lecture 03.2 space syntax + comparative environments project · 9/3/2015 · lecture 03.2 space...

Lecture 03.2 Space Syntax + Comparative Environments Project

I. ANNOUNCEMENTSDraft Paper 1 Peer Review in Discussion

II. THE PROJECT & THE COMPARATIVE APPROACH

III. INTRODUCTION TO SPACE SYNTAX

-GAMMA ANALYSIS & EXERCISE

-SPACE SYNTAX IN RESEARCH & DESIGN

-BETA ANALYSIS & EXERCISE

-MORE BETA ANALYSIS IN RESEARCH

IV- PORTFOLIO & PRACTICE DIAGRAMConstructing a Thatched Roof in Shirakagawa Japan (photo by JWR, 210)

The Project as a Method of Studying Design: Three Questions

)

How do the projects relate to design?

What is the behavior setting and how does it contribute to design understanding/

What is a comparative approach and why is it useful in studying designs?

The Project as a Method: 1. How do the projects relate to design?

)

Designers typically learn from case studies

The projects study designs using observation & formal analysis

The projects employ abehavioral perspective rather

than astylistic formal analysis

Project as Method: 4. Behavioral Setting as a Sociocultural Method

)

What is a behavior setting?

What is the relation of behavior setting to design?

How does behavior setting relate to the project?

What are the implications of the behavior setting as a category?

Architecture 3711:Environmental Design & the Sociocultural Context

Project as Method: 4. What is a Behavioral Setting?

)

a recurrent activitya standing pattern of behavior

a particular layout of the environment

a congruent relation between the twoa synomorphy

a specific time periodan occasion (van Eyck)


Project as Method: 4. What is the relation of Behavioral Setting to design?

)

Hertzberger proposes:

Dimension

Articulation-configuration-material-furnishing

Creating spatial units for a particular purpose

Project as Method: 4. How does Behavioral Setting relate to the project?

)

Using a public space as cultural setting

What are the characteristics of the environments?

What are the recurring activities over time?

What do the designs communicate and support?

Interpretation:

How does a particular public place as a behavior setting frame a concept or agenda for living?


Project as Method: 5.Comparative Approach

)

What is a comparative approach?

Why is a comparative approach valuable?

How is a comparative approach applied in this project?

4 Student Housing Projects: Bridget Ayers-Lobby, Claire Antlemann, Davidson Ward, Julia Hill & Sarah Steadland


Project as Method: What is a Comparative Approach?

)

A comparative approach examines more than one example at once to see:

DifferencesSimilarities

In this example:

Plans are different shapes & arrangement

Entrances and childrens areas arevisually connected

4 Libraries- Edie Cizio


Project as Method: Why is a Comparative Approach valuable?

)

Comparison reveals contrast

Helps overcome our tendency to overlook things we take for granted

Helps us identify particular features we might not have noticed

4 Churches- Mary Lentz

Project as Method: How is Comparative Approach applied in this project?

)

Paired images side by side

Commentary / Text-Analysis of differences-Interpretation of cultural messages

FormatOCCUPANCYCrystal Court & Butler Square

Project as Method: How is Comparative Approach applied in this project?

)

Plans of the two settings

Space syntax beta analysis diagrams

Graphic Data Description & Analysis

SPACE SYNTAX ANALYSIS Crystal Court & Butler Square


Introduction to Space Syntax Analysis

)

If I asked you to compare these two plans, how would you go about it?

You might look at- The sizes of spaces- the location of corridors- how the corridors relate to the rooms- the location of the entrances

Today I will tell you about one form of space syntax analysis that allows us to understand the relationships between spaces in a plan

Then later I will briefly talk about beta analysis which is useful for exterior spaces


)



Today I will tell you about one form of space syntax analysis that allows us to understand the relationships between spaces in a plan

Then later I will briefly talk about beta analysis which is useful for exterior spaces


)



Today I will tell you about GAMMA ANALYSIS, a form of space syntax analysis that allows us to understand the relationships between spaces in a plan, and later show you the diagrams for these two buildings


Axial Map

Analysis Using DepthMap (enhanced)

Introduction to Gamma Analysis


)

What is space syntax?

a method of diagramming & analyzing plans in terms of the links between spaces

Why are we learning about space syntax?

Plans can be hard to read (see 4 plans). Syntax diagrams are abstractions of plans that focus on a single attribute- whether the spaces are linked or not. This focus allows us to see certain aspects of space more clearly.

What does space syntax leave out?

Unlike plans, space syntax does not address:

- size & shape of spaces- character of barriers- materials

4 different arrangements of 8 rooms

Introduction to Space Syntax Analysis: Gamma Analysis


)

The basis of space syntax gamma analysis is the study of the relationships between one space and the other spaces within the plan

Two cells, one link



)

There are 3 typesof possible relationsbetween two adjacent spaces and the exterior:

Two cells, one link

Two spaces & the exterior



)

A.Entry courtyard

B. Two entrances with interior court

C. Numerous entrances and linked spaces

D. One entrance and an interior courtyard

Two cells, one link

4 different arrangement of 8 rooms




A. All spaces connected by means of entry courtyardB. Spaces connect by means of 2 entrances. There is an interior us entrances link spaces to each other and to the courtyardD. One entrance and an interior courtyard accessed indirectly

Controlled access, spaces accessible to interior court

Open, permeable, ringy, not controlled

Ringy, controlled to exterior, connected on the interior

Highly controlled, closed



)

Having seen the diagrams, maybe you now see the plans differently than before

Two cells, one link




Gamma Analysis-good for analyzing relations between interior spaces in buildings

)

3 kinds of relations between spaces


Gamma Analysis

)

3 Patterns typically found in the American residence

b.r. b.r. b.r. b.r.

kit.

d.r.

l.r.

Linear

Ringy

Fan

ext.

vest.

l.r.

hall

stair

porch


Gamma Analysis

)

3 Patterns in the residence

Movement Spaces Community spaces Intimate spaces

b.r. b.r. b.r. b.r.

kit.

d.r.

l.r.

Linear

Ringy

Fan

ext.

vest.

l.r.

hall

stair

porch


GAMMA ANALYSIS: EXERCISE

)

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Gamma Analysis: Exercise

)Plan of Traditional Single Family Midwestern House

(built c. 1910, modified c 1980) (plan by Jill Fursteneau)

0

21

Number Your Rooms

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)

0

2

7

1

4

3

5

10

6

13 12

14 11

9

15

8

Number Your Rooms

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)

Diagram your spatial links

Plan & Diagram of Traditional Single Family Midwestern House (built c. 1910, modified c 1980) (plan by Jill Fursteneau)

Degrees of Institutionality in HousingDegrees ofDegree in Housing

Some spaces link to the exterior



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Plan & Diagram of Traditional Single Family Midwestern House (built c. 1910, modified c 1980) (plan by Jill Fursteneau)




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Degrees of Institutionality in HousingDegrees ofDegree in HousingGamma Analysis: Exercise


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To calculate mean depth: Indentify lines indicating depth

1


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Depth

1

Number the depth levels

2

3

4

5

6

1

0


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Degrees of Institutionality in Housing

Degrees ofDegree in Housing

Depth

1 2

3

4

5

6

# spaces x depth

6 x 6 = 36

3 x 5 = 15

3 x 4= 12

1 x 3= 3

1 x 2 = 2

1 x 1= 11

Add up the number of spaces ateach depth and multiply by depth


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Depth

1

69 / 15rooms =

4.6=Mean Depth

1

2

3

4

5

6

15 69

Calculate mean depth: divide total by number of rooms

# spaces x depth

6 x 6 36

3 x 5 15

3 x 4 12

1 x 3 3

1 x 2 2

1 x 1 1


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Newgate Prison- 1856 Buchanan House, c 1820?

Space Syntax Analysis: Examples from Research

The Eight Case Studies: Syntax Diagrams

De Muzen Vrijburcht Carnisselande De Beeklaan

Zlivervloot De Opgang La Grande Cour Silodam


RingBase- similar across all complex housingThreadFan

Complex Housing





Type 1Independent ThreadsFans vary, but consistent along threadsFew rings

Complex Housing





Complex Housing

Type 2 (gallery flats- single loaded corridor)Few threadsConnected threadsLarge fans





Complex Housing

Type 3Many connected threadsSmall fans Ringy
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lecture 03.2 space syntax + comparative environments project · 9/3/2015 · lecture 03.2 space...

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