lessons from the gullwing (shortened version)

Lessons from the Gullwing

Simon McGuinness, MRIAI

Outline

Student Project Work 2011-2012

Student Project Work 2012-2013

Future Trends in Energy Retrofit

The Skills Deficit

Impact on Industry, the Professions and Policy Makers

2011-2012 student project work

PG Cert (DAER)

2011-12 Gullwing project brief

Achieve a BER of A3

Achieve compliance

with Part L, 2011 (new

build)

Condensation risk

Surface temperatures

Calculated thermal

bridges

BIM model

Therm

Design Builder

Build Desk U

DEAP (no defaults)

Digital energy analysis

Analysis Result

The buildings are:

Un-heatable (Part L)

Un-healthy (Parts L&F)

Un-visitable (Part M)

Un-comfortable

Non-compliant (Part B)

Too small (DoE space

standards)

Insulate without LTB assessment?

Insulation can make the condensation risks associated with LTB problems worse

Because LTB is a proportion of surface area it is exaggerated in mid-mid apartments

Planar Heat losses x Y-factor = LTB losses in

DEAP

Default y-factors allowable are 0.15, 0.08 and 0.04 depending on construction quality

Calculated y-factors in the Gullwing and Flat-Top blocks ranged 0.32 to 0.36

Defaults are misleading!

Simplify thermal envelope

33% improvement in

energy performance

coefficient

with no additional

insulation

Source: Team D - DT774

Simplifie

d

thermal

envelop

e

geometr

y

Gullwing 2012 (Team A)

Team B

2012-2013 student project work

PG Cert (DAER)

Flat-Top Block - project brief

Building Regs as if new build

DoE space standards

60-100 year lifecycle

BER of A2

Calculated y-factor

Hygrothermal analysis

Surface temperature

Condensation risk

Flat-Top Block – Blower door test

Results 95% Confidence Interval UncertaintyAir flow at 50 Pa, V50

[m3/h]1085 1060 1105 +/-2.0%

Air changes at 50 Pa, n50

[/h]6.601 1.320 11.90 +/-80.0%

Permeability at 50 Pa, q50

[m3/h.m2]5.255 1.050 9.461 +/-80.0%

Specific leakage at 50 Pa, w50

[m3/h.m2]29.259 5.844 52.674 +/-80.0%

Flat-Top 2013 (David Ledwith)

Flat-Top 2013

Learning Outcomes

Societal, Economic, Regulatory

01

Deep Retrofit Project Outcomes

BER of A2/A3

100% compliance as new build (Parts B, M, K & L)

Zero Surface Condensation

90% fuel cost reduction (€1,486 to €156)

100% Replicable

Further Outcomes Anticipated

Social

Fuel poverty eradication

Employment creation

Skills development

Health cost reduction

Further Outcomes Anticipated

Social Economic

Fuel poverty

Employment

Skills

Health

Carbon saving/trading

Self-funding

Sustainable

Fuel imports

Future trends in Retrofit

Recast EPBD, nZEB and Beyond

NZEB and beyond - LA’s to lead the way

Carbon Sequestration

DIT

2012

DIT

201

3

UK Zero Carbon Strategies 2016

e

Zero

carbon

Backsto

p

EPC

Backsto

p CPC

Examples of “Allowable Solutions”

Bio-digestion plant,

LED street lighting,

Upgrade of CHP plant,

Renewable wind power,

Electric car recharging station.

The Skills Deficit

Technical, Professional and Scientific

5

Key Skills for the Retrofit World

Technical

Ability to see through walls and accurately model unseen construction in detail and in 3D

Deploy high level computer energy simulations at 95% accuracy

Undertake 3-D linear thermal bridge calculation in complex geometries at 95% accuracy

Frsi

ISO 6946:2007


Technical

Assess proposals for hygrothermal effects, condensation and mould growth using questionable standards

Design mechanical ventilation systems to deliver good air quality at minimum energy

Design good daylight solutions in the face of inadequate standards

Prevent overheating


Economic

Predict future usage patterns, future energy price, carbon taxes and convert all to NPV

Predict lifecycle cost and advise on funding models not yet available using data not released

Develop design schemes based on embodied carbon and embodied energy without national databases

Do no harm to protected historic construction using untested materials & methods of construction

Acquiring the Key Skills

Education

Bachelors degree in Architecture or Arch Technology

2 years site experience, plus study, plus professional exams

1 year full time Masters Degree

Digital Analysis and Energy Retrofit with level 9 research dissertation, or

Linear Thermal Bridge and Hygrothermal analysis with level 9 building physics research dissertation

After 8 years full-time unpaid study the starting salary:

Minimum wage

New Professions?

Risk mitigation strategy

GP Orthopaedic Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon

Architect /... Retrofit Consultant- Energy modelling

- Insulation & Condensation risk

- Thermal bridge design

- Hygrothermal design

Building Physicist- Hygrothermal validation

- LTB validation

- Materials testing

- Research

Societal Needs

Minimum 80% carbon emissions reduction by 2050

40% of all emissions related to buildings

90% of all buildings standing will still be standing in

2050

90% of them need to be upgraded to a BER of A2

Biggest construction project in human history

Can it be done without specialist architects?

Government response

Springboard

Labour market activation: Unemployed

part employed

formerly self-employed

Forfas research: areas of expected economic

growth

Green economy: Retrofit (Architects)

DIT School of Architecture, Bolton St

Part time Postgraduate and Professional CPD

programmes:

DT774 Postgraduate Certificate (Digital Analysis & Energy Retrofit)

DT774a Postgraduate Diploma (Digital Analysis & Energy Retrofit)

DT774b MSc (Energy Retrofit Technology)

DT775 CPD Diploma (BIM Technologies)

DT775a CPD Diploma (Collaborative BIM)

DT775b CPD Certificate (Thermal Bridge Assessment)

DT775c Postgraduate Diploma (Thermal Performance Modelling)*

DT775d CPD Diploma (Building Environmental Assessment Methods)*

* Springboard 2013 funding application pending

Simon McGuinness, lecturer in Energy Retrofit Technology

www.dit.ie/architecture/

lessons from the gullwing (shortened version)

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