Let’s Cash the waste

Are we making justice with what natural gifts have been

gifted to us?Working on this project assured us this world is full of

resources only we need to make our vision broader to bring them in our favor. it even has broader our vision to look on

every thing with this idea. we are thankful to the DSM production unit for providing us insight about sugar refinement and giving us filter cake to

work on it & telling us name of laboratory to get our sample tested.

we are also thankful to Madam Naheed Rafee Professor of Bio chemistry Department of Karachi University for providing time by time out line despite of working on distant area. we are also thankful to Intel team for motivating us and turned

a new leaf in our life.

Is

Sugarcane “Waste Filter cake”

effective for the growth of plants as a Manure

& useful as a fuel

Your Task• Community Survey to pick the most severe problem related to

sugar factory.• Visit of Sugar factory• Interview of chemical manager• Survey of surrounding villages• Visit of PCSIR Laboratory• Perform various experiments• Forum for Recommendations to use the waste of sugar cane• Formation of recycling society • Distribution of brochures• Create saving budget• Rally on wood cutting • Awareness forum in community twice a month• Introduced filter cake as a manure and fuel in Khoski town

Survey of community When we went to some of the villages of Khoski, saw

every one used wood for cooking because there is no sui gas lines and gas cylinder are very costly. Common man could not afford the cylinder. According to our survey 82.5% people used wood as a fuel,10% people used a waste product name mud coming from sugar waste & the remaining are gas cylinder.

Fuel Wood Mud Gas Cylinder

% 82.5 10 7.5

0

20

40

60

80

100

%

Material

% of different material as a fuel

Wood

Mud

Gas Cylinder

Conference to think or discuss about the problem

• We discussed about the waste product of sugar factory mud.

• We thought about the nature of this waste.

• We decided to do experiments to know the actual fact of this waste product.

Visit of Sugar factory

We visited Dewan sugar Mills Khoski & saw many dump of waste product burnt in sun light. we were surprised that why it is wasted though it supports burning. We ask to collect a sample of this waste, they called it mud.

Interview of chemical managerHe said, “Thirty years back when this mill was newly established growers & residents reacted strongly due to the heaps of filter cake with bad stink & over growth of

insects & germs are becoming reason of diseases. Growers were not even in favor of running this mill.

Management dump this waste far from the surroundings for the satisfaction of growers

& after couple of days they saw full of health seedlings on filter

cake & realize the worth of this waste. But they are still unaware about the ratio of filter cake to be used.

Just after few years of processing a man suddenly thrown a burning cigarette on filter cake, a woman passing along the way saw that fire is burning swiftly with blue flame &

producing less smoke”.

Visit of PCSIR Laboratory

After the interview we decided to check the component of filter cake, so we sent it to PCSIR laboratory to test.

Composition of filter cake obtained in carbonation process on dry basis

------------------------------------------------------------------Components %on Air dry basis------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 Moisture 5.8 2 Organic matter 39.49 3 Ash (minerals) 54.71 Total 100.00

Minerals & organic matter content which is useful when filter cake is used as manure for

crops or as animal feed. The organic matter of filter cake is of importance to generate

biogas, which is an alternative source of energy.S no Components % of content

1 Raw Wax 12-16

2 Benzene 10-14

3 Ash 8-12

4 P2O5 3-5

5 Cao 2.5-5

6 Cane pith 10-14

7 Others 18-25

6 Sucrose and reducing sugar

25-35

Graph showing % of content

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

% of minerals and organic matter content

N

P2O5

Mgo

Cao

PR

LP

OM

ASH

Perform Experiments• Use of filter cake for germination of seeds:

• The first step is selection of 10 to 12 pots with different proportion of soil with mud keeping rest of the things same watering, sunlight, aeration type and quantity of seeds.

S no Days 1:3 3:1 Only filter cake

Only soil Only sand 2:2 sand+filter

cake

3:1 Sand & filter

2:2soil & filter

ake

1 1st No No No No No No No No

2 2nd No No No No No No No No

3 3rd No No No No No No No No

4 4th Above average

No Maximu growth

No No Below average

No No

5 5th Do No Do No No Do No No

6 6th Do Few Do No No Do No Few

7 7th Do Few Do Few No Do Few do

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

pot 1 Pot 2 pot 3 Pot 4

length of Plants in mudpot

length of Plants in mudpot

length of Plants in mudpot

length of Plants in mudpot

0

20

40

60

80

100

Sand & so

il &1:03 3:01 Only

filtercake

Onlysoil

Onlysand

2:2sand+filter

cake

3:01 2:02

1st

4th

7th

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

5th

6th

7th

Half Kg of dried filter cake was taken to boil half liter water in comparison of boiling same amount of water on one Kg wood by keeping the same size of pans and same height from the flame.

Use of filter cake as a fuel

Qty of wood(1 Kg)

Qty of filter cake(0.5 K.g)

Amount of water 1 liter 1 liter

Time One hour Half an hour

Amount of discharged carbon

Greater deposition

Less deposition on the boiling pot

0

20

40

60

80

100

Amount of water Time Amount ofdischarged carbon

comparasion of wood & filter cake

Qty of wood

Qty of filter cake

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

wood Filtercake

Boiling

Smoke

Quantity

AnalysisLaw of conservation of energy seems really applicable in case of sugar cane as nothing is useless in this world only we need to do little mental work to make its effective use in real life. This research covers an environmental issue which is about the Dumping of waste products causing air and soil pollution. Growth of harmful insects such as mosquitoes and flies.Resulting making usage of filter cake as a manure to grow healthy plants, usage as fuel can even reduce Wood consumption & Enrichment of soil due to carbonation &

sulphication during sugar refinement.

Results:• It was noted if alkaline soil is reacted with acidic

filter cake that’s PH falls in ratio of 3.9 % it helps to grow healthiest plant when soil is kept 3 parts with one part of filter cake.

• The plants grown in 3:1 ratio and only filter cake were found healthiest and more resistance to have effective of any disease and low temperature.

• Water heated on dried filter cake took less time to boil in comparison of heating on wood. And less amount of carbon deposition was observed on water boiled on filter cake.

Detail of saving in terms of rupees and enrichment of environment by using filter cake as a fuel.

Average crushing of cane per year in DSM= 280,318.818 Tons * 3% rate of filter cake production as waste

Production of filter cake per year = 8409.564Tons

1/2 Kg dry filter cake is enough to boil one liter water & one Kg wood is enough to boil one liter water

So 8049.564 / 0.5 Tons filter cake = 16819.129 Tons wood

Which means by using 8049.564 Tons dry filter cake can avoid to burn 16819.129 Tons of wood .Which is a costless gentle contribution against deforestation and freshening of environment.

Rate of wood in Rupees

• Rate of wood is rupees 2 per Kg• saving consumption of wood in terms of Mouns • 16819.129 * 25 =420478.225 Mouns• Saving of burning filter cake as a fuel instead of

wood in terms of money =• 420478.129 * 2 / Kg * 40 Kg = Rs/33,638258 • Amount that can be saved as a result of burning

filter cake as a fuel= Rs. 33,638258 /-

Conclusion Ways to cash waste of sugar mills• Proved the desirable ratio of filter cake with

soil for healthy plant growth.• Research proved filter cake is an effective

manure to grow healthy plants experimented on alkaline soil.

• Our further plan is to do the same experiment on acidic soil.

• Burning of filter cake proved better boiling of water as compared to wood.

Formation of recycling society

After knowing the fact of this filter cake mud we decided to develop a recycling society in our school & aware people from this precious waste product.

•We first of all make a slogan for our society.

•We create logo & brochure.

•We distributed brochure among mills colony members & outsider means villagers.

•We conducted an awareness program in which we introduced filter cake as a manure & fuel.

•

•We took permission of GM of Dewan factory to utilize this waste filter cake to save the wood & healthy environment.•We participated in International Intel Science fairs to introduced this waste nationally & win grand wining award in national fair.•This research went to coria & win gold medal.•PCSIR laboratory scientist appreciated us a lot & further engaged to promote our research.

•After this project all the waste filter cake is utilize 100% for growth of plants & as a fuel in Khoski area free of cost.•Wood cutting is decreased.•Smoke is decreased.•Economy of Pakistan is increased.

Social Impact

•Intel Teach program •Our Teachers•Community members•Parents•School fellows For cooperation & support we needed.

Thank You