learn that a mass extinction event is impending, and to...
TRANSCRIPT
Discovering new species & more
Publication &Digital Archives
Applications of New Technology
Education& Outreach
A Five-Year Global Effort
Exploration& Collections
FreshwaterConservation
SynergisticCollaborations
ALL CATFISH SPECIES INVENTORY“We belong to the first generation to learn that a mass extinction event is impending, and to the last generation with the opportunity to inventory much of our planet’s biodiversity before it disappears forever.”
Planetary Biological Inventories (PBIs) are large-scale projects to discover and docu-ment all species of a “major clade” (i.e., large group of descendent species from a common ancestor, including fossils). PBIs empower international teams of scientists and institu-tions to assemble a comprehensive frame-work for understanding Earth’s biodiversity, history and ecosystems. No projects of such magnitude have ever been attempted. Given the accelerated rate of change of our planet – the time is now.
ACSI’s Principal Investigators are Drs. ACSI explores new waters
ACSI’s primary goal: the complete classification of all catfish species
One amazing discovery: a catfish from Mexico with African roots
ACSI funds publication of papers on catfish species & classification
Transforming anatomical science for the 21st Century
Species inventories are the basis for sound conservation policies
Natural ties exist between ACSI & many other NSF-supported projects
Inaugural PBI projectsfunded by the National Science Foundation
are global inventories of
Catfishes, Plant Bugs,True Slime Molds
& Solanum(plant group including potatoes & tomatoes)
Catfishes found on all continents including fossils on Antarctica
Not all species discoveries are made in the field: many new cat-
fishes are discovered in the world’s collections
• To diagnose new species, specimens old and new must be compared to those of already described species, particularly “types” used for their original descriptions. ACSI facilitates such work by funding museum visits, type-im-aging projects, and rare literature scanning, and by making images and literature globally available via the Internet.
An integrated approach for under-standing Earth’s catfish diversity
Catalog of Fishesresearch.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/Catalog
W. Eschmeyer et al.California Academy of Sciences
Cypriniformes Tree of Lifebio.slu.edu/mayden/cypriniformes/home.html
R. Mayden et al.St. Louis University
Amazon Voyage Exhibit
L. Enriconi et al.Miami Museum of
Science & Planetarium
The Mussel Projectclade.acnatsci.org/mussel
D. Graf & K. CummingsAcademy of Natural Sciences
& Illinois Natural History Survey
The Congo Projectresearch.amnh.org/ichthyology/congo/index_02.html
M. Stiassny et al.American Museum of Natural History
Morphobank Projectwww.morphobank.org
M. O’Leary & S. KaufmanStony Brook University
Haploporid MonographsR. Overstreet et al.
University ofSouthern Mississippi
DigiMorphwww.digimorph.org
T. Rowe et al.University of Texas
At Austin
DeepFin Projectwww.deepfin.org
G. Orti et al.University of Nebraska
Tree of LifeWeb Project www.tolweb.org/tree
D. Maddison et al.University of Arizona
• 4.68 million dollars over 5 years (2003-’08).
• $835,000 budgeted for graduate students and postdocs in the USA and $674,212 awarded to American and foreign participants (student and professional).
ACSI’s digital archives @http://silurus.ansp.org
Step 1: compilation of all previously named and described species. Published in “Check-list of catfishes, recent and fossil…” by ACSI co-PI Carl J. Ferraris, Jr.: summarizes impor-tant taxonomic information for all 4,624 spe-cies of catfishes ever described.
Step 2: discovery, naming and description of new species: ongoing with over 350 new species described since the start of the proj-ect. Step 3: organization of all species into hierar-chical groups (i.e., genera, families) based on evolutionary relationships: DNA sequences compiled and analyzed for over 130 species representative of all major catfish lineages. The relationships proposed by this new and comprehensive molecular data set provide new insights on the evolution of catfishes that are being compared to traditional hypotheses based on morphological data.
Phylogeny or “tree” of catfishes based on DNA sequence data compiled by ACSI
postdoc John Sullivan and collaborators.
Lacantunia enigmatica Rodiles-Hernán-dez, Hendrickson & Lundberg 2005
2003 NSF Announcementof New Program:
Planetary Biodiversity Inventories
ACSI fieldwork always involves working with local peoples and routinely provides unique opportunities to educate indigenous commu-nities on catfishes and conservation.
2008 Publication in BioScience
2006 Mongolia Expedition
Global distribution of catfishes († fossils)
Global distribution ACSI participants & correspondents
†
† †† †
Lawrence PageCarl Ferraris, Jr. University of Florida
Jonathan ArmbrusterAuburn University
John FrielCornell University
Mark Sabaj PérezJohn Lundberg
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
ACSI co-PI Jonathan Armbrust-er teaches lesson on catfishes to Amerindian schoolchildren of the Karasabi village, Guyana.
Catfishes were chosen due to their global distribution, high diversity, and
widespread familiarity.
As esteemed naturalist Archie Carr noted: Any damned fool knows a catfish!
Nevertheless, we fools are damned far from knowing all catfishes!
• Nearly 9,000 images of important specimens (e.g., “types”) housed in 54 museums distrib-uted on every continent, and PDFs of over 1,000 catfish publications, most of rare or out-of-print works.
• Participants can upload, download & view im-ages of catfishes and their habitats as well as pertinent literature. Images are combined with ongoing taxonomic and evolutionary studies to create on-line taxa lists and descriptions, identification keys and distribution maps.
• Lacantunia enigmatica (below), represen-tative of a new catfish Family Lacantunii-dae, in Chiapas, Mexico.
• Morphological and molecular data indicate that its closest relatives are African.
• The Chiapas catfish is the only New World catfish with intimate ties to Africa, and sug-gests new biogeographic scenarios for to-day’s distribution of freshwater organisms.
• Catscan or x-ray computed tomography (HRXCT) developed by the DigiMorph team at the University of Texas, Austin generates detailed 3D images of entire specimens that ACSI digitally dissects to study and document complex internal anatomy.
• Skeletal atlases for representative catfishes and is made available via the Catfish Bones website: http://catfishbone.acnatsci.org/.
• Special issues in two scientific journals: Neotropical Ichthyology (in 2005 & 2008, published by the Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia) and the Proceedings of the Acad-emy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (2008). Creating such outlets regularly stim-ulates the completion of ongoing studies. • Support and training for over 20 undergradu-
ates, 12 graduate students and 4 postdocs at US institutions.
• Training in the field and lab to dozens of stu-dents abroad.
• Museum exhibits at The Academy of Natural Sciences (ANSP) & National Mississippi River Museum & Aquarium.
• Workshops in Brazil, Singapore and South Africa.
• Classes, talks, tours, tutorial videos and oth-er public programs in collaboration with the ANSP Education Department
• ACSI expeditions yield valuable collections of fishes and aquatic organisms shared with the Cypriniformes Tree of Life and Mussel Project.
• ACSI studies on the phylogenetic history of catfishes create branches for the Tree of Life Web Project.
• ACSI expertise provides accurate informa-tion and materials for public exhibits such as Amazon Voyage developed by the Miami Musuem of Science. Such cooperative work elevates the profiles and productivity of many NSF projects, such as those shown below.
• Taxonomy is the global language for com-municating information about biodiversity
• ACSI has contributed knowledge and exper-tise to an effort by World Wildlife Fund and The Nature Conservancy to newly identify and characterize the Earth’s freshwater eco-systems.
• Covering virtually all freshwater habitats, the Ecoregion Map, together with associated species data, is an invaluable tool for under-pinning global and regional conservation plan-ning efforts, for serving as a logical framework for large-scale conservation strategies.
• 51 field projects in 22 countries including major ACSI expeditions to Argentina, Brazil, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Guyana, Indonesia, Mexico, Mongolia, Papua New Guinea, Republic of Congo, Suriname, Tan-zania, Thailand, Venezuela and Zambia.
• Hundreds of thousands of specimens & thousands of genetic samples deposited in museums in the USA and around the world.
Mark Sabaj Pérez& John Sullivan
The Academy of Natural Sciences1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103
2008 CNSF Poster Presentation by
Sample webpagesColombia
Guyana
Peru
Mongolia
Kyle Luckenbillteaching at ANSP
Peru
• Over 3100 valid living & fossil species in 40 families worldwide (about 1 in 4 freshwater fishes, 1 in 10 fishes and 1 in 20 vertebrates is a catfish).
• Most diverse in the large equatorial water-sheds of South America, Southeast Asia and Africa.
• 45 living species in one family (Ictaluridae) endemic to North America.
• ACSI comprises an International research network of 422 participants (including 133 students) in 53 countries.
• 221 ACSI grants and fellowships awarded to participants at home and abroad created new opportunities for fieldwork, museum research, specimen imaging projects and communication of results via print and web-based publications.
100/73 100,100
50/1 70,87
100/39 100,100
100/17 100,100
83/4 80,96
100/52 100,100
99/15 99,100
100/89 100,100
100/130 100,100
100/27 100,100
100/109 100,100
99/10 100,100
100/35 100,100
100/86 100,100
90/8 97,100
100/49 100,100
55/2 55,69
100/47 100,100
65/4 --,--
100/41 100,100
100/65 100,100
100/26 100,100
89/7 72,100
99/10 100,100
100/47 100,100
100/24 100,100
100/22 98,100
100/18 100,100
68/1 80,99
100/17 100,100
100/9 100,100 100/93
100,100
100/39 100,100
93/8 96,100
67/3 50,56
100/18 100,100
100/68 100,100
97/10 99,100
100/37 100,100
100/14 100,100
100/77 100,100
100/82 100,100
100/44 100,100
100/53 100,100 99/15
100,100 99/11 99,100
96/9 99,100
100/12 100,100
100/49 100,100
100/58 100,100
100/16 100,100
62/1 59,62
100/21 100,100
100/25 100,100
100/38 100,100
99/11 100,100
97/10 100,100
100/81 100,100
81/4 80,98 100/49
100,100
96/8 100,100 100/60
100,100 100/13 100,100
99/16 100,100
100/22 100,100
100/69 100,100
71/4 79,88
100/26 100,100
100/103 100,100 100/139
100,100 88/12 100,100
100/170 100,100
100/57 100,100
96/10 98,100
100/23 100,100
100/20 100,100
100/55 100,100
100/78 100,100
59/1 89,100
59/2 --,--
Noturus ins Ictalurus pun Ameiurus neb Pylodictis oli Cranoglanis bou
Kryptopterus min Micronema apo Hemisilurus moo Pterocryptis ano Wallago sp Chaca sp Chaca cha Porochilus ren Neosilurus ate Plotosus lin
Pangasius lar Helicophagus waa Pangasianodon hyp
Hara sp Erethistes sp Nangra vir Glyptothorax tri Bagarius yar Amblyceps sp Akysis sp Acrochordonichthys rug Laides hex Ailia coi Hemibagrus wyc Bagrus doc Heterobagrus boc Leiocassis poe Bagrichthys mac Batasio tig Olyra lon
Horabagrus bra Pseudeutropius bra
Rita rit
Phyllonemus typ Bathybagrus tet Lophiobagrus bre Rheoglanis den Chrysichthys sp Schilbe int Pareutropius deb Paralia sp Parauchenoglanis bal Anaspidoglanis mac Auchenoglanis occ Phractura lon Belonoglanis ten Amphilius jac Zaireichthys sp Malapterurus tan Malapterurus ben Microsynodontis sp Synodontis bat Euchilichthys dyb Atopochilus sav
Conorhynchos con
Micromyzon aka Hoplomyzon sex Pterobunocephalus sp
Cetopsis coe Cetopsis can
Helogenes mar
Heterobranchus lon Clarias gab Clarias bat Heteropneustes fos
Ketengus sp Cephalocassis bor Sciades fel Bagre mar Galeichthys per Gogo arc
Rhamdia sp Pimelodella cri Goeldiella equ
Pimelodus orn Hypophthalmus ede Phractocephalus hem
Parauchenipterus gal Ageneiosus uca Centromochlus hec
Leptodoras lin Anduzedoras oxy Acanthodoras cat
Imparfinis coc Imparfinis st2 Imparfinis st1
Pseudopimelodus man Pseudopimelodus buf Batrochoglanis ran
Cetopsidae
Aspredinidae
Auchenipteridae
Doradidae
Clariidae Anchariidae
Ariidae
Horabagridae
Bagridae
Akysidae Amblycipitidae Sisoridae
Erethistidae
Plotosidae
Chacidae
Siluridae
Pseudopimelodidae
Pimelodidae
Heptapteridae
Cranoglanididae
Ictaluridae
Pangasiidae
Mochokidae
Malapteruridae
Amphiliidae
Auchenoglaninae
Schilbidae
Claroteinae
PIM
ICT
SIS D
OR
B
IG A
SIA B
IG A
FRIC
A
Heteropneustidae CLA
AR
I A
SP + DO
R
SILUR
OID
EI
Diplomystes mes
Diplomystes nah
Lamontichthys sti
Farlowella nat
Loricaria sim
Liposarcus mul
Astroblepus sp2
Astroblepus sp1
Scoloplax dis
Callichthys cal
Corydoras tri
Nematogenys ine
98/14 100,100
100/89 100,100
Trichomycterus gui
Bullockia mal 100/53 100,100
Henonemus pun
Ochmacanthus alt 100/58 100,100
55/3 75,100
99/17 100,100
68/1 61,90
98/11 97,100
100/34 100,100
100/51 100,100
100/158 100,100
100/76 100,100
100/54 100,100
100/18 100,100
100/111 100,100
100/73 100,100
SILUR
OID
EI
Diplomystidae
Loricariidae
Astroblepidae
Callichthyidae
Trichomycteridae
Scoloplacidae
Nematogenyidae
LOR
ICA
RIO
IDEI
N. America S. America Eurasia Africa Madagascar Marine
ACSI creates opportunities for young scientists & the public