lecture 6 sample preparation
DESCRIPTION
Lecture 6 Sample preparation. Blood Samples:. Blood: arterial capillary venous. Composition of blood plasma. Blood serum is blood plasma without fibrinogen or the other clotting factors (i.e., whole blood minus both the cells and the clotting factors). Blood Samples:. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Lecture 6Sample preparation
Component Percent
Water ~92
Proteins 6–8
Salts 0.8
Lipids 0.6
Glucose (blood sugar)
0.1
Composition of blood plasma
Blood serum is blood plasma without fibrinogen or the other clotting factors (i.e., whole blood minus both the cells and the clotting factors)
Blood Samples:Blood: arterial
capillaryvenous
Blood Samples:
Anticoagulants: lithium heparinsodium heparinNaF sodium citrateEDTA
Serum: no anticoagulant
Plasma: centrifugation with anticoagulant present
Blood cells: erythrocytes
Urine 20-50 mL
Stomach content 25 -50 mL
Tissue Hair, nails 2-5 g if possible
Many of options in postmortem work
Sampling
LiquidOptional protein precipitation
SolidOptional protein precipitation
Homogenize in buffer
Isolation-Single step liquid-liquid extraction- Multiple step liquid-liquid extraction- Solid phase extraction- (pre)concentration
DATA COLLECTION
Data processing and interpretation
Organic Compounds
Air/gas sampling
canistersbags
Cleaned Polyurethane Foam (PUF) Cartridges and Resins
Solid Phase Extraction cartridges
Headspace vial
Caps & septa
Microdiffusion (Conway) cell
Preconcentration of volatile compounds
A simple device for headspace LPME. Stirring and thermostating are optional.
A 1 mL drop at the end of a syringe needle.
Liqiud phase microextraction (LPME)
SPME
Solvent extraction techniques
Filters:Can be also used for Solid Phase Extraction
Solid Phase Extraction
Inside the SPE cartridge…
Various sorption techniques:
centrifuge
positive pressure
Large volumes:
SPE extraction:Lots of junk removed!