leslie cordes - clean cooking solutions a key component of energy access in asia

7/31/2019 Leslie Cordes - Clean Cooking Solutions a Key Component of Energy Access in Asia

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Clean Cooking Solutions: A Key Component of

Energy Access in Asia

ABD Clean Energy Week

Leslie Cordes, UN Foundation

June 7, 2012


2/22

3 billion people still cook on traditional or open fire stoves fueledby biomass, and 2m die annually from smoke exposure

Women cook and are disproportionately affected Personal security at risk when out searching for fuel

Health risks such as pneumonia, heart and lung disease, burns

Opportunity costs are high High levels of drudgery labor intensive and dangerous activities

Time saved and/or better quality time

Children could be in school

Environment is impacted and climate change exacerbated Deforestation, soil erosion, food insecurity

The Situation Today


3/22

Major Burden of Disease -- 10 Leading Risk Factors in

Poor Developing Countries

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0

Cholesterol

Tobacco

Blood pressure

Vitamin A deficiency

Iron deficiency

Zinc deficiency

Indoor smoke from solid fuels

Unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene

Unsafe sex

Underweight

% DALYs

Major Burden of Disease -- 10 Leading Risk Factors in

Poor Developing Countries

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0

Cholesterol

Tobacco

Blood pressure

Vitamin A deficiency

Iron deficiency

Zinc deficiency

Indoor smoke from solid fuels

Unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene

Unsafe sex

Underweight

% DALYs

One of the Top Five Health Risks

Indoor smoke from cookstoves leads to almost 2 million

premature deaths each year nearly all among young

children and women.


4/22

Alliance National Partner Deaths per year from HAP

Afghanistan 54,000

Bangladesh 49,400

Cambodia 6,600

China 548,000

Laos 2,600

Nepal 8,700

Vietnam 23,800

World Health Organization data, 2009


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Highly

Fragmented

No one-size-fits-all

solution Cross-cuttingnature of

issue makescoordinationchallenging

Multiplecustomersegments,urban and

rural

Thousands ofmanufacturers

of differentsizes andcapacities

Mixed sectortrack record

in actualadoption

Positivedirectionalindicators,but solid

evidence yetto be built

Variety offuels alongthe energy

ladder

Many actorsoften

working intheir own

silos

Market Today is Fragmented


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End Phase3 2018-20

Key Message for Phase3

Need for an Alliance to Help Drive the Sector

Drive comprehensive vision and strategy to address householdcooking energy issues at scaleand achieve our 100 millionhousehold adoption goal by the year 2020.

Ensure an aligned and cohesive set of stakeholders and actions toenable the market globally and in priority countries.

Generate awareness of the issue at the community andhousehold level to ensure sustained adoption by consumers, andthe global and national levels by high-level policy makers, donors,and private sector players.

Raise more resources for the sector, on par with other

comparable risks and issues (e.g. energy access, unsafe water,malaria, HIV/AIDS, TB).

Coordinate a wide-range of solutions to address complex barriersand inefficiencies.

6


7/22

What Has Stymied Wide Scale Adoption

of Clean Cookstoves and Fuels?

Our understanding of the many benefits of improved cookstoves and

clean fuels remains inadequate.

Solutions did not always meet users needs or were otherwise impractical.

Past efforts were often based on unsustainable subsidies or giveaways.

Little awareness of the health, environmental, and gender risks withinaffected populations and among politicians and their institutions.

Scant testing, monitoring, or evaluation of cookstove and fuels programs.

Donor community was not familiar with the issue.

Supply chain could not always deliver a clean cooking solution at a price

people could afford.

Lack of a well coordinated global strategy with common milestones to

address these risks.

No technology standards which hampered investment in the sector


8/22

Development of new stove technologies

Private sector interest in Base of Pyramid

Convergence of players and new approaches

Availability of innovative carbon and micro financing

Strong empirical evidence on health and environmental effects

Ownership and excitement at national country level

New Momentum for Support

of Clean Cooking Solutions


9/22


10/22

Alliance Principles

Focus on high quality approaches that can be brought to scale

Be technology and fuel neutral but gradually drive solutions andmarkets towards advanced or super-clean options

Build on the ongoing tremendous work, knowledge, and expertise ofour partners within the sector without reinventing the wheel orduplicating efforts

Bring new partners and donors to the table

Foster a market-basedapproach (without directly selling stoves) to

reach and sustain scale, while also ensuring that vulnerablepopulations have access to clean cooking solutions

Metrics and evaluation will be a key component of our approach

10


11/22

Alliance Convened the Sector

to Develop a Cohesive Strategy

More than 350

practitioners and other experts

11 expert Working Groups

6 months of engagement

Strategy report releasedin November 2011!


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Alliance Global Value Propositions

End Phase3 2018-20

Key Message for Phase3

Catalyze the

Sector andBrokerPartnerships

PromoteInternational

Standards

Champion theIssue

CoordinateSector

Knowledge andResearch

Enable Markets

MobilizeResources


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The Alliances Theory of Change

Universal Adoption of Clean Cookstoves and Fuels

Development of a Thriving Global Market

Adoption by 100 million households by 2020

Phase 3 Establish thriving and sustainable globalmarket for clean cookstoves

Phase 2 Drive investments, innovations, andoperations to scale

Phase 1 Launch global and in country efforts to rapidlygrow sector

Catalyze

Sector

and Broker

Partnerships

ConstantStoveandFuelQuality

Improvement

EnhanceDemand

Strengthen Supply Foster EnablingEnvironment

Coordinate

Knowledge

Mobilize

Resources

Champion

Issue

Enable

Markets

Promote

Standards

13Draft


14/22

Critical Research Well Underway Along with

Tools to Catalyze Action and Build Momentum

Child Survival RFA released inApril ~ $1m with match nowprovided by NIH

Climate Mapping RFP to bereleased end of May ~ $500k

Gender and Livelihood Researchin June ~ $250k

Testing Center RFA to bereleased by early July ~ $1.5m

Innovative Business Models ~$1m in July/August

Capacity building and workingcapital fund RFA to be launchedin October ~ $3m

Filling in the evidence gaps Developing online communitiesof practice

and Biennial Clean Cookstove

Conference in Asia next Spring14


15/22

Two Track Approach to Enabling Markets

15

Engage

Government

Market

Intelligence

(Open Source)

Technology and

Manufacturing

Access to Finance

(all types)

Innovation

Standards and

TestingGeneral Sector

Support:

- Mobilize

Resources

- Champion

Sector- Knowledge Hub

- Catalyze sector

and broker

partnerships

- M+E

- Strengthen

Evidence Base

Capacity Development

EntrepreneurTraining

Reaching theLast-Mile

Consumer

Research

Activities for the public good that

benefit the entire sector

Tailored support that focuses limited

resources on driving scale


16/22

Potential Target Countries - Phase I

Alliance Role Potential Target Countries forPhase 1**

Transformative; likely to

require engagement of 5+

years; multiple intervention

strategies and actions

East Africa region (Kenya,

Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda),

Ethiopia, Bangladesh,

Vietnam

Targeted intervention; likely

1- 3 years of engagement;

extrapolation of learnings

applicable to other partners

Indonesia, Ghana, Nigeria,

Guatemala, Mexico, Peru

Sharing of knowledge and

practices; country tool kits;

brokering partnerships

among stakeholders

All other partner countries

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China and India will have unique leadership roles within the Alliance.**Countries to be finalized after all stakeholder consultation meetings.

Focus

Countries

Active

Countries

Partner

Countries


17/22

A Robust Data Driven Approach to Prioritize

Countries for Alliance Engagement

Health impact (as % of total deaths) Relevance to other countries (in region and beyond) Environmental impacts (deforestation, desertification, biodiversity, and air

pollution) Potential indicators for gender/livelihoods

Potential Impact

(25%)

Households affected

Extent of current market activity (stoves being sold, potential market, etc.)

Structure of potential consumer financing (MFIs, credit unions, etc.)

Political will, governance/flag instability, ease of doing business Lessons from past or present national cookstove programs

Scalability/Potential

Contribution to 100 million

(25%)

Traditional market-based approach in this sector and others

Active implementing partners

Potential implementing partners

Current national cookstove programs

Opportunity to Test InnovativeBusiness Models (25%)

Donor priority/interest Partner activities

Complementary UN Foundation programmingLeveraging Other Resources (12.5%)

% of Solid Fuel Use

Rural Population

Income per day (USD)

Large humanitarian presence

Greatest Need

(12.5%)

17


18/22

Alliance will Target Key Customer Segments

Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 3

Rural

households

earning

between $2/day

and wage

required for LPG

Easy to reach

rural

households

(based on

presence of

existing stove

businesses,

population

density, access

to consumer

finance, etc.)

Urban

households

spending more

than 20% of

their daily

income on fuel

Relatively

easy-to-reach

that are located

in regions

where fuel

production(especially

charcoal) is

causing high

deforestation

Households

that can be

reached via

existing

innovativedistribution

models,

companies,

NGOs,

membership

organizations or

MFIs that couldadd clean

cookstoves to

their portfolio


19/22

Mainstreaming Gender in the Alliance

Gender focal point

Gender Cross-Cutting Committee Define and distribute gender-informed best practices

for stove businesses

If appropriate, gender requirements in RFPs

Gender baseline assessments in focus countries

Gender action planning for Alliance and partners

Specific partner engagement strategies for

organizations focused on gender and empowerment

Gender-informed M&E (disaggregated data, gender-

sensitive methodologies, etc.)


20/22

Metrics Will be a Key Focus of Alliance

The Alliance will define, measure, and report on keyachievement and learning goals for its clean cookstoves andfuels adoption work

Key principles:

State a clear theory of change and defined goals at the impactand outcome level

Involve key stakeholders in design and implementation ofmonitoring and evaluation work with ongoing engagementthroughout effort

Maintain accountability in all Alliance programs

Define clear metrics for sector-level, partner-level, andSecretariat-level work

Document key findings, best practices, and lessons learned andshare among the clean cookstove and fuel community and otherrelevant stakeholders


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Broader sector outcomes that the Alliance Secretariat seeks to influence

or affect by its activities or funding(e.g. trade policies, funding by donor governments, etc)

Impacts in the sector that occur as a result of Alliance Secretariatactivities in the sector

(e.g. national commitment or programs that result from Alliance)

Broader outcomes in which Alliance Secretariat contributessignificantly to achievements in the field

(e.g. Secretariat funded activities of Alliance partners)

Outcomes for which Alliance Secretariat is directly responsible(e.g. advocacy, communications, awareness raising, fundraising,

championing the sector)

Alliance Sphere of

Influence

Alliance

Sphere of

Impact

Alliance

Sphere of

Contribution

Alliance

Sphere of

Control

Alliance Impact in the Sector


22/22

What Does Success Look

Like in 10 Years Time?

Demonstration of the health, climate and economic benefits of clean andefficient cooking solutions through development of a robust research,monitoring and evaluation agenda;

Adoption of 100 million clean and efficient cookstoves by 2020 (roughly 20percent of the globally affected population);

Investments to address the issue on par with funding for other publichealth and environmental risks of a similar severity; and

Development of a mature global cookstoves sector that can supply cleanand efficient cooking solutions stoves and/or fuels within and to thedeveloping world at scale and at low cost.

leslie cordes - clean cooking solutions a key component of energy access in asia

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