lesson 1-8
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Lesson 1-8. Laboratory Math and Reagent Preparation. Overview. Laboratory reagents Chemical purity Laboratory reagent water Pipet use Safety Quality assessment Formulas for preparing solutions Making dilutions. Terms. Solution Solvent Solute Dilution. Common Laboratory Reagents. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Lesson 1-8
Laboratory
Math and Reagent Preparation
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Overview
• Laboratory reagents– Chemical purity
• Laboratory reagent water• Pipet use• Safety• Quality assessment• Formulas for preparing solutions• Making dilutions
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Terms
• Solution
• Solvent
• Solute
• Dilution
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Common Laboratory Reagents
• Disinfectants
• Dilute acids
• Stock solutions
• Working solutions
• Controls
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Chemical Purity
• Use reagent or analytical grade
• Ultrapure sometimes required
• Lower grades not used include:– Technical grade– Practical– Commercial
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Laboratory Reagent Water
• Types specified by CLSI
• Made by further treatment of– Distilled water– Deionized water– Reverse osmosis water
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Laboratory Reagent Water
• CLSI – grades of water– Clinical Laboratory Reagent Water (CLRW)– Special reagent water– Instrument feed water– Autoclave and wash water– Commercially bottled purified water
• See Table 1-34
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Pipets
• TD or TC
• Volumetric pipets
• Serological/graduated pipets
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Pipetting Aids
• Manual
• Battery or electrical
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Micropipetters
• Advantages– Disposable tips– Adjustable volumes– Improved accuracy– Improved reproducibility
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Micropipetters
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Safety
• Chemical hazards– Consult MSDS
• Biological hazards– biological controls
• Physical hazards
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Quality Assessment
• Correct formulas
• Correct calculations
• Pipet techniques
• Selection of labware
• Reagent storage
• Expiration dates
• Test new reagents
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Preparing Dilutions
• Using proportion to make a dilution
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Preparing Dilutions
• Using a concentrate to make a dilute solution
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Preparing Dilutions
• Using ratios to prepare dilutions
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Preparing Percentage Solutions
• Weight/volume
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Preparing Percentage Solutions
• Volume/volume
• Weight/weight
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Preparing Molar Solutions
• Molar (M) solution = moles solute per liter solution (mol/L)– Formula weight– Mole
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Serial Dilutions
• Two-fold dilution series
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Compound Dilutions