lesson 1: what causes earth’s seasons? lesson 2: how do earth and the moon interact? lesson 3:...

LESSON 1 : WHAT CAUSES EARTH’S SEASONS?

LESSON 2 : HOW DO EARTH AND THE MOON INTERACT?

LESSON 3 : WHAT IS THE SOLAR SYSTEM?

Chapter 10Earth’s Place in the Solar

System

Lesson 1: What Causes Earth’s Seasons?

VocabularyAxis: a line - that you cannot see – from the

top of the Earth, through the center of the Earth, to the bottom of the Earth.

Rotation: the spinning of Earth on its axis.Revolution: the movement of the Earth one

time around the Sun.


How Earth MovesEarth is always travelling and spinning.Earth’s axis is titled.Earth moves in two ways: rotation and

revolution. The spinning of Earth on its axis is called rotation.

One rotation takes one day - 24 hours. Earth also revolves around the Sun.

One revolution is one year - 365 days.


SeasonsSome parts of Earth have four seasons.Because Earth is tilted on its axis, some parts

are titled toward the Sun while others are titled away.

Places where the sun’s rays strike directly are warmer than where the rays strike at a slant.


Day and NightAs it rotates:

Half of Earth faces the Sun and has daytime. Half of Earth faces away from the Sun and had

nighttime.It can’t be the same time everywhere, so time

zones were created.

Lesson 2: How Do Earth and the Moon Interact?

VocabularyMoon Phases: the different shapes that the

Moon seems to have in the sky when it is observed from Earth.

Lunar Cycle: the pattern of phases of the Moon.

Lunar Eclipse: an event in which Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon.

Solar Eclipse: an event that occurs when the Moon blocks the sunlight from reaching Earth and the Moon’s shadow falls on Earth.


Phases of the MoonDifferent shapes of the moon that we see are

called moon phases.The Moon does not really change, just how

we see it. The amount of sunlight reflecting off of it cause the

different shapes.The Moon revolves around the Earth.Lunar Cycle lasts 29 days.


Eclipses of the MoonSometimes the Moon moves into Earth’s

shadow. This is called a lunar eclipse.During a total lunar eclipse, the Moon can

appear to be red.Lunar eclipses can only happen during the

full moon phase.A partial lunar eclipse is when the Moon

passes through only part of Earth’s shadow.


Eclipses of the SunThe Moon can block sunlight from Earth.

This is called a solar eclipse.When the Moon moves between the Sun and

the Earth, the sky gets dark for a few minutes.

Since the Moon is small, a solar eclipse can be viewed from only a few places on Earth each time.

Lesson 3: What Is the Solar System?

VocabularyPlanet: a large body of rock or gas in space.Orbit: the path a planet takes as it revolves

around the Sun.Solar System: the Sun, the planets and their

moons, and the small objects that orbit the Sun.

Star: a hot ball of glowing gases that gives off energy.

Constellation: a group of stars that appear to form the shape of an animal, a person, or an object.


The Solar SystemOur solar system includes:

Sun Objects orbiting the Sun:

Eight planets and their moons Dwarf planets Comets Asteroids


The SunCenter of our solar systemBiggest object in our solar systemOne of many, many stars in the universeClosest star to EarthLight energy from the Sun is very important

to Earth Helps plants grow Keeps Earth warm


The Inner PlanetsMercury, Venus, Earth, and MarsThey look like stars, but their light is steady.Rocky surfacesSmaller than the outer planetsWarmer than the outer planets


The Outer Planets… and PlutoJupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

Mostly made of gases Very large Have many moons

…and Pluto Small Made of rock and ice 2006: removed from the planet list “dwarf planet”


Patterns of StarsConstellations are groups of stars that appear

to form patterns Animals People Objects

Looking for constellations helps people find stars

lesson 1: what causes earth’s seasons? lesson 2: how do earth and the moon interact? lesson 3:...

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