Learning Targets

You will be able to:1. Explain the goals of the New Deal.2. Summarize how the New Deal

tried to reach these goals.3. Analyze the New Deal agencies

and choose which was the most important.

4. Critique the New Deal.

http://livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe30s/movies/schmitt_money_13.html

THE 1932 ELECTION: HOOVER V. ROOSEVELT

HOOVER ROOSEVELT--15.8 million votes--22.8 million votes-- 6 of 48 states -- 42 of 48 states

“The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.”

FDR’s Response to GD

1. “try something”2. “Brain Trust” for advice 3. focus on 3 Rs:

relief (aids people directly, like jobs) recovery (supports/ help industries) reform (creates new laws to fix problems)

“Take a methodAnd try it. If it fails, admit it Frankly and tryAnother.” Roosevelt, explaining his action plan in dealing with the Great Depression,1932

FDR announces his “New Deal”

1. Civilian Conservation Corps. (CCC)

• gave jobs to young men, conserved natural resources (parks, roads, ditches, windbreaks, etc.)

FACTS•designed for urban men 18-25• $30 a month, $22 home• 300,000 immediately• 3 million helped

http://livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe30s/water_12.html

Digging Ditches in MontanaIllinois CCC advertisement

Pillow created to honor the CCC

2. Federal Emergency & Relief Administration

(FERA): • direct relief was given to states to help families

FERA distributes clothingIn Tennessee

FACTS•Designed to be quick•$500 million in first year•$3 billion by 1935

3. Works Progress Administration (WPA):

• put people to work building public buildings and roads• also hired artists & writers (40,000!)WPA workers creating a floodControl dike in Arkansas

FACTS• cost $2.1 million a year• included women and AA•$55 a month (8.5 million)•Built 2,500 hospitals, 5,900 schools, 13,000 playgrounds, 1,000 airstrips

WPA advertisement to aid women

WPA helped artists,like Diego, create murals and continuehis or her craft

Think, Pair, Share

Compare and evaluate the three relief programs. Which one do you think was most effective? Why?

1. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA):

• helped the valley by controlling floods and making cheap hydroelectric power

FACTS• gave electricity to rural areas• 1932 – 2% had electricity vs. 1933- 75%• electricity prices dropped from 10 cents to 3 cents• drew businesses to area

TVA workers working on a dam control building

2. National Recovery Administration (NRA):

• set industry codes for production, wages, prices & working conditions

2 million businesses participated – established minimum wages, hours and outlawed child labor

3. Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

• farmers paid not to grow crops to prevent surpluses

Texas farmersReceive AAAcheck

FACTS• doubled farm income• controversial

Think, Pair, Share

Compare the benefits and drawbacks of the Agricultural Adjustment Act. What is your conclusion?

1. Emergency Banking Act• only stable banks were allowed to reopen from the “bank holiday”

FDR passes in 4 hours without written bill!

FACTS• 1929-1933: 1,000 banks a year failed Vs. 3 banks in 2007 (2010-129)• Shared plan on 1st fireside chat as 60 million listened• 75% of bank opened within a month

2. Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC)

• insured savings accounts in gov’t approved banks

Logo banks display today for FDIC today

FACTS• insured up to $5,000 (today $250,000)• done to reassure the public and help them regain trust in banks• in 6 months – 97% joined

3. Securities and Exchange Commission

(SEC)• oversees companies that sell stocks to protect the investors

4. Social Security Act • pensions for elderly, unemployment insurance, welfare

FACTS• 28 million unemployed• gave $10 to $85 a month•3.8 million families deserted by males

Think, Pair, Share

Social Security programs are in trouble today. Hypothesize how and why this is so.

FDR’s INAUGURATION

SPEECH

http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrfirstinaugural.html

What effect would FDR’s inaugural address have on you if you had been alive at this time? Explain.

New Deal Final ReflectionChoose 3 of the following to answer in your notebook.

1. Knowledge: List three of the New Deal programs and what they did.

2. Comprehension: Explain why the New Deal helped industries recover.

3. Application: Illustrate how one of the New Deal programs aided Americans in the Great Depression.

4. Analysis: Select the New Deal law that you feel has made the biggest impact on the world we live in today.

5. Synthesis: Hypothesize how our world might be different if the Social Security Act had not been passed.

6. Evaluation: Critique Roosevelt’s response to the New Deal. Give him a letter grade for the programs and justify it with comments.