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Learning Representations for Automatic Colorization Experiment Presentation - 09/21/16 Tushar Nagarajan

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Page 1: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Learning Representations for Automatic Colorization

Experiment Presentation - 09/21/16Tushar Nagarajan

Page 2: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Introduction

Colorization

Levin et al. (2004) Wesch et al. (2002)

Larsson et al. (2016)

Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble

Page 3: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Idea

Predict the color histogram for each pixel

Wiki User:SharkDThinkstock

Why HSL?

Page 4: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Model

Representing a pixel - Image hypercolumninterpolate

conv1

conv2

Page 5: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Model

Larsson et al. (2016)

Page 6: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Model

Image hypercolumn features : pre-trained VGG

Larsson et al. (2016)

A vector represents a histogram

Page 7: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Model

Image hypercolumn features : pre-trained VGG

Larsson et al. (2016)

Page 8: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Why just two predictions?

Lightness information already present

Page 9: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Results

Larsson et al. (2016)Demo: http://colorize.ttic.edu/

Page 10: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Results

Larsson et al. (2016)

Why is this important?

Page 11: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Experiment

Page 12: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Experiment - Foreground Consistency

Photo credit: Peter Zelewski

Page 13: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Not the best colorization we’ve seen...

Page 14: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea
Page 15: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Source of inconsistency?

Page 16: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea
Page 17: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea
Page 18: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

- Averaged over 15 models- Errors for 64 backgrounds

Page 19: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Background class 1

Page 20: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Background class 2

Page 21: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Qualitative Analysis

Page 22: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Qualitative Analysis

Page 23: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Qualitative Analysis

Page 24: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Do colorization errors in the background trickle down to the foreground?

Ans: Not too much, sorry.

R = 0.414

Page 25: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Summary

- Background coloring influences foreground coloring to some extent

- Hypercolumn features = extra background information

- Low L scenes contribute less to the top of the hypercolumn than the foreground?

Page 26: Learning Representations for Automatic Colorizationvision.cs.utexas.edu/381V-fall2016/slides/nagarajan-expt.pdf · Larsson et al. (2016) Previous attempts: Transfer, Scribble. Idea

Demo

http://colorize.ttic.edu/

Thank you