THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR – GRADES 6-8www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas

Under the St. Lawrence Seaway: A Webquest

Lesson Overview:In this lesson, students will, by identifying and researching the varying depths of water in St. Lawrence Seaway-Great Lakes System, understand the concept of bathymetry and how it influences construction for navigation and the facilitation of it. Grade Level:This lesson is appropriate for students Grades 6-8 (middle school) but can be modified for other grades. Time Required:Two class periods for this level Curriculum Connection (Province/Territory and course):Atlantic Provinces Curriculum for Social Studies: Council of Atlantic Ministers of Education and Training (CAMET): Newfoundland and Labrador (or where applicable in other jurisdictions).People, places and environment: Students will be expected to demonstrate an understanding of the interactions among various people in the community. Interdependence: Students will be expected to demonstrate an understanding of the interdependent relationships among individuals, societies and the environment – locally, nationally and globally. They will understand that interdependence is consistent and an important factor in human relations everywhere. Link to the Canadian Atlas Online (CAOL): www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas/Additional Resources, Materials and Equipment Required:LCD projectorComputer for Internet access & word processing Poster or large map of the Great Lakes Map of Canada (view online or use a wall map): http://geography.about.com/gi/dynamic/offsite.htm?site=http://atlas.gc.ca/site/english/maps/reference/national/can%5Fpolitical%5Fe/referencemap%5Fimage%5FviewStudent copies of blank outline map of Canada: http://geography.about.com/library/blank/blxcanada.htmStudent copies of blank map of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway system (use own or the one attached)Student copies of “Webquest Directions”, “Assessments 1,2,3”: (attached)

Main Objective:The primary goal of this lesson is to help students understand the importance of the construction in the St. Lawrence Seaway system.

THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR – GRADES 6-8www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas

Learning Outcomes:By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:

define bathymetry read special use maps identify various navigational tools used on the Great Lakes/St. Lawrence River understand the depths and contours of underwater features identify some of the unique features of the five Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence

River system access information from various web sources construct a profile contribute to individual and group learning activities manipulate a GIS through exploration

Note to teacher:If facilities permit, students can view “Webquest Directions” online and minimum/maximize as needed. Instruct student to fill in, save and print completed answers.

The Lesson:Development Teacher Activity Student Activity

IntroductionHow will the lesson open?

Display a large map of Canada. Review the location of each province on the map. Review the location of the Great Lakes/St. Lawrence Seaway system. Instruct students that they are to work in groups to complete a webquest:

to discover information about the physical features of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway

to research how knowing the depth of water is essential for shipping

to determine how the depth of water is measured.

Examine a map of the Canada and locate the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence Seaway

THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR – GRADES 6-8www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas

Assessment of Student Learning:

Lesson DevelopmentDetail point by point how the lesson will develop by student and teacher activity.

Distribute a blank map of the Great Lakes and instruct students to locate and label the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence Seaway on their individual maps.Divide students into groups ranging from 2-5, depending on computer availability. Ask students to follow “Student Directions”.After sufficient time, reassemble students to discuss their findings. Ask students to label locations of places in Chart 2 (or any other noted) on their individual maps.Discuss how knowing the depth of water is critical to ensuring safe shipping. Ask if they can name some devices used today to measure water depth. Discuss how difficult determining the water depth must have been in the earlier days of some parts of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway.

Locate and label the Great Lakes on your outline map of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway.

Go to computers and complete webquest.

Reassemble and discuss findings.

ConclusionHow will the lesson conclude? What final product or culminating activity is expected?

Instruct groups to construct and label their own elevation profile of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway for display on walls. Each group is also to report on what they found most interesting in their webquest.Lead final discussion to highlight key points and make connections between the presentations and the completed maps and profiles of the Great Lakes.Collect student handouts to assess quality and quantity of information gathered.

Complete profiles.

Present group reports

Complete assessment forms.

Discuss and apply what you have learned about the complexity of Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway system.

THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR – GRADES 6-8www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas

Group and peer assessmentLink to Canadian National Geography Standards:Essential Element #4: Human Systems:

Transportation and communication networks in Canada and the world Regional development in Canada and the world

Essential Element #5: Environment and Society: Effects of human modification of the physical environment (e.g. global warming,

deforestation, desertification, urbanization) Impact of natural and technological hazards/disasters on the human and physical

environment Limits and opportunities of the physical environment for human activities

Geographic Skill #1: Asking Geographic questions: Where is it located? Identify geographic issues, define geographic problems and pose geographic

questions.Geographic Skill #2: Acquiring Geographic information:

Locate, gather and process information from a variety of primary and secondary resources including maps.

Make and record observations about the physical and human characteristics of places.

Use a variety of research skills to locate and collect geographic data. Use maps to collect and/or compile geographic information.

Geographic Skill #3: Organizing Geographic Information: Prepare various forms of maps as a means of organizing geographic information. Construct graphs, maps, tables and diagrams to display geographic information.

Geographic Skill #4: Analyzing Geographic Information: Interpret information obtained from maps.

Geographic Skill 5: Answering Geographic Questions:

Present geographic information in the form of both oral and written reports accompanied by maps and graphics.

Under the St. Lawrence Seaway: A Webquest

THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR – GRADES 6-8www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas

Student DirectionsUsing the web links given, fill in the following:

Go to: http://www.answers.com/topic/bathymetryWrite the definition of “bathymetry”: _____________________________Go to: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/55994/bathymetry

What was the earliest way to measure bathymetry? _________________Go to: http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas/themes.aspx?id=mixedwood&sub=mixedwood_features_seawayFill in:Surface area of lakes Superior, Huron, Michigan, Erie and Ontario: __________________Percent of the world’s freshwater in the lakes: ___________________________________Volume of water in lakes: ___________________________________________________Drop in elevation from west to east: ___________________________________________Linked to the Atlantic Ocean by: ______________________________________________The St. Lawrence Seaway is: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Number of canals: __________________________________________________________Number of locks: ___________________________________________________________Maximum draft of a ship using the St. Lawrence: _________________________________ Below is a chart (Chart 1) to fill in before proceeding. Estimate the depth of water at the points given:Body of Water Estimated average Actual Depth Lake SuperiorLake HuronLake MichiganLake OntarioLake St. ClairLake ErieSt. Lawrence River

Lake St. Clair is not considered a ‘Great Lake’ because of its size. But it is an important section of the Great Lakes/St. Lawrence Seaway. Why?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________On the same website, http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas/themes.aspx?id=mixedwood&sub=mixedwood_features_seaway click each lake on the map animation and record the depth of each lake and record next to your estimate. Were you close? Go to: http://www.great-lakes.net/Click on the “Maps and GIS” (GIS means “Geographic Information System”)On the left toolbar, click on “Build Your Own Map” At the bottom of the map image, you will see “Select Topic, Layer, and Style”Click on “elevation” on the list.When the menu drops down, click on the boxes next to all six lakes. (Clicking on the box means you are turning on a “layer”)Click “submit” to display your requested layers.To view your map, click on “View full screen”.

THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR – GRADES 6-8www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas

On the zoom button found on the left-hand side of the screen, move the scale up two points. Be patient as displaying this information will take time.Does the information match your chart? _________________________________________You can explore your map by placing the cursor on the map and holding down on the left click. Move your mouse and the map will move.More bathymetric views can be seen at:http://www.glerl.noaa.gov/pr/ourlakes/lakes.htmlOnce the lakes were discovered as deep enough to carry huge ships, a way to the ocean was needed. But other problems existed.

Can you think of what these problems might be? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Go to: http://www.ec.gc.ca/soer-ree/English/soer/1996Report/Doc/1-6-6-3-2-1.cfmScroll down to Figure 6.1i: Depth and elevation profile of the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence RiverYou have now concluded that the lakes are at different elevations, so getting into one lake from another would be a problem and that water depth in some areas might not be as deep as in others.Next we are going to explore different points on the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway system, which posed problems for those building the highway link to the sea.Follow the directions to each website for the information and fill in the chart (Chart 2):

Location ProblemMontreal

http://www.pc.gc.ca/eng/lhn-nhs/qc/canallachine/activ/activ4/o.aspx

Kingston

http://www.realontario.ca/index.php/superior-category-blog/56-north-of-superior

Lake Ontario/Lake Erie

http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=3712408452644869881

Lake Saint Clair

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Saint_Clair_(North_America)

Saint Mary’s River

http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=a1ARTA0007095

Sault Ste. Marie http://www.exploringthenorth.com/soo/locks.html

THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR – GRADES 6-8www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas

What methods do you think are used today to measure water depth for shipping hazards? Search the following:http://www.dosits.org/people/navigatn/2.htmhttp://www.punaridge.org/doc/factoids/Sound/Default.htmhttp://www.3hconsulting.com/MeasurementsDepth.htmhttp://oceanservice.noaa.gov/topics/navops/marinenav/_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Go to:http://www.greatlakes-seaway.com/en/seaway/vital/index.htmlhttp://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/greatlk.htmRecord five interesting things to share:

1. ___________________________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________________________ 3. ___________________________________________________________________ 4. ___________________________________________________________________ 5. ___________________________________________________________________

Complete the following:The most interesting thing that I learned from the webquest is:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I would like to find out more about:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson Extension;For a Great Lakes Tour go to: http://www.glerl.noaa.gov/pr/ourlakes/gl_tour.html

Under the St. Lawrence Seaway: A Webquest Self-Evaluation

Name _____________________ Date ___________________________

1. What was the topic of the project?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR – GRADES 6-8www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas

2. What did you learn from this group process?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3. Why were you a good team member? What did you do or say?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4. What could your team do next time to work together better?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I think I deserve the following grade for this activity: ___________________I think this should be my grade because: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Teacher Comments:

Team Assessment:Complete the following questions as a team:

Low High

1. Did all of the members of the group contribute ideas?1 2 3 4 5

2. Did all of the members of the group listen carefully 1 2 3 4 5 to other group members?

THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR – GRADES 6-8www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas

3. Did all of the members of our group encourage 1 2 3 4 5 other members to contribute, participate and share tasks?

4. Three ways we helped each other to do the assigned tasks were:__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

5. One difficulty our group had was (explain fully): _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________6. To resolve the situation we: _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Group signatures:

Under the St. Lawrence Seaway: A Webquest

Assessment RubricGroup: ___________________________________________________________________

Criterion Inadequate

Average

Exceptional

Following directions 1 2 3 4 5

Attention to detail 1 2 3 4 5

Task on time 1 2 3 4 5

THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR – GRADES 6-8www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas

Initiative and independence 1 2 3 4 5

Cooperation/group dynamics 1 2 3 4 5

Map structure/elements 1 2 3 4 5

Quality/accuracy of profile 1 2 3 4 5

Level of innovation and creativity

1 2 3 4 5

Product presentation: grammar, writing style, clarity and format.

1 2 3 4 5

Achievement of assignment outcomes/expectations

1 2 3 4 5

Effectiveness of information presentation

1 2 3 4 5

Total

Teacher comments:

THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR – GRADES 6-8www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas