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Lebanon
Acknowledgments
The (I)NDC Content Briefs were produced by the Climate Policy
Team of the World Bank Climate Change Group. The team was led
by Sebastian Wienges and Ana Bucher under the supervision of
Stephen Alan Hammer. Detail analysis of country (I)NDC was
provided by Tom Witt, Jiawei Song, Karan Chouksey (mitigation
components), Yin Qiu, Yunziyi Lang, and Prajwal Baral (adaptation
components). The team is grateful for all comments and
suggestions received from regional and sector specialists
regarding the presentation and synthesis of relevant information.
© 2016 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433, U.S.A. Internet: www.worldbank.org
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
Introduction In response to a growing interest in understanding (Intended) Nationally DeterminedContributions ((I)NDCs) and with regard to the ultimate goal of supporting countries'implementation of their national climate targets, the World Bank Climate Policy Team (WBCPT) has
reviewed all developing countries (I)NDCs' submitted to the UNFCCC. The (I)NDC Content Brief
aims to provide a summary analysis of existing and instead country mitigation and adaptation
policies and plans, commitments and targets, implementation strategies and sector priorities,
associated costs and conditionalities, and stated gaps and needs, among other issues.
The (I)NDC content briefs are created solely on the basis of information from submitted(I)NDCs and makes no inferences about robustness, quality, or viability of intended policiesor actions.
The (I)NDCs review will help implementing organizations like the World Bank Group (WBG) identify
and familiarize with a range of country priorities in terms of sectoral engagement, and needs in
terms of capacity building, technology transfer, and financing. Based on this comprehensive
mapping exercise, the WBG will develop a useful, easytouse, and interactive database and briefs
of all (I)NDCs to inform a wide range of WBG initiatives and client engagement processes, including
the development of Systematic Country Diagnostics (SCDs) and Country Partnership Frameworks
(CPFs), and at a later stage respond to the more specific requests from all WBG Global Practices
(GPs), regions, and country units for the identification of potential development opportunities,
analytical studies and technical assistance to support countries' implementation of planned policies
and actions. Indepth summaries of (I)NDCs by sectors and regions will be prepared at a later stage.
In regards to Adaptation, although no global adaptation mechanism is established, the ParisAgreement parties are required to engage in adaptation planning and implementation of actions
which include preparation of adaptation plans. The Adaptation section of a large number of
submitted (I)NDCs, aims to increase development planning and scale the ability of countries to
adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change and foster climate resilience and low greenhouse
gas emissions development, in a manner that does not threaten sustainable development. In
addition to requested finance, the implementation of country commitments is largely tied to
significant amounts of external assistance to support development and execution of adaptation
plans. Although subsequent (I)NDCs are not explicitly required to have an adaptation component,
the process will ensure increased resilience is recognized under the UNFCCC and climate finance
mobilization is enhanced with an aim to achieve a balance between adaptation and mitigation flows.
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
Table of Contents
I Overall Planning and Preparation Process
II Mitigation
Economywide Targets
Economywide Policies
Mitigation Actions and Policies
III Adaptation
Adaptation Targets
Adaptation Context
Adaptation Actions and Policies
Acronyms
BAU Business as Usual NAMA Nationally Appropriate MitigationActions
CIFPPCR Climate Investment Funds PilotProgram for Climate Resilience
NAP National Adaptation Plan
DRM Disaster Risk Management NAPA National Adaptation Programmesof Action
INDC Intended Nationally DeterminedContributions
REDD+ Reducing emissions fromdeforestation and forestdegradation and the role ofconservation, sustainablemanagement of forests andenhancement of forest carbonstocks in developing countries
LEDS Low Emission DevelopmentStrategy
LULUCF Land Use and Land Use Changeand Forestry
|
|
|
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
Overall Planning and
Preparation Process
How reliable is the prioritization of the (I)NDC? How serious is thegovernment about implementing policies and actions to achieve the (I)NDCtargets?
Political decision of adoption of INDC at:Head of state level
Interministerial level
Parliament
Ministry Level
Technical development of INDC through a participatory processStakeholder involvement
Multisector commision YES
Have development benefits been assessed and considered in the planningprocess?
Are there climate policies and actions already in place/under development?
LEDS
NAMAS
NAPA
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
$N/A
(in Billion USD)
TOTAL COST OF
IMPLEMENTATION (mitigation and adaptation)
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
Existing policies:National Sustainable Development Strategy
Second National Communication
Has the INDC development been supported by a development partner?Technical support
Financial support
Implementation Plans and Needs
Specific requests for international provision of means of implementation:
Technology Transfer YES
Financial support YES
Capacity Building YES
Does the INDC intend the private sector to be involved in theimplementation of the NDC?
Are carbon pricing/international market mechanisms intended?YES
Are there any barriers identified?
Link list:• Lebanon INDC Factsheet (projected per capita emissions): http://www.climateenergycollege.net/files/site1/factsheets/Lebanon_INDCFactsheet_UoMPRIMAP_GWPAR4.pdf
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
-15%
n/a
additional -15%
n/a
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
Mitigation
ECONOMY-WIDE TARGETS
Conditionality: INDC page link
Unconditional part of mitigation target:Estimated costs for implementation:
Conditional part of mitigation target:Estimated costs for implementation:
Coverage of Gases: CO , CH , N O
Other Targets:
POLICIES:
TARGET YEAR
2030TARGET TYPE
-30%Relative Emission Reduction
Compared to BAU (%)
N/A(in Billion USD)
COST OFIMPLEMENTATION
2 4 2
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
n/a
15% of the power and heat demand fromrenewables by 2030
n/a
Additional 5% of the power and heat demandfrom renewables by 2030
n/a
n/a
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
RENEWABLE
ENERGYTargets: INDC page link
20% of the power and heat demand from renewables by 2030 P. 8
Estimated total costs for implementation:
Capacity building needs:
Technology needs:
Unconditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Conditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Emission reduction potential:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
n/a
3% reduction in power demand throughenergy-efficiency measures in 2030 belowBAU
n/a
Additional 7% reduction in power demandthrough energy-efficiency measures in 2030below BAU
n/a
n/a
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
ENERGY
EFFICIENCYTargets: INDC page link
-10% in power demand through energy-efficiency measures in 2030 belowBAU
P. 8
Estimated total costs for implementation:
Capacity building needs:
Technology needs:
Unconditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Conditional part of mitigation target:
Estimated costs for implementation:
Emission reduction potential:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESINDUSTRIES Plans:
Industries: General P. 9
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESWASTE Plans:
Waste: General
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESAGRICULTURE Plans:
Agriculture: General P. 9
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
MITIGATION ACTIONS AND POLICIESLULUCF/FORESTRY Plans:
LULUCF/Forestry: General P. 9
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
N/A
N/A
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
Adaptation
ADAPTATION TARGETS
ADAPTATION CONTEXT
Existing National Development/Resilience Policies and Plans
National Communications SECOND NATIONAL COMMUNICATION
NAPs
NAPAS
CIF-PPCRs
Sectoral Strategies
Cross-cuttingNATIONAL SUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
Conditionality:
Unconditional part of adaptation implementation
Conditional part of adaptation implementation
Conditional upon international provision of meansof implementation
YES
TARGET YEAR
2030N/A
(in Billion USD)
COST OFIMPLEMENTATION
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a
Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: n/a
Technology Transfer:
Capacity Building: n/a
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
ENVIRONMENT
ECOSYSTEM AND
BIODIVERSITY
Policy: INDC page link
National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, 2015 (Draft)
Actions:
CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link
Conducting needs assessment and defining pilot national monitoringsites and species. Coastal zones are considered a priority;
Designing and implementing pilot action plans.P. 4
Funder
Implementing Agency
Cost Estimation
Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:
Implementation Needs:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a
Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: n/a
Technology Transfer:
Capacity Building: n/a
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
LULUCF/FORESTRY
SUSTAINABLE
FOREST
MANAGEMENT
Target: INDC page link
P. 4
Lebanon aims to reach land degradation neutrality by 2030.
Policy: INDC page link
National Forest Plan, 2015Ministry of Agriculture Strategy, 2015
Actions:
CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link
National Forest Programme: raising tree nurseries’ productivity, planting oftrees, implementing the forest fire fighting strategy, applying forestintegrated pest management.
P. 4
Funder
Implementing Agency
Cost Estimation
Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:
Implementation Needs:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a
Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: n/a
Technology Transfer:
Capacity Building: n/a
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
AGRICULTURE
FOOD SECURITY
Policy: INDC page link
National Forest Plan, NFP, 2015 and Ministry of Agriculture Strategy, 2015
Actions:
CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link
Promoting Good Agricultural Practices through the support of organicfarming and obtaining quality certificates.
P. 4
Funder
Implementing Agency
Cost Estimation
Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:
Implementation Needs:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a
Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: n/a
Technology Transfer:
Capacity Building: n/a
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
IRRIGATIONActions:
CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link
Rehabilitating irrigation canals.
P. 4
Funder
Implementing Agency
Cost Estimation
Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:
Implementation Needs:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a
Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: n/a
Technology Transfer:
Capacity Building: n/a
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
CLIMATE SMART
AGRICULTUREActions:
CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link
Developing an early warning system for agricultural pests and climaticconditions.
P. 4
Funder
Implementing Agency
Cost Estimation
Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:
Implementation Needs:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a
Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: n/a
Technology Transfer:
Capacity Building: n/a
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
WATER
WATER
MANAGEMENT
Policy: INDC page link
National Water Sector Strategy, 2012
Actions:
CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link
Improving water security such as through increasing artificial recharge ofgroundwater aquifers and increasing surface storage dams and hill lakes;Optimizing the use of the current water resources through therehabilitation of the existing network and the installation of water meters.
P. 4
Funder
Implementing Agency
Cost Estimation
Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:
Implementation Needs:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a
Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: n/a
Technology Transfer:
Capacity Building: n/a
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
WATER EFFICIENCY Policy: INDC page link
National Water Sector Strategy, 2012
Actions:
CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link
Improving water efficiency and decrease water loss in irrigation.
P. 4
Funder
Implementing Agency
Cost Estimation
Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:
Implementation Needs:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a
Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: n/a
Technology Transfer:
Capacity Building: n/a
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
WASTEWATER
TREATMENT
Policy: INDC page link
National Water Sector Strategy, 2012
Actions:
CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link
Increasing wastewater collection and treatment.
P. 4
Funder
Implementing Agency
Cost Estimation
Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:
Implementation Needs:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group
n/a
n/a
Total Implementation Cost for UnconditionalActions: n/a
Total Implementation Cost for ConditionalActions: n/a
Technology Transfer:
Capacity Building: n/a
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA | Lebanon | (Intended) Nationally Determined Contribution
ADAPTATION ACTIONS AND POLICIES
WATER
CONSERVATION
AND REUSE
Policy: INDC page link
National Water Sector Strategy, 2012
Actions:
CONDITIONAL ACTIONS: INDC page link
Increasing water reuse.
P. 4
Funder
Implementing Agency
Cost Estimation
Total Implementation Cost per Subsector:
Implementation Needs:
Climate Policy Team | World Bank Group