lessons learnt from france’s awareness system for enhanced emergency preparedness and response...
TRANSCRIPT
Lessons learntfrom France’s Awareness System
for Enhanced Emergency Preparedness and Response
Authorities
F.Bénichou (Météo-France), JM.Tanguy (SCHAPI)
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Summary
1. Genesis of Awareness procedure in France
2. Lessons learnt, decisions made, implementation Heat wave (2003) Floods (2002, 2005)
3. Feed-back, Preparedness
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1. Genesis of Awareness Procedure in France
1999– 2 major storms in Dec. : 92 p. killed, huge damage in Forests and
infrastructure (15 bn €)
– good forecast but poor efficiency in warning process, poor understanding from the public
– Prime Minister decides to update the Warning procedure and inform general public AND Authorities simultaneously on the basis of simple and updated colour information (after proposals from Météo-France and the Civil Security Authorities)
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Genesis and setting up of Awareness Procedure in France
2001 : the Vigilance (Awareness) map was born Goals
– to better inform, thanks to a simple and summarized message that focuses on dangerous phenomena and the need to stay informed
– To improve the efficiency of the communication by “translating” the intensity of forecast meteorological parameters into a risk level
– to improve anticipation and service delivered to the Civil Security Services
– to broaden information dissemination
Awareness map as a routine production– Published twice a day, – Exceptional production may be initiated outside
these hours
A process involving national and regional levels
In case of an orange or red level on at least one department, follow-up bulletins until the end of event:
MF Management « on call » 7d/24h– CFO level– MF top management level
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Operating Awareness in FranceMétéo-France and main partners (2001-2005)
Setting up Awareness procedure requires – High level MF department in charge of Institutional Affairs– A lot of preliminary contacts with Authorities to define & agree on procedures
Awareness can then be operated smoothly on a daily basis
MI (Dept of institutional affairs)
Setting-up
Operations
Medias Civil Security Roads
CFO (Central Forecast
Office)
COGIC (national Centre)
CNIR (national Centre)
CMIR (Regional Centres)
COZ (regional centre)
CRIR(regional centre)
CDM (Local offices)
Local centres (firemen, ...)
DDE(Local centres)
Météo-France
General Public
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The heatwave episode in August 2003:
– An intense and widespread episode
– Well forecast by Météo-France (press releases), but NOT part of Awareness procedure
– Catastrophic consequences (about 15000 dead in France)
Number of days with TX>35°C
Number of days with TX>40°C
2.1 Heat Waves & Cold Waves management
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The National Heatwave Plan was set up by French Ministry of Health on the 1st of June 2004
It was decided to include heatwave phenomena in the existing meteorological vigilance system (from Jun.01 to Aug.31)
The InVS (French National Institute of Health Survey) and Météo-France defined for each department of mainland France a “biometeorological indicator” calculated from min and max temperatures observed or forecast for D1, D2, D3,
MF Awareness and National Heatwave Plan try to converge
Heat Waves & Awareness
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Adding heat and cold waves to Awareness Météo-France and main partners (2005-2006)
New procedure with Health authorities – Setting up of an interministerial committee on heatwaves
Awareness can then be operated smoothly on a daily basis
MI (Dept of institutional affairs)
Setting-up Setting-up
Operations Operations
Medias Civil Security Roads Health
CFO (Central Forecast
Office)
COGIC (national Centre)
CNIR (national Centre)
INVS => DGS (National level)
CMIR (Regional Centres)
COZ (regional centre)
CRIR(regional centre)
DRASS(regional
directorate)
CDM (Local offices)
Local centres (firemen, ...)
DDE(Local centres)
DDASS(Local centre)
Météo-France
General Public
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2.2 When Hydrology and Meteorology meet
Context Sept 2002 : an extreme heavy rain event with hudge flash-floods in Southern France (Gard)
Decision by the Ministery of Environment to improve the complex organization for flood warnings in France
Setting up a national center for hydrology (Schapi) close to MF facilities, 22 services for floods forecast, a specific flood awareness (Start July 2006)
Sept 2005 : another Major heavy rain event with hudge flash-floods in Southern France
Decision by the Prime Minister to include flood warning in the MF Awareness procedure
An information not only on flash-floods or urban floods but also on river floods and water-table floods (coming from meteorological and hydrological data)
Impacts Change in software for the production of the MF Vigilance New working procedures, but with skilled and trained staff Communication to the Medias :
Meteorology by Météo-France Hydrology by Schapi
La Calmette (Gard), 2002
© Midi-Libre
The chart of the 6th sept. (forecast : 300-400 mm in
24hours)
The chart of the 8th sept. (forecast : 80-120 mm locally
160-220 in 24hours)
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Hydromet map components
Hydromet Awareness map
Flood warning map
Local warning map
Station records
National hydro bulletin
Local hydro bulletins
Local and national met bulletins
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Available hydrological information at river level
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Integrating flood hazard to Awareness Météo-France and main partners (2006-…)
New procedure with technical support from hydrological entities
Awareness can then be operated smoothly on a daily basis
MI (Dept of institutional affairs)
Setting-up Setting-up
Operations Operations
Medias Hydrology Civil Security Roads Health
SCHAPI (national Centre)
CFO (Central Forecast
Office)
COGIC (national Centre)
CNIR (national Centre)
INVS => DGS (National level)
CMIR (Regional Centres)
COZ (regional centre)
CRIR(regional centre)
DRASS(regional
directorate)
CDM (Local offices)
Local centres (firemen, ...)
DDE(Local centres)
DDASS(Local centre)
Météo-France
General Public
SPC(regional RFCs)
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3. Feed-back & preparedness
The general public : a wide common knowledge– The chart is very well known (74%), one feels sufficiently informed (80%)– Main access to information (96%) is by the TV
Civil security : a noticeable procedure improvement– Improved awareness and preparedness (+)– Improved timely response and anticipation during main events (+)– a smaller number of false alarms (+)– Inclusion of local expertise (+)– Bulletins to be improved (-)
A continuous evaluation and a continuous improvement trend– At regular intervals (meetings with the main partners of the Ministeries of Interior, Ecology,
Transportation and Health)• Assess operational capability at local / regional / institutional level• Assess effectiveness of coordination and management of warnings from end to end
– An annual assessment document : Feedback about procedure and presentation of statistical data about quality of warnings and related damages
France’s « Vigilance » a success
Transfer of experience to other countries and overseas territories
Episodes de vigilance orange d'octobre 2001 à 2005
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0 8 3
Vent violent
Fortes précipitations
Orages
Neige-Verglas
Grand f roid
Avalanches
Canicule