Legalizing Markets in Live Kidney Donation

By: Student DENG 1510 (Research Powerpoint)

When one is looking into the Possibilities of legalizinga market, particularly with Kidney donation, the

benefits out weigh the risks.

http://www.giftoflife.on.ca/page.cfm?id=13451415-652c-4a85-9be9-063a0cd442ac

Background• Past Decade Dramatic Decrease in Organ

Donation, While need for organs still very much present.

• First Started With Dogs.

• 1954 Was first successful Human Transplant.

•Creation of Cyclosporin.

http://www.livestrong.com/article/96860-side-effects-cyclosporine/

Kidney Disease •Getting Kidney disease in the future, after

donating a kidney.

• Kidney Disease affects both kidneys.

•Outcome is the same: Dialysis.

• Same rate of survival.

http://medicineworld.org/cancer/lead/9-2007/better-alternatives-for-dialysis-patients.html

Implied Coercion• Illegal In every country, excluding Iran.

• Target the Poor.

• People have the right to say no.

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://image.shutterstock.com/display_pic_with_logo/64095/64095,1180527484,3/stock-photo-a-suited-hand-handing-some-money-to-a-poor-looking-hand-3414422.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-3414422/stock-photo-a-suited-hand-handing-some-money-to-a-poor-looking-hand.html&usg=__NcndnHJqpJdHFmK1sEUMc_7rFCc=&h=233&w=450&sz=24&hl=en&start=30&zoom=1&tbnid=zcMiYJEAjmfxxM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=207&prev=/images%3Fq%3Drich%2Bgiving%2Bpoor%2Bmoney%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D1092%26bih%3D603%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:10%2C1110&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=116&vpy=294&dur=3342&hovh=161&hovw=312&tx=182&ty=98&ei=vf8ETY2SH8bTngfll6jlDQ&oei=sv8ETcB3wZicB9up6YcB&esq=3&page=3&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:10,s:30&biw=1092&bih=603

Misuse and Abuse• Black Market Failures.

•Going to Foreign Countries.

•Organ Trafficking comes from Prisoners on death row.

• Legalizing a Market would decrease number of people going to 3rd World Countries.

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.virtua.org/adam/graphics/images/en/10247.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.virtua.org/adam/Surgery%2520and%2520Procedures/13/100087.htm&usg=__cnxdPcARg2afrDWBXPr6_o1574k=&h=320&w=400&sz=27&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=BRo1t0yJ0easwM:&tbnh=150&tbnw=188&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dkidney%2Btransplant%26hl%3Den%26gbv%3D2%26biw%3D1092%26bih%3D603%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=rc&dur=529&ei=8wEFTa24Hc_Ange8o9nlDQ&oei=5gEFTajRBYe-nAfC7YzoDQ&esq=7&page=1&ndsp=10&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0&tx=122&ty=59

Survival Rate of Donor

•Not affected, one exception.

• 2,000 live transplants worldwide, only 4 donor deaths.

• less than 1% death rate.

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.davita.com/UploadedImages/living-with-one-kidney(1).jpg%3Fn%3D6276&imgrefurl=http://www.davita.com/kidney-disease/living-with/what%27s-it-like-to-live-with-one-kidney%3F/a/3800&usg=__DPtLdYanNuHTs_c0k5h3qWE9rEA=&h=200&w=200&sz=15&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=2FZjiiauztJSoM:&tbnh=153&tbnw=153&prev=/images%3Fq%3Done%2Bkidney%26hl%3Den%26gbv%3D2%26biw%3D1092%26bih%3D603%26tbs%3Disch:1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=534&vpy=354&dur=37&hovh=160&hovw=160&tx=124&ty=113&ei=dAIFTcLNLMf9nAfT6-nnDQ&oei=dAIFTcLNLMf9nAfT6-nnDQ&esq=1&page=1&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:12,s:0

No Cost for Donor• Pre-Operative Requirements Covered.

•Operation Covered.

• Post-Operative Care Covered up to 6 months after donation.

•No Financial Worries.

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://dental-anesthesiology.net/images/monitor.jpg&imgrefurl=http://dental-anesthesiology.net/patients.html&usg=__gKz8ZLA01vIhL8f4tcM2iZJiacY=&h=326&w=331&sz=35&hl=en&start=15&zoom=1&tbnid=ep5QM4A9us0RXM:&tbnh=150&tbnw=168&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpost%2Boperative%2Bcare%26hl%3Den%26gbv%3D2%26biw%3D1092%26bih%3D603%26tbs%3Disch:10%2C509&itbs=1&iact=rc&dur=281&ei=EQMFTYPtNcfungeU5q3lDQ&oei=CgMFTfi1HYWonQfEx_HnDQ&esq=2&page=2&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:15&tx=106&ty=66&biw=1092&bih=603

Live Donors only Immediate Help.

•Not all Patients apply to UNOS.

• Live donor kidneys are better then cadavers.

• Blood loss and tissue death with cadaver kidneys.

• 8% better chance of survival.

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.stockphotopro.com/photo-thumbs-2/stockphotopro_132773TUK_.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.stockphotopro.com/photo_of/organ/132773TUK/organ_transplant__receptacles_&usg=__XV38-cdHCEJFBUKSqZjUUcfqBgE=&h=400&w=266&sz=63&hl=en&start=18&zoom=1&tbnid=dhqbSRdo01EoaM:&tbnh=147&tbnw=110&prev=/images%3Fq

%3Dorgan%2Btransportation%26hl%3Den%26gbv%3D2%26biw%3D1092%26bih%3D603%26tbs%3Disch:10%2C385&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=132&vpy=201&dur=1024&hovh=275&hovw=183&tx=113&ty=152&ei=1QMFTZ2ZGMWonQeG85jlDQ&oei=0AMFTazLAsiBnAe5qonoDQ&esq=2&page=2&nds

p=15&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:18&biw=1092&bih=603

Works Cited • Becker, Gary S., and Julio Jorge Elias, “Introducing Incentives in the Market for Live and Cadaveric Organ Donations.” The Journal of Economic Perspectives

21.3. (2007): 3-24. JSTOR. 28 Nov. 2010.

• Cohen, David. “Transplant Tourism: A Growing Phenomenon.” National Clinical Practice Nephrology 5.3. March (2009): 128-131. Academic One File. 28 Nov. 2010.

• Divjak, Carol. “China Admits to Organ Trade from Executed Prisoners.” Inter-Nation Committee of the Fourth International. (1998). Web. 21 Nov. 2010.

• Goodwin, Michelle. “Black Markets: the Supply and Demand of BodyParts.” Cambridge University Press 2007: 1-129. Print.

• Interlandi, Jeneen. “Not Just Urban Legend.” New York Times. 10 Jan (2009). Web. 21 Nov. 2010.

• Joralemon, Donald. “Organ Wars: The Battle for Body Parts.” Medical Anthropology Quarterly 9.3. Sep (1995): 335-356. JSTOR. 28 Nov. 2010.

• Munson, Ronald. “Raising the Dead: Organ Transplants, Ethics, and Society.” Oxford University Press. 2002: 1-288. Print.

• Taylor, J.S. “Black Markets, Transplant Kidneys, and Interpersonal Coercion.” Journal of Medical Ethics 32:12. (Dec 2006): 698-701. Academic One File. Web. 28 Nov. 2010.

• Tilney, Nicholas L. “Transplant: From Myth to Reality.” Yale University Press. 2003: 1-320. Print.