lecture 22 me.ppt

8/18/2019 Lecture 22 me.ppt

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VIRTUALIZATION & CLOUDCOMPUTING

Lecture # 22

CSE 423

The Law of Cloudonomics

Specifying SLA, Defining Licensing Models


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Cloud Computing

• Cloud computing is particularly valuable because it shifts capitalexpenditures into operating expenditures.

• It also shifts risk aay from an organi!ation and onto the cloudprovider.

• Cloud computing presents ne opportunities to users anddevelopers because it is based on the paradigm of a sharedmultitenant utility.

• " cloud is an infrastructure that can be partitioned andprovisioned# and resources are pooled and virtuali!ed. If thecloud is available to the public on a pay$as$you$go basis# then thecloud is a public cloud# and the service is described as a utility


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%hese are the uni&ue characteristics of an ideal cloud computingmodel'

( Scalability' )ou have access to unlimited computer resources asneeded.

( Elaticity' )ou have the ability to right$si!e resources asre&uired.

( L!" barrier t! etry' )ou can gain access to systems for asmall investment.

( Utility' " pay$as$you$go model matches resources to need on anongoing basis. .


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Companies become cloud computing providers for several reasons'

( Pr!$t' %he economies of scale can makethis a pro*table business.

( O%tii'ati!' %he infrastructure already exists and isn+t fully utili!ed.

$ "ma!on ,eb Services.

( Strate)ic' " cloud computing platform extends the company+sproducts and defends their franchise.

$ -icrosoft+s ,indos "!ure latform.

( E*tei!+ " branded cloud computing platform can extend customer

relationships by o/ering additional service options.$ various I0- cloud services.


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( Preece'Establish a presence in a market before a largecompetitor can emerge.

$ 1oogle "pp Engine allos a developer to scaleanapplication immediately. or 1oogle# its oce applications

can be rolled out &uickly and to large audiences.

( Plat,!r+ " cloud computing provider can become a hubmaster at the center of many IS+s 5Independent Softareendor6 o/erings.

$ %he customer relationship management providerSalesorce.com has a development platform called

orce.com that is a aaS o/ering.


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-. Utility er/ice c!t le e/e t0!u)0 t0ey c!t !re.7tilities charge a premium for their services# but customers save

money by not paying for services that they aren+t using.

2. O1ea tru% ,!recati).

%he ability to provision and tear don resources 5de$provision6captures revenue and loers costs.

3. T0e %ea4 !, t0e u i e/er )reater t0a t0e u !, t0e%ea4.

" cloud can deploy less capacity because the peaks of individual

tenants in a shared system are averaged over time by the group oftenants.

.

%he la of cloudonomics


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5. A))re)ate ea i !!t0er t0a ii/iual.-ulti$tenancy also tends to average the variability intrinsic in

individual demand. ,ith a more predictable demand and less variation#clouds can run at higher utili!ation rates than captive systems. %hisallos cloud systems to operate at higher eciencies and loer costs.

6. A/era)e uit c!t are reuce by itributi) $*e c!t !/er!re uit !, !ut%ut.

Cloud vendors have a si!e that allos them to purchase resources atsigni*cantly reduced prices.

7. Su%eri!rity i uber i t0e !t i%!rtat ,act!r i t0ereult !, a c!bat 8Claue"it'9.

,einman argues that a large cloud+s si!e has the ability to repelbotnets and 88oS attacks better than smaller systems do.



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:. S%ace1tie i a c!tiuu 8Eitei;Mi4!"4i9. %he ability of a task to be accomplished in the cloud using parallel

processing allos real$time business to respond &uicker to businessconditions and accelerates decision making providing a measurableadvantage.

. D!?t %ut all y!ur e)) i !e ba4et.

9arge cloud providers ith geographically dispersed sites orldide

therefore achieve reliability rates that are hard for private systems to

achieve.



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-@. A !bect at ret te t! tay at ret 8Ne"t!9.

rivate datacenters tend to be located in places herethe company or unit as founded or ac&uired. Cloudproviders can site their datacenters in hat are called

:green*eld sites.;

" green*eld siteis one that is environmentally friendly'locations that are on a netork backbone# have cheapaccess to poer and cooling# here land is inexpensive#

and the environmental impact is lo.



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9as of 0ehavioralCloudonomics

•


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• ?. Pe!%le ic!ut ,uture ri4a ,a/!r itat )rati$cati!.

•

@.Pe!%le ,a/!r t0i) t0at are

,ree.

• A. Pe!%le 0a/e t0e ee ,!rtatu.

•


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Meauri) cl!uc!%uti) c!t

• %he cost of a cloud computingdeployment is roughly estimated tobe

CostC978 D 57nitCostC978 x5Fevenue G CostC97866

• here the unit cost is usually de*nedas the cost of a machine instance perhour or another resource.


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• %o compare your cost bene*t ith aprivate cloud# you ill ant tocompare the value you determine in

the previous e&uation ith the samecalculation'

• Cost8"%"CEH%EF D

57nitCost8"%"CEH%EF x 5Fevenue G5Cost8"%"CEH%EF7tili!ation66


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• %he Cost8"%"CEH%EF consists of the summation of the costof each of the individual systems ith all the associatedresources# as follos'

• Cost8"%"CEH%EF D


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• %he costs associated ith the cloud model are calculated rather di/erently.Each resource has its on speci*c cost and many resources can beprovisioned independently of one another. In theory# therefore#

• the CostC978 is better represented by the e&uation'

CostC978 D


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e ) ce )M!el

,hen you purchase shrink$rapped softare# you are using that softarebased on a licensing agreement called a E79" or End 7ser 9icense"greement. %he E79" may specify that the softare meets the folloingcriteria'

• ( It is yours to on.

• ( It can be installed on a single or multiple machines.

• ( It allos for one or more connections.

• ( It has hatever limit the IS5ie%eet !,t"are /e!r9 hasplaced on its softare.

In most instances# the purchase price of the softare is directly tied to the

E79".

t


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a%ter +Uertai)

Cl!u Arc0itecture• IH %LIS CL"%EF• 7sing the cloud computing stack to

describe di/erent models

• 7nderstanding ho platforms andvirtual appliances are used

• 9earning ho cloud communications

ork• 8iscovering the ne orld of the cloud

client


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• ne property that di/erentiates cloud computing is referredto as composability# hich is the ability to build applicationsfrom component

parts.

" platform is a cloud computing service that is bothhardare and softare. latforms are used to create morecomplex softare. irtual appliances are an importantexample of a platform# and they are

becoming a very important standard cloud computing

deployment obMect.


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Cloud computing re&uires some standard protocols ith hich di/erent layers of hardare#softare#and clients can communicate ith one another. -any of these protocols arestandard Internet protocols.

Cloud computing relies on a set of protocols needed to manage interprocess communicationsthat have

been developed over the years. %he most commonly used set of protocols uses N-9 as themessaging

format# the Simple bMect "ccess rotocol 5S"6 protocol as the obMect model# and a set ofdiscovery

and description protocols based on the ,eb Services 8escription 9anguage 5,S896 to manage

transactions.

Some completely ne clients are under development that are speci*cally meant to connect tothe cloud.

%hese clients have as their focus cloud applications and services# and are often hardened andmore

securely connected. %o examples presented are Oolicloud and 1oogle Chrome S. %heyrepresent a

ne client model that is likely to have considerable impact.


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Exploring the CloudComputing Stack

• Composability

• Infrastructure

•

latforms• irtual "ppliances

• Communication rotocols

• "pplications


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Composability

• " composable component must be'

( M!ular+ It i a el,1c!taiea ie%eet uit t0at ic!!%erati/e reuable are%laceable.

( Statele+ A traacti! ie*ecute "it0!ut re)ar t! !t0ertraacti! !r re=uet.


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• %he essence of a service oriented design is that services are constructedfrom a set of modules using standard communications and serviceinterfaces.

• "n example of a set of idely used standards describes the servicesthemselves in terms of the ,eb Services 8escription 9anguage 5,S896#data exchange beteen services using some form of N-9# and the

communications beteen the services using the S" protocol. %here


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Infrastructure

-ost large Infrastructure as a Service 5IaaS6 providers rely on virtual machinetechnology to deliver servers that can run applications.

irtual servers described in terms of a machine image or instance havecharacteristics that often can be described in terms of real servers

delivering a certain number of microprocessor 5C76 cycles# memoryaccess# and netork bandidth to customers.

irtual machines are containers that are assigned speci*c resources. %hesoftare that runs in the virtual machines is hat de*nes the utility of thecloud computing system.


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ortion of cloud computing

stack that is designated asthe server


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latforms

• latform in the cloud is a softarelayer that is used to create higherlevels of service.

• ( Salesforce.com+s orce.comlatform

• ( ,indos "!ure latform

• ( 1oogle "pps and the 1oogle"ppEngine


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" virtual appliance is softare that installs as middleare onto avirtual machine.


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irtual "ppliances

• irtual appliances are softare installed on virtual serversPapplication modules that are meant to run a particularmachine instance or image type.

• " virtual appliance is a platform instance. %herefore# virtualappliances occupy the middle of the cloud computing stack

lecture 22 me.ppt

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