Leeuwenhoek’s Leeuwenhoek’s Single-Lens MicroscopeMicroscope

http://www.ihep.ac.cn/kejiyuandi/news/10-faxian/leeuwenhoek.jpg

Cork CellsCork Cells ((Tissue))http://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Labs/Cell_Biology/Cells_Lab/cork_100x_PA021953c.JPG

CELL THEORYCELL THEORY

Cells are the basic units of Cells are the basic units of structure & & function of all living things of all living things

All cells carry on life functionsAll cells carry on life functions (processesprocesses)

Cells arise only from Cells arise only from preexisting cells cells

Organisms can be Organisms can be unicellular (Ex. (Ex. bacteria) ) OR OR multicellular (Ex. (Ex. plants, , animals) )

Prokaryotic CellsProkaryotic Cellshttp://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/procaryotes/images/procaryote.jpg

Bacillus anthracisBacillus anthracis

Eukaryotic Cell (Eukaryotic Cell (Animal))http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/animals/images/animalcell.jpg

Eukaryotic Cell (Eukaryotic Cell (Plant))http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/cell_model_instructions.htm

Cell from the leaf of a from the leaf of a corn planthttp://library.thinkquest.org/3564/Cells/cell93.gif

Why are cells so Why are cells so small??http://www.tiem.utk.edu/~gross/bioed/bealsmodules/area.cube.gif

http://biology.unm.edu/ccouncil/Biology_124/Images/cellwall.jpeg

Cell walls are composed of Cell walls are composed of cellulosehttp://www.learner.org/courses/envsci/visual/img_lrg/primary_cell_wall.jpghttp://www.botany.utexas.edu/facstaff/facpages/mbrown/newstat/stat38a.jpg

http://www.abcbodybuilding.com/magazine03/fiberdynamics1_files/image001.gif

Cell Membrane Cell Membrane – Lipid Bilayer Lipid Bilayerhttp://nai.nasa.gov/team/images/2006/ciw/1829/1.jpg

Cell Membrane Cell Membrane – made of made of LIPIDS, , Proteins & & Carbohydrates

http://sun.menloschool.org/~cweaver/cells/c/cell_membrane/fluid_mosaic.jpg

http://ms.yuba.cc.ca.us/vet02/bio/notes/module04B_files/frame.htm

Nuclear Pore

Chromatin

Nucleolus

Organelles are suspended in the Organelles are suspended in the cytoplasmhttp://www.eccentrix.com/members/chempics/Slike/cell/cell_structure.jpg

RER contains RER contains ribosomeshttp://sun.menloschool.org/~birchler/cells/animals/rough_er/picture.jpg

SER does SER does NOT contain contain ribosomeshttp://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/images/00016722.jpg

*********************************************http://www.bi.umist.ac.uk/users/mjfsses/1CAT/Lecture1/handout_files/image015.jpg

Cell from a human from a human pancreashttp://library.thinkquest.org/3564/Cells/cell127.gif

Mitochondria Mitochondria – site of site of aerobic cell respirationhttp://www.eccentrix.com/members/chempics/Slike/cell/Mitochondrion.jpg

http://www.kathleensworld.com/mitochondria.jpg

Transport vesicle(containing inactivehydrolytic enzymes)

Golgibodies

LYSOSOMES

http://ms.yuba.cc.ca.us/vet02/bio/notes/module04B_files/frame.htm

CentriolesCentrioles are found near the nucleus ofare found near the nucleus of animal cells (but(but NOT found infound in plant cells))

http://www.eccentrix.com/members/chempics/Slike/cell/centrosome.jpg

Centrioles consist ofCentrioles consist of microtubuleshttp://www.uic.edu/ahs/sbhis/bvis/gallery/student/images/model06.jpg

Cilia located along theCilia located along the respiratory tracthttp://pediatrics.med.unc.edu/div/infectdi/pcd/images/cilia.jpg

Flagella are also made up ofFlagella are also made up of microtubules http://www.ecosys.uni-erlangen.de/euglena.GIF

Vacuole Vacuole – used forused for storagehttp://fig.cox.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/cells/c7.6.15.Vacuole.jpg

Chloroplast Chloroplast – contains the green contains the green pigment pigment chlorophyllchlorophyll

http://www.daviddarling.info/images/chloroplast.jpg

Endosymbiotic TheoryEndosymbiotic Theoryhttp://www.science.siu.edu/plant-biology/PLB117/JPEGs%20CD/0078.JPG

Diffusion Diffusion = movement of molecules from an area ofmovement of molecules from an area of HIGH concentration to an area ofconcentration to an area of LOW concentrationconcentration

Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (5th Edition), Martini. (2001). Page 71.

Gas exchangeGas exchange takes place bytakes place by diffusionhttp://images.webmd.com/images/hw/media65/medical/hw/n5551117.jpg

Facilitated DiffusionFacilitated Diffusion ofof Glucose Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (5th Edition), Martini. (2001). Page 75.

Active Transport Active Transport – Energy is requiredEnergy is required to to go fromgo from LOW conc. toconc. to HIGH conc.conc.

http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/memb/c8x16types-transport.jpg

Osmosis Osmosis = thethe diffusion ofof water

Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (5th Edition), Martini. (2001). Page 73.

3 Different Solution TypesDifferent Solution Types:

Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (5th Edition), Martini. (2001). Page 74.

EndocytosisEndocytosis vs.. ExocytosisExocytosis http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/endocytosis.gif