Lessons from Kathmandu Valley Earthquake Risk

Management Project

NSET-Nepalwww.nset.org.np

AUDMP Working Group Meeting, Bandung

Shiva Bahadur PradhanangRamesh Guragain

19 March 2002

NSET-NepalKVERMP/Project Performance

Performance Indicators

Base line

Life of Project Target

Project Achievement

Comment on Progress

Project Objective: Establishment of Sustainable Mechanisms for Earthquake Disaster Risk Reduction in Kathmandu Valley

Number of Institutions

None 10 Institutions

11 Institutions Municipalities have shown Interests

Changes in thinking of different institutions

Number of Earthquake Disaster Risk Reduction Plans

None 1 Plan 3 Plan KVERMP Action Plan has been prepared

DP and ER Plan for Health Sector

KV Plan prepared by JICA

Amount of Funding Committed to Earthquake Risk Reduction Projects following the start of this Project

$0 $500,000 $281,348.67(This figure

includes only the in-kind contribution to KVERMP from non-

AUDMP sources

OFDA WHO/SEARO GHI UNCRD JICA

NSET-NepalMethodology for Different Activities

Items Base Line (Prior to Project)

Project Achievement Remarks

Methodology

for hazard

assessment

Earthquake

Hazard Map

Existed for

Nepal

1. Simplified interpretative EQ hazard map prepared for KV based on 1934 EQ

2. Simplified interpretative liquefaction susceptibility map for KV

Use of

Existing

information

No new

research

Methodology

for loss

estimates

None used

for KV

1. 1934 Bihar-Nepal earthquake taken as scenario earthquake

2. ATC-13/15 used for KV scenario earthquake (for MMI IX) and loss estimation made for critical facilities and casualty. Electricity damage map Telecommunication Water supply Road/Bridges

3. Casualty estimated for empirical consideration

4. Hospital hazard map created

Found to very

simple in the case

of the lack of in-

built data, building

inventory

Replicated

under RADIUS in

9 cities

NSET-NepalMethodology for Different Activities

Items Base Line (Prior to Project)

Project Achievement Remarks

Methodology

for writing

earthquake

scenario

None 1. Loss estimation results translated into simple language understood by common man in the form of text

(Target audience: common people, teacher, student, decision maker, municipal authority, policy maker)

Found to be

very strong tool

for awareness

raising

Methodology

for

developing

action plan

for

earthquake

risk

management

None used

for KV

1. Interaction process for involving manager of critical facilities in developing doable action

Replicated

under RADIUS in

9 cities

NSET-NepalMethodology for Different Activities

Items Base Line (Prior to Project)

Project Achievement Remarks

School

Building

Vulnerability

Assessment

None 1. Vulnerability of 1100 buildings of 643 public schools assessed through workshops and subsequent survey by school teachers

Survey questionnaire designed Analysis Vulnerability assessment of

groups of school buildings

Structural

intervention

for

improving

seismic

performance

of school

buildings

None Based on the building typology, identified possible cost-effective retrofitting options for typical masonry and from buildings

Masonry buildings:Corner stitching, Horizontal bands, Vertical splints, bracing of walls

Frame buildings:Jacketing of columns, addition of shear walls etc.

NSET-NepalMethodology for Different Activities

Items Base Line

(Prior to Project)

Project Achievement Remarks

Implementation

of retrofitting of

school

buildings

(Development

of SESP

Concept)

None 1. Develop mechanism for implementation

2. Structural intervention to school buildings

3. Training to masons, teachers, students, parents etc.

Replicated in

Chamoli,Bandung

by UNCRD

Advocacy for

building code

implementation

None 1. First path Building council act passed by

parliament, council constituted Building code implementation

process started

2. Second path Worked with NBSM for developing

building code as Nepal Standards

NSET-NepalMethodology for Different Activities

Items Base Line

(Prior to Project)

Project Achievement Remarks

Public

awareness/

policy

None ESD has become a sustained activity Minister MOST is the chairman of

ESD national committee 28 members including NSET 4 ESDs completed successfully Wonderful target audience

National meeting – policy makers / donors

Symposium – professionals/decision makers

Earthquake safety rally, exhibition – all

Shake table demonstration – builders, technicians, house owners

Street drama - children

NSET-NepalMethodology for Different Activities

Items Base Line

(Prior to Project)

Project Achievement Remarks

Institutional

Development

NSET as a ERM

center in Nepal

None 1. Credible institution with mission/vision statements and strategic objectives

2. Trusted by all (Govt., NGO, Donors) OFDA JICA UNCRD OCHA etc.

3. Very wide national/international outreach of NSET

Could implement JICA program “The Study on Earthquake Disaster Mitigation in The Kathmandu Valley, kingdom of Nepal”

ADPC/AUDMP

was the starting

assistance

Fund raising None 1. In kind/cash contribution from outside AUDMP funds amounted to >60%

ADPC/AUDMP

was the starting

assistance

NSET-NepalOngoing Activities

Implementation of APIP Start September 2000 – End August 2003 Non-structural Vulnerability Reduction

• Quantitative• Qualitative • Lectures and assessment work to some

organizations SESP

• New donors like BFN, GHI and Others Awareness raising

• Publications• Radio• TV• Articles in Newspapers

NSET-NepalLessons Learned

Awareness raising became part of all project components

Low-tech approach was optimal Emphasis on community level work is

important SESP concept is very effective NGO status both helped and hindered

project implementation Institutional development is a long-term

process

NSET-NepalChallenges

Replication in Kathmandu Valley, Outside Valley, Outside Nepal

Manpower Constraint Lack of Policies Building Permit Process Earthquake Forum Problems

Many Actors, No Work

False Sense of Competition Institutional Problem

Internal External

NSET-NepalWhat Should We Continue Doing?

Policy Work-shop (With ADPC Support)

Training

Impact Assessment

Community Level Works

Awareness Raising Video

RADIUS Assessment for 58 Municipalities