy sources included a sledgehammer/strike plate and a seisgun with eight-gage lead slugs. Two sources were used to obtain a "clear record" under the varying site conditions.

3630010931

3

o Shots (signals) were used every 120 feet along each of the geophone lines.

The program consisted of 13 geophone lines. Four lines were placed near and

parallel to the proposed slurry wall alignment (Figure 1), seven lines

trending north-south were placed along the short dimension of the site, and

two east-west lines were placed along the long dimension. Over 300 geophone

stations were set and 200 shotpoints were used. Approximately 6,100 feet of

recorded data were recovered and with the long-distance shots required, over

11,000 feet of seismic line was surveyed. Each geophone and shotpoint

location was surveyed for coordinates and elevation as part of the data

input. Preliminary data processing was conducted in the field to ensure that

sufficient data were collected to meet the objectives of the sisii|^ey.

A listing of the overall data acquisition procedure is as follows:

Yo Set the geophones and survey (coordiWtes and elevations) each geophone station anjl shotpoint

o Set the energy source at/tVe shotpoint

o Set the signal enhancement filters to determined calibration survey

the setting

Conduct an ambient noise survey to determine the current noise and confirm that all geophones are

erating

etonate the source and record incoming signals

Confirm that the signal's first arrival time is identified on each record.

The data acquisition phase ends by making a paper copy of the record on the

seismograph and marking pertient field data on the record.

2.3 DATA PROCESSING

The seismic refraction data were processed using the generalized reciprocal

method (CRM). This technique is an industry standard and has been heavily

documented (Palmer, 1980 and 1981; Hatherly, 1976). Specifics are not

described herein, but two of these references are included in Appendix A.

4

3630010932

It should be noted that detailed information is not readily available for the

entire survey. Most of the data are computer-managed without generated output

documentation of intermediate records between calculations. Presentation of

all of the intermediate data is not included in this report due to its large

volume and ineffectiveness in verifying the final results. The computer

program used in this study has been verified by comparing its results to the

industry standard described in Hatherly (1978). Figures 2 through 4 provide

an example of the intermediate steps involved in the process. The primary

steps between data acquisition and bedrock elevation calculations are

described below:

First arrival times for each signal at each geophone are measured directly from the field data. Figure 2 is a typical field recording of a geophone response .^*Each trace is an individual geophone recording ambient noise and the signal. I

Figure 3 is an example of a time-di geophone string for one shot.

isLaffc

rce plot of a

A refractor (velocity layer) is assigned to each arrival time. This assig/inyent is based on the slope of

the time-distance plots iRtf'may be affected by extreme bedrock slopes such as between Borings ITS-2A andITS-4A. a:dor velocitKTrue refractjor velocities are calculated from a series of computer programs (GRM) which analyze data trends.

Qe true refractor velocities are then used in conjunc- on with the arrival times to produce a migrated depth

section as illustrated in Figure A.

o Information on bedrock elevation, slope, lithology, and other subsurface features is used to produce an inter­preted depth profile (Figures 5 through 8).

o All available depth information (seismic and boring logs), is used to produce the bedrock contour map and three-dimensional diagrams in Figures 9 and 10.

Recurring velocity variations within the same refractor required a geophone-

by-geophone processing technique that analyzes the velocity at each

geophone. Each geophone station was scrutinized for data reliability and

velocity variations. A three-layer model of the site was developed. The

velocities and likely lithologic materials are:

5

3630010933

0 Layer 1 - The velocity is 1,700 to 2,500 feet per second (fps) outside the site and 3,000 to 3,500 fps within the site boundaries. This layer is classified as unsaturated surficial soils.

o Layer 2 - The velocity is 4,500 to 6,000 fps. This layer is classified as water-saturated soil.

o Layer 3 - The velocity is 6,600 to 10,000 fps. This is the competent bedrock surface. Measured velocities are lower than anticipated indicating bedrock weathering.

3.0 RESULTS

Bedrock profiles along the proposed slurry wall alignment are shown in

Figures 5 through 8. A bedrock contour map and three-dimensional mesh

diagrams for the site are included as Figures 9 and 10, respectively.

Three velocity layers were identified:

o Layer 1 is a sequence of unsat unconsolidated sands, silfc^, and clays

urated1 surface soil s andinds, silfc^, and

;olidatansands,o Layer 2 is unconsolidate^sands, gravels, and cobbles,

o Layer 3 is $ acoustic bedrock surface.

The highly variable velocities across the site indicate that very few

sequences in Lbyers 1 and 2 are continuous or discrete, and that differential

weathering p^bably exists in the bedrock; thus, the mapped bedrock surface

may be the weathered zone at some locations and competent rock at others.

The GRM algorithm does not calculate depth to bedrock directly beneath a geo­

phone; rather, it calculates depth to the nearest bedrock surface. Therefore,

in areas of large bedrock topographic change, the bedrock depth indicated may

be the depth to nearby bedrock of slightly greater elevation (sideswipe).

The location map of the seismic lines is provided in Figure 1 and descriptions

of the refraction profiles are detailed below:

o North Line - The north line (Figure 5) was located adjacent to the north segment of the proposed slurry wall alignment. The area near Borings ITS-2A and

6

3630010934

ITS-9A was of primary concern due to a deepening of the bedrock. A depression in the bedrock is indicated that is approximately 500 feet wide. In addition, some relatively minor bedrock undulation is shown. All boring depths correlate closely with the refraction data as indicated in Table 2. The greatest error is at Boring ITS-11A which is attributed to the sideswipe of shallower bedrock positioned laterally from the seismic line. Finally, the apparent jump in the bedrock surface along the edges of the channel is the typical response of the GRM to steeply dipping slopes. The deepest portion of the channel is at Elevation 570 feet and is located near Boring ITS-2A. Correlation with the existing borings and confidence in the profile is good.

East Line - The east line (Figure 6) was positioned adjacent to the east segment of the proposed slurry^ wall alignment. The bedrock profile was found to^pe flat with some minor undulation in the bedrock surface. Correlation with the existing borings and confidence in the profile is good.

^ rp

South Line - The south line (Figure Y was located

adjacent to the southern segment of Ihe proposed slurry wall alignment. The bedr/wrk was found to be flat across most of the line./ \ significant undulation in bedrock was identified orr the eastern portion of the line. The nature of this variation could not be identified rfua' to the complicated velocity variations in this are 4V\ Due to these velocity ambiguities along this section, the anomaly is considered to be suspect. Borehole permeability contrasts were also

perienced in this area which may indicate differen- ial bedrock weathering. The confidence along the

remainder of the profile is considered to be good due to the close correlation with existing borings.

o West Line - Due to access difficulties and signal degradation effects caused by the levee, the west seismic line was located parallel to and approximately 100. feet west of the western segment of the proposed slurry wall alignment. The bedrock was found to be relatively flat with a ten-foot depression in the northern section. Due to the large offset between the west line and the nearest boring information, the confidence of this line cannot be accurately accessed but the accuracy is expected to be good because of the high-quality of refraction data acquired. Figure 8 is an illustration of the bedrock profile between Borings ITS-10C, ITS-11A, and ITS-12A.

7

3630010935

A contour map (Figure 9) and three-dimensional mesh diagrams (Figure 10) of

the bedrock surface were constructed using 270 depth-to-bedrock data points

derived from the refraction data and boring logs. These maps were produced

with the SURFACE II computer contouring package. This contouring routine

extrapolates in the absence of data, thus the form to the outside of each

boring in Figure 10 is based on conjecture. The three dimensional mesh

diagrams were developed to provide a conceptual view of the bedrock surface

and should not be used for critical design development.

The bedrock contains a large depression which crosses the slurry wall

alignment on the north side. This depression has a bottom elevation of

approximately 570 feet and underlies much of the site. The remainder of the

site has relatively flat bedrock at an elevation of approximately 630 to

640 feet.1 |“

The seismic refraction-derived bedrock elevation ^Vrelated closely with

borehole information. Table 2 lists the variance1 between refraction and

borehole data. Most variance is with/n\2 percent of total depth. The high

variance at Boring ITS-11A is due to/the placement of the refraction line.

The west refraction lint^iTs) not coincident with the west slurry wall alignment

and, since bedrock is dipping in that area, the refraction and borehole data

are expected to differ.

0 4.0 RECOMMENDATIONS

Design considerations for the proposed slurry wall require a complete

understanding of the depth to bedrock, nature of bedrock weathering, and char­

acteristics of the cobbles and boulders. To refine the seismic bedrock

elevations, IT recommends four additional borings be installed to bedrock.

The proposed locations are indicated in Figure 9. Two borings are recommended

along the north line where the bedrock steepens to determine the true dip of

the bedrock. CRM is susceptible to the steeply dipping refractors identified

in this area. Another boring has been proposed along the south line in the

east section. This area was the site of extremely variable velocities. A

bedrock depth is recommended to confirm that a depression does not cross the

8

3630010936

slurry wall alignment at this location. The last additional boring is recom­

mended between Borings ITS-11A and ITS-12A. Because of access restrictions,

seismic data were not acquired in this area and additional bedrock data are

necessary. This additional information (bedrock depth) can then be used to

further refine the bedrock contours generated using seismic refraction.

9

3630010937

REFERENCES

Hatherly, P. J., 1976, "A Fortran IV Program for the Reduction and Plotting of Seismic Refraction Data Using the Generalized Reciprocal Method," Rep. Geol. Surv. N.S.W., CS 1976/236.

Palmer, D., 1980, "The Generalized Reciprocal Method of Seismic Refraction Interpretation," Tulsa, Society of Exploration Geophysicists.

Palmer, D., 1981, "An Introduction to the Generalized Reciprocal Method of Seismic Refraction Interpretation," Geophysics, Vol. 46, No. 11, pp. 1508-1518.

Sampson, R. J., 1978, Surface II Graphics System, Kansas Geological Survey, Lawrence, Kansas.

r

a

o

10

3630010938

TABLES

Y

3630010939

TABLE 1

SLURRY WALL BORING LOCATIONS

BORING PROPOSED COORDINATES NO. N E

ACTUAL COORDINATES OFFSETN E (FT)

ITS-1

ITS-2A

ITS-3

ITS-4A

ITS-5A

ITS-6A

ITS-7A

ITS-8A

ITS-9A

ITS-10C

ITS-11A

ITS-12A

1.077.911.4

1.078.231.2

1.078.064.7

1.078.373.6

1.077.758.2

1.078.217.9

1.078.366.9

1.078.516.0

1.078.088.8

1.077.946.4

1.077.775.7

1.077.605.0

508.087.0

507.902.2

508,243.5

508.068.4

507.930.5

508.400.0

508.317.3

508.234.6

507.736.1

507,569.9

507.672.0

507.774.0

1.0777911.6

1,078,238.0

1.078.064.9

1.078.381.3

1.077.775.4

1.078.206.9

1.078.354.6

1.078.523.5

1.078.074.3

1,078,000.5

1.077.799.4

.649.8

508.087.0

507.896.6

508.243.7

503,062.6

507.938.2

508.397.3

508.295.0

508.238.4

59.7.701.9

>07,590.8

507.705.4

507.832.9

0.20

8.81

0.28

9.64

18.84

11.33

M<46

P .41

37.14

58.00

40.95

74.00

0

3630010940

TABLE 2

CORRELATION OP BORING AND SEISMIC REPRACTION DEPTH TO BEDROCK DATA

BORINGNO.

BEDROCKELEVATION

(feet)

SEISMICBEDROCK

ELEVATION(feet)

DEPTH VARIANCE (feet)

LATERAL OFFSET BETWEEN BORING

AND SEISMIC STATION (feet)

ITS-l 640.2 642 1.7

ITS-2A 570.6 570 0.6

ITS-3 637.5 638 0.5

ITS-4A 627.0 626 1

ITS-5A 642.1 641 1.1

ITS-6A 638.0 637 1

ITS-7A 635.2 634 1.2

ITS-8A 631.6 629 2.6

ITS-9A 587.9 585 2.9

ITS-10C 630.4 630 A 0.4

ITS-11A 641.9 630 LSN . 11.9

ITS-12A 641.9 „ 639 2.9

f*0

20.1

10.8

A.2

21.3

28.6

32.9

34.0

20.4

140.4

105.2

3630010941

FIGURES

A

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3630010942

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FIGURE 2

TYPI CAL SEISMIC REFRACTION FIELD RECORD

KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI

PREPARED FOR

' 1984 IT CORPORATION ALL COPYRIGHTS RESERVED

FRONT STREET TECHNICAL COMMITTEE MIDDLETOWN,OHIO

Creating a Safer TomorrowOo Not Scale This Drawing

3630010944

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PREPARED FOR

* ' 1984 IT CORPORATION S ALL COPYRIGHTS RESERVED

FRONT STREET TECHNICAL COMMITTEE MIDDLETOWN,OHIO

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ITS - 8 A (PROJECTED)

hi

Qin-1 770

- 730

- 690

- 650

- 610

RT1CAL EXAGGLRATION 2X570

HORIZONTAL SCALE VERTICAL SCALE

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FIGURE 6

2 * l<«M tl CORPORATION

Ai( copyrights h» ‘,mvrn

BEDROCK SURFACE ALONG EAST SEISMIC LINE KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI

PREPARED FOH

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FIGURE 8

BEDROCK SURFACE BETWEEN BORINGS ITS - IOC , ITS - I IA, AND ITS-12A

KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI

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NOTE =BEDROCK ELEVATION ARE FROM SEISMIC REFRACTION AND BOREHOLE DATA.

LEGEND

-f- SEISMIC GEOPHONE LOCATION

• ITS-IOC SLURRY WALL BORING

V_ 640BEDROCK CONTOUR.MSIi

-v (CONTOUR INTERVAL X 5 FEET)

PROPOSED ADDITIONAL BORING

• BORING BY OTHERS

FIGURE 9

BEDROCK ELEVATION CONTOURSKANSAS CITY , M ISSOURI

PREPARED POP

FRONT STREET TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ' MIDDLETOWN , OHIO

3630010951. Creating a Safer Tomorrow

l.ew.nrj

3032

43-0

12

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ITS-6A ITS-2A ITS-8A ITS-6A ili-2A ITS-IOC ITS-12A

BEOROCK CONTOUR PERSPECTIVE VIEWED FROM NORTHWEST CORNER

ITS-8A ITS-2AITS-4A TS-9A

\

NOTES:1. PERSPECTIVES ARE NOT TO

SCALE.

2. SORING ARE APPROXIMATE LOCATIONS.

LEGEND

BORING LOCATIONS

FIGURE 10

BEDROCK CONTOUR PERSPECTIVES KANSAS CITY , MISSOURI

BEOROCK CONTOUR PERSPECTIVE VIEWED FROM NORTHEA ST CORNER

| • »«« tf COPPOHAlitJN

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PREPAR60 FOR

FRONT STREET TECHNICAL COMMITTEE MIOOLE TOWN , OHIO

3630010952... Creating a Safer Tomorrow

Dl> Nc»i Si • •

APPENDIX A

3630010953

GEOPHYSICS, VOL. «6, NO. II (NOVEMB w ); P. 1508—1518. 21 FIGS.. I TABLE.

An introduction to the generalized reciprocal method of seismic refraction interpretation

Derecke Palmer*

ABSTRACT

The generalized reciprocal method (GRM) is a technique for delineating undulating refractors at any depth from in-line seismic refraction data consisting of forward and reverse traveltimes.

The traveltimes at two geophones, separated by a variable distance XY, are used in refractor velocity analysis and time- depth calculations. At the optimum XY spacing, the upward traveling segments of the rays to each geophone emerge from near the same point on the refractor. This results in the refractor velocity analysis being the simplest and the time-depths showing the most detail. In contrast, the con­ventional reciprocal method which has XY equal to zero is especially prone to produce numerous fictitious refractor velocity changes, as well as producing gross smoothing irregular refractor topography.

The depth conversion factor is relativa+Oisensitive to dip angles up to about 20 degrees, becaije^oth forward and reverse data are used. As a result, de ith calculations to an undulating refractor are particularly convenient even when the ovetlying straja-twve velocity gradients.

The GRM pt 3vid«s a means of recognizing and ac­commodating ur jp/cted layers, provided an optimum AT

value can be recovered from the traveltime data, the re­fractor velocity analysis, and/or the time-depths. The presence of undetected layers can be inferred when the ob­served optimum XY value differs from the XY value cal­culated from the computed depth section. The undetected layers can be accommodated by using an average velocity based on the optimum XY value. This average velocity permits accurate depth calculations with commonly en­countered velocity contrasts.

OUTLINE OF THEORY

The generalized reciprocal method (GRM) (Palmer. 1974, 1980) is a technique for processing and interpreting in-line seismic re­fraction data consisting of forward and reverse traveltimes.

The processing aspects of the GRM are the computation of the velocity analysis function (from which the refractor velocity is obtained) and the generalized time-depth (which is a measure of

the depth of the refractor) expressed in units of time. At the Geo­logical Survey of New South Wales, the computer program SEISSF (Hatherly, 1976) is used to compute and plot these pro­cessed data, as well as the original traveltime data.

The interpretation stage begins with assignment of a refractor to each arrival time, from examination of the traveltime curves. This aspect of interpretation is'frjmmon to all refraction interpreta­tion methods and is discussed io more detail elsewhere (Palmer. 1980, chapter II). The next stage of interpretation is the deter­mination of rpfractor velocities, and where possible, optimum XY values which), are analogous to twice the migration distance with the delay jlme method. This information is used in constructing a time sectibn (Palmer. 1980. chapter 10). from which a migrated depth section can be derived (Hatherly. 1979. 1980).

This paper introduces the refractor velocity analysis function, the generalized time-depth, the optimum XY value, and the aver­age velocity. The GRM is then applied to two synthetic models which represent examples of the hidden layer and velocity inver­sion problems.

The velocity analysis function

Using the symbols in Figure I, the velocity analysis function tv is defined by the equation

'V ~ I'AV ~ 'fl.Y + 'ab)/2. (I)

The value of this function is referred to G. which is midway between X and Y.

In routine interpretation with the GRM. values of tv calculated using equation (I) are plotted against distance for different XY values. The inverse of an apparent refractor velocity V'^ is defined as the slope of a line fitted to the tv values for the optimum XY (that for which the forward and the reverse rays emerge from nearly a common point on the refractor), i.e.. •

d— <v = \/V‘n. (2)rlc

It can be shown (Palmer. 1980) that

Vn = V'n cos 8„_,. (3)

when Vn is the true refractor velocity and 0n_, is the dip of the refractor. It is usual to lake as the true refractor velocity in most situations.

Presented at the 50th Annual International SEG Meeting November 18. I^80. in Houston Manuscript received by the Editor July 29 1980 Geological Survey of New South Wales. GPO Box 5288. Sydney. N S W. 2U0I, Australia, ^

0016-8033/81 /1101 — 1508S03.00. © 1981 Society of Exploration Geophysicisti. All rights reserved. '

1S08 3630010954

allied Reciprocal Method of Seismic Refraction1509

The generalized time-depth

The generalized time-depth Iq in seismic refraction interpreta­tion corresponds (but is not identical) with the one-way travcltime in seismic reflection methods. Using the symbols of Figure I. the generalized time-depth at G is defined by the equation

'c. = (Uy + Ibx ~ Uab + XY/Vn)]/2. (4)

The term V; is the apparent velocity determined from the velocity function.

Similarities between the GRM and other methods

For the special case of XY equal to zero, equation (I) reduces to equation (7) of Hawkins (1961. p. 809). It is similar to the minus term in the plus-minus method (Hagedoom. 1959). The velocity analysis formula quoted by Scott (1973. p. 275) is a least- squares fit of data values which are mathematically similar to equation (I). but with a zero XY value.

Several special cases of the generalized time-depth can be de­rived. depending upon the XY spacing used.

For XY equal to zero, the conventional time-depth IHagiwara and Omote. 1939. p. 127; Hawkins. 1961. p. 807. equation (3): Dobrin. 1976. p. 218. equations (7-35). (7-36)] is obtained. It is similar to the plus term in the plus-minus method (Hagcdoorn.1959; Hawkins. 1961. p. 814) and to a term in the method of differences IHeiland. 1963. p. 549. equation (9-68)|. For the cal­culation of the conventional time-depth, no knowledge of the re­fractor velocity is required.

For AT selected such that the forward and reverse rays emerge from near the same point on the refractor, a rcvult similar to the mean of the migrated forward and reverse delay times (Gardner. 1939. 1967; Barry, 1967) is obtained. Although the dclav time method is generally considered to be valid for dips up to 10 degrees, it is in fact sensitive to dip angles as small as 5-^tipees (Palmer. 1974). Not only does the generalized time-de jttfVvercome the errors related to dip. but it also conveniently it eludes separation

.of geophone and shotpoint delay times, migration, and con­vergence corrections into a^amcle operation.

Other methods similar to tie GRM include Hales's method fHales. 1958: Woolley ■\//\. 1967) and McPhail's method (McPhail. 1967). ^

The depth conversion factor

For plane layering between the forward and reverse arrival times, equation (4) can be shown (Palmer. 1980) to reduce to

n - 1'c = 2 ZjC/Vjn. (5)

j-1where

vj« = 2V(cos ajn + cos P,„). (6)

VJn is the depth conversion factor. For zero dips, it is equivalent to the A function of Meidav (I960, p. 1049-1051). the depth conversion factor of Hawkins (1961. p. 807. 808). twice the G factor of Stulken. (1967. p. 312). and twice the variable W of Chan (1968).

A major advantage of the GRM is that the depth conversion factor is relatively insensitive to dips up to about 20 degrees (Palmer. 1980). because both forward and reverse data are used. As a result the horizontal layer approximation can be used, i.e..

Vjn = Vj/yV„ - V-)The velocities used in equation CZ>"fue those calculated from equation (2).

The insensitivity of the depth conversion factor to dip angles makes the GRM an extremely convenient method for dealing with irregular refraclo»< including those overlain by a layer within which the velodpr'varies continually with depth (Palmet. 1980, chapter 5). I

AT

r m

kThe optimum XY value

The determination of the optimum XY values is probablv the most difficult and the most important aspect of the GRM. At this stage, there are two distinct approaches to determining the optimum XY value.

(I) Direction calculation of AY values.—The first approach to determining optimum AT values is the direct calculation from the seismic velocities and thicknesses using the formula

n - IX) optimum ~ 2 ^ ZjQ tan ijn, (8)

j • J

F,c I Summary of the model and the raypath parameters used in the calculation of the velocity analysis and generalized time-depth functions.

1510 Palmer

where

ijn ” sin'MV'VVn) (9)Hence an optimum XY value can be calculated for any seismic

velocity versus depth section, such as that computed from refrac­tion traveltime data using any interpretation method.

(2) Observation of XY values.—The second approach is the inspection of the traveltime data, the amplitudes of seismic traces, or the refractor velocity analysis and time-depth functions.

A method familiar to many refraction seismologists is the estimation of the separation of distinctive features on the traveltime curves of forward and reverse shots |see Woolley et al. 1967. p. 280, (f)|. This separation is taken as the optimum XY value.

Another method is to equate the optimum XY value with the distance at which the critical reflection occurs (Grant and West. 1965. p. 108; Layat. 1967. p. 179). At the critical reflection, marked increases in reflection and refraction amplitudes generally occur.

However, these methods are not considered to be as reliable as the inspection of the velocity analysis and time-depth functions calculated for a range of XY values (see Palmer. 1980. chapter 6).With nonoptimum XY values, the velocity analysis functions can indicate refractor velocity changes which vary with the XY separa­tion. in both magnitude and sign. These fictitious velocity changes usually occur with an irregular refractor topography. The XY value, for which the velocity analysis function is the simplest, corresponds to the optimum value.

Nonoptimum XY values also result in smoothing of the time- depths for irregular refractor topography. The XY value for which the time-depths show the most detail corresponds to the optimum f\ value.

The determination of optimum XY values by inspection of velocity analysis and time-depth functions wjJJJae demonstrated in the examples to follow-. f'fs

The existence of these two basic approacles Of computing and observing optimum XY values makes the GRM a unique and ex­tremely powerful interpretation method. If the depth section is to be consistent with the tf&vehimt data, the computed and observed XK values must agree If/hese values do not agree, then un­detected layers are indlrdled.

Undetected layers

While advanced interpretation routines recognize the existence of irregular refractors, it is still commonly assumed that the velocity stratification can be unambiguously inferred from the traveltime curves. This assumption constitutes probably the mos' serious shortcoming of the refraction method (Hagedoom. 1959 p. 164-166; McPhail. 1967, p. 260).

In many cases, improved field procedures are sufficient to re­solve the inherent ambiguity of single traveltime curves (see "Ambiguities concerning the important refractor.” Hawkins. 1961. p. 810).

Unfortunately, an increase in the number of shotpoints is not a solution to all problems of ambiguity, such as the hidden layer (Soske. 1959). The hidden layer problem occurs where energy from a refractor of higher seismic velocity arrives at the surface before energy from an overlying refractor. The hidden layer or masked layer thickness can vary between zero and a maximum theoretical thickness which is termed the blind :one (Hawkins and Maggs. 1961. p. 526).

The blind zone is more than a measure of the maximum error in depth calculations caused by hidden layers. The blind zone is a necessary consequence of the basic characteristic of the refraction method in which arrivals from a deeper layer overtake those from a shallower layer or part of a shallower layer. It represents the zone in each layer where the velocity distribution which is deter­mined in the upper part of the layer is extrapolated. The example of Hagedoom (1955. p. 329-332) emphasizes the significance of the blind zone because it demonstprtes that even when hidden layers are absent, the velocity disfrmution in the blind zone still cannot be obtained accurately by Extrapolation from the upper part of the layer.

The use of second and later events has been advocated, but even with ihis'Spproach many ambiguities can still exist I Palmer. 1980. chaptel^fT

Another tyje of undetected layer is the velocity inversion prob­lem (Domzalski. 1956. p. 153-155; Knox. 1967. p. 207-211; Greenhalgh. 1977). An inversion occurs when a layer has a lower seismic velocity than the layer above it. and as a result, no critically refracted head waves can be generated. In general, depth calcula­tions can be subject to unknown but often large errors because of this problem.

Drillholes with cither lithological or velocity logs, or average velocities from seismic reflection surveys, can help minimize errors caused by undetected layers. However, when these data are not available, it may still be possible to accommodate un­detected layers by ensuring that the observed and calculated optimum X)' values agree. This can be achieved by adjusting thicknesses or velocities of one or more layers until agreement occurs. While this method usually results in the total depth to the important refractor being more accurate, it may downgrade the geologic significance of overlying refractors by introducing layers which may be the sum or average of several layers, and which may be out of sequence.

Alternatively, an average velocity based on the observed XK value can be used.

tS 0 1a. 0-

STATI0N NIU8CR

10 II IZ IS i« 17 * IS Z0 Zl ZZ ZS Z<-j------------ 1------------ 1------------ 1------------1------------ 1------------ 1------------ 1. ;

10.

z| JO

w 50J

1000 m/s i0z

-jo g

2000 m/sso;

5000mA

Fig. 2. In this model, the second layer would not normally be detected using normal seismic refrattion field procedures. Accordingly, it pro­vides a searching test ol any interpretation routine. >

3630010956

henerallzed Reciprocal Method of Seismic Refraction

Table 1. Traveltime data.1511

Distance(m)

0

6065707580859095

100105110115120125130135MO145150155160165170175180

240

Stationnumber

0

66.577.588.5 . 99.5

1010.5111151212.51313.51414.51515.51616.51717.518

24

Hidden layer example

Shot 88.6

Velocity inversion example

Shot 91.246.0 74.647.0 73.648.0 72.749.0 71.750.0 70 851.0 69 852.0 68 953 0 67.954 0 66 955.0 65.956 0 65.557.0 65 658.3 65.760 2 65.862 0 65.063.8 64.065.7 63.067.5 62.068.6 61069 6 60 070 6 59.071.6 . 58072.6 57 073.6 56 074.6 554)

50.6 79.2516 78 252.6 77.353.6 76.354.6 75 455.6 74 456 6 73.557 6 72.558.6 71 659 6 70.660 6 70 3616 70 462.7 70 664.2 70.766 I 69.768 0 68 769.7 677

78.2 60.779.2 59.7

86.6 91.2 Shot

The average velocity

The use of an average velocity above the refrafttar permits depth calculations without defining all layers. It cfnaKo be useful in accommodating undetected layers. The metMd3escribed below uses the observed optimum XY value and is analogous to the deter- mmat.on of stacking velocity from normal moveout (NMO) mea-

Asurtments in reflection

An expression for an placing the terms conta

ocessing.avepage velocity can be obtained by re-

ng the seismic velocity of each laver tn equations (5). (7). (8). and (9) with the average velocity Vand comb.ntng them so that the depth terms are excluded. The result- tng expression is

^ = [V*XY/{,XY + 2tGV^)]V7. (IQ,

A major advantage of this average velocity is that a depth toMn/,efraCt0r 15 n°‘ required- unlUce *he methods of Hawkins 11961, equation (5)J and Woolley et al (1967, p. 279-280)

In routine interpretation, the calculation of time-depths using equation (4) and refractor velocities using equation (2) present few problems. Therefore, if an optimum XY value can be ob­served. then an average velocity can be obtained with equation I0h The total thickness of all layers can then be computed by

the following equation

n -1Vj ■ t

Zjc ~ 1c y/cos T. (ID'vhere

differ by less than a factor of two) and provided there is good contrast with the refractor velocity ti e., the refractor velocity is at least twice that of the overlying layers). When these conditions do not occur, it is s.tll possible to obtain reasonably accurate depths by subtracting the effects of well-defined layers from the time-depth using a partial summation with equation (5) and from the observed XY value using a partial summation with equation (8). The average velocity and total thickness then apply to the re­maining layers (Palmer, 1980).

MODEL STUDIES

m°S' SCarChing me'h0ds °{ as5essin? ,he Performance of the GRM is to apply the techniques to data generated by wave- front construction with a fully defined model.

Elsewhere (Palmer. 1980) models with very irregular refractor surfaces, refractor velocity variations, ineeular ground topo­graphy. and overburden with linear increases of velocity with depth have been used. For this publication, two models which are examples of the hidden layer and velocity inversion problems will be used. The traveltime data are presented in Table I.

Hidden layer example

The first example is a three-layer case (Figure 2) in which the second layer would probably not be recognized on first arrival traveltime data (Figure 3). particularly at the shallow end of the profile.

I = sin-‘(V/u;). (12)

ll can be shown (Palmer. 1980. chapter 8) that the errors in cpth calculations using the average velocity method are generally

than a quarter of the errors for the blind zone, provided the cismic velocities of the overlying layers are similar (i.e.. they

Refractor velocity analysis 3630010957In Figure 4. the velocity analyses (equation (l)| for XY values

z'ro 10 30 m ve shown. Computer program SEISSF atherly. 1976) was used to compute and plot these points. Also,

to avoid confusion by overplotting of points for various XY values, liferent, fictitious reciprocal times have been used. This results

15« Palmer

in simple vertical displacements which can be easily corrected in later interpretation stages t Palmer. 1980. chapter 9). Furthermore, (he apparent refractor velocity determined with equation (2) is not affected.

It can be readily seen that the set of points for each AV do not lie on a single straight line. In fact, for zero XY. the conventional reciprocal method, it is possible to infer the existence (from the chanees in slope of lines through the points) of both a higher velocity and a lower velocity zone which are not present in the original model.

It can also be seen that the deviations of the points from the straight line change from negative for zero XY to positive for the 30-m XY. However, if the velocity analyses points were plotted for the updip direction, rather than the downdip direction as shown |i.e.. if the first two terms on the right hand side of equation 11) were reverscd|. then (he signs of the deviations would be reversed. These deviations occur in the vicinity of the change in depth to the 5000 m'sec refractor and indeed are a result of this change. No such deviations would be observed if the refractors were planar.

Optimum AT values 3630010958In Figure 4. it can $ seen that the points for a 15-m AT are

the best approximation to a straight line. However, even for this

Fig. 4. Velocity analysis functions calculated with the traveltimcs from the deepest laser, for a range of A)' values Irom 0 to 30 m The dashed lines are the loci of where the points cease to be collinear. The intersection of the two lines on the left-hand side indicates that 10 m is the optimum AT value, while on the right-hand side a value of 20 m is indicated.

• ..

Iff ,.

?"-•ouw Iff . . M5»..c

N . .

n .. «o ..

Generalized Reciprocal Method of Seismic Refraction1513

H--- 1--- 1-STATION Nunecw

•• II II It l«

H---+--- 1--- 1--- h-

4 V* ♦ ♦ 4 ♦ ♦ 5m ******** )0m

♦*♦♦♦♦♦ fV.2(>fl

4 4 4 4 4 ** * 4 * * 4 3 On

. . it

. . it

I t • i •« H »» I* II It M it

Fig. 6. Depth section calculated from time-depths with a zero XY value and assuming that all layers can be detected. Considerable smoothing of the refractor surface is obvious.

Fig 5. Time-depths calculated with the traveltimes from the deep­est layer for a range of XY values from 0 to 30 m. The reader can obtain an appreciation of the improvement in detail with optimum Mid near optimum time-depths by plotting the loci of the edges of the sloping surface for various XY values. This sloping surface has the smallest horizontal expression in the time-depths for a 15 mir tlQlna r

“ afI ■"

* .»■o *■

• • . IS

set of points, it is still possible to recognize both positive and negative deviations. Therefore, it can be concluded that this XY value represents an average value. Such an average may in fact be the only value which can be recovered from routine field data. Nevertheless, depth sections to be discussed below verify thay'V even this value can improve the accuracy of interpretations. /-X

It is likely that the positive and negative deviations destructiveK^' interfere for the sets of points for I0. 15. and 20 m XY values.The following method is one approach tOjdtfQmining optimum XY values on either side of a major stmctub^the refractor.

The first and last major deviations frorf the straight line are determined for XY values away from the optimum. For this example, the points whpfevhe deviations are greater than one-half millisecond are select*. Tjfese points on adjacent lines in Figure 4 are joined, and the Afly^lue where the line through the positive deviations intersects the line through the negative deviations is selected as the optimum value. These lines are shown dashed in Figure 4. and they indicate that the optimum values either side of the sloping refractor surface are I0 m and 20 m.

Generalized time-depths

In Figure 5. the time-depths are shown for AT values from 0 to 30 m. As in the case of the velocity analysis, the computer program SEISSF was used with different reciprocal times to pre­vent overplotting of points for different XY spacings. The simple model used here does not facilitate a full appreciation of the benefits of the time section (Palmer. 1974; 1980). However, the reader can obtain an appreciation of the improved detail from time-depths calculated with optimum and near-optimum AT values, in the following way. Three straight lines are drawn through each set of time-depths: one each through the horizontal Portions, and one through the sloping portion. This sloping por­tion has a minimum horizontal expression for the set of time- depths with a 15-m AT value.

Depth sections

Fig. 7. Depth^otfction calculated from time-depth with a I0 m XY value and assuming that all layers can be detected. The improve­ment. partuVlfarly around the left-hand edge of the sloping surface can be observed.

Fig. 8. Depth section calculated from time-depths with a I5 m VP value and assuming that all layers can be detected. This depth section provides the best definition, if only one XY value is used lor the whole model.

5000** JOOO**

Figures 6 to 9 present depth sections in which it has been assumed that first arrival refractions have been recorded from ail •merfaces. including the 2000 m/sec layer ti e., it is not a hidden

FlC. 9. Depth section calculated from time-depths with a 20 m XY value and assuming that all layers can be detected. This depth section provides the best definition around the right-hand edge of the sloping surtace 6

3630010959

Fig. 10. Depth sec­tion calculated from time-depths with azero XY value and assuming that the second layer is hidden. The aver­age velocity of 1000 m/sec would be readily recovered from the travel-time data.

1514

inUJO'►—UJx:

0 -r-

-10-.

zo

<X>

-20-_

-30-L

6 1

Palmer

a 9 to it I* >3 14 IS 16 n 18

X Y= 0 V= 1000 m/s

A

50 00 m/sBlind Zone Lenili

_ 0Ulany—UJJZ

to

__ -to

-- -20

J_ -30 <x>UJ

Fig. II. Depth sec- £ tion calculated from w time-depths and an average velocity z with a 10 m XY value. These results g give the best depth — calculations possi- ^ ble with the GRM > to the left of the ^ sloping surface. ui

Fig. 12. Depth sec­tion calculated with time-depths and an average velocity with a 15 m XY value. This depth section provides the best definition, if onlv one XI' value is used for the whole model.

6 7 8 9 t° It 12 13 I* IS 16 n 18

0 -r-

-10--

-20 —

-30 —

X Y - 10m V =1179 m/s ItoUJQL

5000m/s r

■ to

- - -20

-30

6 1 9 10 It 12

0 f

-I0--

-20 —

is 16 It IB

XY=l5m

=£ -30_L UlUl

Q111 u--

FV = 1344m/s I

>UJ

UJ

tn UJcr.UJjc

-10

4- -20 §

5000 m/s-30 d

>ui

6 t 6 9 10 tl 12 13 l4 IS 16 P 18

Fig. 13. Depth sec­tion calculated from time-depth and an average velocity with a 20 m XY value. This depth section highlights the tendency of the average velocity to " overestimate depths.

£ -to.

zo

-20- -

-30--cr>ui -40

XY:20m V = I459m/sX-.o£

5000 m/s

-- -20

-- -30

-- -JO

layer). This has been done to permit an appraisal of the resolving

power of the GRM under ideal conditions.Perhaps the most sinking feature of these figures is the con­

siderable smoothing of the depth section with zero X Y. The depth sections computed with optimum and average XY values are sicnilicantlv better. This example, as well as others elsewhere, indicate that it is not essential to calculate time-depths, and there­fore depth sections using the exact XY value, for every geophone location even when there are substantial changes m refractor depths. An XY value within about 50 percent of the optimum still results in adequate definition, provided all seismic velocities are known. Time-depths using optimum XY spacing, on the other hand, can improve definition around features of particular mteres .

However, as discussed above, the detection and definition of all layers is not automatic with the refraction method.

In Figures 10 to 13. depth sections are shown in which it has been assumed that the 2000 m'sec layer has not been detected. In Figure 10. the depth section has been calculated using a con­stant velocitv of 1000 m/sec in the overburden layer. However, the XY values calculated for this depth section are 7 and 9 m. which differ sienilicantly from the observed values of 10 and 20 m Also, the mean of the calculated values. 8 m. is about half the observed averaee value of 15 m. Clearly this comparison of calculated and observed values has established the existence of

undetected layers. .The previous method of coping with this situation was to cal-

3630010960

EL

EV

AT

ION

IN M

ET

RE

S 0 ■

10-

20-

30-

40

lAferallzed Reciprocal Method of Seismic Refra1515

t J « i-I------1------ 1____ L.

10 II It I]-J___ I____ l 16 17

_J____ L_19 20 2« 22 23i t i t i

24

1000 m/s

. 0 t/> w (X

-10 ^

2000m/s

5000m/»

FlG. 14. This model is an example of a velocity inversion, with the second layer being undetectable using normal seismic refraction fieldprocedures.

1516Palm*r

• . .

16 . .

I> ll . .

S TO rION NU"0e«

u ir it i

i. ii

• • o* v

• (Or

13m

20-

23m

30m

Fig. 16. Velocity analysis functions calculated with the traveltimes Horn the deepest layer, for a range of XY values from 0 to 30 m. The dashed lines are the loci of where the points cease to be collinear. The intersection of the two lines on the left-hand side indicates that 15 m is the optimum XK value, while on the right- hand side a value of 25 m is indicated.

Fig. 17 Time-depths calculated with the traveltimes from the deepest layer for a range of XY values from 0 to 30 m. The reader can observe the improvement in detail with optimum and near- optimum time-depths by plotting the loci of the edges of the sloping surface for various XY values. This sloping surface has the small­est horizontal expression in the time-depths for a 20 m XY value.

FlG. 18. Depth section calcu­lated from time- depths with a zero XY value and an average velocity of 2000 m/sec. This is the value which would be the most likely re­covered from the traveltime data.

FlG. 19. Depth section calcu­lated from time- depths and an average velocity with a 15 m XY value. The depths show good agreement with the left- hand side of the model.

£ oO'

-to..

-20..-30..

n>lLi -40.

lOUJO'I—UJx:

Po __

-10.

zo -20.

® -30.

Y6 7 a 9 to II 12 13 ^14 is 18 17 18

X Y = 0 V = 2000 m/s

5000 m/s

6 7 8 9 10 1 1 12 13 14 IS 16 17 18

XY = 15m V = I343m/s

5000m/s

o

._ -10

-- -20

.. -30

.. -40

_ 0

.. -ib

-. -20

.. -30

m

toUJCC

0 _

Fig. 20. Depth section calcu­

£ -10- -

lated from time- zdepths and an -20_ _average velocity z

oIwith a 20 m XY r* -jo.«value. ►—cr

^ -40-_UJ

® 7 8 8 10 II 12 *3 14 15 1$ 17 18

XY = 20m ? = 1457m /s

5000mA

o

.. -10

-. -20

-- -30

-- -40

' 3630010962

EL

EV

AT

ION

IN M

ET

RE

S

EL

EV

AT

ION

IN M

ET

RE

S E

LE

VA

TIO

N IN

ME

TR

ES

Fig. 21. Depth section calcu­lated from time- depths and an average velocity with a 25 m XT value.

toUJ

cch-LJ2=

o -r*

I0--

~ -20- -

c^^iillzed Reciprocal Method of Seismic Retractloj

6 7 E 9 10 It 17 13 14 IS IE 17 IB

XYz25m V = 1542 m/s

5000 m/s

1517

__ o inIDct:

.. -to

.. -20

UJr:z

o---30 -

CL '

-- -40UJ

culate the maximum errors (Hawkins and Maggs. 1961) for an intermediate layer with an assumed, or known velocity. In Fig­ure 10. the dashed lines are the maximum enors for a 2000 m/sec layer. Despite statements to the contrary (Green. 1962). these maximum errors are all that can be determined in the absence of any other data (Hawkins and Maggs. 1962).

Figures II to 13 show depth sections calculated from average velocities based on 10. 15. and 20 m XT values and corresponding time-depth values of 17. 19.25. and 21.5 msec.

Let us consider the case when only an average XY value (in this case 15 m) can be recovered. It is clear that the depth section in Figure 12 is significantly better than that in Figure 10.

If it is possible to obtain XY values for particular sections of a seismic refraction profile, then further improvements in depth calculations are possible. This is the case with the left-hand side of Figure 11 and the right-hand side of Figure 13. The right-hand side of Figure 13 illustrates a shortcoming of the average velocity

• method, i.e.. overestimating depths when velocity contrasts ard large. For this example, it is shown (Palmer. 1980. chapter 8} that an enor of up to 10 percent can be expeprf^

Velocity inversion example

This same analysis can also be applied by the reader to the traveltime data shown i^-figure 15 for the velocity inversion model in Figure 14. THe velocity analysis is show-n in Figure 16. and the time section in Fj/ure 17. Optimum XT values of 15 m

for the left-hand side ol the model and 25 m for the right-hand side can be determined. Also, an average value of 20 m can be recovered.

In Figure 18. the depth section has been computed on the basis of the surface layer having a seismic velocity of 2000 m'sec throughout. However, the XT values calculated from this depth section are 37.5 and 45.4 m. which are clearly very different from the observed values.

In Figures 19 to 21. average velocities have been calculated using XT values of 15. 20. and 25 m. and time-depths of 19.3. 21.55. and 23.8 msec. The improvement in depth calculations when X)' values, which are either optimum or near optimum, are used to form average velocities is readily apparent.

CONCLUSIONS

Examples here and elsewhere (Palmer. 1974. 1980) demonstrate the ability of the GRM to define complex models with consider­ably more ease and accuracy than most existing interpretation methods. The complexity includes not only irregular refractor topography and seismic velocities, but also overburdens with un­detected layer and velocity inversion problems.

When irregular refractor surfaces exist, the conventional reciprocal method usually indicates fictitious velocity variations.

Unfortunately, examination of the time-depths in order to assess whether refractor velocity variations are a result of irregular re­fractor topography is not reliable, because the conventional reciprocal method also smooths refractor topography. Therefore it is essential to compute velocity analysis functions for XY values ranging from zero to in excess of the likely optimum. This practice permits the recognition and separation of refractor velocity- changes which are of geologic origijvffbm those which are a func­tion of the XY value.

Furthermore, the definition of refi actors with time-depths using finite XY spacings are more detailed than with time-depths using a zero XY spacipg-. i.e., with the conventional reciprocal method. At this stage^j. appears that XY values which differ from the optimum value by as much as 50 percent still result in acceptable definition of'the refractor tbpography provided, of course, all layers are detected.

However, undetected layers are an inevitable phenomenon of the refraction method. First-arrival traveltimes are only recorded for the upper part of each layer, and the measured seismic velocities are then extrapolated throughout the remainder of the layer. Be­cause it has rarely been possible to recognize undetected layers using existing seismic refraction interpretation methods, no reasonable assessment of their frequency of occurrence has been possible.

Accordingly it is recommended that the verification of the existence or absence of undetected layers should be made a routine practice in all seismic refraction interpretation routines by com­paring the XY value obtained from examination of the velocity- analysis functions and time-depths, with the XY value obtained from computation from the interpreted depth section. If the depth section is to be consistent with the traveltimc data, the computed and observed XY values must agree. When the com­puted and observed XY values differ, average velocities derived from the observed XT values can be used to overcome any unde­fined layers.

Clearly, the success of the GRM depends upon the ability to determine optimum XT values. This in turn requires both accurate arrival times and close geophone spacings.

I believe the necessary accuracy in arrival times is at least one- half of a millisecond, and that this can only be obtained with the digital processing of digitally recorded data, such as described by Hatherly (1979. 1980).

While the progression to digital processing may seem inevitable to many, the use of small geophone spacings is not so obvious. Existing lore recommends geophone spacings that are much the same as the depth of the refractor. On the other hand, adequate determination of XT values requires at least three geophone in­tervals per optimum XT spacing.

Examples elsewhere (Palmer, 1980) demonstrate that it is

3630010963

1518 Palmer

possible to determine optimum XY valu^nor either side of major refractor features. Although the author maintains it is similarly possible to determine XY values for either side of the faults in the examples above, others may maintain that only an average value is recoverable. However, even in these cases the use of average values still results in more accurate depth sections than those de­rived from uncritical acceptance of the traveltime curves.

The GRM provides an integrated approach to seismic refrac­tion interpretation cognizant of the realities of the geologic environ­ment. These realities include undetected layers and layers with variable thickness and seismic velocities. Furthermore, the pro­cessing routine used with the GRM offers significant advantages in the management of time, costs, and expertise (Palmer. 1979). Accordingly, the GRM is a most efficient and most convenient method of interpretation for routine seismic refraction operations.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Comments by Peter Hatherly. Jamie McIntyre. Noel Merrick, and Stewart Greenhalgh were very helpful.

This paper is published with the permission of the Under Secre­tary of the New South Wales Department of Mineral Resources.

REFERENCESBarry. K. M.. 1967, Delay time and its application to refraction profile

interpretation, in Seismic refraction prospecting: A. W. Musgrave. Ed.. SEG. Tulsa, p. 348-361.

Chan. S. H.. 1968. Nomograms for solving equations in multilayer and dipping layer cases: Geophvs. Prosp.. v. 16. p. 127-143

Dobrin. M. B.. 1976. Introduction to geophysical prospecting. 3rd ed.: New York. McGraw-Hill Book Co.. Inc.

Domzalski. W.. 1956. Some problems of shallow refraction investigatioy(s\ Geophvs. Prosp.. v. 4. p. 140-166.

Gardner.L. W.. 1939. An areal plan of mapping subsurface structur^ refraction shooting. Geophysics, v. 4. p. 247-259

-------- 1967. Refraction seismograph profile interpretation, in Seismicrefraction prospecting: A. W. Musgrave. EdeCSEU. Tulsa, p. 338-347.

Grant. F. S.. and West. G. F.. 1965. IntefcfrStion theory in applied geophysics: New York. McGraw-Hill BoolCoN Inc.

Green. R.. 1962. The hidden layer problenl p. 166-170.

Greenhalgh. S. A.. I97J refraction work: Gfophs

■nuri-fTy

Geophvs. Prosp.. v. 10.

komments on the hidden layer problem in seismic Prosp., v. 25. p. 179-181.

Hagedoom. J. G.. l95:JKnplates for fitting smooth velocity functions to seismic refraction and reflection data: Geophys. Prosp., v. 3. p. 325- 338. . . ■ .

—i---- 1959. The plus-minus method of interpreting seismic refractionsections: Geophys. Prosp.. v. 7, p. 158-182.

Hagiwara. T.. and Omote. S.. 1939. Land creep at Ml Tyausu-Yuma (Determination of slip plane by seismic prospecting): Tokyo Univ. Earthquake Res. Inst. Bull . v. 17. p. 118-137.

Hales. F. W.. 1958. An accurate graphical method for interpreting seismic refraction lines: Geophys. Prosp., v. 6. p. 285-294.

Hatherly. P. J., 1976. A Fonran IV programme for the reduction and plotting of seismic refraction data using the generalized reciprocal method: Rep. Geol. Surv. N.S.W.. GS1976/236.

-------- 1979. Computer processing of seismic refraction data: Bull.Austral. SEG. v. 10. p. 217-218.

------- 1980. Digital processing of seismic refraction data: Bull. Austral.SEG. v. ||. p. 69-74.

Hawkins. L. V.. 1961. The reciprocal method of routine shallow seismic refraction investigations: Geophysics, v. 26. p. 806-819.

Hawkins. L. V.. and Maggs. D . 1961. Nomograms for determining maximum errors and limiting conditions in seismic refraction surveys with blind zone problems: Geophys Prosp . v. 9. p. 526-532.

-------- 1962. Discussion on the problem of the hidden layer within theblind zone: Geophvs. Prosp.. v. 10. p. 548.

Heiland. C. A.. 1963. Geophysical exploration; New York. Prentice- Hall. Inc.

Knox. W. A.. 1967. Multilayer near-surface refraction computations, in Seismic refraction prospecting: A. W. Musgrave. Ed.. SEG. Tulsa, p 197-216.

Layat. C.. 1967. Modified Gardner delay time and constant distance correlation interpretation, in IjpHfnic refraction prospecting: A. W. Musgrave. Ed.. SEG. Tulsa, p. ITI-193.

McPhail. M. R.. 1967. The midpoirf method of interpreting a refraction survey, in Seismic refraction prospecting: A. W. Musgrave, Ed., SEG. Tulsa, p. 260-266.

Meidav. T. 13X50. Nomograms to speed up seismic refraction computa­tions: GdSphvsics, v. 25. p. 1035-1053.

Palmer. DVT974. An application of the time section in shallow seismic refractio} studies: M.Sc. thesis. Univ. of Sydney. 157 p.

-------- I9t9. What is the future for seismic refraction methods?: Bull.Austral. SEG. v. 10. p. 215-217.

------- 1980. The generalized reciprocal method of seismic refractioninterpretation: Tulsa. Society of Exploration Geophysicists.

Scott. 1. H.. 1973. Seismic refraction modeling by computer: Geophysics, v. 38. p. 271-284.

Soske. J L.. 1956. The blind zone problem in engineering geophysics: Geophysics, v 24. p. 359-365.

Stulken. E. J.. 1967. Constructions, graphs and nomograms for refrac­tion computations, in Seismic refraction prospecting: A. W, Musgrave. Ed . SEG. Tulsa, p. 304-329.

Woolley. W. C.. Musgrave. A. W.. and Gray. H.. 1967, A method of in-line refraction profiling, in Seismic refraction prospecting: A. W. Musgrave. Ed.. SEG. Tulsa, p. 267-289.

n

3630010964

uculuuiuml aunvc.1 ur mlw auuiii vymlco

DEPARTMENT OF MINES

A FORTRAN PROGRAM FOR THE REDUCTION

AND PLOTTING OF SEISMIC REFRACTION DATA

USING THE GENERALISED RECIPROCAL METHOD

by

P.J. Hatherly

(Geophysicist)

TGEOPHYSICS SECTION

REGIONAL AND SPECI^^SERVICES DIVISION

Geologi|aj)survey Report N°: gsi976/236

Departmental File N°:

Map Reference:

Dated: May, 1978

3630010965

The information contained in this report hat Been Obtained Or the Department of Minei at part of the policy of the State Government to attitt in the development of mineral reiourcet and furtherance of |eolo|>cal knowledge It may not Be published in any form or uted in a company protpectut. document or statement without the permittion m writing of the Under Secretary Department of Mines. Sydney

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

AN INTERPRETATION ROUTINE USING THE GENERALISED RECIPROCAL METHOD

THE PROGRAM

THE PROGRAM DATA DECK

THE PROGRAM STRUCTURE AND OPERATION

ERROR CHECKING AND DIAGNOSTICS

REFERENCES

AMENDMENT SCHEDULE

APPENDIX 1 LISTINGS OF EXAMPLE DATA AND PRINTOUT

ADlffA I

APPENDIX 2 PROGRAM L NGS

Page

1

1

3

3

6

7

8

9

FIGURE 1

FIGURE 2

FIGURE 3

LIST OF FIGURES

RAY PATHS FOR TOO LAYER CASE

EXAMPLE PLOT - Plan 10299

PROGRAM FLOW AND FUNCTIONS

3630010966

c>t

^ ■< v : r r'v. >j .

INTRODUCTION

'.J

The generalised reciprocal method of seismic refraction

interpretation is described by Palmer (1974). This method combines the

computational and interpretational ease of the reciprocal method (Hawkins,

1961) with the migration property of the delay time method (Gardner, 1939,

1967; Barry, 1967).

The interpretation of data using this method requires a graphical

presentation, the production of which is tedious when done by hand. This

report is a description of, and users guide for, Fortran program^EISSF.

This program produces the required graphs using a computer and plotter.

AN INTERPRETATION ROUTINE USING T

GENERALISED RECIPRO^^ METHOD

a.txonFor the interpretation of seismic refraction data using the

generalised reciprocal method, three sets of data (one field set and two

processed sets)[xtre required. These are the travel time curves, the

velocity analysis functions and the time section.

The travel time curves

The travel time curves are a plot of the first arrival times, t,

(measured from the field records) against the distance from the shot to

the geophones. On the travel time curves, each arrival time is assigned

to a refractor (see Ambiguities Concerning the Important Refractor,

Hawkins, 1961 pp.810,811) and the intercept times for each refractor are

determined. Referring to the raypaths shown on fig. 1, the intercept time

(for point A) is defined as

(1)

The velocity analys 3630010967

fcCA ~ (tCY

1 97 6 236

f

3630010968

(2)

generalised velocity function, which is defined by

" 1/2 (tAY - ‘ex + V where t refers to the point G, midway between X and Y and t is called

AB

the reciprocal time.

When both t^, and t are arrivals from the same refractor, the

inverse slope, V'r of the line of best fit through the relevant t^ is the

approximate velocity of the refractor. The intercept of this line on the

time axis at the shot point is called the shot point time depth.

The time section 1

The time section is a plot of geophone and shot point time depths,

and of half intercept times. The geophone time dejp£h, t , is defined byG

‘g - 1/2 "=AY + t - t '■- —) ry an v '

int^^ir

C3)BX AB V

In the time section, the interpreter adjusts the geophone and

shot point time depths, in^£Jie manner described by Palmer (1974), to agree

with the half intercept times. All of the values are then converted to

layer thickn

example equa

3ses using the standard depth conversion formulae (see for

Con 4 of Hawkins, 1961). Hatherly (in prep.) has described ■

a computer program for the calculation and plotting of depth sections.

The reciprocal method

The reciprocal method (Hawkins, 1961) is a special case of the

generalised reciprocal method. In the reciprocal method X and Y are the

same point and the equations for velocity function and time depth

simplify to:

(4)

and

*V - 1/2 (tAG - lBG + W

‘g ' 1/2 (tAG + ‘bG • W 363(J(ll0969

For the mapping of refractors which are only gently undulating,

it is often more convenient to perform analyses usina this method.

THE PROGRAM

GSL97& 236

The program described in this report produces a plot which is

suitable for use with the interpretation routine described above. As

input data the program uses seismic arrival times and geophone and shot

point locations, and from these travel time curves are plotted. Then, for

the nominated travel time curves (with nominated reciprocal time, XY

spacing and velocity), velocity function and time depth curves are

computed and plotted. It is up to the interpreter to decide which

portions of the velocity function and time depth curves represent the same

refractor. These portions are then used in the subsequent interpretations.

Figure 2 is an example of the type of plot which is produced by the program. This example required 25 seconcj^tomputing time on a

PDP11/45 computer and 35 minutes plotting time on a Calccrmp 745 flatbed

plotter.

The program iSfiJpitten in the Fortran language and uses Calcomp

plotting software. It hlas been developed for execution on the New South

Wales Deparj£m«^t of Lands’ PDP11/45 computer and Calcomp 563 (drum) and

745 (flatbed) plotters. It requires 32000 bytes of memory and a line

printer capable of printing 80 characters per line. The program is

limited to plotting the arrival times from a maximum of 100 shots per

plot, each shot having a maximum of 25 arrival times.

THE PROGRAM DATA DECK

Card 1 READ: LINE,FNUMB,SHAME,SHUMB,NSYMB

FORMAT: 12,F3.0,3A4,F3.0,12

LINE is the line number

FNUMB is the true spacing between geophone stations and

3630010970

CMAMT* nm* f r> f moncnrrmnn*- / 1 r» f ♦» -incfi f i

Card 2

'S 1 97 6NSYMB is the number of symbols used in the velocity analysis

and time section plots. (See NYTPE, below.)

READ: TMINT,TMAX,STINT-,STMIN,STMAX

FORMAT: 5F10.4 •

236

TMINT is the time scale in cms/millisecond.

. TMAX is the maximum time on the axes in milliseconds.

.STINT is the horizontal scale in cms/unit station number.

STMIN is the station number at the left of the plot.

STMAX is the station number at the right of the plot.

All scales should be chosen so that the resulting plot will fit on |the

plotter to be used.

Card 3 READ: NTITLE,TITLE

FORMAT: I2,18A4

<an Ithe

Card 4

ANTITLE is the nuraber^of characters in the title

TITLE is the titleiU^ft justified).

READ: N&HOT,SHLCN

FORMAVi/13,F10.4

NSHOT is the shot number and must be less than 400. Furthermore,

to reduce array sizes, the program only recognises the tens

and units in a shot number. Consequently care must be taken

not to overwrite arrays. For example shot 263 would over­

write shot 163.

SHLCN is the geophone station number at the shot point.

Card 5 READ: TEMP

FORMAT: 8F10.4

TEMP is an array which stores geophone station numbers and their

. , . , . 3630010971corresponding arrival times in milliseconds. The order

rpnnirpd i«: station number followed by its arrival time.

.) i j u v

The station numbers should be in either ascending or

descending order, as the travel time curves are plotted

Subsequent cards

Cards in the format of card 5 (i.e. 8F10.4) are repeated to give

all the travel time data for the particular shot. For each shot there can

be no more them 25 arrival times and in order for the travel time curve to

start at the shot point, a zero travel time should be included at the shot

point.

At the end of this data, the value -999. is inserted as the next

geophone station number.

Then follows either another series bf cards giving a new shot

number (card 4) and travel times 5 and subsequent cards), or, if the

travel times for all shots have been read, a blank card.

fsertec

£

Next Card READ: N S ,>JSB, RT, TYPE, V, RMIG, NTYPE

0EORMAT: 213,F10.4,5A4,24X,F10.4,F8.4,12

NSA and NSB are the numbers of the shots whose travel time data

are to be used in velocity analysis and time depth

calculations.

RT is the reciprocal time between the two shots.

TYPE is a description of the type of shots. This is used to

annotate the printout. It may be left blank, or an

appropriate annotation such as "far shots" may be used.

V is the refractor velocity units of SNAME/millisecond. This

value may be optionally used if a non zero XY spacing is to

be employed (see equation 3) . 363001.0972RMIG is the XY distance in units of SNAME (card 2).

NTYPE is the reference number (1 to 13) of the standard

*I

VJ7<' S; !• ; '•

velocity analysis and time depth values.

NTYPE also controls the location of the reference

which is plotted for each pair of shots analysed. This

reference is plotted between the velocity analysis and

time section axes and is 4.3cm long and 7.5mra wide. The

centre of each reference has a horizontal coordinate which

is midway betweem the crossing segments of the relevant

travel time curves and a vertical coordinate which is

controlled by the value of NTYPE: the higher the value,

the lower the reference. If need be the >4ffTie section

axes are automatically lowered to allow all the references

to fit in. s'

By using different valuds of NTYPE, the user is able

to prevent the references from being overplotted.

rSubsequent Cards

Cards in the format of the previous card follow giving the

required djtt/ for each pair of shots to be analysed. After the last of

these cards, the deck is completed with a blank card.

A listing of the data used in the example is given in Appendix 1.

THE PROGRAM STRUCTURE AND OPERATION

The program consists of a mainline program SEISSF and 3 sets of

overlain subroutines. The program structure and the subroutine functions

are summarised in figure 3 . Program listings are given in appendix 2.

The Department of Lands' computer operates under an RSX-llD

operating system. The data is read from a disc file (using logical unit

number 1) and the output consists of a plot file

(usina loaical unit number . Tho nrint-n.^ r~*.

(on disc)3B30010973

and printout

*■ V> A f»1 *-» *- ^ "* ^ -

OVERLAY 1

•SEISSF

• GS 1 97 6 l

1

OVERLAY 2

INTCHK APLOT

OVERLAY 3

TCURVE REDUCE

V

("start)

r

Establish plotting scales]

4

Plot titles

Plot fax scale)

h

Ptablish labelling interval

for axes

Plot axes for travel time curves

Plot travel time curves

SupriSubroutine SKALE

Subroutine TITLE

Subroutine BSCALE

Subroutine ItJTCHK

Subroutine APLOT

Subroutine TCURVE

Plot axes for velocity analysis Subroutine APLOT

Plot axes for tine section Subroutine APLOT

Calculate and plot velocity analysis

and time depth Plot Reference

4

C st°p)

Subroutine REDUCE

3630010974

Gstr^' 2

Using programs from the system library, the plot file may be

directed to either the drum plotter or to a magnetic tape which is used

with the flatbed plotter. These programs also allow the user to alter the

plot dimensions.

Each plot file is made up of six plot records and if need be,

individual records only, or groups of records only, are plotted. The

function of each of these records is as follows!

Record 1 moves the origin.

Record 2 plots all titles and the bar scale.

Record 3 plots the travel time curves and their axes.

Record 4 plots the velocity analysis axes.

Record 5 plots the time section,axes.

Record 6 plots the velocity analysis functions, the time depths and

the references.

When starting a plot, the'pen should be at the bottom left hand

r

acorner of the plot she

P ERROR CHECKING AND DIAGNOSTICS

Various error conditions are checked while the program is

executing:

(i) If a read error occurs, a message giving the location of the read

statement is given at the terminal and the program stops executing.

(ii) If the nominated plot dimensions are too large for the flatbed

plotter (1.371m x 1.016m), a message is printed by the line printer

and the scales are automatically halved and checked again.

(iii) If travel time data or geophone station numbers lie outside the

axes limits, a message giving the values in error is printed on

the printout and the values are ignored. 3630010975

(iv) If too many arrival times are read for any shot (more than 25). an

error message giving the shot number is printed by the line

printer and the program stops executing.

REFERENCES

Barry, K.H., 1967. Delay time and its application to refraction profile

interpretation. Seismic Refraction Prospecting. Society of

Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa.

Gardner, L.W., 1939. An areal plan of mapping subsurface structure by

refraction shooting. Geophysics, 4, 247-259.

Gardner, L.W., 1967. Refraction seismograph profile interpretation.

Seismic Refraction Prospecting.

Tulsa.

Hatherly, P.J. :he calculation and

Geologica

Hawkins, L.V. , 1961. The reciprocal method of routine shallow seismic

refr^c^ion investigations.' Geophysics, 26,806-819.

Palmer, D., 1974. An application of the time section in shallow seismic

refraction studies. 11. Sc. thesis, University of Sydney, Sydney.

Cunpubl.).

plotting New South Wales

3630010976

AMENDMENT SCHEDULE

G S 197 6

Version, author

Descriptionand date

1. P. Hatherly

21/4/78

The size of the cross used to mark the positions of

the travel tiroes has been changed from 0.07 inch to

0.04 inch. CNo change to report).

Y

3630010977

31,

32.26.24.28.

. La...i.2P1 37.33.29.

.31.____

21.17.-099.282 37. 37,

103. op, 94. fir.,

.. 7U *.

32.13.12.

3?.60,

91C1, METRES .1 UP. 1 . 37.

7EX4HPLE 197 25.

-57.- 5o .-' 3^ 9 35,

33. 43. 32. 37. 31 .

29. 21. 23. 70. 77.23. ". 24. o. 23.

21. 23. 23. 31. 19.17.

"~TT.------------- 5o7 ______ ____________43. 15.

-ir;-33.15.13.33.49.

196 19, «. .36, 64, 33. 81. 34.32, 58, 31, 56, 30.28. 30. 27. 46, 26.24. ..30, . „ 2? •_....... .. 73, _____ ..7 2j(__________

20, 19. 0. in.15, t«. 13. 70, 1«.-999 •199 t3.

35.37. 78. 36. 73.33, 73l 32. 71, 31.So. —sf. 2 ST"' M, 27.

23. 39. 24. 54. 73.21. 40. 70. 33. 19.17. 21. 16. 1". 15.13. 0. -OOO.

20?.36.

1.10 97 "33. foe," nr

31.34.42.J.?,.7.23.

74.39. TFT 31 . 31 . 11.

TT.....30.23.22.13.14,

-457"23.9.21 . 40.35.

33.29.25.2J,17.13.

34.30.

22.m.14.

31 . 52. 37. 13.

'it. 31.

74. 39.

- 33.4(5.23.7.

1»5.10t«.97.fifi,

74.83,

.in.7.27.47.37.67.

33. 25._______ *2.____... . 30 L_______29. 37. 28. 40.23. / 30. 24. 34.2i. r 1 62. 20. 6 3,17. / 6 8, . I". 70.13. 79. • 099.203 49, '37. 40. 36. ~~aT.33, 4R. 32. 30.29. 37. 2". 88 ,23, 89. 24, 73.21. 81. 20. 62.17,_____

. ______P6,_

-099.204 40,81. 36 , 60. 36.37. 27, 36. 23.31. «. 3". «.

35. 1?. 34. 19.31 , 3?,_ 30. '34.27. " '”'43. " S3.'---- S3.23, 57. 77. 60.19. 3 3. IP. 66.15. 71 . 14. 73.

35‘. 4 3. ' ...... 34. 43.31 . 57. 30. 34.27. 63. 76. 66.23. 77. 77. 60.19. 84. 1". 64.1 5 .___ ___ 00, 14. 94.

39. 33. 36. 30.34. 19. 37. 13.49. 0, 46. 3.

Appendix 1 - rj.unple data

3630010978

47. t0.43. 24, m39. 35. 36283 54.6!. ...2». . 6097. 13. 3693. «. 9148. 24. 4744. 32. 4348. 42. 39207 «7.67. 0. ’ 0156. 37. 97,54. 43. 53,50. 52. 49,46. 68, 43,42. -«0. 4 1 j38, 78, -91288 61,ei.57.93.49.<9.Mi37.289 4 *1.

.57, .. 53.<9.<9.<1. -999, 218 3i 61.97.53.49.45.41. . 37.211 31. 68,56 ,52.

44.46.

285288 284283 284289 289218 282281 197201 197198 190199 28721 1 283280

74. 62. 36.

......4 9j41.

Q23.27.33,32.36,31.91.127.

16. 45. 28.A".

ZB 9 41. 20. W 40,37. 37. 40. • 999,

_59. 28 t 36,_

10. 65. «. 3a,14. 38, 16. 49,26. 46. 20. 43.34. 42. 37. 4 1 .45. .36, 47. -999,

air 08. 33. .... "59*.36, 56. 48. 55,46. 62. 40. 51 .54, 48. 50. 47,02. 44. 04. 43.-71*______ 4.6 j ... . .. 7.4* .......3?^

0. 60. 7. 59.10, 50. 21. 33.29. 52. 30. 51 .30, 4 6, 40, 47,40. 44. 49. 43.33. 40. 38, 39.66, -999.

1 •91. 6". 49. 39.

... 4 0^ 50, .. 38, .. 33,32. 92. " 32. 51.24. 48. 23. 47.12. 44. 7. 43.11. 48. 16. 39.

ft. .64. ...........’60 .' ' 6 8* 59.'52. 56. 50. 55.44. 52. 44. 51 .37. 45. 36. /\ 47.29. 44. 27. / V3.

. .. 21, . ......... ...40, . ... . 19^. Js0. -999. [

39 33 31 4 7_

"4 3.

39,

f* 78.0 8. 34.47^48.33.

QUARTER SHOTS QUARTER SHOTS QUARTER SHOTS 0114 R f E P SHOTS' 0U4RTEP SHOTS QUARTER SHOTS QUARTER SHOTS QUARTER SHOTS FAR SHOTS FAR"SHOT 3

12.?4.34.4?,58.61.

56.54.58.46.42.38.

«P. 59, 52.

J5._ 3 9. 33.

5«.54.58.

.46.42.30.

30.

58.46.42.30.

56.

54.58.46.4?.38.

57.53,4R.‘li. _

’4"j . -999,

22.32.

0.2".30,39.

34.41.58.30.66.77.

16.27.36.**,.54.63.

43.34.?7.18.7.26.

55.40,39.32.25.6.

64.57.38.

36.

5.5.

28.22.

121212123V

3630010979

tx»nrLtLINE NO, 9

STATION SPACING - IP.NfTR

SHOT NIIPRFP 197 LOCATION 25.’’OLOCaTi'CH T INF lCCaTION' TINE LOCATION

50,op 30,0043.00 32.0081.00 20,000,00 '"24.00

26,00 80,00

37.0033.0029.0023.0021.0017.0013.00

44,0000,00

10,00>999,00

4P.0037.00

20.009.00

31 .00 40,00* 0,00 0,00

TI*F '40.0033.0013.0013.0030.00

“49.W0,00

Lncmnff3 4.0030.0020.00 22.0P 10.00

—177on0,00

' TTOf40.0020.00 0,00

21.0040,00

"sr.**-0,00

SHOT NUMBER 198 LOCATION 19.00LOCATION TIPC LOCATION TINE __LOC»TjnN.

30.0032.0028.0024.0020.0016,00

•999.00

04.0038.0030.0030,00B.oo18,00*.00

33.00 31,0"

' 27.00

23.0019.0015.00p,0<r

01.0036.0046.0023.000.00

20.00”f.T*r

34.0030.0026.00 22,00 16,00 14.000.0*

UME*61.00"34.0042.0019.00 7.0023.0"*07^

LOCATION3 3 Voo29.0025.0021 .0017.0013.00

------B.pir**

T I HF 61 >0 "32.0037.00 1 3.0011.0031..0O

—P7"P"

location'" 37.001 . 33,00^

29.00

rv number) TIME " / 32.00

13.0012.00

201 LOCATION 31LOCATION TIME

36.00 30.00* "32.00 ' 7,00

26.00 13.00

25.00 31.00 24.00 3 6,00

21.00 52.00 20,00 53.00

17.00 60,00 16.00 6I.00

•999,00 0,00 0.00 0.00

00LOCATION ■ TIME ** VOCATION T 1 w F

35.00 23.PO 34.00 16.0031.00 0,00 30.00 7.00

27.00 21.00 26,00 27.00537oS - 43;** ** 277^ 47.0 0“

19.oo 56.00 16.00 57,00

15.00 64,00 14.00 6 7.00

0,00 0,00 0.00 0,00

-------- 5hoT*"nuNRER 2*7

LOCATION time

37.0033.0029.00

0,0026.0037.00

—nmTinw 37;ppLOCATION TJHE LOCATION

36.00

37.0020.00

7,00 3P .0040.00

35.0031.0027.00

Tiof LOCATION12.00 34.0032.00 30.0043.00 26.00

T IMF19.00

34.0046.00

Appendix Sample Print out

3630010980

23.00 30.21.00 82.^^17.00 ee.ee13.00 79,00

2A.00 34.0020.00 83,0018.00 70,00

•999.00 0.00

?3,(>0 AfC^■00

13.00 TT.000.00 0.00

27.0010.00 80.7014.00 73.000.00 0.00

SHOT NUHBE0 293 LOCATION 49.00LOCATION TIHE LOCATION tihf

37,00 40,00 38,00 47.0033,00 48,00 32.00 30,0029,00 37,00 20,00 00,00

23.00 09,00 24,00 73.0021,00 81,00 20,00 02,0017,00 §6,00 16.00 88.00

•999,00 0,00 0,00 0,00

SHOT NUMBER- 204 ’LOCATION 49

location TINE LOCATION T I HE6I.00 38.00 60.00 36.0"57.00 27.00 80.00 23,7031,00 8.00 30.00

. .87,00.. . lP^P. _ 48,0043,00 24,00 42,00 26.0039,00 33,00 38.00 37,00

LOCATION Tint location TTHf33,00 43,00 34,00 46,0031.00 32,00 30,00 34,P027,00 63,00 26,00 66.002 3,00 7 7,00 27.00 00.P019.0« 04,00 18,00 84,0013.00 <JP f Pfl 14.00 94.000,00 0,00 0,00 0,00

iS • • .. - —------------------------------- -

LOCATION TIHF LOCATION T 1 Mf39. «P 33.0" 38.00 30.0034,00 19,00 37,00 13,0049,00 0.0" 48,00 3.0043.00 44.00 77,0041.00 29.00 40,00 37.0037.00 40,00 -999,00 0,00

SHOTlocation___

81.0037.0033.0040.0044.0040.ee

NUHBEO 203 LOT LHI LOC A T 10N

.00

28,0013.008,00

24.0032.0042.ee.

80,0038.0031.0047.0043.00

__ 3.9,00...

Ting LOCATION TIhe ^f'CATlON T 1 * F

24.00 39.00 20.0« ^ I '38.00 16.00

10.00 53,00 6,00 I 54,00 0,00

14.00 30.00 16.00 • 40.00 20.00

26,00 46,00 2R.0 0 43.00 30.00

34.00 4 2.0*' 37.00 41 .00 30.00

.43,0? 38L00 47,00 .990,00 0,00

NIIH0E0 207 LOCATION 87,00TI HE LOCATION0,"0 81.00

37.00_____57.00

\l"E location TIHE LOCATION T I HFA. 00 6 7,00 33,00 50,00 34,001^.0? 40,00 _ ...5.5,0 0... . A 1 , 0 0.

46,00 52.«0 48,00 ' 31,00 30.00

34,00 48,00 36,00 47,00 38,00

62.00 44.00 e4,00 43,00 66,00

71,00 40,00 74,00 39,00 77.00

0,00 0.00 0,00 0.00 0.00

SHOT NUHREP 208 LOCATION 61.70

LOCATION61,0037.0033.00

TIHE31.0040.0032.00

LOCATION60,0058.0032.00 _ 40.00'

44.00 4 0,00

•999.00

LOCATION80.0036.0032.00

TIHF LOCATION Tl-E LOCATION TIhf.7.00 39.00 17,00 38,00 16,00

21.00 55.00 74,00 54,00 27.0030,00 31.00 34,00 30,00 3 6.0040,00 47.00 47,00 46,00 44.0040,00 43.00 30.00 A?.00 3 4,0038,00 39,00 6I.00 3R.00 63.000,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00

iON'4j ,~00 — ' .. . ... •--TIHE location TJMF LOCATION TIhf40.00 30.00 46,00 38,00 43,0038.00 35.00 36.00 34.00 34,0032.00 31.00 29,00 3".00 77,00

3630010981

49,PP 43,PI PI 41,PIP

• 999, API

24,12,PP

11,PP P,PP

4P|44,4P.PPP.PP

23,pp 7 , PP 1P.PP P.PP

47 ,PP 4 3.PP 39,PP P,pP

SHOT WUHBtP 21P LOCATION 37,AP

LOCATION TIHE LOCATION TIHE LOCATION

61.PP 64,PP 6P.PP PP.PP 39,(HP

37,PP 32,PP 36.PP 3P.PP 35.pp

33, PS 44tPP37, pp

32.PP 44,«P 51 .pp46,PP "“is.pp — 39,PP ' 47. JIB

43,PP 29,PP 44 ,PP 27,PP 43.PP

41,PP 21.PP 4P.PP 19,PP 39,PP

37,PP P.PP •999.PP P.PP P.pp

21 .PP P.PP 24.PP P.PP

T! Mf 3P.PP 4P.PP 4 ? , P Pi!s;pp26.PP 14,PPp,pp

|.MP

39,PP P.PP

LOCATION 5«.PP 34,PP 3P.PP

' 48.PP42 , PP 3P.P9 P.PP

1P.PP 7 ,PP

93,PPP.PP

TTMF 3*1.PP 46.pp 3 9 , P p '39.PP 93.PP P.PP P.PP

SHOT NIIHRE& 21 1 LOCATION 31,PPlocation

PP.PP39, OP 32.PP 49.PP44,PP4P.PP

T 1 PE 74.PP 82,P0 36,PP

LOCATION 59.PP 35.PP 31.PP 47.PP

41.PP 36,PP

43.PP 39,PP

TIME7p.pp6P.OP34. PP 47,PP'4P.99--35. PP

LOCATION39.pp 34.PPSp.pp46,PP

T?7Plr“39.PP

T I HE 99.pp 39.PP 32.PP45.PP

■357P3"33,PP

LOCATION' 37.PP 33.PP 49,PP 49,PPn .pp

•999.PP

TIHE OEPTHS and VELOCITY ANALYSIS SHOT2P3 AT STn, 54,P ANO SHOTjPB AT $Tn, «i,p niiABTEB_3_HnTS _ R_E C IP B 0 C_A L TJ_h_F_ 27 „*.SECS_

" XT 3PACING'P.P he'TPES

ATI ON apvl.tihe ARVL.TIHE T IMF. VELOCITY ANALYSIS

SH0T2P5 SM0T2P9 OEPTH

6P.P 24.6 7.P ?,P 22.P /

59.P 2P.P 12.P 2.5 17.5 p|p 9,3

3",«i.._____ LSaJL.. 1 6±P ?.*_____ isj’ . r_

57.P 13,P 19.P 2. P 11,p I 16.p

56.P 1P.P 21 .P 2.P p.p 19.P

55.P 6 , P 24.P i.y\ 4.5 22.5

TINE OEPTHS ANO VELOCITY ANALYSIS SHOT 9P 4 AT STN. 49.p ANO Sho/?P5 AT SIN. 34

OUARTEB shotsXT SPACI

STATION ARVL.TIHE AP SH0T2P4

31.P 6.P3P.P - 6.P

n- hM:Oil ap ’

'pecTpp’ocal tine

rqyP.p he t p e sr\TIHE TIhe

5HOT2P5 OEPTH1 4.P 1 .*19,P l.P

?P.P HSECS

VELOCITY ANALYSIS

7 , P 9. P

13.P 1 3.P

TIHE DEPTHS and VELOCITY ANALYSIS ?P4 AT STN, 49,P ANn shot?p9 AT STN, 43.P

TaPTFP SHOTS PECIPPOCAL TIHF 25.p HSECS

XY SPACING p.p hetpES

ST A TICw ARVL.TIHE ARVL.TIHF TIhe VELOCITY ANALYSIS

SH0T2P4 SHOT 2P9 nE’PTH

48, P 5.P 23.P 1.3 3.5 21.3

47 ,P i«.p 21 .P 3.P 7.P 1 6. P

46. P 16,P 18.P 4.5 11.5 13.5

45,P 2P.P 12.P 3.5 16.5 9.5

__22jlP 7. P 2.P 2P.P 3.P

TIhe64 ,nv37.PPSp.pp42.pp

-JFTPP- p.pp

TIHE OEPThs ano veiOCITY ANALYSIS SHOT 2 P 9 AT STN, 43.p »NO SMOT2lP *T STN. 37, P OHAPTEP SHOTS RECIPROCAL TIHE 27.P HSECS

XT SPACING P.P HE TRF 5

3630010982

SUTin "vl ,TT**tSH0T209

42.0 7.041. V 11.P4?.? L8.P39.0 24,038,P 26.P

ARVL.TImF 3nnT2tP 23.0 Pi .0

.-19.? n.p *,*

T I “F OEPTH 2.32.3

. *?,03.33.3

ANALYSIS

A.5 22.1

P.3 I 8.3

__IP.3 3.322,5 A,5

TINE OEPTM3 *.T) VELOCITY ANALYSIS SHOT 202 AT STM, 37, o ANn SHOT20I AT ST*'. 3| , 0

. ... O'lfPJiR. SHOTS pf.C IPPOC »L_ T 1 33^0 HSFCS»Y SPACING 0,0 METRES

STATION APVL.TIHE ARvl.TImE TIME VELOCITY ANALYSISSHOT 202 SHOT 2P1 OEPTH

36.P 7.0 30,0 2.0 s.o 28,033.0 12.P 23,0 t .P

1 1.0 22.P_34.e . ,i9.e, .. . IB*?___ .. 2.?- .11^. - 16.033.0 26,0 13.P 3,o 23.0 10.032.0 30.0 7.0 2.P 28.0 3..P

TtNE DEPTHS ano VELOCITY analysis SHOT 197 AT STM, 25.0 AMO SHD T 201 AT STM, SJ.P QliAPTE.fi SHOTS _ BEC IpPOC *L_T 32,0 HSE.CJ

XY SPACING 0,0 METRESATION APVL.TIHE APVL.TIHE T IME VELOCITY ANALYSIS

30,0Shot 197

28,0SHOT 20 1

7 . POEPTH1.3 26.3 3.3

29.0 21 ,P 12.0 p , 3 20.3X"

fKf.312.328,0 20,0 13,0 0,5 19.5

27.0 13.0 ?1 .0 2.0 13.0 19.026.0 9.0 27.0 2.0 7.0 23.0

TIME depths AMO VE1 OC I TY 1h"»L YS I SSHOT197 AT STn, 23.0 AMO SnOTlCli at STM. \ p, 0 O'.'AfiTEJ*. SHOTS RECIPROCALKinf 36,0 MSECS

XY SPACING 0.0 mftbeS ISTATION APVL.TIHE AfiVL.TJHf TIME VELOCITY ANALYSIS

SHOT 197 SHOTV 9B OFPTH24.0 9.0 1.5 7.3 26.523.0 13.0 2.0 13.0 23.0_22.e -J21.0 .. V9.0 ...2.0 _ _ 19.0 . I*.P21.0 J6.F 13.0 ' 1.3 24.3 11.320.0 r^ai.p

0.0 1.5 29.5 6.5

I TINE DEPTHS AND velocity amalysis SHn*T|9A AT STN, 10,0 A»n SHHTIQg AT STN. 13, p OIIAPTfB SHOTS PECTPOOC»L TIHf 31,0 -MSECS

XY SPACING 0,0 HETBESstation APvL.TIHF APVL.TIHE TIME VELOCITY ANALYSIS

SHOT 198 SHOT 1 Op OE°TH18.0 7, P 25.0 0.3 6.3 24.517.0 1 1 .P 21.0 0.3 1P.5 20.316.0 16.P 16,0 P.5 ..... 13.5 13,513.0 2P.P 11 .0 0.0 70.0 1 i .0

14.P 23,0 7.0 0.3 74.5 6.3

TINE DEPTHS and VELOCITY AN*i_YJTSSHOT2P7 AT STN, 67,0 ANO S h n T 7 I I AT STM, 31. PFAR SHOTS PECIPPDCAL TIhe 91.0 HS{CS

XY SPACING 2P, mftbFSSTATION AP VL.TI HE APVL.TIHF TImf VFLOrTTY ANALYSIS

SHOT207 SM0T71 1 ofptm

39,0 37.0 74.0 6.0 27.0 64,038.0 38,0 70,0 6.3 29,5 M .3

3630010983

37.P 40, 66,0 6.3 31.35fl,P 41,0 64,0 3,0 34,0 T7.033.0 43,0 62,0 3.0 36,0 33.034.p 46,0 60.P 3.3 3B.3 62.553.P 46,0 39.0 6.P 31 .052, P 30 , P 57,0 ’ S.JT- *17.0 40", 061 ,P 52,0 36,P 6.3 43,3 47.33P.P 34,0 54.0 6.3 45.3 43.349.P 56,0 37.0 6.3 47.5 43,3 •4 0,P 06.0 50.0 6.3 40.5 41.347.P 60,0 49.P 7.0 31.0 40.046,0 6},A 17.A 7.(1 ---- 53.7 ’ TUTU45,0 64,0 43.0 7.0 33.0 36.044.0 06,0 42.0 6.3 37,5 33.343, P 69.P 41.0 7.5 30.5 31.342.P 21.0 40,0 0.0 61 ,P 30,0

74.P 39,0 9*0 6 3.0 28. P40,0 77,0 36.0 9.0 66.0 2?T!p39.P 76,0 36,P P.3 66.3 84.3

TINE nEPTHJ and VELOCITY AN*lv3IS SMOT2P3 *T STN. 49,0 ANO SWOT2PP AT $TN, 1,0 * FAB SHOTS RECIPROCAL TI HE 1?7.P K3FC5

XV 'SP*CINC~2Ii; "FTRF5*STATION APVL.TIME ABVL.TIhe TIne VELOCITY ANALYSIS

SH0T2P3 SHOT20P OEpth35.P 46,0 109.P 12.0 32.0 93.034.0 40,0 106.0 11.3 34.5 02.333,0

... .106.0 12.5 33.3 91.3 /

"32.0 32.0 103.0 i 3.0 37.0-----“OP’.A —31 .P 34,0 103,P 13,0 30.0 08.030,0 37.0 102.0 14.0 4 1.0 06.029,0 60,0 101,0 13,0 43.0^x 04.026.0 63,0 100,0 16.0 02.0

___ 21.P 60.0 99,0 17.0 47 V' 00.026.P 69,0 99.0 10.5 4 0.13 7 8.5

.. ?3.f. 73,0 99,0 20,3 . ..30,3 . .. 76.321.P 77,0 97.0 W.3 53.5 73.5

... 23.0 ._0P,0 94,0 A.3 50,3 70,322.P 01.0 93.0 37,5 69.5-21.P _____82.P 90.0 /20.3 39.5 67,520,P .1 9, p 10.0 1 T , P 10.0 13. P

84 ,p 0406 00 9P.P

,P 88.P.0 <0 00.0 .0 LK 02.0,P | ' 7B,P

I 7 A . A

V-74,0 7 1.P

20.519.3 1".517.510.3 17,0

61.367.305.3 60,571.3 73,0

63,64, 61 , 58. 53, 62,

3630010984

Fortran jv ^H-rsoCORF.MJK, H1C« 112^921

hon 24.tPN.7n po:?7t SEISSF.OAJ.RSXJ |n«M .1

P a 0 F •' P 1 SX t inHAT.TNpt17.

ARRt ARA2 RRR3 PRO 4

crcccccr.ccccccccccccc

cr

RRR5RAR6PAR 7 JR RRR8 RRR9 A A J RA A I 1Rill 2RR 1 3V A 1 4 RR I 3 RR 1 6 RR 1 7 RR 1 8 RR 1 9 RA2 ARR? I PR??

RR? 3 PR? 4 PM? 8 RR? 7 RR28R R 2 0RR3RRM31RR3? 998

THIS IS PROP R A MMF SFlSSF ngvELUPt'O R Y J. MCINTYRE. AMIp, matheriy mjRlNr, 1975 ixn j97«.

THE PRPGRAhhr is WRITTEN jn FORTRAN 4 FOR HSF t'N A PI1PIJ/4N F ftRPUT f R ANO a CALCpMP 743 F L * I P E 0 PjnTTtR,

THE PROGRAmhF BEnilCFS ANp PI 0 T 8 SMSHTr RFFNAfT t)UI MATA USING THF r.f NFRAL JSFII HFrlPPOCAl. MF ThI’P (GWh) fPtLHrR, 1078J. PIOT3 OF THf TRAVEL T l HE CIIHVF3, VUnfJTY ANALYSIS ANO T ] Hf section are PRnrjucFn,

THIS is TF'F F'ATNLTNF PROGRAMME FROM rhICh OVFNIa|n SUHROUT JnF.S AHF CALlFO

SNAMF (3) ,GLOC (?P, 1 RR1 , ART (?fi, |HM1 , UOC ( H*8)0 1 HENS I TIN REAL LFNr.TH fOHMON/ARGI/ T S C * L F,xsCtlF,T MAX,3 T m IN,S T h a * CnMMON/ARG2/GLOC,ART,SLoc f

fr. Al L PLOT 3 (R, R, 4)REAn(|,|R,FRR»998)LlNE , F ni im <J , sn A ME , SnJi*-«>, n S Y hr format(12,F3.R,3A4,F3.m,121 ^TAIL SKALEfLENGTH.XLNr.TH.STjNT.NSYEFNUMR.FNIIHFITail TIUElLlNF. ,FNUMn,SNAHF,NSYMH,lfNf.lN,YLNr. 1H1 x • * l f. r, T h • . 3»u FNT.TH STINTtXSCAl

Tall HST ai.F ( x , y , r , S T j>*n , f nimr , Snanf ,smimr,3.,?.,-4 1 TAIL TNICHK ( IFY , >scAtF ,ST INI) Y.lEF<GTHr^y-THAX«T5r.AI Ffall Pifnfp. ,y,-))Tail AFffXf ifx , j . 1CALL T (jliR V F Y » T M A X •TSCALFa?.5 r tl.L PIOT 1R..-Y,-3)fail aploi (i f y , 1, i

•5I. 5 A

: a1f/,3937 \II. F ( x , Y , M, S T JF>n , E

Y.4.jF(NSYHn,i;T.3iY»Y*NSYMn-3. rti.u plot (r. ,-y,-3)C ai. L APLPTIIFX.-I.)CALL PIPT(r,,Y,-31 Call rEPuCF. (Y.FFN'IHR)CALL PLOT (R,,R,,999)STIFF*STOP ' SF I SSF FRROR'

Appendix 2

3630010985

foptran tv \,f.i c->»3ocore*iik, me*u;r,??i

min ?x-*pq./n p o: s 7 ! s t »p iaploi.ooj,hsxiiobat.lis*fsxi jntfln.tmp j is.

pppj

POP2 POP 3 PPP4 PPPfi

PPP7 PPP 8 PPP9 PPIP PP1 1 PP12

pp| 3 PHI 4 PHI5PP1 6 PHI 7 PP 1 9 PP2 1 PP? 3PP24PP?fiPP2B

PH?9PP3PP"J2

PP34

CCccr.cccccccc

ccc

cccccc

rcc

ccc

subroutine aplot (rrx.Ttmxi

TM|S SUBROUT I Nf PLOT S ,1. ABFL S A NO »mi iHHM TnF AXES FOR IMF IR»vF|T IHF CUR V£ 5 * T HF VFIOCITT analysis am> Tin l|H sittiiin.

Tup SUPRnuT I Nf IS I a- Inn sections. Imi first sibiihm pi ms, ia.‘fi*» ANn ANNOTATES The hioM7onT»l axis. tN| .^rown sm.IIiin Pi.iHS, i aim ls

ANn ANNOTATES THF VERTICAL AXIS.

SECTION 1 .......................THE HOP I 2 ON f AL AXIS

COMMON/ART, 1/TSC ALP ,XSCAlF,T-1AX,S1»tN,StAAX 1 NC • 1IF ISTmAx.LT.STmIn)INC*-1 I.S**8SfSTMAx-SIMIN)*l

PLOT TM£ HORIZONTAL AXIS, MARKING Thf STATION LOCATIONS,

2P

on 2P Nn*1,nS NeNN.t)(POS»XSCALF • NCALL SYMBOL(XPOS ,P.,.I 4C OMT I nl»FCam. symbol (P. ,b. ,.I 4,3

13,-'.,

p. ,-n

?!

AmwPTATF thF MOvMznNTAL AXIS, annoiuTFS A R F RFLOw IMF »*tsFoo Thf TRaVFI I I mf C"PvFS anq the vIMTITy a>*iysis, ano Minvr

Thf A*IS FOR TmF TIMF SFrTlOR, THF ANNPT A T I ON*^ARF r.FNTRf O ON T'M

station ior at tons.

Ho 21 Mn=1,nS,TFx rAS(NA-|T•INC ANESTMIN*N OFN»P,P9IF ( A p 5 f AN) .L T #IfAP,10FA * ** . B S IFfAh SfANI.LT. IP.I OF N«B.!'?!F(ak.lt.h.10F **a*ij* .P3 xpos*abs(n»xSCa I'M/*1 > f k'I F ( T 1*4 X ,GT .0.1 "fix MimmF.P f XPOS

IF (TIHAY.LT.P.lf ALL NiJMf-FRfXPuS COnTTniif

A■.?i14.

.1*7 , AN.M. P7 , A»',P, ,

- I I I 1

AXIS

'(NS-n«XSCALF«.fi-.7tF (T.IMAX.GI .P.JCAll, s > t-nni ( XPOS , - . 4" , P IF (I IMAX ,L T .H. 1 r Al.t STHBOI. ( XPOS, . 3i*, I

| , ' S T A T J •>*. Ml-MF R • , |I. , | A I • s T a T I 'IF I.IIMF N ' , A. , I X »

SFCIIOF ? .......................TMf VFNIlrAI AXIS

NTN*TMAX*TSCALC/f39J7*t

3630010986

Fortran jv vptc-(*.in ►■on ?4-apw./p p*(;{ ,*?CORE i|IK, 170,??) ami nr ,nu I, wi* )) oi^^i i s »g s x n no a T. t *p n * .

0033

003700300039

00400041 004?00430044 «04fl 004/

00 4 H 0049

00500051 005? 0053 003400560057 005R

0060

006 1 006?00630064 0063

IF(TT**')f,IT,o.)NTN«(M ►«♦!!/?CC 5f T VARIABLES FOR IfFT h««.p vFKTII'M axis C

».0,>l«-,37

*?■-.?«CC PI nT VFRT rc»l. AXISC?|5 f A| (. P10T(*,*.,31

Oq ?? nn»1,nTh M*NN-|YPnS*N»,3937IF(T1P**,LT,o,)VPns«— ypp5 CAI.L STPPIII (4, TP05, . t 4, 13, QO. ,_?J

?? CONTINUECC l AHFl MJ)C

CCC

23

Cccc

24

rpns»YPns/?.-,6Call SYHFjni (x*xifrpns,.io,'-iiLi TSF.rn*ns • ,oo., i ?)

ANNOTATE AXJ5

r>n 23 nnm,nt“A. SNN- |AN»N«,3°37/T6r. A|E YPOSiN.,3937IF(TIMix.LT.O,)YPOS«-YV>rS Tail No«BEp(XaX?,YP"S,.07 , AN Continue

IFfX.NF.O.inO TO ?4

f-11

SET VARIABLES Fnu IhE Rlr.WT HANO VERTICAL AXIS AM* X| IiMm ? I 5 FOR THE Fl"TlL/j\ OF T m t S AMS,

X » f NS- I I • X$C A| E Y|«.5?

TO S I A P

3630010987

FORTRAN IV Vf»|r.*3n I'l’N 24-APP.7P MR 1r.nREniK, u-ir■ 117^• P2i ^^BSCALF.onj.osmnHAi.urS'hsmntAB^PMF.

wool

0002

0003 RR04 00060007

0008

00090010 0012 00)4 0016 00| 0

0020 002?

0023 00?4 0023 0026002700280029003000310032003300340035

00360037003800390040004 ]004?

SUBROUTINE pSTALE fXV,YX,I, ASCALF , FfiMNP , SUABf , Sr unit , F MG , FLNG, -iPr n)

ROUT 1NF Tn OP Aw A BAP SCALE TFNTBEP ABOUT THE CPORf) 1 N A 1T S X,Y

(XY,YX) APF THE cnnwoTNAits X,T(H TESTS IF (4SCA1FJ TS C F n ) Imf TPF s of TNT.Mrs.ir TT 13 Mrt I F-unthii op

EOIIAI S 7FP0,CLNTir<ETPF.3 AWE Cno'vFMEIl Tn JNTHTS.IF A w IS P> inthM'INCHES ARF IISFO IMPFCTLT.

Ia.SCALE) Is THE OlSTANCF BETWEEN Oarhis offin|ni. a major t n T r SI r. T In I CFNUHB) IS THE FIRST NURRFP PEOUIRFO -AFTER (FRO A1 A -AjOP INTERSECTION (SNARE) is a LEFT JUSTIFIEO ALPHA nmhERTC STaTINI. Tut iinJTR OF IMF 3 r. AI f (SNURRI IS THE NIJHPEP nr CHARACTERS in (SNAHF)(FNGI IS TRf PFOUTPFP NIIHppp fir Hjjno GAPS OVF P THE LENGTH n» TI.F 5ri| r (FLNG) IS The REO'J I RE 0 NUhreb of major gaps To The tfFT of the 7fp(. pot*! (NPEN) The SUHBOHT TNE allows for A PFr thangf TE. ‘P|TF TMF WOCP STALE.IP

no change IS nfSlPFO (NPEN) ■ p op NOT Ptjr-CHFf- fir- capo immersion shame (.3)

TEST FOP TYPE OF UNITS NNllHB ■ SNl)HPIF n.Fo.O) C-0 TO IB PSC*lFaAsCAlF CP TO 16

CONVFPT IINJTS IB PSCALF. ■ASCALF»,3'T.)7FINO LENGTH aNP COOPUINATF.S of extpf-fs 16 7 10’ C • (FNr.-FLNr,)«FNiiHP

IF (71NC.GF .TB'A"O.)ni0'C».S. if (?lNr.LT.1P0BBt)0jr.c»t4 IF (7lNC.LT.1"OK,lPirr.,3 IF (7ir:C.LT.lon.)PINC*.2 IF (7lNC.LT.)0.)')INr.«.l IF (PSCAlE.GT.PINC) go TP ?H F NIIMP»FNUHP *2 ,PSCALEaOSCALF. *2.GP TP 16

?B TLPNC»FNG*rSCALE HLPNG»TLONr/2.B xnn«XT4HLPrG YPP•Y XXNN»XOO-TLONG C AI L PLOT(xnn,you TALL PLOT(XNN,TOP CALL PLOT (xnn.Yno,3)TALLJiLOT (XNN, y OP, 21ngy^Vi .

xsq‘LE/o.plot tkkpsett ion oashfs - ha np intfpsft t T’i-s

f

A

XXN»XUN*X.Sr ALFcall plot fxxn,yop,3)PYPAYPOfO.1 rAlL PIPT (XXN.OYP,?) XST ALF«XSCAI.F40SCAL f.

?!> Continue

3630010988

F OH T R A Ncore »i if . uir«ri7p,??i

MON P4.IPK.7K |KirM P»r.f *(«•.>PSCALF .OBJ.MRx HPHAT .1 I StMSX tl'iPAl . Tmmj i 7.

PP43 yscale •dscai.f/2.BB44 | NC,»FI NT

PP43 PB46 PB47 PP4R PP49 BP5H PPM PP3? PP53 PM 3 4 PM33 PP36

PP57BP39PP61PP83PP65PP67PP69PP7P

PP72 PP 7 3 PP74

PLOT INTERRFCTION OASHtS - MNQ» J n T £R sf C T I n* S no 3P m • j ,t«r,xxm»xnn*x3calfr*iL Pinr txxN,ynn,3)Uy«yOP«B,PftCALL Pi PT (»»►-,pt,?)XSCAlE»xsCUE*OSC*lf

3M CmnTJniiF J«1 I »Pysr*17 «P,»NuMP«FI.NG»FMIinn On 3PP f*1,nG

Balance dTr,iT5 about t n t f R R F r tI on dashts IF (XNIIhn.CE.IPPPa.T 1IACa.23 IF ’ (XNItnP.LT.'tPPPP.) TI*Ct,?“IP (XPIIMP.LT.1PPP.) TI7.Ct.l3 IF (XUUKB.lT.IPP.) TINC.1 IF (XUIImP.LT. IP.) TINC-.M3 IF (nsCALE.LE.(2.*TINC))Gn TO 4PP I »l ♦ IIF (L.Mf.nr.n in 99

C ALT III AT F X CnoPOlNATF OF (SNAMFI) SSTMe»XMK-TINC-(P. J*SMIU’P)-P.3

99 J»J*IIF ( J . ME . (7>G t t ) ) GO TO IMP

CAirniATF X CPP°PIN*T7 OF (SNANF.?)PP 7 6 PP 7 7 PM 7 R PP79 PPRP BP 8 2 PP83 PPB4 PP85 PPRfi PP87 PP88 PP89

PP 9 1 PP92 PP93 PP94 PP9 3 PP9fi

i. m .». - tjr^TSTmP"XOO*TINC *p.3

IMP XXT*XNN*XSrALF-TINCTn»too«p.?CAIL NtlMBFP ( F*T , YN,H. 1 , yM)„flif (L.r.T.LM.l r.n to i?*.XNIIMR «XMIMP-F NIIMHr.n TO 1)7

125 XNIImP*XNI'mP*FN|I7'B13P XSTAl F»XSCALf ♦OSr.Al.F 3PM COMTINUF

CALL SVMH1tail sy

IF (NPFc HF WPf M IF iPECIFIFD

CAil F1 f fi P f k1 ( n p F n )33P M“SC**0P-h|onc-m.4R

YOStYOP*P.45/ CALL RYhPOl (MMSC,Y»IS,M,J3,'SCALP',.».P,3I

v'apm pftijph ^ ' Fun

AYPHJL (SSYMH.TM.M, yM<m/ (TSYHB, Yf',«.F K'tXJ.M GO TO 33C

1 , SNA *F , P ,P , MNlU’.n 1

1 , SN A MF f M . M , IiNIU-R )

Y

3630010989

FORTRAN IV ,VP1C-CnRF.IIK, IIIC. 1170,??!

hits ?a-apn-7*I *M rim ,na j,ws«t iobai .1 I s«ks^»haT, 1 «t*i (».

0001

POP2POP3P0P4OOPfiA»*»ex7POPSpoor

hh| p

RllHWPIIT INF INtr.MK (in, *sc»l F ,ST INTI

cc ............... .................................. ...................... .................... .........................................

c •C THIS SI IH ROII T T NT r.MFOS THAT TMF STATION SPAr|N(. Hll AI.I.I1Wr I NOlir.H ROOT FOW THF station AIIMBFH (.24 INTO). IT THT SOArt'ir. ISr. Ton ci.nSF* Twf annotation. « t l i. o-n. r aopmh ns tv»ny 2'in statp'*.r. this annotation sPAriNr. is fohthfr cuftfh'..

cC .............................................................................................. ..c

IF V * ISSTINT«*SCAl.F

32R IF (S5T inT ,gT ... 2« 1 r.n To 3?i SSTlsT«SSTINT*STINT.,3<>3 7 IF«a IF l ♦ |r,n to 370

321 pfTIIRo f.NI)

ff

A

0

3630010990

FORTRAN TV ^^PlC-P.inCnRE«llK, HJ c «f17“,221

•■nh ?k-*pw-7P p>o• fH RFnnr.F .tipj.rsxt iohai .1 ISarsxi iiimt

P«GE M*1 .1 “Pl?v».

hpo tPPP2PPP3PBP4PPP5PBB6

PPP7PPB8PMPR

t»e» 1 | PHI 2 MI3 PP1 4 PR| 5 PR 1 7 P«! 9 P"21 PP?3 PP25

CCCr.ccccccccccrc

ccc

23

rrc

ccc

THJS SUBROUTINE HMDs the numbers of TT-p t:«u r*|PS to bo PfOUCFO. THFIR PfClPROr 41 TI'TF ANO Sun! TYPES, IMF •'ICR it? no interval. The RFERapior velocity ano a piotting t"‘’Tkni (niypm APF ALSO REAf) *■ 1 1 T "

The pair of shots is then rfouced msi>g thf grn a no vfLnciTY a halts is ani> iimf sf.cttom vaiofs arf pitiFtfo symbol given hy ntypf.

» RF FErE NfF FOR EACH Pair of SHOTS ts PLOTIFO HFTMH vIlocity analysis and thf iihf section graphs.

ALL C*LC"l A IFn VAjut’S ARF PRIhIEO o»j IMF ohtpoi

fHF PF S"l OS INC A

N 1 IIF

I I NO.

SUBROUTINE REPUTE I OS Y F M , F NiMR 1Pint NS ION r.L"t (26, tt'R), ART (?A>, I , *1 or r top)PI ME NS I ON Y A(PS), VP(26 T fYC126),X(POT DIMENSION TYPI(S)Common/ARGl/TSCALE,XSCA| F.tmat,S I m 1 n , s T n a * common/ARG?/r,t.or, art , si or

PfAO in ALL VARIA 0 L F S

RFA0f|,3,FRi'«PRP)*ISA,‘fS«,RT,lYPF,v,R*-IC,NTYPE roRMATf?I3,F|Pf4,SA4,?AX,F|P.4,F«.A,|?T IF(NSA,F0,P.ANO.NSB.FO.PJCO TO 7

RFOIlCF TmF SoOT NO'BFRS SO THAT THFY,ARF | FSS Iman 1/b

MNSA ansa mnsB »hsb ansa ansa AnsKawS"IF fNS*,Gl .3 O P)N S A AN VaV 3 h ^ IF (NS A .C I , ?0'«) NS A Aii/iJj..,

IF (NS A. Cl , 1 pal NS A \ PPIE(NSA,G I.3P‘>)nSMa><SP-Smp IF (N5R^C» ,?lM)NSn*NSB.?nv« IF (NS*CflO . I OH) NSB anSo- t MB

•'PI IE |hFA0IN'-.S p0R output

NP I IF (6 , S'M) NNSA , Si PC (NS a 1 , nnsr , sloc (nsb ) , T ypf , • I, pm {r., hns a ni.'.u FOPMAT Mh^,2.Ty, 'TIME nFHlMS AMO VELOCITY ANALYSJS'/IH ,|3> !shoI>

RU,' AT SIN.'.FS.I,* AFIO SMOT i,I3,' AT 51 n , • , F S . j / l h ,13*NS A 4 , ' RFC I PPOC AL I I *<E ' , F 0 , J , ' ISF.rS'/IM ,?£»», '»V SPaCIm; >’

R F3.I,1 metres '/1H , 7<, 'STATI on aRvi.TTmE1R, ' ARVL.fJME TIME VELOCITY AFAI YSIS'/IH ,NI7X, 'SHOT', Ii,4*, ' SMOI ' , 13,4X, 'Of PIh'1

F * L T11L ATF TpF. TERMS nf F OF O IN THE RF I'Mr T | ON FONNila ANO SFT INITIAL. CONSTANTS

3630010991

HIHTPAN IvCiirfmik, me«rt7n,p?i

i'I'n ?4»amm-7h pi:s«mh vtr.i-RFnnrf .op j,ws< i iphai .t ts.ws* i im-.it. i mm j :>•*.

pn?qPP3MPP32PP33PP34PP35PP3hWP37

P«3«PP4H PP4 1 PP4.I

c

r.ccr.

Ml«5

c

vr»a,IF (V.NF ,P, ) VCsOMG/V BMJG^WHJr./F NIIMH AHJN»1PPP.AHA *•-|PflP.r»aHMillNH»1

Finn Two peopmonf locations, p-af from mcm smm min' a of sfpanatio Hr the hikhaikin inifpvai

IF f »B$ (GLnr. (na.nSaw.i nr (nh.msh)) .Hj.H-TGinn m /i*f.p*nH♦iJF (Gl.nr (wt,«iVt) .F'j.-ogo, H.n Tn h r.n rn ap

HPR?nnR.lPPfi4

F T un t hf midpoint »'F Thrsf amp ensonf' ihii it is ‘a^a*' fho- i a r •< flF THF SHOT POINTS.

•PM44 7P r.POS* (Gl »c (MP , NSH 1 ♦Cine (NA , JS A 1 1 •, s

PP45 PP 4 7 PP49

PP5 1 PP5? PP53

PP5 4 MP56 PP58 PII6.V:

F f'SIIMF TmAT THF h T npri IK T IS FNnM THF ANF HPT AT FITHfP PF THF SHOT POINTS

a nr Mur|^Msr i:nvfM»r.r a»i>

73|F ( AHS f GL'T (NA , NS » I -SLOC (NS A ) 1 ,L T . AOS f r.pnv.si.n: (»>SA J 11 on Tn fS IF ((CPPS-Si nc (ns a > i . (r.P'ts-su’C (hsm>h ,r. r .m. t r.T in *IF ( (GPPS.FO. SI. nr (‘IS A I .nu.GPOS.FI^M nc (• .SHTI . ANn,«MTi;.FO.M. I r. i Tn

CALC'IIaTF Inf time PFPlH ANn Thf VFinrirr anaiySis vaimfs

:iA,nsa ) ♦AB1 (> H,NSH1-HT-Vr , , ‘ISA ) - Ap/fVrt ,»lS«l*HT)«,S 11 N.SR1 -ah/p^ , ns a I *n n • .s

TP».3»(AOTf:|A,NSA) ♦ A^I (A.H,NSH)-MT-vrl V A A■(AP T(NA,VIR:(APT(NM,

PI TFRMINF ThF LOCATION iif Tm£ VAU'ES aT Thf firs nr F.4CH P(.nT||Ni; Sfr.MtNvO

IE (rftnNlNB ( NSH1 .f.T . AM A Y 1 AM** ir.LPC (*'M , NSH I

IF (TlLOr (NA , .IS A 1 .OT , AH A > ) |M A < rr.LOC (HA , NJ A IIF (Gl or (Np , NSM .LI . AH IM AN lN»r,Lnr (mu , ami

IF (GlPC ( NA , NSA ) ,1. T . AM IN) am IN.r.LOC (NA , NS A)

<*F ITF Thf l.nr.AIIPN A*I|I Tnt' T ■* A v F L IIhF, Hhf hfM)i>, iti ANa| TSIS VAI NFS

HPtlF(('.fiHP)r,PnS,APT(NA,NSAl,APT(Nn,».SM1,l,l,VAA,VAH PMP fOHMATdM ,3*,RFtM.U

h«n* 1

vfi nr 11 r

CC FPph appays hhicm hoip thf vai.iIfs pfs"IIIni; fri'm ihf C kfol'CTinn OF FaCH PAIR C

3630010992

Fortran lv vpic-pso non ?4-apr./r p*r>E »par.nRtallK. "If • M7«,??1 RE fU'CF .OP I.RMlinnW,! |MfA1

HPR3 ya(n).vaa»TSC*LEPPP6 YH(Nl«vA8»TSCALEPPP7 YC (N)•.nSYMH-in.TRCALEPP88 XfNj^APSt.SAfGLnCtNAjNSAlAr.Lnr, fSH,NSP11-STMIN)»XSCAI

PPR9 « N A a N A ♦ 1PP7H lF(r,L0C(NA,N3A),SF.-909.)Gn Tfl R

Lc PLOT THFsE VALUES, nNF ARRAY AT A T T ME

PH72c

pn IP i«t,NPP73 TAIL SVMHOl fX(t),YA(T),.P7,NTYPE,P.,-nPPp 4 IP CONTINUEPP75 lip JEHP7 6 call symbol («m.TB(n..P7,STYPE,P.,-n

PP77 ?P CON T T NllFPP7B no 3p i»i,nHP 7 9 CALL symbol (<(I),YCm,.P7,sTYPE,P.,-1>PPBP 3P CONTINUE

t

cC arrange The REFERENCE SO THAI IT IS monI/mitacit rrniHM) ns eachr. PI OT SFGMFNT AM) AT A VERTICAL POSMlMh r.TVFN PY NJYPE

PPB t POP? PPR3 Pmr5

up R 6 PPB7 PP88 PM89 PP9P PM9 1 PPQ? PPQ3 PM94 PP95 POOR HP97

AmTYPE »nT »pF»i)OT«K5CAU*CABS(A«*IN-STMTN)*(ASAY-A‘'IAO/7.l-IFfAHIN.LT.ST«!H)»nnT««.ACAlF.«(STMIH-AHAA»(A»'iYnnr«-(.i♦as Iypt•. o i

plot THE REFERENCE T44

AMi*o r?,

r.Ai.u CALL t A| L r»ILcall

C AI L r.At l TALI r.o rn

7999

rr tups

ft

SVM(JUL (YPOT , YPI1T ♦ .JR, . a; , SJ.YPA - tlSYMROI (909 . , YlllIT ♦ , , 47|<^ shot hhahF.ws'1NIIMREP ( 9°9 , ,009,,.(*7,As! ><Vl. , -1 1 SYhnni(9oo.tsg9.,.i.;,i,^, P.,nNUMBER(990.,9Q9.,.P7,AS3H.M,1SYHRn 1 (YPOT v. I 4, YPOI , . 47 , IRECIPPPCAL lI**FtNllHpF.R(909./5m9,,,P/,RT,1A.,-n

SYMpni (ooo/^rto.,.PS,iAS.',P.,31

1ST

171

RFnnr F read frruw'

4 4

0

3630010993

FORTRAN CORE*lIK , njr* ti70,??i

hiin ?4-ipn-7p poisp;4SKA|.F,nHJ,R5l<tlOBAT.US

P AG F A'M *1 |OH A T.T HP I?,.

PWR|ppr2BRR3PHP4PRP3PRR6PPP7PRPOn«l | PRI? PP1 3 PR] 4 PR15PR, / PRIfl PR t 0 PP?H PR? I PP?2fp?,tRM? 4 RR?S

Cc ................................ ............................ ...................................... ..............ct THIS SIlRVOIlTlNf HFAPS SCAI FS AMO A * F S UM15 A|n TMFH tNFrA*.C that a Pi n T with siirH imhfnsions fits nun thf pi ast ic (av » *>a >•, C ' if THf PLOT is tnn lAPT.F , SCAI.FS A«F maivFO iihTH THE' PLnf |s C OF * 90ITAHIF M/f, A H f S S A r. F THAT Twf SFA|F IS IN FP«HI> ,* CvisHi C H». THE nilTPl'T.C

c ........................ *......................... .............................................c SUBROUTINE S K * L F (LFNGTH, X L F> (i T H , ST 1 ►*T , F’ S T H H 1

r OMMOn/APH 1/T SCALE, XSCAI.F,T1A¥,S1hIn,STFAX PfaL lengthRFAn(t,tR,FPP»PPR)TMTNT,T>»A*,STINT, STH,hts,HA»

IP F OP M AT f 3F|P,A I 1?) LFNG TH«?.S.r»<,N|.TMA*...sns7.,,.

IFfNSTH|i.r.T..I)l FNGTH.I ENGIH.NSTNP-J.IF (LFNG1H.1 F .34, )i;p TM |4 ►PITEI6.4R)TmInT.ThInT/?, m Tr< js

14 XLNr,TH,AHS{STHAX-STNTN).$T|NT.,.V}.T7 iFfTLMr.TH.i I..l«.7)r.0 Hi sp STJNT.STpn/?.

. HPT TE (fi,4 »14P FnpMAT (IPX, 'SC»LF TN FHPnP'l

(•II TO 145P TSCAl F.»ThU r».SOj7

xsr»l F «ST TUT ...AO,A 7 PFTIIPn

Qpti STOP »SK ALF PF AD F. R R 0 P 'F^n

0

3630010994

(BFortran Iv v«ic-M30C ORE■I 1K, UIC.(17P,27l

nnr' ?4.APP-7A “o:soti3 PAGE «RITCIIBVW .OR.I ,N5« 1 10RAT .1 IS«RSM 10PA 1 ,TMP| ?3.

PORI

POP2RRR3PRR4

SUBROUTINE TCURvF.

PR19 RR2R p»2 J PP22 PR23PR24 PR? 5 P R 2 6 RR2P MR29 PR 30 PR3 1 RR32 RR33 RR 3 4 RR35 PR36

CC <CCCCcccccc

THIS SuPBnuTINF PM03, WRITES AND PIOTS T«»V!|. TtwT n»!»,THE GFOPHOnE LOCATIONS* TPAVFL Tt“fS ANO SHOT |OCATION$ *RF

SlnPFO IN ARAAYS FOP USF Iw THE Rf Mllf 1 T ON SIIHBOMTINF 'RFliUCF'.the data is first r.nf cfn to fnjijrf th»t it fans "Ithin tht

PLOT BOUMIAPIFS, IF THf OAT* IS tN F R B OR A MESSAGE IS PPIhTFI) OH THF OUTPUT *N0 THE OAT* IS IGNOREO

dimension CLncf2S,irri,»rttrs,irri,sioriiprj,iepp(r) common/apt,i /tscale.ascai f,tma»,stmin,stma* COMM0N/AP0,?/r,U'r , ART , SLOC

Nt*0 And WRITS THE SHOT MIHRF.R AND ITS I0CATION

PPR3C

I P£A0(1,2,ERR»999)NSM0T,SHLr.N

PRR6 2 FnPM»T(13,FlR,4)TOPRR7 TF (NSHOT, EO.R. ANO. ShLCN.EU.R, ir.>)

RRRR WRTTE(ft,22INSMnT.SMLrN

PR 1 R 22 F ORM A T ( / / I P X * ' SHOT NIIHHFR * , 1 * , 13, 5*

CC Ensure that thf shot number is less

MR I 1c

IF (nShoT.TT . 3'»R) nsmot«NSHOT-3RR

PR 1 3 lF(N3H0T.r«T.7RPlHSH"T»NSM0T-?MR

PR 1 3 IF (NShPT.GT.IPP)nshOTrnshot-IRR

PRI 7 SloC(nShOT)«ShlCN

MR 1 B N(J» 1

'aiTraWAT SI 2 F 3 .

PlAO A NO WRITE IMF GFOPHONF LOCATIONS A HI) THF ARRIVAL TIMES.put This oata into *rr*t1\ r,i.or. ano apt.

2334

7 R

QSR

rM on ' , 4Y, 'TIME',3*nHOITffOOMAT (?* , 4 ( 1 ». 'LOr * T1 BE AD ( 1 i 4»iM0p»Q99) TfMP FORMAT A)write f6,’?r\te> p

FORMAT (flF IP,2)OO 3 J ■ I (7,2 IF (NP.LT,?7)Gn TO SR WRITE(6,RR)HShOTF0PHATI1H ,5*,'TOO MANY ARRIVAL TI^FS-

STOP K i J ♦ 1GLON.TEHP(J)*T»TFMP(K)r.Lnc (NG.KSnnn sglca Art (NG,nShOT1 * *T IF(GLCN.E0.-99P.)G0 TO I

SHOT ',13)

3630010995

Fortran jvCORE*!JK, HIC* M7P.22I

MON JM-ARN-7B HQ 1 r>0 I TCI'PVF .OBJ.RSXItORAT ,L l?1 jHTp

PACE "A7 rPSm !OPAT.TNP»?3.

PP38PP39PP4W

P04?P043 PP4 4

r scale this DATA and CMM-a THAT it LJfS WITHIN THF plot limitsc

X*ABS(ClCN-STwIn)»xSCAI f Y*AT«TSCALFTEfX.Cf.P.,ANn.X,LF.AHSrST«AX-STHIN).*SCA| . E.4NO.Y.C.F.P..ANO.Y.I JHaXMSCALEIGO to 3B WRITE(6,4RIGLCN,AT

4P FORMAT(|H ,S*,'0ATA IN fWROR•,2X,FIP.4,?X,FIP,4)

r.o To 5cC PLOT THIS DATAc

PP43 3P Hr,*Nr.*1PP4S Ta*-2PP47 IF CT.EO.o.IGO,TO 317PP49 IF(NC.E0.2)1A«-IPi* 3 1 CALL SYMBOL(X,Y,,04,4,0.

PP32 CO TO 3PP53 317 1 A*2(IPSA IF (NG.EQ.2I1 *"3PP56 CALL PLOT(X.P..mPOST 5 CONTINUEP038 r.o TO 3P039 2P RETURNPPSP 999 STOP i TCU9VE RF.AO ERROR*BPI51 EnD

T

3630010996

FORTRAN IV VP1C-B3I)C0PE»1\K, UIC.(178,22)

HON 24-APR-78 P9I3BI37 TITLE.OBJ,RSxnPBAT.Lt3.B8>

PPP1

PPP2 POP3 POP 4 PP8 3 PPP6 PPP 7 PPP8

PPP9 PPIO PCM I P81 2 PP1 4 PP I 3 PP t fi PM1 7 PP 1 8 PP 1 9 PH?P PP21

PP22PB23

BP?4PB?SPP27PP?8PP29PP3P

SUBROUTINE tITLE(L1^.FM.pR.SMAHE,NsymP,LEMGTc

CCC . Ccccec

ip

13

THIS SUBROUTINE pl°TS 1HE THE HEADINGS FOR THE TRAVEL ANO THE TIME SECTION.

BLOT TJTlF, The SI" time CURVES, THF vt

CnMHON/ARGI/TSCALF.XSrAI F , T 1A X , 3 T M ) , S T M A XDIMENSION TITLE(IH).3NahF.(3)

REAL LENGTHREADd , 10,ERR,99<,1 nI 11Lt ' TI TLE

FORMAT(12,18*4)WRITE (6, J 3) TITLE, l TNF ,F Mint), SNA RE Format(ini,18A4/im ,bx,'line no.•,i?.>7x,'sta

RE.1,P,3A4)X.XLNGTH*,3CALL PLOTC.73.P.,-3)>P.X.,5..43.NTITLl IE (XP.LT.P.)OU t'>CALL SYmBoI (XP,lENTTM,,43,TITLE,P.,7?)CALL STMR0l(XP*.P4,LENGTH,.43,TITLE,p.,72)

2P

999

XP.X-1,3CALL SYMBOL(XP,LENGTH-.n,.27,'LINE NO.',P.,8)

aline-lineCALL nuMBER(999.,090.,.28,ALINE,B.,-1)FAIL SYMBOL (XP*.03,LENGTH-,3, ,?7 , 'L T NJ, NO.'.P CALL NUMBEP(O99.,OOO.,.2fl,ALlNf,0. )CALL SYMBOL (X-).2%LENGTH-?. 73,. HUrR.VFL T T! CALL SYMBOL (X - 1.23 , LE NGT H-3.2 3-T SC jl. F » T m A * , . t

Y.lENGTh-2.*Tmax«IE(NSYMP.GT.3)V.Y CALL SYMB0L(X-.B4 return

STOP 'TITLE REAP

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CLERK. U.S. DISTRICT COURT

Exhibits: •PP_eL_____________Case Wo. 82-0983-CV-W-5

CLERK U.S.

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Case No82—0983—CV—W—5

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CARBON FLIERS ®QI7DOS@2 Ernf^S^DGDDDQODENGMORS - AROfJECTB - CONSULTANTS

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D 4,Case No. 82-Q983-CV-W-5

MEASUREMENT OF INWARD GRADIENTS CONSERVATION CHEMICAL COMPANY SITE

KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI March 25, 1987

The measurement of inward gradients developed by pumping wells is a component of

the pump and treat remedial action. It has been proposed that paired

piezometers be installed and utilized to monitor inward gradients across the

site. The attached sketch illustrates a conceptual design for accurately

monitoring on a continuous basis the gradient between paired piezometers. The

conceptually designed system has the following advantages:

o It utilizes proven technology.

o It is capable of measuring water level differences of less than 0.24

inches (0.02 feet) with an accuracy of +0.106 inches (+0.009 feet) or

less.

o The system is easily calibrated.

o The system can be continuously monitored by semi-skilled workers.

DESCRIPTION OF MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

The main component of the system is the pressure differential transmitter (PDT).

This component is located above the ground surface and measures the pressure

difference between the paired piezometers. This component (823 DP) is

manufactured by Foxboro and utilizes resonant wire sensor technology. The

accuracy of the component is +f).2 percent of span. A copy of the product

specifications is attached. The PDT is connected to static air lines which are

in turn connected to dip tubes securely fastened to each piezometer. The dip

tubes extend several feet below the lowest expected elevation of the groundwater

FSTCCC 1

3630009652

table. It is important that the bottom of each dip tube is installed to the

same elevation.

A second air line is connected to each of the dip tubes. These air lines are

attached to regulators which are on the downstream side of a pressure reducing

air valve which is equipped with a gauge to monitor the air supply pressure.

The air supply unit would be located within the treatment plant facility. The

flow of air through the system is regulated to approximately 1 cu ft per hour

producing air bubbles which travel down through the dip tube and into each

piezometer. The pressure in each air line will be equivalent to the static head

of water above the base of the dip tube in each piezometer. The differential

gfj* pressure in each dip tube is measured through underground static air lines

by the PDT.

The electrical signal from the PDT is monitored by a digital indicator located

in the treatment plant. The digital indicator is manufactured by Digitec and is

Model No. 2780X. The product specifications for this component are attached.

In addition, a strip chart recorder provides a hard copy permanent record of the

magnitude of the water level difference in each paired piezometer set. Both

systems provide direct readout in inches. The strip chart recorder is

manufactured by Foxboro and product specifications are attached.

The PDT component output can be visually verified by a pressure differential

indicator which is a Type 504 manometer that has scale graduations to the

nearest 0.01 inches.

3630009653

FSTCCC c

CALIBRATION OF MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

The PDT can be calibrated by closing valves in the static air line on the high

and low sides of the component. The PDT is then removed and a digital Model 530

ECO Series manometer is placed in the system. This manometer is capable of

measuring pressure differentials with an accuracy of +0.01 inches. Known

pressures are introduced into the system for calibration of the PDT component.

The digital indicator and strip chart recorder are calibrated using a Milliamp

Flow Calibrator Model 1028. The product specifications for this unit are

attached. The calibration accuracy for this unit is _+0.05 percent.

It is recommended that calibration of the system be performed twice yearly.

DIP TUBE ELEVATION

As previously mentioned, it is vitally important that the base of each dip tube

be installed to the same elevation. This process is performed in three,

measurement steps. First, the top elevation of each piezometer casing is

surveyed to the nearest 0.001 feet or 0.012 inches. Next, the length of each

dip tube is measured to the nearest 0.001 inches prior to installation.

Finally, during installation the dip tube is set to within 0.001 inches of a

predetermined mark on the tubing. All measurement work will be performed by a

registered land surveyor. Using these procedures it is anticipated that the

maximum difference in elevation between two adjacent dip tube bottoms would be

0.028 inches or less.

FSTCCC 33630009G54

OVERALL SYSTEM ACCURACY

The measurement system has been conceptually designed to accurately measure

water level differences that are as low as 0.24 inches (0.02 feet). A worst

case error analysis shows that the maximum error is j+0.106 inches (j+0.009 feet).

Therefore, the system is actually capable of accurately monitoring water level

differences of 0.24 inches (0.02 feet) and at the same time providing a

comfortable safety factor.

Potential errors are introduced in the following four areas of the measurement

system:

o Surveying and Setting Dip Tubing

o PDI 823DP (Foxboro)

o Strip Chart Recorder

o Calibration

Total =

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE SYSTEM

The system is relatively maintenance free as it has few moving parts. All

components of the system that would require replacement should a malfunction

occur are located above the ground surface and are readily available from

suppliers. The system has redundancy built into it as the digital indicator can

be checked against the strip chart recorder for verification of the electrical

output from the PDT component. In addition, the PDI manometer can be visually

read to determine the water level difference between paired piezometers.

Max. Error

jk0.028"

+0.010"

+0.015"

+0.053"

+0.106" = +0.009'

FSTCCC 4

3630009655

3630009656

PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL TRANSMITTER

3630009657

Product SpecificationsPSS 2A-1A3 A

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823DP d/p Cell TRANSMITTERThese 2-wire transmitters provide precision measurement of differential pressure and transmit proportional 4 to 20 or 10 to 50 mA dc signals. A version with frequency output for use with SPEC 200 input components is also available (Refer to PSS2A-1A3B.)

Resonant wire sensor technology provides signilicanl im­provement in performance and long term stability. Modu­lar construction simplifies servicing and helps to reduce spate parts inventory. This unique blend ol up-to-daie technology and product design, combined with advances in welled parts materials, piovides the process industries with dillerenlial pressuie transmitters having a new dimension in versatility

SUPERIOR PERFORMANCEThe 823DP Transmitter provides assured accuracy ol ±0.2% ol span, repeatability ol belter than 0 05% ol span, and excellent long term stability Combine this with minimal ambient lemperalure. sialic pressure, and over- range pressure ellecls and the result is unequalled over all performance.

RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE (RFI) PROTECTIONThe transmitter output is virtually unallecled by radio frequency signals (walkie talkies, etc.)

5-YEAR WARRANTYAll Foxboro resonant-wire transmitters are warranted lor live years against delecls in material and workmanship This 5 Year Warranty, combined with the transmitter s proven worldwide perlormance record, results in a lower cosl ol ownership

3630009658

loxnonc)©

19R5 by The Fo*bofo Company ^nnoItWorf Tmripmark

PSS 2A-1A3 APage 2

• HIGHLY CORROSION-RESISTANT SENSOR DIAPHRAGMS

Standard diaphragm malerial ol coball-nickel-chrome al­loy provides nearly universal corrosion resislance al no extra cosl. This alloy has proven ils durability and corro­sion resislance as Ihe force bar diaphragm in millions ol Foxboro d/p Cell Transmillers lor over 30 years. For addi­tional information regarding coball-nickel-chrome alloy, refer lo Tl 037-078 and Tl 037-75b Sensor diaphragms ol AISI Type 316 slainless sleel (316 ss). Hastelloy C-276, Monel, and tantalum are also available tor specific appli­cation requirements.

MULTIPLE PROTECTION FROM ENVIRONMENTS

There are Iwo separate compartments in Ihe epoxy- coaled aluminum housing. Each compartment has only one access, which is sealed to exclude moisture and cor­rosive atmospheres. One compartment is for the electronics, and Ihe other is for field connections. This eliminates the need lo open the electronics compartment during installation. The electronic circuits are encapsu­lated in one replaceable module that provides highly ef­fective moisture protection.

VOLTAGE SURGE PROTECTIONA power zener diode (transient voltage suppressor) is in­cluded in Ihe terminal compartment ol Ihe electronics housing lo prolect against a vollage surge.

ROTATABLE HOUSINGThe lopworks housing may be easily rotated to any one ol four positions. This feature enables Ihe user to position Ihe housing lor maximum visibility ot Ihe optional indica­ting meler, easy accessibility to the zero adjustment, or flexibility in locating a conduit run. A positive over-rotation slop prevents accidental damage lo Ihe sensor wires.

STATIC PRESSURE RATINGSlandard static pressure rating ol 20 MPa (3000 psi. or 200 bar or kg/cm?) is 50% higher than most competitive offerings. This satisfies almost all applications with slan­dard construction. Optional 40 MPa (6000 psi. or 400 bar or kg/cm?) rating is also available.

STANDARD FEATURESThe 823DP transmitter includes the lollowing slandard features which are normally extra cost options, or nol available, with most other brands ot transmitlers:

• Side Vents and Drains• Mounting Bracket• Vollage Surge Protection• High strength B7 alloy steel bolting• Epoxy Finish .• 20 MPa (3000 psi, 200 kg/cm?) Static Pressure Rating• Corrosion resistant coball-nickel-chrome alloy dia­

phragms• 5-year Warranty

OPERATING AND STORAGE CONDITONS

Operating Conditions

Influence

ReferenceOperatingConditions

NormalOperatingCondition

Limits

Storage andShlpplnq

LimitsSensorTemperature^)

24 ±2°C (75 ± 3”F)

-40 and + ^O'Ctb.c)(-40 and +250° F) —

AmbientTemperature

24 ±2'C (75 ± 3®F)

-40 and +80°Cft>)(-40 and + 180°F)

-55 and + 80'C (-65 and + 180°F)

RelativeHumidity

50 ± 10% 0 and 100% 0 and 100% noncondensing

Supply Voltage4 lo 20 mA dc

10 lo 50 mA dc30 ±0.5 V dc80 ± 0.5 V dc

Refer toSupply Voltage Requirements

Output Load4 lo 20 mA dc

10 lo 50 mA dc650 n600 O

andExternal Loop

Load LimitationsSeciion

«... , . ----------------- w = . ncici IU ru.wiu IUI siflnc pressures he ow thic vnluoF1 ""h«*«fielei lo Foibo.o

COWilh pvdl process covers: 66*C at 4 MPa. and 93*C al 2.7 MPa (150“F al 600 psi. and ?00’F at 400 psi)

3630009659

PSS 2A 1A3 APage 3

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS(Transmitter, with cobalt-nickel-chrome alloy sensor diaphragms;

at Reference Operating Conditions unless otherwise specified)

Accuracy (Includes linearity, hysteresis, and repeatabil­ity) ±0.2% ol calibrated span.Repeatability 0.05% ol calibrated span.Hysteresis 0.05% ol calibrated span.

Reproducibility (Includes ellecls ol hysteresis, repeata­bility, and drill over a 1-hour period) 0.1% ol calibrated span.Reference Span A commonly used span lor each sen­sor has been defined as the reference span. Performance specilications which vary with calibrated span are also given at the reference span. This provides more uselul in­formation than it these specilications were given only at the maximum span. The relerence spans are as shown in the table below.

Sensor DesignationReference Spans

kPa inH20 mbarL 5 20 50M 25 100 250H 125 500 1250

Drift (Over a six-month period) 0.1% of relerence span.

Overrange Effect The table below shows Ihe maximum zero shift lor a 20 MPa (3000 psi. 200 bar or kg/cm?) over­range pressure lor Sialic Pressure Rating Code 3. The ef­fects listed are doubled lor a 40 MPa (6000 psi. 400 bar or kg/cm?) overrange pressure with Static Pressure Rating Code 6.

SensorDesignation

Effect in Percent of:Reference

SpanMaximum

SpanL ±2.5 ±2.0M ± 1.0 ±0.5H ±2 25 ± 1.5

Ambient Temperature Eflect Zero shift and total effect (maximum elfect at any point in calibrated range) per 55°C (100°F) change between the limits ol -30 and + 80'C (-20 and + 180°F):

SensorDesig­

nation^) Effect

Eflect In Percent ol:Minimum

SpanReference

SpanMaximum

Span

M and H Zero Shill Total Ellecl

±3.0±3.5

±0.75 ± 1.25'b)

±0.5 ± 10

••"Double lire specified ellecl lor low range sensor. Sensor Desig nation t_.

•i’llolal ellecl lor medium-range sensor. Designation M, is ±0 90% liom -12 to 4 43°C (10 to 1 10°F).

RFI Elfect The output error is 0.1% of calibrated span lor radio frequencies in the range of 27 to 500 MHz and field intensity of 20 V/m when Ihe transmitter is properly installed and electronics side housing cover is on.Supply Voltage Effect The output changes less than 0.005% ol span lor each 1 V change within Ihe specified supply voltage requirements. See "Supply Voltage Re­quirements and External Loop Load Limitations".

Position Effect (Facing process connectors with trans­mitter in uprigtil position.) For a tilt ol 90° forward or back­ward. Ihe zero shill is less than 0.025 kPa (0.1 inH20, 0.25 mbar). For a till ol 90° left or right, the maximum zero shill is 0.75 kPa (3 inH?0. 7.5 mbar). These shifts may be calibrated out with the zero adjustment. There is no span ellecl.Vibration Effect The total eflect (maximum ellecl at any point in calibrated range) is 0.1 % ol relerence span at Ire- quencies up to 200 Hz and amplitudes up to 6 mm (0.25 in) peak-lo-peak, or lor acceleration up to 30 m/s? (3 "g"), whichever is smaller.

Static Pressure Elfect

SensorDesignation Effect

Static Pressure Change Elfect In Percent of:Relerence Span Maximum Span

7 MPa(a) 20 MPatbcl 7 MPat*) 20 MPa(bc)

L Zero Shill ’ ±0.35 ± 1.0 ±0.25 ±0.75Total EllectKfl ±0.5 ± 1.5 ±0.4 ± 1.0

M Zero Shilt ±0 15 ±0.35 ±0.15 0.25Total Ellectidi ±0.2 ±0 5 ±0.15 ±0.35

H Zero Shilt ±0.25 ±0.75 ±0.2 ±0.5Total Elleclid) ±0 5 ± 1.25 ±04 ± 1.0

<*•7 MPa (1000 psi, 70 bar or kg/cm?)<W20 MPa (3000 psi. 200 bar or kg/cm?)•^'Double Ihe ellecls lor Sialic Pressure Rating Code 6 rrrrAl any point in calibrated range.

3630009660

FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS

PSS 2A-1A3 APage 4

Supply Voltage Requirements and External Loop Load Limitations

4 TO 20 mA OUTPUT 10 TO 50 mA OUTPUT

Static Pressure, Span, and Range Limits(b)Stat

Fiic Pressu ill Vacuun

e Limits, and

SensorDesig-

Span Limits(Differential Pressure (AP»

Upper Range Limits <AP)(«) (Lower Range Limit Is 0)

bar orMPa psi kg/cm2 nation kPa lnH20 mbar kPa InHjO mbar

L 1.2 and 7 2 5 and 30 12 and 72 7 2 30 7220 3000 200 M 6 and 36 25 and 150 60 and 360 36 150 360H 30 and 180 125 and 750 300 and 1800 180 750 1800

40 6000 400M 6 and 36 25 and 150 60 and 360 36 150 360H 30 and 180 125 and 750 300 and 1800 180 750 1800

(•(The measurement corresponding lo minimum oulpul may be suppressed up to 150% ol calibrated span; upper range value must not exceed range limit ol sensor.

MWith pvdl process covers, maximum static pressure is 4 MPa (600 psi).

Calibration AdjustmentsZero An external adjustment screw is located behind a protective hinged cover.Span Coarse and line span adjustments are in the electronics compartment.

Output Action Adjustment Reverse output is select­able by moving two jumpers trom "F" (Forward) position to “R" (Reverse) position. Jumpers located on elec­tronics module behind hinged access cover.Volumetric Displacement tor Full Scale AP Less than 0.16 cm3 (0.01 in3) lor all sensors.Mounting Position May be mounted in any orientation.Output Signal 4 to 20 or to lo 50 mA dc. See PSS 2A-1A3 D lor frequency-output version lor use wilh SPEC 200 systems.

Overrange Limit To maximum static pressure limit.Adjustable Damping Damping is set by positioning a jumper (located in the electronics compartment) in one ol three positions. The jumper positions are designated L, M. and H lor low, medium, and high damping, respec­tively. Response times and nominal frequency response at a magnitude ratio ol -3 dB are as follows:

JumperPosition

Frequency Response (Hz)

ResponseTime(»)

L 1.0 0 5M 0.3 1.5H 0 1 5 0

•">Time in seconds required lor a 90% recovery Irom an 00% In put step as delmed in ANSI/ISA SSI .1 (1979).

3630009661

■ • t

PSS 2A-1A3 APage 5

Suppressed-Zero Range The measurement value cor­responding to minimum output may be as high as 150% o( calibrated span. The amount ot zero suppression plus calibrated span cannot exceed the upper range limit ol the sensor used.Compound Range For ranges which cross zero (com­pound ranges), a maximum ol 20% ol input span, or 1.5 kPa (6 inH20 or 15 mbar). whichever is greater, can be below zero.

MAXIMUMLEVEL

MINIMUMLEVEL

HIGH LOW

Typical Range:

0.5 to 2.5 metres head of water 20 to 100 inches head of water

Typical Suppressed-Zero Range Application

Elevated-zero range applications, such as closed tank level measurement with a seal liquid in the outside leg (wet leg), are handled simply by reversing the transmitter connections as shown below, thus avoiding negative dif­ferential ranges. This now becomes a suppressed-zero range calibration and the desired output action is se­lected with the output-action jumpers located in the elec­tronics compartment.

0.75 to 0.15 metres head of water 30 to 5 inches head of water

Typical Elevated-Zero Range Application

PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Data Plate Stainless steel data plate fastened to elec­tronics housing with tapping screws. Includes space for customer tag data up to a maximum of 32 characters and spaces. For additional space, see optional Customer Tag.Process Wetted Parts Materials

Sensor Coball-nickel-chrome alloy (standard), 316 ss. Haslelloy C-276, Monel, or tantalum, as speci­fied. Refer to Tl 037-078 and Tl 037-75b for information regarding the universal corrosion-resistant properties of the standard cobalt-nickel chrome alloy sensor material.Process Covers 316 ss, cadmium-plated carbon steel. Hastelloy C. Monel, or pvdf, as specilied. Process Connectors The process connectors are of the same material as the process covers.Process Connector Gaskets

Static Pressure Code 1 None Static Pressure Code 3 pile Static Pressure Code 6 Glass filled pile

Sensor GasketsStatic Pressure Code 1 Integral pvdl Static Pressure Code 3 and 6 Glass-filled pile

Nonwetted Parts MaterialsBody and Process Connection Bolting High- strength alloy steel bolts per ASTM A 193 B7 and nuts per ASTM A 194-2H. Type 17-4 PH stainless steel boil­ing is used when Hastelloy C process covers are speci­fied. See "Optional Features" for 17-4 PH or B7M boiling for use with other process cover materials. Housing The housing and its covers are die-casl low copper-aluminum alloy finished with blue epoxy coat­ing The covers are threaded and seal on Buna N O- rings.Sensor Fill Fluid Silicone oil (DC200) or inert fluorinated hydrocarbon liquid (Fluorinert FC 77), as specified.

Environmental Protection The transmitter housing is weatherproof and dustlighl as defined in IEC IP65 and provides the environmental protection of NEMA Type 4.Mass (approximate)

Static Pressure Code 1 6 8 kg (15 lb)Static Pressure Code 3 7.7 kg (17 lb)Sialic Pressure Code 6 11.1 kg (24.5 lb)

3630009662

PSS 2A-1A3 APage 6

MODEL CODE

823DP = TransmitterOutput Signal

: -I = 4 to 20 mA dc -H = 10 to 50 mA dc

Static Pressure Rating and Process Cover Material 1P = 4 MPa (600 psi, 40 bar or kg/cm?), pvdl (Process Connector Code 7 only)3K = 20 MPa (3000 psi, 200 bar or kg/cm?), carbon steel (cs)3S = 20 MPa (3000 psi, 200 bar or kg/cm?). 316 ss3C = 20 MPa (3000 psi. 200 bar or kg/cm?), Haslelloy C. (With Process Connector Codes 2, 4, and 0 only)3M = 20 MPa (3000 psi, 200 bar or kg/cm?). Monel6K = 40 MPa (6000 psi, 400 bar or kg/cm?), cs (Span Limit Codes M and H only)6S = 40 MPa (6000 psi, 400 bar or kg/cm?). 316 ss (Span Limit Codes M and H only)

Sensor Fill Fluid1 = Silicone oil2 = Fluorinert

Sensor Welled PartsN = Cobalt-nickel-chrome alloy (standard)S = 316 ss C = Haslelloy C-276 M = MonelT = Tantalum (Static Pressure Codes 1 and 3, and med. and high span limits only)

Span LimilsL = 1.2 and 7.2 kPa (5 and 30 inH20, 12 and 72 mbar) AP (Sialic Pressure Code 3 only)

M = 6 and 36 kPa (25 and 150 inH?0, 60 and 360 mbar) AP H = 30 and 180 kPa (125 and 750 inH20, 300 and 1800 mbar) AP

Process Connectors1 = Tapped lor 1/4 NPT2 = Tapped for 1/2 NPT3 = Tapped for R1/44 = Tapped lor R1/25 = None, process covers machined for 9/16-18 Aminco fitting. (Static Pressure Code 6 only)6 = Weld neck for 14 x 21 mm tubing (1/2 in Schedule 80 pipe) (Sialic Pressure Codes

3K. 3S. and 3M only)7 = None, pvdl covers lapped for 1/2 NPT (for Pressure Rating Code 1P only)0 = None (Standard process covers are tapped lor 1/4 NPT)

Optional Selections-A = Indicator with 0 to 100% unilorm scale -B = Indicator with 0 to 100% square-root scale -C = Indicator with scale per sales order -D = Indicator with 0 to 10 square-root scale -Y = Delete mounting bracket

Example: 823DP-I3S1NM2-B

3630009663

PSS 2A 1A3 APage 7

PRODUCT SAFETY SPECIFICATIONS

Electrical ClassificationTesting Laboratory, Types ol

Protection and Area Classification Conditions of CertificationElec. Class

CodeBASEEFA certified Ex n lor IIC, Zone 2. 4 to 20 mA output. Connect to source not ex­

ceeding 45 V. Temperature Class T4 in 80”C am­bient, or T6.

CS-E/BN-A

BASEEFA certified intrinsically sale EEx ib lorIIC. Zone 1 (CENELEC).

4 to 20 mA oulput. Connect to BASEEFA-cerlilied inlrinsically sale associated apparalus. Tempera­ture Class T4, T5, or T6.

CS-E/PB-E

CSA certified inlrinsically sale apparatus lorClass 1, Groups A, B. C. and D. Division 1; andClass II. Groups E. F. and G. Division 1.

4 to 20 mA output. Connect per Tl 005-105. Tem­perature Class T6.

CS-E/CB-A

CSA certified intrinsically sale apparatus lorClass 1, Groups A. B. C. and D, Division 1.

4 to 20 mA output. Connect to CSA-certitied bar­riers rated 33 V, 415 O; 30 V. 300 O; 28 V240 O. 26.7 V. 200 O; or 20 V, 70 O. Tempera­tureClass T4A.

CSA certified intrinsically sale apparalus lorClass 1. Groups C and D. Division 1.

4 to 20 mA output. Connect to CSA-certitied bar­riers rated 33 V, 185 D; 30 V, 130 O; 28 V. 115O; or 20 V, 30 O. Temperature Class T4A.

CSA certified explosionptoo! apparalus lor ClassI. Groups B, C, and D, Division 1; and dust- ignition proof apparalus lor Class II. Groups E. F. and G. Division t.

4 to 20 oi 10 to 50 mA oulpul. TemperatureClass T6.

CS-E/CD-A

CSA cerlilied suilable lor use in Class 1. GroupsA. B. C. and D, Division 2 locations /FM cerlilied inlrinsically sale apparalus (or Class 1. Groups A. B. C, and D, Division 1; and Class II, Groups E and G. Division 1.

4 to 20 mA oulpul Connect per Tl 005-tot. Tem­perature Class T6.

CS-E/FB-A

FM cerlilied inlrinsically sale lor Class 1. Groups C and D. Division 1; and Class II, Groups E and G. Division 1.

4 to 20 mA output Connect to Honeywell 38 bar­rier. Refer to Tl 005-101 lor barrier types and groups Temperature Class T6.

CS-E/FB-H

FM cerlilied inlrinsically sale lor Class 1. GroupsA. B. C. and D. Division 1; and Class II, Groups E and G. Division 1.

FM cerlilied explosionprool apparatus lor Class 1. Groups B. C. and D, Division 1; and dust-ignition- prool apparalus tor Class II, Groups E and G,Division 1

4 to 20 or 10 to 50 mA oulput. TemperatureClass T6.

CS-E/FD-A

FM cerlilied nonincendive apparalus lor Class 1, Groups A. B. C, and D, Division 2, and Class II, Group G. Division 2.

LCIE cerlilied llameprool combined wilh intrinsic salely EExd |ia| lor IIC, Zone 1.

4 lo 20 mA oulpul. Temperature Class T6. CS-E/ID-E

PTB cerlilied inlrinsically sale apparatus EEx ib lor IIC. Zone t (CENELEC) Also accepted lor use in all EEC member countries and in some CENELEC member countries outside the EEC. BASEEFA syslems certificates have been ob­tained to permit connection with approved Zener barriers or wilh olher Foxboio associated sale- area apparatus. Beler to Foxboro

4 to 20 mA oulpul. Connect to PIB cerlilied In­trinsically sale associated apparalus. Tempera lure Class determined by power (Ps0.56 W. T6; Ps0.75 W, T5; Ps 1.20 W. T4).

CS-E/PB-E

SAA cerlilied intrinsically sale Ex ib lor IIC Zone 1. 4 lo 20 mA oulpul Conned per drawings15001FL and 15001EL. Temperalure Class T6.

CS-E/AB-A

SAA cerlilied llameprool Ex d lor IIB Zone t. 4 lo 20 mA or 10 lo 50 mA output. Temperature Class T6

CS-E/AD-A

36300096G4

PSS 2A-1A3 APage 8

OPTIONAL FEATURES

Optional Feature Description AS Reference!*)Bypass Manifolds A vaiiely ol 1- and 3 valve, integrally mounted manilolds is available. In

addition, an optional Manilold Mount allows transmiller and impulse piping to be supported by the manilold, making installation and/or re­moval quick and easy.

Reler loPSS 2B 1Z2 A

Integral Flow Orifice For measurement ol extremely low How rates. Many standard or if ice bores ate ottered. In-line type and U bend type are available.

Reler toPSS 3 5A1 B and

PSS 2B-1Z3 A

Integral Sleam Tracing Insulating enclosure with steam tracing. Not available with Sialic Pres­sure Codes 1 and 6.

ISTR-2

Stainless Steel Bolling Type 17-4 PH stainless sleel bolls lor process connectors and bolts and nuts tor body bolting (standard with Static Pressure Code 3C).

SSB

Stainless Sleel Mounting Bracket Bolling

316 ss boiling through mounting brackets to transmitter. SSB A

12.0 V dc Minimum Supply Voltage

A plug in jumper is provided in the test jacks on the lield wiring connec- lion terminal block, 4 lo 20 mA versions only, to allow an addilional25 Q external load Not available with optional indicator

SB-12V

Preparation lor Oxygen Service

Transmitter is cleaned, assembled, calibrated, and packaged in a clean room, or using acceplable alternative facilities. Includes Fluorinerl (ill (or Ihe sensor and oil-ltee pile gaskets tor sensor and process connectors.Nol available wilh carbon steel process covers

OS FC

Special Degreasing Transmiller is cleaned and packaged as above, but the sensor has slan dard (silicone oil) lill. NOT FOR USE ON OXYGEN. CHLORINE, OR OTHER FLUIDS THAT MAY REACT WITH SILICONE OIL

OS W

Preparation lor Chlorine Service

Cleaned and packaged as above. Includes Fluorinerl lilt lor sensor and oil tree pile gaskets lor sensor and process connectors. Not available wilh carbon steel process covers Process covet bolls and nuls. and process connector bolls are 17-4 PH stainless steel

CLS

Compliance lo NACE Standard MR 01-75

The National Association ol Corrosion Engineers (NACE) StandardMR Ot-75 (1980 revision) covers metallic requirements lor resistance to suilide stress cracking. This option includes process wetted parts selec­ted lo comply wilh Ihe standard. Standard non-process welled boiling complies wilh NACE MR 01-75. Class III.

MR 01

Compliance lo NACE Stan­dard MR 01-75. Class II

The National Association ol Corrosion Engineers (NACE) Standard MR- 01-75 (1980 revision) covers metallic requirements lor resistance lo sul- tide stress cracking This option provides non process welled boiling in compliance wilh NACE MR Ot-75, Class It.

B7M

Etmelo Connector Process connector with either 1/4 or 1/2 male Ihiead, for use with either 6 or 12 mm tubing: in carbon sleet or 316 ss.

ERM-1 (6 mm)EBM-2 (12 mm)

Metric Conduit Adapter Adapter lo permit connechng to M20 x 1.5 metric conduit thread MCTCCustomer Tag Stainless sleel lag wired to transmitter lor customer tag dala that

doesn't lit on dala plale. There can be a maximum ol 10 lines ol dala wilh 40 characters and spaces per line.

MTS

PG11 and PG13 5 Trumpet Connection

A PGt 1 or PG13 5 electrical cable connection is attached lo the lopworks base Connection provides a smooth trumpet shaped entrance and strain relieved support lot open cable wiring The PG11 is recom­mended lor cable diameters horn 0 to 12 mm The PG13.5 is recom mended lor cable diameters Irom 9 lo 14 mm.

PG11 or PG13.5

Electrical Connector Brass Hawke-type cable gland with 1/2 NPT external thread. HCGGold Plated Sensor For hydrogen service applications GPS

t'lWhen ordering an option, add AS Reference lo Model Code. Example: 023DP-I3S1NM2-B. AS Relerence SSB

3G30009665

• * PSS 2A-1A3 APage 9

DIMENSIONS—NOMINAL

ALL MODELS EXCEPT 823DP-niP (Transmitter with pvdl Process Covers)

©

HOUSING CAN BE ROTATED IN 90* INCREMENTS

PROCESS CONNECTIONS:

1. CONNECTORS TAPPED FOR 1/4 OR 1/2 NPT, OR R 1/4 OR 1/2.2. CONNECTIONS PREPARED FOR 1/2 SCHEDULE BO PIPE. OR 14 X 21 mm TUBING WELDING NECK.3. NO CONNECTORS; COVERS TAPPED FOR 1/4 NPT. OR 9/16-18 AMINCO (STATIC PRESSURE CODE 6). •

NOTES:

1. PROCESS CONNECTORS CAN BE INVERTED TO GIVE 51 mm 12 in). 54 mm (2 1/B in). OR 57 mm (2 1/4 in) CENTER-TO-CENTER DISTANCE BETWEEN HIGH AND LOW PRESSURE CONNECTIONS

2. PLUGS AND PROCESS CONNECTORS CAN BE INTERCHANGED OR PROCESS CONNECTORS MAY BE RE MOVED AND CONNECTION MADE DIRECTLY TO THE TRANSMITTER BODY WHICH IS TAPPED FOR 1/4 NPT

3. VERTICAL CONDUIT (SUPPLIED BY USER) TO AVOID ACCUMULATION OF MOISTURE IN TERMINAL BLOCK ENCLOSURE

Sialic Pr«uur« Rating A B C

20 MPa 13000 pn. 200 bar or kg/cm*) 1375.4

1194 7

2228.8

40 MPa 16000 pit. 400 bar or kg/cm1 ) 1526.0

1275.0

2379.3

3630009666

• 0.

PSS 2A-1A3 APage 10

DIMENSIONS—NOMINAL (CONT.)

TRANSMITTERS WITH pvdl PROCESS COVERS. MODEL 823DP-mP (SEE PAGE 10 FOR ADDITIONAL DIMENSIONS AND DETAILS)

ORDERING INSTRUCTIONS1. Model Number2. Electrical Classilicalion3. Calibrated Dillerenlial Pressure Range4. Optional Features5. Tag

3630009667

PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL INDICATOR

3630009668

® Type SJ Vertical Manometers

These high pressure range of manometers are suitable for wall mounting or free standing with use of the optional bench stand. Fluid zero adjustment feature provided.

.J i

TO ORDERCatalog No. Modal Rang* Prlc*

AF 12301 SJ8 6 Ip. W.G. * 96.00AF 12302 SJ12 12 In. W.G. t 99.00AF 12303 SJ16 16 In. W.Q. *105.00AF 12304 SJ24 24 In. W G. *117.00AF 1232)5 SJ36 36 In. W.G. (127.00AF 12306 SJ15 15 In. Hg. *259.00AF 12307 SJ30 30 In. Hg. *299.00AF 12306 SJ Bench Stand * 63.50

“U” Tube ManometersThese simple gauges are useful for applications where the pressure can vary either way about zero. These instruments are suitable for wall or panel mounting and are supplied with W compression joints for pressure lines or can easily be adapted to accommodate flexible push on tubing.

TO ORDERCatalog No. Mod*l Range Prlc*

AF 12309 120 12 In. W.G. *109.00

Type 504 Manometers Filter Loss GaugesThese Instruments feature a 10* scale length. The gauge is suitable for wall or panel mounting. Included is built in level, mounting hardware, manometer fluid and fluid level zero adjustment control. An optional bench stand with leveling adjustment Is available.

AF 12315 604 Bench Stand * 36.50

Two types are available: the FL 1.5 Inclined gauge for general use. and the FL4 vertical gauge for higher pressure work. Scales are movable for zero adjustment. Both gauges are supplied with a mounting kit comprising: 7" flexible tubing, a pair of self sealing duct connectors, filter clean and filter dirty self adhesive labels, manometer fluid and self tapping screws. ’

TO ORDERCatalog Ho. Mod*! Rtfi]» Prlc*

AF 12318 FL1.5 1.5 In. W.G. *35.00AF 12317 F14 4 In. W.G. *39.00

Pitot Static TubesConstructed throughout of stainless steel, these tubes are suitable for continuous use at up to 1022°F. For permanent installation sizes 6 foot and smaller can be supplied with a moveable gland lifted over the stem. Tubes over 9 foot are jointed in the middle to ease portability.

Catalog. Tub*Ho. length die.

AF 12316 AF 12319 AF 12320 AF 12321 AF 12322 AF 12323

ir1T 19' 31V.* 39'V4'

AF 12324 S' AF 12325 6' AF 12326 7'

4 mm. 4 mm.v.r

Vu"VVw*;•

TO ORDERH**d Catalog. Tub* Huddi*. Prlc* No. Length dl». dll.

2.3 mm. *117.00 4 mm. t 94.00 V.r *105.00 *«•' ' *123 00V.r *136.00V *175.00V *195.00

*250.00H’ *335.00

AF 12327 8' V.’ H*AF 12326 9' V.* VAF 12329 10' I’// H’AF 12330 ir IV.’ H’AF 12331 12' IV.’ VAF 12332 13' IV.' WAF 12333 14' IV.’ 45-AF 12334 Pitot Tub* Gland

Prlc*

S 349.00* 372.00* 445.00 *1119.00 *1159.00 *1209.00 *1239 00 t 19.50

Measure air velocity In ducts.

29

DIGITAL INDICATOR

3630009670

Process MonitorsFixed Scaled and Offset - 31/2 digit

; input Levels•- * ..i., »^.,vjk'S.v ■; a.-v' *vJ Vij-rW,

MODEL 2770X

READING

Specify range and reading with decimal location for display values of 0 to 1999 digits. Other offset and scale factors are available. Conlacl factory for additional Information,

±1999RESOLUTION & REPEATABILITY 1 part 2,000ACCURACY

@ 23’C ±3*C <85% r.h. ±0.1% Rdg. ± 0.05% F.S.NORMAL MODE REJECTION

@ 50/60 Hz >35 dBOVERLOAD PROTECTION 250V 10 mA T 40 mA 100 mARESPONSE TIME <850 msTEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT ±0.005% Rdg. ±0.015% F.S.

Field Adjustable Scaled and Offset - 31/2 digit(Max. Full Scale Sanaltlvlty)

PANEL METER NO. 2770-01 2770-01ADAPTER NO. 2785-00 2785-01MAXIMUM READING ±1999 for Full Scale inputMAXIMUM OFFSET (BIPOLAR) Up to two (2) times range with Internal ±6.2 volt reference.RESOLUTION & REPEATABILITY 1 mV 10 mVIMPEDANCE 1,000 MnACCURACY

@ 23°C ±3*C <85% r.h. ±0.055% Rdg. ± 0.05% F.S.INPUT BIAS CURRENT

@ 23"C ±3"C <85% r.h. 6 nA 10 nANORMAL MODE REJECTION

@ 50/60 Hz >60 dBOVERLOAD PROTECTION ±100VRESPONSE TIME <3 sec | <1 secTEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT ±0.005% Rdg. ±0.01% F.S.fCANALOG OUTPUT 100 mV/1 digit ±1% Output Impedance: 1000

<

Process MonitorsWHATEVER YOUR PARAMETER, DigiTec Process Monitors otter a self-contained instrument that will read directly In your engineering units. These panel meters measure current or voltage from transducers or transmit­ters to display Pressure (PSI), Force (lbs) or other physical parameters. Two basic versions are available: a factory programmed instrument scaled and/or offset to meet your specific application, and a field adjustable instrument that permits you to scale and offset as required. In addition to

the voltage and current instruments presented here, DigiTec also offers process monitors which convert the output of pulse producing transducers to display Rate (RPM). Flow (GPM), Totals (Gals, bbls), Draw (ratio), Time or other units. Detailed specifications for these instru­ments are given in a separate Factoring Counter/Timer brochure available from our local representative in your area. All models operate from 115/230V ac, 50/400 Hz or 5Vdc.

"For ordering inlormation. see ORDERING YOUR PANEL METER, page 15."(

B3630009671

• Field adjustable or fixed• 1-5V, 1-5 mA, 4-20 mA, 10-50 mA standard• Other inputs optional

Fixed Scaled and Offset - 4V2 digit

MODEL 27B0X

READING

Specify range and reading with decimal location for display values of 0 to 11,000 digits Other offset and scale factors are available. Contact factory for additional Information.

_________ ■ ±19999RESOLUTION1 part In 20,000ACCURACY

@23“C ±3*C <85% r.h. ±0.05% Rdg. ± 0.005% F.S.NORMAL MODE REJECTION

__@ 50/60 Hz >40 dBOVERLOAD PROTECTION RESPONSE TIME

500V 10 mA 40 mA 100 mA<850 ms

TEMPERATURE coefficient ±0.003% Rdg. ±0.005% F.S.rC

Field Adjustable Scaled and Offset - 4y2 diqit

-^Mk-MMpsaFlfH Scale Senihlvttv)

MAXIMUM OFFSET (BIPOLAR)±19999 lor Full Scale Input

Up to two (2) times range with Internal ±6.2 volt referenceRESOLUTION & REPEATABILITYIMPEDANCEACCURACY

@ 23°C ±3“C <85% r.h.

1 nV 10 mVi.ooo Mn

±0.Q15% Rdg. ± 0.005% F.S.INPUT BIAS CURRENT

@ 23‘C ±3‘C <85% r.h.NORMAL MODE REJECTION

@ 50/60 HzOVERLOAD PROTECTION RESPONSE TIMETEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT ANALOG OUTPUT

6 nA 10 nA

>60 dB

±100V<3 sec <1 sec

±0.003% Rdg. ±0.005% F.S.fC100 riV/1 digit ±1% Output Impedance: 1000

How to Order a Process Monitor"Factory programmed” scaling and/or offset. Your scal­ing and/or offset requirements are programmed into the basic panel meter. Order by specifying:

1. 3Vi or AVi digit display (2770X or 2780X)2. Input Level (1-5 V, 1-5 mA. 4-20 mA, 10-50 mA or

other).3. Programmed scaling only: define desired readout

for input level.Example: Input Level, 0 to 5V,

desired readout. 0 to 2500Programmed scaling and offset: define desired readout for input level.

Example: Input Level, 1 to 5V,desired readout. 0 to 100.0

“Field adjustable" scaling and/or offset. These instru­ments are ordered by specifying a basic panel meter and adapter module as follows:

1. 3Vz or 4’/j digit display (2770-01 or 2780-02)

2. 2785-00 or 2785-01 adapter The appropriate adapter is determined by the rela­tionship of the input to the desired full scale reading:

2785-01 will facilitate desired readout of up to 100 times the input (up to max full scale)

2785-00 will facilitate desired readout of up to 1000 times the input (up to max full scale)

Example: (4V» digit display) Input ° 120 mV desired readout ° 15000The 2785-01 adapter cannot be used because the readout of 15000 cannot be obtained with a 120 mV input (120 mV x 100 ° 12000 max readout).The 2785-00 Bdapter, however, will readily display 15000 (the -00 is capable of 1000 x Input) Therefore, the complete number for ordering this Instrument is: 2780-02/2785-00

9 3630009672

STRIP CHART RECORDER

3630009673

Product Specifications PSS1-11A1 E

4060 SERIESELECTRONIC RECORDERSContinuous Writing and MultipointThe 4060 Series Recorders are null balancing servo Instruments. They use SCAN FOLD atrip charts and are available as 1-pen or 2-pen continuous writing recorders. They are also available as 3-polnt, 6-polnt, and 12-point dot-printing recorders. The measuring Inputs from various transmitters and converters Include: voltage and current; temperature from thermocouples (TC's) and resistance temperature detectors (RTD’s); and temperature, pressure, differential pressure, flow, level, dew point, humidity, wind direction, wind pressure, and pH, SO, and NO. values.

MANY INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS

The 4060 Series Recorders are well-suited for monitoring and alarming flow rate, temperature, and pressure. They can also be used In environmental monitoring (air pres­sure. water purity), meteorological applications (wind direction and velocity), biomedical data gathering, and lood processing quality control monitoring.

NUMEROUS STANDARD RANGES AVAILABLE

Hundreds of calibrated standard ranges are available for measuring as follows: between -200 and + 1400°C or be­tween -300 and + 3000°F for thermocouples; between -200 and +400°C or between -50 and +1200°F for RTD's; and between -500 and + 1000 mV, between -10 and + 25 V, and between -250 and + 500 mA for other voltage and current sources. Refer to pages 6 and 7.

3630009674

tOXBOnO®®Regljterod Trademark © 19fl0by The FoxboroCompany

PSS111A1 EPage 2

MODULAR, EFFICIENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRUCTIONThe recorder is enclosed In a compact DIN-standard en­closure with optional air purge provisions. This compact design results In a minimum of required panel space. Gasketed dustproof doors, corroslonproof conductive plastic slldewlres, sealed multipoint selector switches, and a baked semi-gloss finish lor enclosure and door make these Instruments highly resistant to Industrial at­mospheres. The mlcroswltch alarm setting, zero, span and gain adjustments, and other operator controls are accessible Irom the front. A swing-out chassis provides ready access for servicing. Modular construction Is used throughout to simplify parts replacement. Plug in connec- lors are used for the slidewlre, chart drive motor, balanc­ing motor, amplifier and range PWA’s, and selector switch. Precision-machined components and direct- coupled slidewlre wipers minimize the effects ol mechani­cal shock and vibration and reduce the need for mechanical alignment adjustments. The mechanical sim­plicity of these Instruments, along with a minimum ol mov­

ing parts, provides an Inherently more reliable recorder and reduces spare parts inventory.

LINEARIZED RECORDS — SCAN-FOLD CHART

Linearized records of temperature are provided from TC or RTD sensors, therefore eliminating the need tor special purpose charts. SCAN-FOLD charts are used to provide for fast loading, ready access to part records, and simple tear-off.

SEVERAL MOUNTING CONFIGURATIONSThese recorders are provided standard as panel-mounted Instruments. Optionally, they can be mounted on a cart or used as portable Instruments. In either configuration, brackets and other mounting accessories can be pro­vided, as required.

ELECTRICALLY CERTIFIED UNITSThese instruments have been Foxboro self-certified for use in general purpose (ordinary) locations.

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS

AccuracyVoltage and Current Inputs ± 0.3% of span. Thermocouple Inputs (Linearized) ±0.5% of span. RTD Inputs (Linearized) ±0.4% of span.

Dead Band 0.1% of span.

Span Step Response Time At 50 Hz < 3.0 s.At 60 Hz < 2.5 s.

Point Printing Interval At 50 Hz 5.0 s.At 60 Hz 4.2 s.

Ambient Temperature Effect Less than ±0.3% of span for a 10°C(18°F) variation.Power Supply Voltage Effect Less than ±0.2% of span for a ± 10% fluctuation.Reference Junction Compensation Error (For all ther­mocouples) maximum compensation error is less than ± 1°C(± 1.8°F)(rom-10to +50°C(15 to 120°F).

FUNCTIONAL SPECIFICATIONS

Normal Operating ConditionAmbient Temperature Limits 0 and 50°C (32 and 120°F).Relative Humidity Limits 35 and 85% RH.Supply Voltage 100,110,115, or 120Vac ± 10%;or 200,220,230, or 240 V ac ± 10%; as specified. Frequency 50 or 60 Hz ±2 Hz.

Input ImpedancePotentiometer Input 10 MQ minimum when voltage span Is between 3 mV and 500 mV; and 1 MQ when voltage span is 500 mV through 25 V.Current Input 500 Q when current span Is from 10 fiA to (but not including) 500 nA; and 10 Q when current span Is from 500 >iA lo (but not Including) 10 mA; and 1 Qwhen current span is from 10 mA through 500 mA. Thermocouple Input 10 MQ minimum.

Measuring Input Rangesdc Potentiometer Input 3 mV minimum span, 25 V maximum span.dc Current Input 10 pA minimum span, 500 mA max­imum span.Thermocouple Input (ANSI Types T. J. E. K. R, and S). Minimum span Is 100°C (180°F) or 3 mV, whichever is greater.RTD Input (SAMA-100 Q. DIN-100 Q. NR-226, or NR- 227; all 3-wire type). -200 to +400°C (-328 to + 752°F). 20°C (36°F) minimum span for platinum 100

Q RTD; 40°C (72°F) minimum span for platinum 50 Q RTD.

— ■ ........O'wiie ayaiem, l>cvvv-/CLelement). -30 to +50°C (-20 lo +120°F). -20 to + 40°C(-5to + 105°F),-10to + 50°C (15 lo 120*F), or Olo + 60®C (32 to 140°F).

363000967

PSS1-11A1 EPage 3

Source ImpedancePotentiometer Input 10 kQ maximum when vollage span Is between 3 mV and 500 mV; and 5 kQ maximum when vollage span is 500 mV through 25 V. Thermocouple Input 2 kQ maximum without burnout detector circuit; and 150 Q maximum with burnout de­tector circuit.RTD Input 10 Q maximum per wire (platinum 100Q). Dew Point Input Less than 4 Q per wire.Insulation Resistance 200 MQ minimum at 500 Vdc between each terminal and earth (ground).

Dielectric StrengthBetween power terminals and earth (ground):

1000 V ac (100 to 120 V power supply) lor 60 s;1500 V ac (200 to 240 V power supply) lor 60 s.

Between input terminal and earth (ground):500 Vac lor 60s.

Power Consumption4061 Series Approximately 11 VA.4062 Series Approximately 19 VA.4065,4066, and 4067 Series Approximately 11 VA.

Chart Description SCAN FOLD strip chart; total width Is 200 mm (8 In); recording width is 180 mm (7.1 In); total length Is 20 m (65 It), sufticient lor one month use at a chart speed ol 25 mmlh (1 in/h). Hourly time divisions marked Irom 1 to 24. Scale is black markings on white background.Chart Speed

1- Speed Type 25 mm/h (1 In/h).2- Speed Type 25 mm/h (1 In/h) and 25 mm/mln (1 In/ mln).3- Speed Type 25.50. and 100 mm/h (1.2. and 4 In/h). 6-Speed Type 25. 50. and 100 mm/h (1. 2, and 4 in/h) and 25.50, and 100 mm/min (1,2, and 4 In/mln).

Recorder Ink Colors1- Pen Recorder Red.2- Pen Recorder Red, Green.3- Point Recorder Red, Purple, Green.6-Polnt Recorder Red, Purple. Green, Blue, Brown, Black.12-Polnt Recorder Red, Purple, Green, Blue, Brown, Black, Yellow, Pink, Sky Blue, Light Green, Red-Purple, Orange.

PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Mounting Flush panel mounting is standard. Recorder may be lilted to an angle ot 30° with the rear ol the unit below the tront.Enclosure Drawn steel with gasketed dusttight door. Door Frame Diecast aluminum.

Finish Gray enclosure, black door trame, baked semi­gloss finish.Approximate Mass

4061 Serjes 15 kg (33 lb).4062 Series 17 kg (37 lb).4065,4066, and 4067 Series 16 kg (35 lb).

OPTIONAL FEATURES

Mounting Options Applicable to all recorders, as speci- lied. Standard mounting is In a panel. Optionally, a handle can be provided to make the recorder a portable instru­ment, or a cart can be provided should a cart-mounted instrument be desired.Air Purge Connection Applicable to all recorders. Loca­ted on rear ot case.

Specify /APC Also specify ANS11/4 NPT.

Chart Speeds (Single Speed) Applicable toall recorders, as specified 12.5,50,100,150,300, and 600 mm/h (0.5,2, 4,6,12, and 24 in/h).

Thermocouple Bumoul Protection Applicable to all re­corders. Open-circuiting of Input causes indicator to drive upscale or downscale, as specified.

Specify /BU Upscale lor 1-pen, 1st pen of 2-pen or multipoint recorders.Specify /BU-2 Upscale (or 2nd pen of 2-pen recorder. Speedy /BD Downscale for 1 -pen, 1 st pen of 2-pen, or multipoint recorders.Specify /BD-2 Downscale for 2nd pen of 2-pen re­corder.

Mlcroswltch Alarms Applicable to all recorders. One single-pole, double-throw (spdt) microswitch for high alarm, or 1 spdt for low alarm, or 2 spdt's for high and low alarm. Installed behind scale and actuated by pen or dot­printing mechanism. Selectable using Model Code.

Setting Accuracy ± 0.3% ot span.Lockup (Hysteresis) 1 % of span maximum.Contact Capacity 240 V ac, 3 A, noninductive. Setting Adjustability 0 to 100% of span.

Multiple Ranges Applicable to all recorders except those with electronic alarm or electronic control options. Contact Foxboro..

Manual Range Switching Available for 1-pen re­corder, 1st pen of 2-pen recorder, or multipoint re­corder. The range is selected by a manual selector switch which provides up to six ranges. For multipoint recorder, all inputs correspond to one range.Auto Range Switching Available for multipoint re­corder only. Ranges are cyclically changed by auto­selector switches which provide up to twelve Inputs In three groups, each group sharing the same range

3630009676

»

PSS1-11A1 EPage 4

Electronic Alarms Applicable to all recorders except those with multiple ranges. The electronic alarm options can be located internally within the recorder case below the chart tray, or housed in a separate enclosure which is one-third the size ol the recorder enclosure. The separate enclosure is mechanically and electrically attached to the recorder enclosure. Selectable using Model Code.

Setting Accuracy ± 0.3% of span.Lockup (Hysteresis) 0.1 % ol span maximum. Repeatability 0.1% of span.Alarm Output spdt relay control and light-emitting diode (LEO) indication.Setting Adjustability 0 to 100% of span.Contact Capacity 240 V ac. 3 A. noninductive.

Electronic Controls The control options are available only for 1-pen recorders, and 1st pen of 2-pen recorders, except those with multiple ranges. They are located inter­nal to the recorder enclosure below the chart tray. Select­able using Model Code.

Setting Accuracy ±0.3% of span.Setting Adjustability 0 to 100% of span.Control Action Refer to Model Code.

Fast and Slow Point Printing Speeds Applicable to pen recorders only, as specified.

'Specify /PC2 2.5 s at 50 Hz or 2.1 s at 60 Hz between consecutive points. In this case, balancing speed is 2 s at 50 Hz or 0.83 s at 60 Hz.Specify /PCS 10 s at 50 Hz or 8.3 s at 60 Hz between consecutive points.

Fast and Slow Balancing Speeds Applicable to pen re­corders only, as specified.

Specify /BAL1 For 1-pen or 1st pen of 2-pen re­corders; 1 s at 50 Hz or 0.83 s at 60 Hz, full scale. Specify /BAL1-2 For 2nd pen of 2-pen recorder; 1 s at 50 Hz or 0.83 s at 60 Hz, full scale.Specify /BAL30 For 1-pen or 1st pen of 2-pen re­corders; 30 s at 50 Hz or 25 s at 60 Hz, full scale. Specify /BAL30-2 For 2nd pen of 2-pen recorder; 30 s at 50 Hz or 25 sat 60 Hz.

Transmitting Slldewlre Applicable to pen recorders only as specified. Designed to be driven by 1 mA current source and generate a linear output 0 to 10 mV. Output voltage accuracy is ± 0.3%, and resolution is 0.1 %.

Specify /F1 For 1-pen or 1st pen of 2-pen recorder. Specify /F1-2 For 2nd pen of 2-pen recorder.

Disposable Felt Tip Pen Applicable to pen recorders only, as specified.

Specify /DFP For 4061 Series.Specify/DFP/DFP-2 For 4062 Series.

External Electric Alarm Unit Applicable to multipoint re­corders except those with multiple ranges. If an external alarm unit is required, the following extension code must be specified in addition to the electronic alarm basic code.

Specify /SEA-1 For 1 m (3 ft) remote application. Specify/SEA-3 For 3 m (10 ft) remote application.

ACCESSORIES

An accessory kit is provided which Includes; charts, ink supply, lubricating oil, miscellaneous spare parts, and special tools.

DEWCEL and SCAN FOLD are trademarks of The Foxboro Company.

3630009677

PSS1-11A1 EPage 5

MODEL CODE(For Standard Measuring Range, refer to Pages 6 and 7)

Model Code—Pen Writing Recorder*0*

Description Code1-Pen Recorder 4061£-Pen Recorder 4062Chari Drive*”’

1-Speed: 25 mm/h (1 In/h) -G12-Speed: 25 mm/h and mm/mln -G2

(1 mm/h and mm/min)3-Speed: 25.50, and 100 mm/h -G3

(1.2, and 4 in/h)6-Speed: 25,50. and 100 mm/h and mm/min —G6

(1,2, and 4 In/h and In/min)Optional Speeds: (Refer to Optional Features) -GOPower Requirements1*’220or 240 Vac, 50Hz 3220 or 240 Vac. 60 Hz 4115 Vac, 50 Hz 7115 Vac, 60 Hz 8

Input Calibration— 1 st Pen (4061 or 4062)1 4 ’Single Range

3 mV lo25Vdc spans MV10pA to 500 mA spans MAType T TC CCType JTC ICType E TC CRTypeKTC CAType R TC TRTypeSTC TSPlatinum RTD: SAMA PCPlatinum RTD. DIN PDNickel RTD: NR-226, NR-227 PJDEWCEL; Using NR 226, NR-227 Sensor DW

Microswitch Alarms—1 st Pen(406t or4062)'4’

None -N1-6pdt, high alarm -M1H1-spdt, low alarm -MIL2-spdt. high and low alarms -M1W

Electronic Alarms or Controls (4061 only}' ‘ >Electronic Alarms1”’

Three set points, three outputs -AL3Six set points, six outputs -AL6

Electronic Controls'”’On-OII -C1PSThree position (L-O H) -C3PSThree mode (PID), 4 lo 20 mA output > -C5SA

Inoul Calibration—2nd Pen (4062 only)'”’Single Range

Same code applies as lor ;MV to1st pen. single range ;DW

Microswitch Alarms—2nd Pen (4062 only)'”’1-spdt. high alarm -M2H1-spdl, low alarm -M2L2-spdt, high and low alarms -M2W •

Optional FealuresSelect Irom Optional Features Section /□

* * * Fof multiple tanges, contaci Foxboro ‘‘’Required selection; 4061 or 4062 •‘•Optional selection; 4061 only •'•Requited selection; 4062 only

Examples;4061- G17CR-N-AL3/BU.4062- G23PC-MlW-ClPS;PC-M2W/DFP/APC

Model Code—Multipoint Recorder*”*

Description Code.3-Point Recorder 40656-Point Recorder 4066

12-Point Recorder 4067Chari Drive'4’

1 -Speed: 25 mm/h (1 in/h)2-Speed: 25 mm/h and m/mln -G2

(1 mm/h and mm/min)3-Speed: 25,50, and 100 mm/h (1,2, and -G3

4 in/h)6-Speed: 25,50. and 100 mm/h and mm/mln —G6

(1.2. and 4 in/h and In/min)Optional Speeds: (Refer lo Optional Features) -GOPower Reauirements'4’220or 240 Vac,50Hz 3220 or 240 Vac, 60 Hz 4115 V ac, 50 Hz 7115Vac,60Hz 8

Input Calibration'4’Single Range

3 mV to 25 Vdc spans MV10 |iA to 500 mA spans MAType T TC CCType JTC ICType E TC CRType K TC CATypeRTC TRTypeSTC TSPlatinum RTD: SAMA PC .Platinum RTD: DIN PD ’Nickel RTD: NR 226. NR 227 PJDEWCEL: Using NR-226, NR-227 Sensor DW

Microswitch Alarms'4’None -N1-spdt, high alarm -M1H1-spdl, low alarm -MIL2-spdt, high and low alarm -M1W1-spdt, high alarm with signal hold unit -MCH(SHU)1-spdt. low alarm with SHU -MCL2-spdt. high and low alarms with SHU -MCW

Electronic Alarms'*’Internally Mounted

1 high alarm/poini, 3 point -A3H1 low alarm/poini, 3 point -A3L1 high and 1 low alarm/point. 3 point -A3W1 high alarm/point, 6 point -A6H1 low alarm/point. 6 point -A6L

Externally Mounted1 high and 1 low alarm/point, 6 point -EA6W1 high alarm/point, 12 point -EA7H1 low alarm/point, 12 point -EA7L1 high and 1 low alarm/point, 12 point -EA7W

Optional FeaturesSelect Irom Optional Fealures Section ID

••’For mulliple ranges, contact Foxboro ‘••Required selection; 4065, 4066, or 4067 •‘•Optional selection; 4065.4066, or 4067

Examples;4066-018CC-N 4065-G33MV-M1W/PC2

3630009678

PSS1-11A1 EPage 6

•Standard Measuring Ranges; mV, V, and mA dc; TC; RTD; Dew Point

InputRange

dcMeasurement

mV mA

ThermocoupleM

Type of Measurement Input

K R DIN SAMA NR226 NR227RTD Type

DewPoint

DEWCEL-500 to -300 to -300 to -250 to

+ 500 + 300 + 100 + 250

Ss

-200 to -200 to -200 to -200 to

+ 200 + 150 + 100 + 50

C

C

C

C-150 to -100 to -100 to -100 to

+ 150 + 300 + 200 + 100

ss

-50 to -50 to -40 to -40 to

+ 150 + 50 + 80 + 60

BBCC

BBCC

-30 to -25 to -20 to -20 to

+ 50 + 25 + 50 + 40

-20 to -20 to -15 10 -10 to

+ 30 + 20 + 15 + 50

Ss

-10 to -10 to -5 to -2.5 to

+ 20 + 10 + 5 + 2 5

SSSss

sss

-2 lo -1.510 -1 to -1 to

+ 2 + 1.5 + 2 + 1

0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to

11.523

SSS

0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to0 lo 0 to 0 to 0 to

8101520

0 lo 25 0 lo 30 0 to 40 0 lo 50

Ssss

sss

sss

0 lo 60 0 lo 70 0 lo 80 0 lo 1000 lo 1200 lo 1500 to 2000 lo 250

SSSS

C

B

C

BCBBC

CBBC

CCCC•The Input ranges and measurement input lypes'shown are available as standard with these instruments. Contact Foxboro lor nonslan-

oar<j requirements. The codes listed within Ihe Table are delined as follows;B = Available lor both *C and *F lor Input type and range shown.C = Available lor *C only tor Input type and range shown.F = Available lor *F only lor input type and range shown.S = Standard dc measurement lor Input type and range shown.

3630009679

PSS1-11A1 EPage 7

»

»

•Standard Measuring Ranges; mV, V, and tnA dc; TC; RTD; Dew Point (Continued)

Type ol Measurement InDulInput dc ThermocoupleRange Meatlurerr ent Type RTD Type PointmV V mA 1 J E K R S B DIN SAMA NR226 NR227 DEWCEl

0 to 300 S B B C B B F c0 to 350 C0 to 400 S F B F B B B F0 to 500 S S F B B C0 to 600 S F B B B F F F0 to 700 S0 to BOO S B C B C c0 to 1000 S F F B C c0 to 1200 F B C c0 to 1400 C c0 to 1600 F F0 to 2000 F F F0 to 2500 F F F0 to 3000 F F1 to 5 s2.510 12.5 S4 to 20 S

10 to 50 s S50 to 100 C C C50 to 150 C C C50 to 200 C C50 to 300 F

100 to 200 C C C c100 to 250 F B B F100 to 300 C C F C C C100 lo 400 F F F100 10 500 s C C C F F F150 10 200 c150 to 250 c150 lo 300 C200 to 300 c200 to 400 F B F C B B F200 10 500 B C C200 to 700 C B200 to 800 F200 lo 1000 F C300 to 500 C300 to 600 F B B C F F F300 to BOO C B400 to 800 B C C400 to 1000 C400 to 1400 C C500 to 800 C C500 to 1000 F F B F F500 lollOO F F600 lo 1200 C500 to 1500 F F600 to 1000 C600 lo 1200 F F700 lo 1000 C700 to 1200 B800 lo 1600 F F

1000 to 2000 F F F1000 to 2500 F F F1500 to 2500 F F F2000 to 3000 F F

•The inpul ranges and measuremem input lypes shown are available as standard with these instruments. Contact Foxboro lor nonstan- dard requiremenis. The codes listed wilhin ihe Table ate defined as loiiows:

B = Available lor both *C and *F lor inpul type and range shown C = Available lor °C only lor inpul type and range shown.F = Available lor *F only lor inpul lype and range shown.S = Standard dc measurement lor input lype and range shown.

3630009S80

PSS111A1 EPages

DIMENSIONS—NOMINAL

ORDERING INSTRUCTIONS

1. Model Number2. Type ol Input (ANSI, SAMA, or DIN)3. Range4. Scale and Chart5. Supply Voltage and Frequency6. Optional Features7. Tag and Application

MB 010 Printed In U S A 08803630009681

A. mmwmINSTRUMENTS

Alnor Micromanometer

The Model 530 ECO Series Manometer has features that make It easier to use and more economical than a liquid Inclined manometer or pressure gauge.• One Instrument that measures both velocity and pressure• High accuracy — ♦ \% of reading, as good as any lop o! the line liquid Inclined manometer• Read negative pressure and positive pressure without making any hose connection changes (Instrument range

Is from-1 to 10 Inches of water)• High resolution — .01 inches of water Irom -1 to 1 Inch of pressurea Uses all standard Pitot tubes for static pressure, differential pressure or velocity e Automatic zeroing — eliminates set-up lime that costs time and money

TO ORDERCatalog No. ModelDescriptionPrice

Al 13134 350 Micromanomeler $495.00

Digital Pressure GaugeBreakthrough DesignA line of six precision digital pressure gauges provide calibration accuracy in rugged, pocket sizes units priced at

. V< to Vi the cost of comparable Instruments. These precision testers were developed |oinlly with a leading lield service organization with Input from their 400 lield service technicians.The unique design of the Precision Digltial Pressure Gauge combines the proven performance of RiS pneumatlc- to-current converter technology with special temperature compensation circuitry. The result Is high accurecy performance at a greatly reduced and previously unattainable cost. The accuracy for pressure and current Is NBS traceable.

The Precision Diglllal Pressure Gauge Is the size of a pocket calculator and weighs only 15 ounces. It features a highly readable 4VS digit display. Battery or line operated, it can be readily used for field or shop calibration |obs.

PowerRiS Precision Digltial Pressure Gauge Is powered by self-contained, lightweight, nickel-cadmium batteries

^^■t can be recharged with the ac adaptor, 120v ac or 220'240v ac. The unit Is fully operational while charging, ^^maklng It suitable for field or bench use.

Calibration and MeaaurementThe RIS Precision Digital Pressure Gauge with Integral current measurement capability Is Ideally suited for calibration differential pressure (DP) cells as well as current-to-pressure (VP) and prassure-to-current (P/I) converters and trans­mitters. Three models covering three ranges In PSIG and Inches of water column, or PSIG and mBars, are available (see Range Tables under Specifica­tions). A 3-posltlon selector switch allows switching between current and the two pressure measurement modes of each model.

IMhJl

SPECIFICATIONS

Totally Solid State Dealgn ^----A totally solid-state design with no moving pads and a ruggedly constructed housing enable RiS Precision Digltial Pressure Gauges to withstand the uses and abuses of field and bench work. In Its handy, padded carrying case. It will tolerate the typical bumps and drops thBt damage or impair mechanical test guages.

These units are also built to withstand continuous 100% overpressure without affecting accuracy. In addition, the solid-state sensor can also tolerate exposure to liquids as well as gases without damage.

Accuracy: *0.05% F9 (u« table) * 1 count @ 25"C (10- minutes after turn-on)

Temperature;t. Operating: 30-130*f (• 1 to M*C) b. Storage: 0-1KTF (-16 to 6S*C)C. Tempereture Effect: ±0.25% maximum ever full

operating ranga

Inpul Currant Ranges:(autoranging) on an modali:

Currant Resolution Accuracy Renga(mAdc) (mAdc) % FS

Pneumatic Fitting: IV* O 0. tuba quick eonnecVdiiconnect Overpreaaure without Recallbration: 2 i full acata rating Surat Pressure: 3 x lull acait ratingPressure Madia; Gaaaa or liqutda (non-corrosive. non-eonducilve)Rower:

a. Inlarnal rachargabla nickel cadmium battery packb. Biliary operating time; 6 hrac. Charge time 14 hr*d t?0 Vac or 220-240 Vac 50'60 Ha; simultaneously operate and charge

Weight: 15 ounce* (0 43 kg)

0-19999*20 00-100 00

0.001001

±0 075%±0 05% Catalog No. Description

TO ORDERPrice

Display:* V» digit LCD 0 4" high black numaraia (Indicate* polarity and low battery)

RS 140201 Digital Pressure Gauge (Specify Model) $495.00

Input Pratiure PangeaModel Inchee of Water

Column RangeResolution Millibar

RangeReeoluHon PSIQ

RangeReeolution

ORO-600G 10

DP0400Q-10B

0-199 99*200 0-250 0

0010 1

’ 0 650 0 ' 01

0-10 000

0-10000

0 001

0 001ORG 6000 30 0-750 0 0 1 0-19 999* 0 001OPO-SOOOSOB 0-1999 9 01

20 00-30 00

20 00-30 000-19 996*001

0010 001

^^^0-6000-100

^^0 6000-10000-1999 9*2000-2500

0 11.0

0-6500 10

0-100 00

0-100 00

001

001

363000968227

CALIBRATION OF DIGITAL INDICATOR AND STRIP CHART RECORDER

/

3630009683

„• Precision Portable So eData Sheet 1028Date June 1983

Tester

Simultaneously Measures & Generates

I Milliamp Signals

j Simulates Two-Wire | Transmitter

• Internal 24 VDC Supply I To Power Two-Wire Loop

1 High Accuracy j ±2 L.S.D., TypicalI

Hand-Held Unit Weighs Just 26 Ounces

Field-Portable,Rugged Construction

t

Milliamp Jj^cnv CalibratorModel

1028

! The Transmalion Model 1028 permits j the user to simultaneously measure and• generate milliamp signals with one| hand-held, completely field-portable i instrument. This digital calibrator and i signal indicator operates over a broad i range suitable for most common• applications, and is particularly well- ; suited to flow processes. It measures• Signals within a range of±99.99 mA and

generates a 0 to 22 mA output.i! A 3-position Output Switch permits the

user to select either of two discrete• output signal values - 0% or 100 % of

full scale - or to select an adjustable output mode. The signal values generated at the 0% and 100% positions are set by screwdriver-adjustable trimpots. In the output adjust mode, Coarse and Fine adjustment potentiometers are used to select an output signal from 0 to 22 mA. A I to 5 VDC output capability is optionally available.

The I028's internal 24 VDC supply may be used to power a two-wire loop while measuring the output of a two-wire transmitter. In the output mode, transmitter simulation may be performed using an existing loop supply up to 75 VDC to power the 1028. This is particularly useful when calibrating devices like controllers and recorders which are normally fed by a two-wire transmitter. The simultaneous input/output functions of the 1028 make it ideal for calibrating such milliamp devices as transmitters or loop isolators.

Separate sets of input terminals and output terminals permit connection of more than one device at the same time, or simultaneous use of the input and output functions. Signal values are indicated on a 4-digit liquid crystal display. A front panel toggle switch permits fast and easy switching between input and output display modes. In addition to indicating signal values, the

display automatically indicates display mode and error conditions (low battery ' voltage or overrange).

The 1028 is designed for use in typical field test applications. All controls are located on the front panel. The unit is both completely portable and rugged enough to withstand hard use. The l instrument case consists of interlocking extrusions of anodized aluminum which protect the unit against moisture. Environmentally sealed switches with gold contacts are used to insure reliable signal transmission in harsh corrosive atmospheres.

tThe unit operates on four type AA J nickel-cadmium batteries. A built-in icharging circuit permits overnight •charging to full capacity, using an AC Charger Transformer available in either ' 117 VAC 60 Hz or 230 VAC 50/60 Hz j operation. The 1028 circuitry has built- I in 250 VDC input-to-output isolation. !

^--------------P----------------—|ransmati®n inc.

977 Ml. Read lllvd. P.O »<>x 7R03 Knchcslcr. N.Y. 14606 Telex 97-8314 I’liune 716 254-VIHK

3630009684

1028 Specifications

INPUT RANGE OUTPUT RANCE

INPUT IMPEDANCE OUTPUT I.OAD DRIVE CAPABILITY

OUTPUT SELECT

CURRENT LIMITING RESOLUTION

NBS TRACEABILITY

REPEATABILITY

STABILITY COMMON MODE REJECTION NORMAL MODE REJECTION

OUTPUT NOISE

ISOLATION POWER SUPPLY

CIIARCE LIFE

LOW BATTERY INDICATOR WARMUP TIME

OPERATING TEMPERATURE STORACE TEMPERATURE

AMBIENT TEMP. EFFECT DISPLAY

CONNECTORSHOUSING

DIMENSIONSWEIGHT

Ordering InformationPLEASE SPECIFY

INCLUDES

EXTRA ACCESSORIES

Range Accuracy-99.99 to *99.99 mA DC 10.01% of Full Scale ± 1 L.S.D.

Oto 22 mA DC 10.05% of Full Scale 11 L.S.D.

10 Ohmi maximum$00 Ohms at 22 mA maximum

3-Position Rotary Output Switch:0% - mny be set from 0 to. 12 mA DC using screwdriver-adjustable potentiometerAdjust - adjustable from 0 to 22 mA DC using Coarse A Fine 3Y«-turn potentiometers 100% - may be set from 12 to 22 mA DC using screwdriver-adjustable potentiometer.Output is current limited to 27 mA DC 0.01 mA DCThe calibration of Transmation DC voltage, current and resistance products is directly traceable to the National Bureau of Standards via Transmation calibration standards which have been certified by NBS and are subject to a program of periodic re-certification.I least significant digit

I L.S.D. for 24 hours; 2 L.S.D. for 30 days120 dB minimum (5) 30/60 He30 dB minimum @ 30/60 HzLess than dt I least significant digit230V DC or 230V peak AC input-to-outputBuilt-in rechargeable nickel-cadmium batlcrits. 4 type AA.Built-in constant current charging circuit is powered by external wall transformer (117 VAC, 60 Hz or 230 VAC,30/60 Hz operation available). 14 hours typical to full charge.20 mA continuous output: 4 hours, typical All other modes: 16 hours, typical"1.0 BAT" appears on display when battery voltage drops to 4.75 V 30 seconds maximum to rated accuracy 32* to I22°F(0° to 50°C)-22® to 140'F (-30° to 60'C) i0.0l%of full scale per®F4-digit liquid crystal display; indicators for mode, low battery voltage and overrange conditions.Flush-mounted miniature banana plug receptacles Interlocking extrusions of anodized aluminum 1.55" x 3.38" x 1.65" (216 x 86 x 42mm), HWD 26 oz. nominal (0.8 kg)

Model 1028-01 (fl7 VAC) OR Model 1028-02 (230 VAC)

BatteriesOne Set of Test Leads - P/N 500143-003 Instruction Manual Vinyl Carrying Case - P/N 759995014

/Charger Transformer117 VAC. 60 Hz-P/N 502226-069 OR 230 VAC. 50/60 Hz - P/N 502226079

Resistor Banana Plug (for 1-5 VDC output) - P/N 750016041

HEPRKSKNTHI) BY:

0MMM

3630009685....