TOPIC 4 – BLOOD TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM PART 2

Learning Outcomes:A – Identify, describe and explain the key terms relating to the blood transport systemCJ, CE, RM

B – Identify and describe the key terms relating to the blood transport systemSF, AC, JH,

C – Identify the key terms relating to the blood transport system JB, JB, AA, GB

Do Now Task – Attempt to define these keywords relating to lungs function (9 marks Total)

Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation

QUESTIONS

The amount of air breathed in or out per breath is the definition of what volume? (1 mark)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… What is the definition of Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)? (1 mark) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… What is the definition of Expiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)? (1 mark)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Maximal amount of air exhaled after maximal inspiration is the definition of what volume? (1 mark)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… What is residual volume? (1 mark)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… What is the equation for Total Lung Capacity? (4 marks)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

ANSWERS

INTRODUCTION

About 3% of oxygen can be dissolved in plasma and carried through the body but the rest of it has to move through the body in

a chemical combination.

This chemical combination uses the red pigment haemoglobin that is found in red blood cells.

1 haemoglobin molecule can carry a maximum of 4 molecules of oxygen

Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation

THE REACTION

Hb + O2 HbO2 (oxyhaemoglobin)This is reaction of haemoglobin combining with

oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin.This reaction is reversible and dependant on the

partial pressure of O2. This partial pressure is equivalent to its

concentration and can be known as oxygen tension

Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation

PROCESS

When all the haemoglobin is combined with oxygen it is said to be 100% saturated with O2.

This mainly occurs in the lungs when the O2 concentration is high.

Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation

PARTIAL PRESSURES

Arterial blood – Partial pressure O2 = 90-100mmHgHaemoglobin = 97-97% saturated

At the tissues – Partial pressure – 40mmHgHaemoglobin – 75% saturated

Oxygen going to working muscles – More is realised during exercise, nearly no O2 left in haemoglobin

Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation

WHAT AFFECTS IT

The amount of O2 that is realised from haemoglobin can be affected.

Acidic conditions – O2 splits easily from haemoglobin.There is a shift in the dissociation curve when this happens.

This is known as the Bohr shift. (pg. 47-48)

Why do we get more acidity in the blood?

Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation

WHAT AFFECTS IT

Temperature increase – Lowers the hold of oxygen by haemoglobin so more is realised to tissues (muscles).

When do our muscles warm up?

Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation

MYOGLOBIN

This is only found in the muscles and has a higher attraction to O2 that haemoglobin and therefore draws all the O2 to it.

It picks up all the O2 released by the haemoglobin and transports it through the muscles.

Stores extra O2 in case muscles need it.When?

Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation

CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSPORT

Make notes from page 48 on how carbon dioxide in transported through the body.

Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation

CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSPORTUnderstand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including

the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation

BLOOD PRESSURE AND VELOCITY

Use book pages 45-46 to make notes on blood pressures and velocities through all blood vessels.

Understand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation

BLOOD PRESSURE AND VELOCITYUnderstand the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide by the blood, including

the roles of haemoglobin and myoglobin in oxygen transportation