BED 104ASSESSMENT AND

EVALUATION FOR LEARNING

LEARNING EXPERIENCES

BY-KAVITA PADMAWAR

LEARNING EXPERIENCES- Desired change in behavior is called

learning. It refers to mental, emotional and physical reaction.

Change in behavior means responses to stimuli.

LEARNING ACTIVITIES- Activities which include an

arrangement of teaching aids, questioning, explanations, observations, visits, handling of apparatus, models, charts, reading, writing etc. leads to learn.

Learning experience- Learning experience is the interaction

of the learner and the situation provided by the teacher.

Situation should be provided as per the objectives and tools available for evaluation.

Learning experiences are student’s activities planned with specific purpose of producing desired change.

Types of learning experiences-

Direct learning experiences Indirect learning experiences

Direct learning experiences-Role of sensory organs

“Firsthand experience with various objects or symbols are termed as direct experiences.”

e. g. Perceptual learning- seeing, hearing, smelling, testing, touching/ feeling, handling and manipulating objects.

Illustrations of direct experiences-

Observing and experimenting with material. Constructing models or plans. Drawing, painting, dramatization. Listing important facts. Stating Generalization.

MERITS It is firsthand experience. It is most reliable. It is long lasting. It gives an opportunity for developing a

observation skill.

LIMITATIONS OF DIRECT EXPERIENCES

These are not possible for all subjects, content, age group and in all situations.

These are relative in nature. Not possible to all. To get experience, it is not possible to all, to visit a

certain place. It is not possible to give experience of incidences

which happen with very high and very slow speed. There are limitations to give an experience of

danger zone. It is time consuming. It is very expensive.

Indirect learning experiences-

“It is type of experience through which we acquire the learning outcome without firsthand experience.”

Examples- Reading account or discussion in

books. Listening to oral discussion, lectures. Observing pictures, maps, charts. Classroom teaching.

Merits Time saving experience. Can simulate the situation. It is helpful to develop imagination

power. It also helps for the creativity of the

teacher.

Limitations - These are indirect, so could be

limitation to comprehend the whole concept or incidences.

These experiences are limited in nature.

These are not too effective to understand.

Not suitable for slow learners. Not effective for small childrens.

Criteria for choosing a learning experience-

It should be related to the objective. It should be meaningful and satisfying to

learner. It should be related to life situations. While selecting the experience, availability

of material and time should be considered. The effect could be evaluated. It should be effective to bring about

desired changes.

Various agencies/ centers of learning experiences-

Home Society School Mass media Journey and excursions Peer groups