lecture #2 vlsm asst.prof. dr.anan phonphoem department of computer engineering, faculty of...
TRANSCRIPT
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Lecture #2 VLSM
Asst.Prof. Dr.Anan Phonphoem
Department of Computer Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University,
Bangkok, Thailand
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Outline
VLSM
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VLSM
Variable-length subnet mask Classful allows only one subnet in a network
> one subnet in an autonomous system Maximizing the use of address (Subnet Zero) “Subnetting a Subnet” Routing that support VLSM
OSPF, Integrated IS-IS, EIGRP, RIPv2, and static routing
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Subnet with VLSM
192.168.10.0/24
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Subnet with VLSM
Select the biggest first 192.168.10.0/24
192.168.10.0/26 192.168.10.64/26 192.168.10.128/26 192.168.10.192/26
192.168.10.64/26 192.168.10.64/27 192.168.10.96/27 192.168.10.128/27 192.168.10.192/27
Perth
KL
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Subnet with VLSM
192.168.10.96/27 192.168.10.96/28 192.168.10.112/28 192.168.10.224/28 192.168.10.240/28
192.168.10.224/28 192.168.10.128/30 192.168.10.132/30 192.168.10.136/30 192.168.10.140/30
Sydney
Singapore
Perth – KL
Sydney – KL
Singapore – KL
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Subnet with VLSM
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Assignment
CPE IE EE
165.23.220.0/20
700 Stations 500 Stations 100 Stations
250 Stations
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Solution
•165.23.220.0/20•165.23.208.0/22•165.23.212.0/22•165.23.216.0/22•165.23.220.0/22
•165.23.212.0/22•165.23.212.0/23•165.23.214.0/23
•165.23.214.0/23•165.23.214.0/24•165.23.215.0/24
•165.23.215.0/24•165.23.215.0/25•165.23.215.128/25
•165.23.215.128/25•165.23.215.128/30•165.23.215.132/30•165.23.215.136/30•…
1022 Hosts
510 Hosts
254 Hosts
126 Hosts
2 Hosts
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Solution
CPE IE EE
165.23.220.0/20
700 Stations 500 Stations 100 Stations
250 Stations
165.23.208.0/22
165.23.214.0/24
165.23.215.128/30 165.23.215.132/30
165.23.212.0/23 165.23.215.0/25
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Route Aggregation
Route summarization Supernetting Possible only if routers of a network use a
classless routing protocol (OSPF or EIGRP) Carry 32-bit IP address and bit mask in the
routing updates Share the same high-order bits
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Routing Protocols
Autonomous systems (AS) generally administered by a single entity Each AS has a routing technology which can
differ from other autonomous systems Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP)
Routing in the AS Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP)
transfer routing information between autonomous systems
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RIP
work as an IGP in a moderate-sized AS RIPv1 is classful IGP distance vector protocol Use hop count as a metric Route update is 30 sec (Broadcast) load balancing upto 6 paths
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RIPv2
allows it to send out subnet mask information with the route update
provides for authentication in its updates multicasts routing updates (224.0.0.9)