lecture-8/ t. nouf almujally
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Data Resource Management Section2 “Managing Data Resources” Chapter 5. Lecture-8/ T. Nouf Almujally. Outline. Section 2: Managing Data Resources Data Resource Management Types of Databases Data Warehouses and Data Mining Traditional File Processing (not required) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Data Resource Management
Section2 “Managing Data Resources”
CHAPTER 5
Lecture-8/ T. Nouf Almujally
1
Outline• Section 2: Managing Data Resources
• Data Resource Management• Types of Databases• Data Warehouses and Data Mining• Traditional File Processing (not required)• The Database Management Approach
Data Resource Management• Organizations and their managers need to
practice Data resource management which is a managerial activity that applies IS’s technologies like data management, data warehousing, and other data management tools to the organization's data resources to meet the information needs of business stakeholders
Types of Databases• There are several major types of
databases:• Operational DB’s.• Distributed DB’s.• External DB’s.• Hypermedia DB’s.
Operational Databases
Stores detailed data needed to supportbusinesses and operations of a company
Also called subject area databases (SADB), transaction databases, and
production databases
Database examples:customer, human resource, inventory , and other databases containing data generated by business
operations.
Operational Databases
Examples of operational DB’s that can be created and managed for a small business by microcomputer database management
software like Microsoft Access
Distributed Databases• Many organizations replicate and distribute copies or
parts of DB’s to network servers at multiple locations.• Distributed databases can reside on network servers
on the WWW, on corporate intranets or extranets, or on other company networks.
• Distributed databases may be copies of operational, hypermedia or any other type of database.
• Ensuring that the data in an organization’s distributed database are consistently and concurrently updated is a major challenge.
Distributed Databases
Advantages Disadvantages
1. Protection of valuable data2. (Storage requirement) Data
can be distributed into smaller databases
3. Each location has control of its local data
4. All locations can access any data, anywhere
5. improved database performance at end-user worksites
1. Maintaining data accuracy2. The extra computing power
and bandwidth necessary to access multiple DB’s in multiple locations.
External Databases
Databases available with or without charge from the WWW, or from
commercial online services
Search engines like Google or Yahooare external databases
Hypermedia databases
Statistical databases
Bibliographic andfull-text databases
Hypermedia Databases• The rapid growth of web sites on the Internet ,
intranets and extranets has dramatically increased the use of databases of hypertext and hypermedia documents.
• A web site stores such information in a hypermedia database which consists of interrelated hypermedia page multimedia elements (text, graphic and photographic images, video clips, audio segments .. ) rather than interrelated data records
Act as a DBMS to manage the transfer of hypermedia files
Data Warehouses
It is a central source of data that have been cleaned,transformed, and cataloged
Stores static data that has been extracted fromother databases (operational, external ….. ) in an organization
Hold subsets of data that focus on specific aspects of a company ( Ex. department or process)
Data warehouses may be divided into data marts
Data is used for data mining, analytical processing, , research, decision support
Data Warehouse Components
1 2 3
Applications and Data Marts
A data warehouse and its data mart subsets hold data that have been extracted from various databases for business analysis, market
research, decision support, and data mining applications
Data Mining• Data mining is a major use of data warehouse database and
the static data they contain.
• The Data in data warehouses are analyzed to reveal hidden patterns and trends in historical business activity.
• This analysis can be used to help managers make decisions about strategic changes in business to gain competitive advantages in the marketplace.
• Data mining software uses advanced pattern recognition algorithms and a variety of mathematical and statistical techniques
Data Mining• For example, many companies use data mining to:
• Market-basket analysis to identify new product bundles• Find root cause of manufacturing problems• Acquire new customers• Cross-sell to existing customers
The Database Management Approach
Database management involves the use of database management software to control how databases are created, searched, and maintained to provide information that end users need.
The database management approach
A database management
system (DBMS) is the software
interface between users and databases
Consolidates data records held in
separate files, into databases
Data in the DB can be accessed by many different
application programs
Database Management Approach
An example of a database management approach in a Banking information system
DBMS allows a user to make direct ad hoc
interrogations of the database
Database Management System (DBMS)
• Is the main SW tool of the DB management approach.• The three major functions of a DBMS are:
1- Database Development : Create new databases and database applications
2- Database Maintenance: Maintain the quality of the data in an organization’s databases
3- Data Interrogation: Use the databases of an organization to provide the information needed by end users
• Microcomputer DBMS packages allow you to setup and manage DB on your PC, NW server, or the WWW.
• In mainframe and server computer systems, the DBMS is an important system SW package that controls the development, use , and maintenance of the organizations DB.
• Ex. Oracle 10g, MySQL , DB2
DBMS Major Functions
Database Management System (DBMS)
MySQL DBMS
Database Management System
• Database Development• Defining and organizing the content,
relationships, and structure of the data needed to build a database
Database Interrogation• End users can use DBMS by asking for
information from a DB.
End User Makes DBMS Query
Response is a video displayor a printed report
QueryLanguage
Immediate response to ad hoc data
requests
Report Generator
Quickly specifya format for
information you want to present
as a report
No difficult programming
required
Database Interrogation
• SQL Queries• SQL or (Structured Query Language).• Is an international standard query language found in many
DBMS packages.• Is the language structure used to “ask the DB a question”.• The basic form of a SQL Query is SELECT…FROM…
WHERE…
Database Interrogation
Most end-user DBMS packages offer GUI point-and-click methods, which are easier to use
Translates queries into SQL commands
It is difficult to correctly phrase SQL andother database language search queries
Other packages are available that use Natural language query statements similar to conversational English
Graphical and Natural Queries
Microsoft Access Query Wizard
Database Maintenance
Database Maintenance• Accomplished by transaction processing systems and other end-user applications, with the support of the DBMS to add, delete, update, and correct the data in a database.
• Done to reflect new business transactions and other events.
Application Development• End-users, system analysts and application developers can
use programming language or built-in SW development tools provided by DBMS to develop custom application programs.
• For example you can use a DBMS to develop the data entry screens, forms, reports of a business application that access a company database to find and update the data it needs.
• DBMS makes the job of application software developers easier, because they do not have to develop procedures using conventional programming languages every time they write a program.
Questions ..
Read from Chapter 5 (Section 2)
Resources ..