lesson 4 pptx plants bacteria viruses and fungi
TRANSCRIPT
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Cambridge IGCSE Biology
Extended Level
Classification
Plants, Bacteria, Viruses
and Fungi
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You should be able to:
•List the main visible features of
monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous
flowering plants.
•List the main features of viruses, bacteria
and fungi, and their adaptations to the
environment
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Flowering plants are classified into
two groups: Monocotyledonous plants
1 cotyledon
strap like leaves
parallel veins
flower parts divisible by 3
example: kaffir lily
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Flowering plants are classified into
two groups: Dicotyledonous plants
2 cotyledons
broad leaves
branching veins
flower parts divisible by 4
or 5
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Comparing monocotyledons and
dicotyledons:
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Which plant is a monocotyledon
and which is a dicotyledon?
dicotyledon monocotyledon
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You should be able to:
•List the main visible features of
monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous
flowering plants.
•List the main features of viruses, bacteria
and fungi, and their adaptations to the
environment
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Bacteria are single celled
organisms •Bacteria cells are about 1/1000th the size of animal or plant cells.
cell membrane
cytoplasm
DNA
cell wall
slime capsule
made of peptidoglycans
no nucleus, DNA is one long strand kept in the cytoplasm
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Viruses are not classified as living
things as they are not made of cells
•Viruses are very small, approximately 100nm
across (1nm = 1/1000 000 of a mm)
proteins of the virus coat
RNA
cross section of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
10nm
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Viruses reproduce by invading
other cells
1. Virus attaches to cell membrane
2. Virus RNA enters cell
3. DNA copy of the RNA is made
4. Nucleus makes copies of the virus RNA
5. Virus cores are made in the cytoplasm
6. New viruses leave the cell
White blood cell (lymphocyte)
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The main body of a fungus is the
mycelium, which is made of hyphae •Fungal cells have cell walls made of substances such as chitin
Mucor growing on moist bread
hyphae of Mucor mycelium: Secrete digestive enzymes
sporangium containing spores mushroom
spores produced here
hyphae of mushroom mycelium
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Now you should be able to:
•List the main visible features of
monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous
flowering plants.
•List the main features of viruses, bacteria
and fungi, and their adaptations to the
environment