lesson 4—a drink in the passage btlew lesson four a drink in the passage

Lesson 4—A Drink in the Passage

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Lesson FourLesson Four

A Drink in the A Drink in the PassagePassage


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I. Video Show

II. Famous Lines from

Cry, the Beloved Country


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IV.IV. Famous Lines from Cry, the Famous Lines from Cry, the Beloved CountryBeloved Country

Cry, The Beloved Country is the famous African novel by Alan Paton. The story follows the journey a minister, who travels to the big city in search of his prodigal son. Cry, the Beloved Country is said to have been inspired (or influenced) by In a Province (1934). Alan Paton started the novel in 1946, and the book was finally published in 1948. Here are some famous lines from Cry, the Beloved Country by Alan Paton.


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“One day in Johannesburg, and already the tribe was being rebuilt, the house and soul being restored.”—Alan Paton, Cry, the Beloved Country, Chapter 6 “In a land of fear this incorruptibility is like a lamp set upon a stand, giving light to all that are in the house.”—Alan Paton, Cry, the Beloved Country, Chapter 22



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“I have learned that kindness and love can pay for pain and suffering.”—Alan Paton, Cry, the Beloved Country, Chapter 30 “But when the dawn will come, of our emancipation, from the fear of bondage and the bondage of fear, why, that is a secret.”—Alan Paton, Cry, the Beloved Country, Chapter 35 “Nothing is ever quiet, except for fools.”—Alan Paton, Cry, the Beloved Country, Chapter 26



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“It is not permissible to add to one’s possessions if these things can only be done at the cost of other men. Such development has only one true name, and that is exploitation.”—Alan Paton, Cry, the Beloved Country, Chapter 20 “The truth is, our civilization is not Christian; it is a tragic compound of great ideal and fearful practice, of loving charity and fearful clutching of possessions.”—Alan Paton, Cry, the Beloved Country, Chapter 21



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I. Author

II. His Works

III. Apartheid


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Alan Paton (1903-1988)

“I do not like to mention it

But there is a voice I cannot silence.”

—Paton

Paton, craggy old liberal, hater of and hated by aparthei

d, loved and unloved by the ANC, famous for Cry, the Bel

oved Country.

I.I. Author Author

To be continued on the next page.


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Alan Paton was born in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. He started his career by teaching at a school in Ixopo. The dramatic career change to director of a reformatory for black youths at Diepkloof, near Johannesburg, had a profound effect on his thinking. The publication of Cry, the Beloved Country (1948) made him one of South Africa’s best known writers, and by the time he died, it had sold over 15 million copies. Following his non-racial ideals, he helped to found the South African Liberal Party and became its president.

I.I. Author Author


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II.II. His WorksHis WorksCry, the Beloved Country

Perhaps the most famous novel to come out of South Africa, Paton’s 1948 work brought to the notice of the world the dilemmas of ordinary South Africans living under an oppressive system, one which threatened to destroy their very humanity. Informed by Paton’s Christian and liberal beliefs, the novel tells of a rural Zulu parson’s heart-breaking search for his son, who has been drawn into the criminal underworld of the city. Cry, the Beloved Country has sold millions of copies around the world.



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III. ApartheidIII. Apartheid


South Africa was colonized by the English and

Dutch in the 17th century. English domination of

the Dutch descendents (known as Boers or

Afrikaners) resulted in the Dutch establishing the

new colonies of Orange Free State and Transvaal.

The discovery of diamonds in these lands around

1900 resulted in an English invasion which sparked

the Boer War. Following independence from

England, an uneasy power-sharing between the two

groups held sway until the 1940’s, when the


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Afrikaner National Party was able to gain a strong

majority.

Strategists in the National Party invented

apartheid as a means to cement their control over

the economic and social system. Initially, aim of the

apartheid was to maintain white domination while

extending racial separation. Starting in the 1960s, a

plan of “Grand Apartheid” was executed,

emphasizing territorial separation and police

repression.


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With the enactment of apartheid laws in 1948, racial discrimination was institutionalized. Race laws touched every aspect of social life, including a prohibition of marriage between non-whites and whites, and the sanctioning of “white-only” jobs. In 1950, the Population Registration Act required that all South Africans be racially classified into one of three categories: white, black (African), or colored (of mixed decent). The coloured category included


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major subgroups of Indians and Asians.

Classification into these categories was based on

appearance, social acceptance, and descent. Non-

compliance with the race laws were dealt with

harshly. All blacks were required to carry “pass

books” containing fingerprints, photo and

information on access to non-black areas. In 1953,

the Public Safety Act and the Criminal Law

Amendment Act were passed, which empowered the

government to declare stringent states of


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emergency and increased penalties for protesting

against or supporting the repeal of a law. The

penalties included fines, imprisonment and

whippings. In 1960, a large group of blacks in

Sharpeville refused to carry their passes; the

government declared a state of emergency. The

emergency lasted for 156 days, leaving 69 people

dead and 187 people wounded. Wielding the Public

Safety Act and the Criminal Law Amendment Act,


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the white regime had no intention of changing the

unjust laws of apartheid.

The penalties imposed on political protest, even

non-violent protest, were severe. During the states

of emergency which continued intermittently until

1989, anyone could be detained without a hearing

by a low-level police official for up to six months.

Thousands of individuals died in custody, frequently

after gruesome acts of torture. Those who were




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tried were sentenced to death, banished, or

imprisoned for life, like Nelson Mandela. The

apartheid policy was highly effective of

achieving its goal of preferential treatment for

whites, as is demonstrated by the statistics in

Figure 1.




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Plot: a well-educated black finds himself cordially

invited to split a bottle with a white man in

the passage of the latter’s apartment

building

Setting: social setting: Apartheid South Africa in

1960

story setting: in the passage

Protagonists: “I”—the black sculptor

Writing techniques: go to Writing Devices

Theme of the story: go to the next page


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Theme

The story tells us how racial prejudice can

prevent us reaching, touching and connecting

with each other. This invisible wall exists

between the white and the black and hampers

their free communication and full understanding.

It is not just a wall imposed by apartheid laws,

but a wall deeply rooted in their hearts.


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Part 1 (Paras. 1-6 ) about:

Part 2 (Paras. 7-76) about:

Structure

Against what

background and from

whom the story comes

How the story goes


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Now observe the following sentences carefully. What is the focus of narration? Then one night I was working late at the Herald, and when I came out there was hardly anyone in the streets, so I thought I’d go and see the window, and indulge certain pleasurable human feelings. I must have got a little lost in the contemplation of my own genius, because suddenly there was a young white man standing next to me. (Para. 9)

the first person point of view

Point of View


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Do you know what the other

types of narration are?What is point of view?

Point of view signifies the way a story gets

told—the mode (or modes) established by an

author by means of which the reader is

presented with the characters, dialogue, actions,

setting, and events which constitute the

narrative in a work of fiction.

Point of View


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This narrative mode limits the matter of the narrative to what the first-person narrator knows, experiences, infers, or can find out by talking to other characters. We distinguish between the narrative “I” who is only a fortuitous witness and auditor of the matters he relates (Marlow in Heart of Darkness); or who is a participant, but only a minor or peripheral one, in the story (Nick in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby); or who is himself or herself the central character in the story (Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre).

The first person point of viewWhat is the first person

point of view?


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Now study the following paragraph. What is the

function of it?

He said to me. “This is the second cognac I’ve

had in my life. Would you like to hear the story of

how I had my first?” (Para. 6)

Do you know what flashback means?

This paragraph serves to introduce a flashback.

Flashback


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Can you come up with a story told in a flashback?

What is flashback?

Flashbacks are interpolated narratives or

scenes (often justified, or naturalized, as a

memory, a reverie, or a confession by one of the

characters) which represent events that

happened before the time at which the work

opened. Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman

(1949) and Ingmar Bergman’s film Wild

Strawberries make persistent and skillful use of

this device.

Flashback


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1. metaphor2. simile&

alliteration

3. simile

Now study the following sentences and tell us what figurative speech is used in each and how it contributes to the expressive effect of the language.1. It’s also the first time I’ve drunk a brandy so slowly. In Orlando you develop a throat of iron. (Para.5)2. He sat slumped in his seat, like a man with a burden of incomprehensible, insoluble grief. (Para. 75)3. What he was thinking, God knows, but I was thinking he was like a man trying to run a race in iron shoes, and not understanding why he cannot move. (Para. 75)

Figurative Language


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abreastabreast

ablaze

abreast

abroad

ahead

aside

着火，燃烧

并肩，并排，并列

在国外，到国外

向前，在前头

在一边

prefix

a-: in, on, at, by, with, to


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expelexpel

prefix

root

exclude

expose

extract

excavate

expel

ex-: out

排斥，排外

展出，揭露

抽出，拔出

挖出，发掘

赶出，逐出


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incomprehensibleincomprehensible

prefix

incomprehensible

inarticulate

insoluble

indisputable

inhuman

inhospitable

inharmonious

in-: not

不能理解的，难懂的

说不出的，不能言喻的

（问题等）不能解决的

无可争辩的，无可置疑的

无人性的；非人的

不好客的，不殷勤的

不和谐的，不合调的


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expelexpel

prefix

root

compel

dispel

expel

impel

propel

propeller

repel

pel: to push, to drive

强迫，被迫，迫使消除，驱散，赶走开除，驱逐，赶走迫使，驱使推进，推动推进器，螺旋桨击退，使厌恶，抵制


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avertavert

prefix

root

avertrevertdivertconvertpervertinvertintrovertextrovertsubvert

vert: to turn

转移（目光，思想等），防止使颠倒，使回转，回复转移，转向变换，转变反常使颠倒，使转化，转化的使内向，内省，内向性格的人外向性格的人推翻，颠覆

lesson 4—a drink in the passage btlew lesson four a drink in the passage

Documents

beloved country slide

paton paton

beloved country famous

passage btlew alan paton

passage btlew lesson

passage btlew slide

btlew iv

apartheidapartheid slide