lecture_4 computer software & os

8/4/2019 Lecture_4 Computer Software & OS

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Lecture 4Computer Software and OS


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Chapter Contents

Chapter 3: Computer Software2

Software Basics Popular Applications

Buying Software

Installing Software and Uninstalling

Security Software


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Software Categories



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Categories of software: Layering


The hardware is thecenter

The system softwareoperating system Controls the hardware and

supports the application

Supports GUI (graphics userinterfaces)

Controls communications

Development softwaretools for creating

applications Programming languages Database management

software

Applications softwareThe big area


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Operating System Activities

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An operating system is a type of system softwarethat acts as the master controller for all activities that

take place within a computer system


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User Interfaces

Chapter 4: Operating Systems and FileManagement

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The combination of hardware and software thathelps people and computers communicate with each

other


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The Boot Process


Where is the Os stored?

During the bootprocess, the operatingsystem kernel is loadedinto RAM

The kernel providesessential operatingsystem services

Your computers small

bootstrap program isbuilt into special ROMcircuitry housed in thecomputers system unit


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Todays Operating Systems

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Microsoft Windows

UNIX and Linux

DOS

HandheldOS

Mac OS


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Utility Software

Utility software (a type of

system software) is designedto help you monitor andconfigure settings for yourcomputer system equipment,

the operating system, orapplication software

A desktop widget is aspecialized utility program

that appears on a computersscreen-based desktop



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Device Drivers


A device driver is softwarethat helps a peripheraldevice establishcommunication with acomputer

This types of systemsoftware is used byprinters, monitors, graphiccards, sound cards,

network cards, modems,storage devices, mice andscanners.

Windows Device Manager


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Question


Just about everyone has used iTunes software todownload music. iTunes software also allows youto list the songs youve downloaded, delete

songs, find songs, and organize your music into

play lists. These features of iTunes are similar towhat type of software?

A. Word processing software

B. Spreadsheet software

C. Database software

D. Groupware


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Application Software

Productivity software canbe defined as any type ofapplication software thathas the potential to help

people do their work moreefficiently

Groupware is designed to

help several peoplecollaborate on a singleproject using localnetworks or Internet

connectionsChapter 3: Computer Software12


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Popular Applications

Document ProductionSoftware

Spreadsheet Software

Number CrunchingSoftware

Database Software

Graphics Software

Music Software

Video Editing and DVDAuthoring Software

Educational SoftwareEntertainment Software

Business Software

Chapter 3: Computer Software 13


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Question


Suppose you purchase a new computer and itcomes with Microsoft Office installed. After usingthis software for 30 days, it displays a messageindicating that to keep using it, you will have to

pay. This software is an example of all of thefollowing EXCEPT:

A. Proprietary software

B. Open source software

C. Commercial software

D. Demoware


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Consumer Basics


Should I use the apps and

utilities that come with theOS?

Most operating systemsinclude a handful of smallapplications and a goodvariety of useful utilitysoftware

What is the advantages ofsoftware suite?

A software suite is a collectionof application software sold as asingle package


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Consumer Basics


Where I can get the software??

Available in many types of stores including office stores,computer superstores, electronic stores. Today, mostsoftware is sold online from the software publisher

website

Software contained on distribution media one or moreCSs or DVDs that are packaged in the box withinstruction manual.

Make sure your computer meets the systemrequirements


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Software Copyrights and Licenses


A copyright is a form of legal protection that grantsthe author of an original work exclusive rights tocopy, distribute, sell and modify that work. Copyright notice

Software licenses, also called license agreements,

define the ways in which you may use a computerprogram Single-userlimits use to one person at time

Sitecan be used on all comp at specific location

Multiple-userpriced per user and allows the allocatednumber of people use the software

Concurrentpriced per copy and allows a specific numberper copies can be used at the same time

Shrink-wrap


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Software Copyrights and Licenses


EULA (End-User License Agreement) displayedon the screen when first install software.

Different types of software licenses Public domain not protected by copyright

because has expired or author has place theprogram in the public domain making it avalilabalewithout restriction

Proprietary restricted on it use that aredelineated by copyright, patents and licenceagreement

Commercial software sold in computer store orat web site

Demoware distributed for free and often comespre-installed on new computers but limited until youpay it trial version

Shareware- copyrighted software marketed under atry-before you buy policy distributed byindependent programmers.

Freeware copyrighted software available for free,

Open source sold and distributed free of chargewith available source code can be modify toimprove the software. Ex. Linux, Open Office

Two most common open Source and free software license:

BSD originated as the Berkeley SoftwareDistribution license for UNIX-like OS

GPL (General Public License) developed for


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TEST YOURSELF


1. Most computer operating systems include someapplications and ________ software for file

compression, editing text and making backups

2. Open office and Linux are examples of ______

source software that can legally modified andredistributed.

3. _______ law allows you to make an extra, orbackup, copy of software as long as you do not

defeat any copy protection mechanisms


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Installation Basics


Software installation is a

process that places aprogram into a computerso that it can be run orexecuted. Software

requires many files.

Uninstall routines deletethe softwares files from

the various folders onyour computers hard disk

Uninstalling Software


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Question


Lets assume that you have antivirus softwareinstalled on your computer and it is up to date.You can trust it to do a pretty good job ofprotecting your computer from viruses and:

A. Bots, worms, Trojans, keyloggers, androotkits

B. RATs, spoofs, and defective Web apps

C. Operating system security holes D. Fake e-commerce sites


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Security Software Basics


Security software is designed to protect computersfrom various forms of destructive software and

unauthorized intrusions

The terms malicious software and malware refer to

any computer program designed to secretly enter acomputer, gain unauthorized access to data, ordisrupt normal processing operations

A blended threat describes malware that combines

more than one type of malicious program


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Computer virus set of program instructions that attachesitself to a file, reproduces itself and spreads to other file

Computer worm

Mass-mailing worm called Ackantta is hidden in an attachment toan e-mail message thats a fake twitter invitation. Clicking theattachment activates the worm

Trojan horse - impostorsfiles that claim to be somethingdesirable but, in fact, are malicious. Keylogger

Remote Access Trojan (RAT) Bot any software that can automate a task when

commanded to do so. Zombie bad bots because carries out instruction from malicious

Botnet the person who controls many bot-infested computers

can link them together into network Spyware type of program that secretly gathers personal

information without the victims knowledge, usually foradvertising and other commercial purposes


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Antivirus Modules


Antivirus software is a type of utility software thatlooks for and eradicates viruses, Trojan horses,

worms, and bots

A virus signature is a section of program code, such as aunique series of instructions, that can be used to identifya known malicious program, much as a fingerprint is used

to identify an individual

Virus signatures and other information that antivirussoftware uses to identify and eradicate malware is stored

in one or more files usually referred to as virus definitions A(n) _____ is a section of program code that can be used

to identify a known malicious program.


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Summary



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TEST YOURSELF


1. Word processing software and operating systems areexamples of application software.

2. Spreadsheets are classified as utility software.3. The software you install to help a printer communicate

with a computer is called a device driver.

4. A EULA is a license agreement that specifies how tolegally use a software product.

5. Open source software is public domain.6. The Windows Registry is a database that keeps track of

a computers peripheral devices, software, preferences,and settings.

7. Downloaded software is usually zipped to decrease

download time.8. A software worm can replicate itself.

9. Botnets offer effective security protection from spyware.


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SCL QUESTIONS


1. Determine advantages and disadvantages of each operating systems:

Mac OS, Windows Vista or 7, Unix , Linux, UbuntuWhich one do you think would be the best for a student. Justify your answer.

2. Your college has decided to negotiate with software publishers to offer students a

bundled of software package at a greatly discounted price. Your group job is to

select the 15 software product for bundle. Your group must make sure the

software effectively meets the major needs of students at your school. Use the

internet resources to look at the range of software available and make yourselections. Arrange your final list into categories like those in Figure3-1 (slide 3)

3. What is an open source software? Why does its popularity increases in these past

few years? State 5 most popular open source software in your opinion and

compare it with its proprietary software counterpart (e.g. Open Office versus

Microsoft Office).(2xA4, Times New Roman, size 12, 1 or 2 spacing, justify, hand in by next lab)

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