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Yurvaykno-KKIA-

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Iurvas

E iurva bg verykno refkus ks iemmaf e trensktkbn iurva. Kt ks emsbiemmaf YpkremIurva br Aesacant iurva .

Kt ks usaf bn lbtd dkodwey & rekmwey latwaan tenoant enfe ikriumer iurva kn brfar tb deva e scbbtd trensktkbn grbctenoant tb tda iurva enf grbc iurva tb tda tenoant.

Kt ks emsb knsartaf latwaan twb lrenidas bg ibcpbunfiurva.

Vrensktkbn Iurvas

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Iurvas

Vda naaf gbr Vrensktkbn Iurvas Ikriumer iurvas era mkcktaf kn rbef faskons fua tb tda gbrias

wdkid eit bn e vadkima es tday trevam erbunf e lanf.

Vrensktkbn iurvas era usaf tb lukmt up tdbsa gbrias orefuemmyenf unkgbrcmy tdus ansurkno tda segaty bg pessanoar.

Emmbws gbr orefuem eppmkietkbn bg Yupar amavetkbn br Ient.

Vda Yupar amavetkbn ks faskonaf suid tdet tda rbef surgeiaks naer parpanfkiumer tb tda rasumtent gbria bg orevkty enfiantrkguoem knartke.

Vrensktkbn Iurvas

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Iurvas

Vda naaf gbr Vrensktkbn Iurvas Kn brfar tb trensktkbn grbc e gmet rbefwey tb e gummy supar

amavetaf saitkbn enf stkmm cekntekn tda lemenia bg gbrias,tda faoraa br sderpnass bg tda iurva cust laokn et zarbenf kniraesa staefkmy untkm cexkcuc supar amavetkbn ks

raeidaf. Vdks ks praiksamy wdet e Ypkrem Iurva fbas.

Vrensktkbn Iurvas

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Iurvas

Vrensktkbn Iurvas

1

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Iurvas

Vrensktkbn Iurvas

7

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Iurvas

Blhaits bg prbvkfkno e trensktkbn iurva Vb eiibcpmksd orefuemmy tda trensktkbn grbc tenoant tb tda

ikriumer iurva br grbc ikriumer iurva tb tda tenoant.

Vb bltekn e orefuem kniraesa bg tda iurvetura grbc zarb et etenoant pbknt tb tda spaikgkaf quentkty et hunitkbn bg tda

trensktkbn iurva wktd tda ikriumer iurva. Vb Prbvkfa e setksgeitbry caen bg blteknkno orefuem

kniraesa bg supar amavetkbn grbc zarb bn tda tenoant tb tdaspaikgkaf ecbunt bn tda cekn ikriumer iurva.

Vrensktkbn Iurvas

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Iurvas

Ibnfktkbn gumgkmm ly e Vrensktkbn Iurva5.Kt sdbumf caat tda brkoknem strekodt (tenoant ) tenoantkemmy .

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Iurvas

5) E imbtdbkf br spkrem

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Iurvas

5) E imbtdbkf br spkrem

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Iurvas

_dan vadkima cbvas grbc tenoant bn tb tdaiurva tda gbrias eitkno bn kt era

_akodt bg tda vadkima

Iantrkguoem gbria, Lbtd eitkno tdrbuod tdaiantar bg orevkty bg tda vadkima.

Vda aggait bg tda iantrkguoem gbria ks tb pusdtda vadkima bgg tda rekm br rbef.

Vb ibuntar eit tda eitkbn tda butar rekm brbutar afoa bg tda rbef ks reksaf elbva tdarekskno bg butar afoa bg rekm br rbef elbva

tda knnar bna ks iemmaf Yupar amavetkbn brIent.

Vda ecbunt bg Yupar amavetkbn fapanfsupbn

Ypaaf bg tda vadkima

\efkus bg tda iurva

Vrensktkbn Iurvas

Yupar Amavetkbn

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Iurvas

Yupar AmavetkbnMat

_ 3 wakodt bg tda vadkima

P 3 iantrkguoem Gbria

W 3 Ypaaf bg tda vadkima, c/s

o 3 Eiiamaretkbn fua tb orevkty, c/s (x , y)

N 3> (x + x, y +y)

Enf raspaitkva knimknetkbns bg tda tenoants et CenfN tb tdaknktkem tenoant (VL) et V, enf +

Vrensktkbn Iurvas

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Iurvas

Kfaem Vrensktkbn iurva

Vrensktkbn Iurvas

3

enf skn 3

3 enf 3

3 ( 5

!+

! )

3 (

! +

! )

3 5