lecture 7 political sysrem

7/28/2019 Lecture 7 Political Sysrem

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Political System

Presented by

Dr. Kazi Shahdat Kabir

E mail: [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Political System

Definition of Political System:A political system is a system of politics andgovernment.

It is usually compared to the legal system,

economic system, cultural system, and othersocial systems.

A political system is a complete set of institutions,interest groups (such as political parties, trade

unions, lobby groups), the relationships betweenthose institutions and the political norms and rulesthat govern their functions (constitution, election lawetc.).


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Political System

Definition of Political System:

A political system is composed of the members

of a social organization (group) who are in

power.

A political system is a system that necessarily

has two properties:

a set of interdependent components andboundaries toward the environment with which

it interacts.


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Political SystemDefinition of Political System:

A political system is a concept in which theoreticallyregarded as a way of the government makes apolicy and also to make them more organized in their

administration. Politics

Politics is the process by which groups of peoplemake decisions to exercise. Politics consists of

"social relations involving authority or power" andrefers to the regulation of a political unit, and to themethods and tactics used to formulate and applypolicy.


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Political System

Anarchism: Rule by all/no one

Democracy: Rule by majority

Monarchy. (Rule by monarch) Monarchies

are one of the oldest political systems known,

developing from tribal structure with one

person the absolute ruler.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchism


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Political System

Communism (Rule by all citizens) Classless

with common ownership and decision making

Republic. (Rule by law) The first recorded

republic was in India in the 6th century BC(BCE).

Sultanates. (Rule by Allah) an Islamic political

structure combining aspects of Monarchy andTheocracy.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultanateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communism


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Political System

Islamic Democracy. (Rule by majority in

Islamic context) an Islamic and democratic

political structure, which combines aspects of

Theocracy (as the framework) andDemocracy (as the decision making method

under Islam's ethical system). Iran's

constitution is based on such a system.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Democracy


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Political System

Theocracy (Rule by alleged representative of

God)

Westminster system (rule by republic and

representative democracy throughparliament)

Feudalism (Rule by lord/king)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theocracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westminster_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feudalismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feudalismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westminster_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theocracy


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Political System

DemocracyThe word democracy derives from the ancient

Greek dmokratia (literally, ruled by the people)

formed from the roots dmos, "people," "the mob,

the many" and kratos "rule" or "power".Democracy is a system of government in which

citizens give teams of political leaders the right to

rule in periodic elections.

Democracy is government by discussion which

contend the laws and policies should be based

upon reasons that all citizens can accept.


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Political System

DemocracyA common feature of democracy as currentlyunderstood and practiced is competitive elections.Competitive elections are usually seen to require

freedom of speech, freedom of the press and somedegree of rule of law.

Characteristics of Democracy:

Civilian control of the military,

Principle of equal rights,Majority rule is a major principle of democracy,

The most common mechanisms of democracy iselection,


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Political SystemForms of democracy:

Representative- Representative democracyinvolves the selection of government officials by thepeople being represented. Two types here-

a)Parliamentary democracyUnder a parliamentary democracy government isexercised by delegation to an executive ministry andsubject to ongoing review, checks and balances by

the legislative parliament elected by the people.b) Liberal democracy-A Liberal democracy is arepresentative democracy in which the ability of theelected representatives to exercise decision-making

power is subject to the rule of law.


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Political SystemForms of democracy:

Direct Democracy-Direct democracy is apolitical system where the citizens participate in thedecision making personally, contrary to relying on

intermediaries or representatives.Socialist Democracy-Social democracy/democratic socialism, and the dictatorship of theproletariat (usually exercised through Soviet

democracy) are some examples.Anarchist Democracy- The only form ofdemocracy considered acceptable to manyanarchists is direct democracy. Some anarchists

oppose direct democracy while others favour it.


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Political SystemAutocracy

An autocracy is a form of government in which the

political power is held by a single self-appointed ruler.

The term autocratis derived from the Greek word

autocratic(lit. "self-ruler", or to: "rule by one's self").Compare to oligarchy (literally means rule by the few)

and democracy (rule by the majority) the autocrat

needs some kind of power structure to rule.

Very few rulers were in the position to rule with only

their personal charisma and skills without the help

of others.


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Political SystemIslamic Political System

The political system of Islam is based on three

principles: Tawhid(unity ofAllah), Risalat

(Prophethood) and Khilafat(vicegerency).

Tawhidmeans that onlyAllah is the Creator,Sustainer and Master of the universe.

The medium through which we receive the law of

Allah is known as Risalat. We have received two

things from this source.

Khilafat-it means representation. Man, accordingto Islam, is the representative ofAllah on earth, His

vicegerent.


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Political SystemDemocracy in Islam

Every person in an Islamic society enjoys the rights

and powers of the caliphate ofAllah and in this

respect all individuals are equal.

No one can deprive anyone of his rights and powers.The agency for running the affairs of the state will be

established in accordance with the will of these

individuals and the authority of the state will only be an

extension of the powers of the individual delegated to

it.


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Political SystemPurpose of the Islamic State

The Holy Quran clearly states that the aim and

purpose of this state, built on the foundation of

Tawhid, Risalatand Khilafat, is the establishment,

maintenance and development of those virtues whichthe Creator of the universe wishes human life to be

enriched by, and the prevention and eradication of

those evils which are abhorrent toAllah.


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Political System

Fundamental RightsAlthough an Islamic state may be set up anywhereon earth, Islam does not seek to restrict human

rights or privileges to the geographical limits of its

own state.Islam has laid down universal fundamental rights

for humanity as a whole, which are to be observed

and respected in all circumstances irrespective of

whether a person lives on the territory of the Islamic

state or outside it and whether he is at peace with

the state or at war.


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Political SystemExecutive and Legislature

The responsibility for the administration of the

Government in an Islamic state is entrusted to an

Amir (leader) who may be likened to the President or

the Prime Minister in a Western democratic state. Alladult men and women who accept the fundamentals

of the constitution are entitled to vote in the election

for the leader.


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The basic qualifications for the election of an

Amir are that he should command the

confidence of the largest number of people in

respect of his knowledge and grasp of thespirit of Islam; he should possess the Islamic

attribute of fear ofAllah; he should be

endowed with the quality of statesmanship. In

short, he should be both able and virtuous.

lecture 7 political sysrem

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