learning english with cbc edmonton monthly feature story

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Learning English with CBC

Edmonton

Monthly feature story:

It’s called the beautiful

game

April 2013 Lesson plans created by Justine Light

http://www.cbc.ca/edmonton/learning‐english/ www.alberta.ca


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Feature Story Objectives

It’s called the beautiful game

CLB competency outcomes Listening: Reading: Speaking: Writing:

L: Identify factual details and some implied meanings in extended narration; identify situation, purpose of speech, and relationship between speakers. R: Access, locate, integrate, interpret, and analyze information contained in a two or three page moderately complex text on a familiar or work related topic; draw conclusions. S: (knowledge and strategies) Produce intelligible and communicatively effective pronunciation W: Demonstrate good control over a variety of sentence patterns

Language skills Vocabulary: Use vocabulary words in context

Grammar: Understand and use the word ‘so’

Pronunciation: Tips for improving pronunciation

Language Activities (in order of appearance in materials)

Answering comprehension questions and discussion questions about a short background text on medical research in Alberta Completing pre‐listening activities to build vocabulary and prepare learners for audio Listening to the audio to identify facts and details Listening to audio to develop note‐taking skills Learning tips for improving pronunciation Identifying the uses of the word ‘so’ Completing pre‐ reading vocabulary activity Scanning text and making inferences to select relevant information Using a dictionary to effectively understand and use new vocabulary words Recognising the main ideas and supporting information in a variety of sentence structures


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Introduction

Background Reading: Alberta Innovates http://www.albertainnovates.ca

Alberta Innovates is a Government of Alberta service that ensures research and innovations developed in Alberta can make it out of the lab and into the world.

Here is an excerpt from their website:

Innovation and research take place every minute of the day in every corner of the world.

One of those corners is Alberta, Canada. Some of the world's top discoveries have taken

place right here in Alberta and are already making a difference in the lives of people

worldwide. And we are just getting started. But our system wasn't created overnight.

Decades of research experience helped us create this new system for innovation that

companies and researchers around the world agree is unique. Our secret to success can be

attributed to good old‐fashioned smarts and our "let's get it done" work ethic. Our long‐

term endowment funds with billions invested in research may also have something to do

with it. If you ignore our infamous winters, our climate is right. The highest economic

growth in Canada over the last 20 years makes Alberta attractive to those with a savvy nose

for business. Researchers also recognize a good idea when it lands in their inbox. Which is

one reason our universities, technical institutes and research organizations continue to

attract the cream of the crop.

As you know, the big idea is just the beginning. Resources can make or break a potential

discovery. This is where Alberta Innovates shines. We're shredding red tape, and clearing

you a path to success. With just one call, we can connect you with the resources you need

without the wait. Alberta Innovates thrives on challenges. Finding ways to make discoveries

happen keeps us focused on innovating a system that is innovative to begin with. After all,

we have to keep up with the Einsteins of the world. And we are.

Food for thought: What are some of the medical breakthroughs that have taken place in

your lifetime? How important is technological innovation in today’s society?


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The Audio

In this audio, you will hear CBC journalist Gareth Hampshire talking with two researchers from the University of Alberta whose research comparing the lessons that can be learned from soccer and how these lessons might be important for health care has been published in an international journal.

CBC file photo

Before you listen:

What are some valuable life skills we can learn by participating in team sports?

SPEAKER TITLE: IT’S CALLED THE BEAUTIFUL GAME

0:00 Lydia

Neufeld

Two university researchers made headlines around the world this week after suggesting our

health care system could learn a lot from soccer. Their paper has been published in the

British Medical Journal's Christmas edition. And it turns out the researchers are from the

University of Alberta. Gareth Hampshire has been talking to them. He joins me now. Hi

Gareth. I know you're a big soccer fan but how serious is this?


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Pre‐listening vocabulary

The words below are from the audio. The definitions are next to the words. Read the definitions then complete the sentences.

WORD DEFINITION

A. make headlines (phrasal verbs)

To become an important news story

B. publish (verb) To be printed in a book, journal or magazine

C. edition (noun) One journal, for example, in a series

D. analyze (verb) To study something closely

E. oversimplify (verb) Make something so simple that you can lose its true meaning

F. intervention (noun) A medical treatment to try to stop a medical condition from becoming worse

G. spin/spun (verb) When an idea is presented in a certain way to make it seem better than it really is

H. affect (verb) Make a difference to things, to change something

I. parallels (noun) Things that are very similar to each other without being exactly the same, similarities

J. priority (noun) A thing that is thought to be more important than another

K. complexities (noun) Situations that are very complicated and difficult

L. generate/generating (verb) Cause something to happen, creating

M. motivation (noun) The reason for doing something

N. multi‐ disciplinary (adjective)

Often describes a team which is made up of specialists from all different areas

O. bounce back (phrasal verb) Get well quickly


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Use the vocabulary words to complete the following sentences. (Answers can be found in the appendix.)

1. There are many ______________________ between being a pharmacist in Canada and

in my home country.

2. The team taking care of the burn victim was ______________________, including

nurses, doctors, nutritionists, and therapists.

3. The terrible behaviour of the politician ______________________ after pictures

appeared on Facebook.

4. Scientists are trying to ______________________ the water to find out why people are

getting sick.

5. It is important not to ______________________ the issue of having a sales tax in

Alberta. There are many ______________________ on each side of the argument.

6. It is important to get early medical ______________________ in cases of skin cancer.

7. I was very happy when my photograph was ______________________ in the magazine.

8. The Government has ______________________ the news about the budget to make it

seem fair to all Albertans.

9. The latest ______________________ of the magazine has photographs from around

Alberta sent in by readers.

10. I was very happy to see my grandmother ______________________ from her recent

illness.

11. The number one ______________________ in my life is my family.

12. Watching the news often seems to ______________________ ideas for discussion in

our class.

13. My main ______________________ for doing this job is that I like feeling that I am

helping children.

14. I am looking forward to spring because the dark winter days often

______________________ my mood negatively.


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Listening for meaning Listen to the interview and answer the following questions.

1. Which sport is used to draw parallels to the health care system by the researchers in this interview?

2. When it comes to a poor performance in a game of soccer, what do fans and experts

usually do, which researchers think could be good practice in the healthcare system? 3. What do healthcare teams usually do after a poor performance? 4. What parts of patients’ and their families’ motivations and lives are often ignored by

medical research? 5. In your own words describe how the soccer coach of FC Edmonton describes how failure

can be used as motivation. 6. How are multi‐disciplinary teams important to the future of the healthcare system?

(Answers can be found in the appendix.)


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Listening strategies – Taking notes with a word web

The goal of the listening strategies section of the monthly feature lesson is to help you to improve your listening skills for all listening situations– not just this audio.

While you are listening, complete this word web. Focus on writing only the most important

information. Note that every circle has at least 2 examples given in the audio. A few are

provided to help you start. (See the appendix for a sample answer.)

Parallels between soccer & healthcare

Bad performance in soccer

Fans/experts

Bad performance in health care

Factors affecting performance

Failure & motivation

Teams


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Building Speaking Skills1

Improving your pronunciation

If you are interested in improving your pronunciation there are many things you can do outside of class to help you improve. What are three things you can think of to help you improve your pronunciation outside of class?

1.______________________________________________

2.______________________________________________

3.______________________________________________

Now read the tips below. How many do you think would be good for you?

Tips for improving pronunciation

1) Shadowing: find a video you like and learn the dialogue for a short scene. You can often find scripts on the Internet. Practice until you have memorized the script. Practice saying the scene along with the characters. Try to copy them exactly. This can really help with stress and intonation…and its fun!

2) Think about difficult words that you need to use a lot in your life or work. Make a list. For example, if you are (or want to be) a hairdresser you will often use words like highlight, layers, and trim. It is easier to improve the important words first than to master all of the rules of pronunciation.

3) If you have a smart phone or a laptop you have the ability to record yourself. Try speaking and listening to yourself. Write down everything you say and listen carefully for any mistakes you think you might have made.

4) If you look a word up in the dictionary, also look up the pronunciation and stress pattern. Knowing a word means to know how it is said!

5) Try to practice for five minutes every day. It is better to practice a little bit everyday than to practice for a long time once a week.

6) Think about pronunciation when you are using English. It is easy to forget about pronunciation when you are trying to communicate with people. Sometimes it is helpful to set an alarm each day to remind yourself to think about pronunciation when you are speaking.

1 Content developed by Jennifer Foote (2012)


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Grammar Activity – Figuring out the word ‘so’

The word ‘so’ is most commonly explained in grammar books as a conjunction that links two

parts of a sentence usually linking causes with results, in any time frame:

I was very hungry so I bought a sandwich.

I need to win a scholarship so I have to study for four hours every evening.

‘So’ can also be seen working in a number of different ways in a sentence:

We use ‘so’ to describe a high amount or degree of something:

It was so cold that day we decided to stay home.

He’s not so small that he can’t ride the rollercoaster.

We use ‘so’ to avoid repeating information:

He believes that the Oilers are the best hockey team in Canada. I don’t think so.

Here ‘so’ helps us to avoid repeating the underlined part of the sentence.

We can use ‘so’ to add emphasis:

He is so rich!

We can use ‘or so’ to express an approximate number or quantity:

It takes four or so months to take the course.

We can use ‘so’ in a conversation to mark a transition in the conversation, such as time for a

change of topics:

So, Michael, let’s talk about your plans for the future…

There are other uses of ‘so’ – a good reference to study this more is Practical English Usage

by Michael Swan (2005).


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Look at the following sentences adapted from the audio:

• Does soccer really have solutions for our health care system? Two university

of Alberta researchers think so.

• What we found is soccer fans and sports announcers love to analyze the

game and love to talk about what made the team win or lose but in health

care research we're not so good at doing that

• So, there you have it Lydia.

• This was the 12th or so paper he tried to get into the British Medical Journal.

Each sentence contains the word ‘so.’

The word ‘so’ has some different functions in these different sentences.

Imagine you are trying to explain to a classmate the different ways to use the word ‘so’ in

English.

Using these examples above can you explain four different uses for the word ‘so’ in English?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(Ssample answers can be found in the appendix)


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Reading Activity

Pre‐reading vocabulary

The following vocabulary activity will help you to understand the reading below.

Match each word to its correct definition.

The first one is done for you. (Answers can be found in the appendix.)

1. rejoinder C A. being similar to something else

2. dramatically B. people working together, on a team

3. mirroring C. A funny and sharp reply or response

4. phenomenon D. the minimum amount needed to start something (work/business)

5. tertiary care E. suddenly or noticeably

6. collaborative F. the underlying/true reason for a problem

7. critical mass G. an event, fact, or situation that exists or happens

8. societal H. get rid of

9. root cause I. organize by characteristics

10. chronic J. lasting for a long period of time

11. eliminate K. the ability to move easily or freely

12. classify L. a factor that affects the outcome of something

13. determinants M. related to society

14. coping N. surviving or dealing with a difficult time or situation

15. mobility O. Advanced health care beyond the family doctor or Emergency Room


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Reading text: Battling Canada’s Obesity Epidemic

Statistics show that almost 60% of Canadians are overweight or obese. In Alberta, a growing number of researchers are studying the complex problem from several angles.

Story by Connie Bryson/Illustrations by Davey Thompson

"I haven't gained weight. Your eyes are fat."

It is the kind of snappy rejoinder many of us would love to have at the ready. Sadly, every year, there are more of us who feel self‐conscious about our weight. According to Statistics Canada, the percentage of Canadians who are overweight or obese has risen dramatically in recent years, mirroring a worldwide phenomenon. The 2004 Canadian Community Health Survey found that 23% of Canadians aged 18 or older (an estimated 5.5 million adults) had a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more, indicating that they were obese. This was up from 14% in 1978–1979. Another 8.6 million, or 36%, were overweight. Yikes! That means the majority of Canadians are overweight or obese.

Albertans are overweight too—our average BMI is the third highest among provinces in the country. An estimated 100,000 Albertans are severely obese (a BMI of 35 or more). Edmonton's Weight Wise Adult Weight Management Clinic is one of the largest tertiary‐care obesity programs in the country.

Although Albertans may be part of the problem, they are also part of the solution. Over the past 10 years, more researchers in Alberta have focused their work on obesity. The research is highly collaborative and cuts across several disciplines including medicine, nursing, nutrition, social sciences, engineering, and law. "In Alberta, we're starting to have a critical mass of people with an interest in studying obesity.

This generates more funding, which in turn attracts more people with expertise in this important area of research," says obesity expert Dr. Arya Sharma, who joined the University of Alberta in 2007 and holds the Chair in Obesity Research and Management.

Dr. Sharma notes that a multidisciplinary approach to obesity is vital. "One thing we know for sure is that the answer to obesity is far more complex than simply telling people to eat less and move more. It's much more complex in terms of the biological, societal, and mental health factors that drive obesity. We're up against root causes that are very much related to evolutionary biology and the environment we've created—not just food but things like escalators, elevators, and remote garage door openers, everything we've done to eliminate physical activity from our lives.


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"I believe there is no health problem more important than obesity. Just about every chronic disease you can think of is linked to obesity. If you are dealing with an obesity‐related chronic disease and you're not treating obesity, you are really just doing palliative care. That, unfortunately, is true for most of our chronic diseases like hypertension, diabetes, hip and joint problems; the list goes on. We've got to get to the root of the problem."

Dr. Sharma's own research is based on his clinical work as medical director of the Alberta Health Services Weight Wise Program. "In the clinic, we see people with high BMIs who are surprisingly healthy and people with low BMIs who are not healthy at all. It made us think that we need a classification system that goes beyond just saying how big people are and should really tell us how sick they are."

The Edmonton Obesity Staging System has five stages of obesity, from stages 0 to 4. At stage 0, patients have no symptoms of obesity‐related health problems. At stage 4, patients have severe obesity‐related health problems. The system is simple for doctors to use—they can easily classify their patients through taking their patients' medical history, conducting physical exams, and taking routine tests like blood sugar and cholesterol levels. The system also provides doctors with specific treatment approaches for each stage.

The classification system is part of a broader effort by Dr. Sharma to change the way physicians treat obesity. "Obesity is a very complex condition," he says. "As physicians, we need to be able to understand the determinants of obesity for individual patients. For example, if a patient's weight problem is related to a mobility issue because of back injury, the approach to treatment is going to be very different from a patient who has a history of sexual abuse and uses food as a coping strategy. It's not the same thing, even though they both may have the same body weight."

Dr. Sharma and his team are testing a new way of assessing patients at the Weight Wise Clinic in Edmonton. The ultimate goal is to develop tools that would work for general practitioners.

Note all of the underlined words in this reading are links to definitions and more information, which can be accessed in the online version of this learning plan.

Excerpt from: Alberta Innovates:

http://www.aihealthsolutions.ca/researchnews/2010/spring/obesityepidemic/


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Reading for meaning

Read the following statements. Identify whether the statements are true or false.

(Answers can be found in the appendix).

1. The rise in the number of people in Canada who are overweight is similar to an

overall global rise in people’s weight. TRUE/FALSE

2. Less than 50 % of Canadians are overweight or obese. TRUE/FALSE

3. Severe obesity is defined as having a body mass index of more than 35. TRUE/FALSE

4. There are a large number of people studying obesity in Alberta. TRUE/FALSE

5. Dr. Sharma believes that the medical team working with obese patients should be

mostly nutritionists. TRUE/FALSE

6. Dr. Sharma identifies a number of environmental factors that can lead to obesity

through inactivity, such as escalators, elevators and remote door openers.

TRUE/FALSE

7. Obesity is connected to a number of other diseases. TRUE/FALSE

8. Physicians need to take one single approach to treating patients who are

overweight. TRUE/FALSE


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Reading Strategies

The goal of the reading strategies of the monthly feature is to help you become a better reader of all reading texts – not just this text.

Dictionary strategies

An English language dictionary (rather than a translation dictionary) can be a very useful resource for an English language learner.

Don't think of a dictionary as the solution for looking up every word that you don't understand. Rather think of the dictionary as a way to check on the meaning of some unfamiliar words, especially those words that really get in the way of understanding a sentence. Still before you check the dictionary, try to guess the meaning of the word.

Think of the dictionary as a double check on your best guess.

Every dictionary is organized differently but most dictionaries will contain the following elements:

Pronunciation symbols Definition – listed if more than one meaning is possible The part of speech of the word, verb, noun, preposition etc.

If you use a particular kind of dictionary called a learners’ version, it can also include helpful features such as example sentences to show the word in use.

An online dictionary will include the same information but may also have the added bonus of an audio feature that provides a model of how to pronounce the word.

Look up these words from the text above using a learners’ dictionary – a paper version or one online.

Answer each question about the dictionary entry: Suggested answers in the appendix

Yikes:

Part of speech (Noun, verb, adv, adj,) __________________________

Any other grammar info (ex: count or non‐count noun) ______________________________

Meaning ___________________________________________________________________________

Example sentence ___________________________________________________________________________


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Did the dictionary provide an accurate explanation of the word in the text? _________________________________________________

Disciplines:



Meaning ___________________________________________________________________________



Clinical



Meaning ___________________________________________________________________________



Ultimate



Meaning ___________________________________________________________________________




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Writing Activity – Sentence variety Using a variety of sentences in your writing will make your essays and letters more interesting for the reader. In English, we have three basic kinds of sentences:

• Simple sentences • Compound sentences • Complex sentences

Simple sentences

This sentence has a subject and a verb and is a complete thought. It can be only two words

ex: John left.

or it can have a number of words

ex: John quickly left the noisy party.

Compound sentences

This sentence is created from joining two complete thoughts together.

Using coordinating conjunctions such as ‘and’ and ‘but. Each of the thoughts is equally important.

EX: John left the noisy party and he called me on his way home.

Complex sentences

A complex sentence has more than one subject and verb but only one main subject and verb. The main subject and verb are called the independent clause; while the subject and verb that are not the main ones, form the dependent clause. The dependent clause is not as important as the independent clause.

John left the party because he was tired. Main idea: John left the party Supporting information: he was tired

John called me while he was driving home. Main idea: John called me Supporting idea: the call happened at the time when he was driving


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Each of the following sentences is adapted from the radio discussion about medical research.

Each sentence is either compound or complex.

Look at each sentence. Identify the main idea and the supporting information. Remember the main idea may or may not be the first part of the sentence.

1. The research is highly collaborative and cuts across several disciplines. Main idea #1 _____________________________________________________________ Main idea #2 _____________________________________________________________

2. We’re up against the root causes of obesity that are very much related to evolutionary

biology and the environment. Main idea: _____________________________________________________________ Supporting information: _____________________________________________________________

3. The ultimate goal is to develop tools that would work for general practitioners.

Main idea:

_____________________________________________________________

Supporting information:

_____________________________________________________________


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Links

To learn more about medical research in Alberta, check out the following website:

http://albertainnovates.ca

To read more about this study by Professor Alex Clark:

http://www.news.ualberta.ca/newsarticles/2012/12/goalwhatsoccercanteachhealthresearchers

To read Dr. Arya Sharma’s blog about obesity:

http://www.drsharma.ca

To learn more about FC Edmonton:

http://www.cbc.ca/edmonton/soccer

To learn more about community soccer in Edmonton

https://www.edmontonsoccer.com

To learn more about community soccer in Calgary

http://www.calgaryarea.com/calgary_soccer.htm

To learn more about community soccer in Red Deer

http://www.rdcsa.com/

To learn more about community soccer in Alberta

http://www.albertasoccer.com/


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Appendix ‐ Answer Keys

Pre‐listening vocabulary

1. There are many parallels between being a pharmacist in Canada and in my home

country.

2. The team taking care of the burn victim was multi‐disciplinary including nurses, doctors,

nutritionists, and therapists.

3. The terrible behaviour of the politician made headlines after pictures appeared on

Facebook.

4. Scientists are trying to analyze the water to find out why people are getting sick.

5. It is important not to oversimplify the issue of having a sales tax in Alberta. There are

many complexities on each side of the argument.

6. It is important to get early medical intervention in cases of skin cancer.

7. I was very happy when my photograph was published in the magazine.

8. The Government has spun the news about the budget to make it seem fair to all

Albertans.

9. The latest edition of the magazine has photographs from around Alberta sent in by

readers.

10. I was very happy to see my grandmother bounce back from her recent illness.

11. The number one priority in my life is my family.

12. Watching the news often seems to generate ideas for discussion in our am helping

children.

13. I am looking forward to spring because the dark winter days often affects my mood to

be negative.


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Listening for meaning

1. Which sport is used to draw parallels to the health care system by the researchers in this

interview? Soccer

2. When it comes to a poor performance in a game of soccer, what do fans and experts

usually do which researchers think could be good practice in the healthcare system? Fans and experts analyse what went wrong at great length

3. What do healthcare teams usually do after a poor performance?

Oversimplify things, avoid details, spin the results into good news 4. What parts of patients and their families’ motivations and lives are often ignored by

medical research? Their relationship with their family doctor/ what else is going on in their lives

5. In your own words describe how the soccer coach of FC Edmonton describes how failure

can be used as motivation. You can teach the players what went wrong & how to improve on that/ experiencing a defeat makes players understand that change is needed

6. How are multi‐disciplinary teams important to the future of the healthcare system?

They can work together with patients and families to ensure better health outcomes


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Listening strategies – Taking notes with a word web

Parallels between soccer & healthcare

Bad performance in soccer

Fans/experts Analyze the problems

Bad performance in health care

Spin the results

Avoid details and oversimplfy

things Factors affecting

performance

relationship with doctor

tOher things going on in life affecting health

Trust in doctor

Failure & motivation

defeat may be necessary for understanding change is needed


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Grammar – understanding the word ‘so’

Using these examples above can you explain four different uses for the word ‘so’ in English?

1. In this case the word ‘so’ replaces all of the information in the first sentence, without

the word ‘so’ the sentence would be:

But does soccer really have solutions for our health care system. Two university of

Alberta researchers think soccer does have solutions for the health care system.

2. In this case, the word ‘so’ states there is a lot of something – together with the negative

‘so’ emphasizes there isn’t a lot of good.

3. In this case, ‘so’ is used to show a change in the conversation, such as time for a change

of topics, or in this case the conclusion of the discussion.

4. In this case ‘so’ is used along with ‘or’ to show this is an estimated number

Reading Activity Pre‐reading vocabulary

1. rejoinder C A. being similar to something else

2. dramatically E B. people working together, on a team

3. mirroring A C. A funny and sharp reply or response

4. phenomenon G D. the minimum amount needed to start something (work/business)

5. tertiary O E. suddenly or noticeably

6. collaborative B F. the underlying/true reason for a problem

7. critical mass D G. an event, fact, or situation that exists or happens

8. societal M H. get rid of

9. root cause F I. organize by characteristics

10. chronic J J. lasting for a long period of time

11. eliminate H K. the ability to move easily or freely

12. classify I L. a factor that affects the outcome of something

13. determinants L M. related to society


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14. coping N N. surviving or dealing with a difficult time or situation

15. mobility K O. Advanced health care beyond the family doctor or Emergency Room

Reading for meaning

1. The rise in the number of people in Canada who are overweight is similar to an overall global rise in people’s weight. TRUE/FALSE

2. Less than 50 % of Canadians are overweight or obese. TRUE/FALSE

3. Severe obesity is defined as having a body mass index of more than 35. TRUE/FALSE

4. There are a large number of people studying obesity in Alberta. TRUE/FALSE

5. Dr. Sharma believes that the medical team working with obese patients should be

mostly nutritionists. TRUE/FALSE

6. Dr. Sharma identifies a number of environmental factors that can lead to obesity through inactivity, such as escalators, elevators and remote door openers. TRUE/FALSE

7. Obesity is connected to a number of other diseases. TRUE/FALSE

8. Physicians need to take one single approach to treating patients who are

overweight. TRUE/FALSE

Reading Strategies Answers using Merriam Webster Online learners dictionary

learnersdictionary.com or via m‐w.com ‐ your answers may be different

Yikes:

Part of speech: (Noun, verb, adv, adj,) Interjection

Any other grammar info (ex: count or non‐count noun) Informal

Meaning: Used to express surprise or fear

Example sentence: Yikes! Is it really midnight already?

Did the dictionary provide an accurate explanation of the word in the text? Yes

Disciplines:


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Part of speech: (Noun, verb, adv, adj,) noun

Any other grammar info (ex: count or non‐count noun) count & has plural form

Meaning: An area of study

Example sentence: She has received training in several academic disciplines.

Did the dictionary provide an accurate explanation of the word in the text? It was a little difficult to find the correct meaning because there were four very different definitions

Clinical

Part of speech: (Noun, verb, adv, adj,) adjective

Any other grammar info (ex: count or non‐count noun) always used before a noun

Meaning: relates to a place where medical treatment is given

Example sentence: She has been the clinical director here for five years.


Ultimate

Part of speech: (Noun, verb, adv, adj,) adjective

Any other grammar info: (ex: count or non‐count noun) always used before a noun

Meaning: coming at the end of a process

Example sentence: Our ultimate aim/goal/purpose is to increase production.


Writing activity 1. The research is highly collaborative and cuts across several disciplines.

Main idea #1 The research is highly collaborative Main idea #2 The research cuts across several disciplines 2. We’re up against the root causes of obesity that are very much related to evolutionary

biology and the environment. Main idea:


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We’re up against the root causes of obesity Supporting information: The root cause of obesity include evolutionary biology and the environment.

3. The ultimate goal is to develop tools that would work for general practitioners. Main idea:

The ultimate goal is to develop tools

Supporting information:

These tools must work for general practitioners


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Appendix – Transcript

SPEAKER TITLE: IT’S CALLED THE BEAUTIFUL GAME 0:00 Lydia

Neufeld Two university researchers made headlines around the world this week after suggesting our health care system could learn a lot from soccer. Their paper has been published in the British Medical Journal's Christmas edition. And it turns out the researchers are from right here, from the University of Alberta. CBC’s Gareth Hampshire has been talking to them. He joins me in studio. Hi Gareth, now I know you're a big soccer fan but really, seriously, soccer and health care?

0:24 Gareth Hampshire

Yeah, I know what you mean but the British medical journal is known for publishing more light hearted papers in its Christmas edition but I talked to the researchers and they tell me they are pretty serious, Lydia, in their conclusions that the health system could learn things from soccer.

0:37 Lydia Neufeld

All right, so what kinds of things do they point to then?


One big one is how soccer teams deal with bad results, compared with health care. And how in soccer losing or poor performances leads to really quick and detailed analysis. Lorraine Thirsk is an assistant professor who worked on the paper.

0:53 Lorraine Thirsk

What we found is soccer fans and sports announcers love to analyze the game and love to talk about what made the team win or lose. But in health care research we're not so good at doing that. We tend to over simplify things when studies are published. They’re written very simply and the detail of what actually happened in the intervention often isn't there. If the intervention wasn't successful, often those research findings aren't published or if they are they're kind of spun in a positive way.

1:22 Lydia Neufeld

So if we were to do that with health care, as to why we’ve lost what would that really tell us?


Well what the researchers point to, if you look at one of the best players in the world, who many people think, Lionel Messi you'll hear talk by coaches and sportscasters about who else needs to be on the team to get the best out of him. Does playing at home or away affect his performance? What if there's a muddy pitch? What impact does that have? And researcher Lorraine Thirsk says you can draw some parallels.

1:48 Lorraine Thirsk

And you relate that to health care interventions and you're looking at do the patients and their families like their family doctor? Do they find it comforting to go and talk to them about things? Do they feel like they can be honest with them? Do they have a lot of other things going on in their life that makes taking care of themselves a lower priority? And those are all the complexities that really are written out of health research right now.

2:09 Lydia Neufeld

So given that they are suggesting something’s missing in our health research, what kind of reaction is this generating?


This was described as not a priority to me by the ministry of health, so they’re not looking at this. And it's a little bit surprising to the coaches at our local pro soccer team, FC Edmonton.


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I talked to Jeff Paulus the team's assistant coach. One thing he does agree with is that way teams use failure as motivation

2:33 Jeff Paulus Players have to experience failure to get better. They have to experience loss. You try to teach them what they do wrong, what went wrong and how you improve on that. And let’s face it for myself with this academy, and you work with young players its a lot easier to teach someone things they might need to change when they just experienced a defeat. If they always have success, if they always win they're very hard to try to change.

2:56 Lydia Neufeld

And, one of the big things, Gareth facing our health system that we've done a lot of stories about is access to the system. What does this paper say about access?


Well, this is where the researchers talk about the future Lydia, the model of health care being health care teams. And that again some of the best soccer coaches have lots of success getting the best out of their teams and might have some knowledge to pass on. Alex Clark is the lead professor on the paper.

3:20 Alex Clark I think the big takeaways for the Canadian health care system is that teams matter. Multi ‐disciplinary teams of doctors and nurses, patients and caregivers and families are really important and really important to the future of the Canadian health care system. And how patients, their families and health professionals work together and can they add value to each other, and work effectively and contribute to better health, is going to be key.


And this is a big bounce back‐story for Alex Clarke, too, Lydia, the researcher there. This was the 12th or so paper he tried to get in the British Medical Journal. So, he’s a little bit thrilled that as a lifelong soccer fan he’s done it this way.

3:58 Lydia Neufeld

Alright, thanks so much Gareth.


Thanks, Lydia.

4:01 Lydia Neufeld

CBC reporter Gareth Hampshire.

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