learn Punjabl

PRINCIPAL SANTOKH SINGH

I'-

LEARN PUNJABIIN 25 DAYS

By

Principal Santokh Singh M.A, M.Ed (Gold Medanist)

District Education Officer (Rtd.)

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©Publisher

ISBN 81-7601-397-8

Fifth Edition. August 2004

Sixth Edition: February 2005

Price: 501-

Publisher

B. Chattar Singh Jiwan SinghBazar Mai Sewan, Amritsar. (India)

Phone: (0183)2542345, 2547974,2557973Fax: (0183)2557973

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CONTENTS

PRELIMINARIES_

Punjabi Alphabet (How to Read)

Punjabi Alphabet (How to Write)Punjabi Alphabet (How to Pronounce)

Jumbled LettersVowelsDeclensionConsonants for Borrowed SoundsReading Exercise I:(a) Simple Words(b) Words of Two Letters(c) Words of Three Letters(d) Words of Four LettersConjunctsDouble ConsonantsNasal Signs

Reading Exercise II

VOCABULARY

Parts of the Body 28 Birds

Days 29 Insects

Months 30 ColoursTime 31 Numbers

Directions 32 Ordinals

Edibles 33 Relationships

Fruits 34 PeopleVegetables 35 PlacesAnimals 36 Nature

5

78

1011

121316

1718

192021222325

27

3738

394043444648jO

House 52 Agriculture 60Domestic Articles 53 Industry 61Metals 55 Education 62Attires 56 Print Media 64Feelings 57 Diseases 65Occupations 58 Some Useful Words 67

GRAMMAR 69

Gender 70 Adjectives 86Number 72 Verbs 87Case 74 Adverbs 88(a) Nouns with Case-ending 76 Preposition 89(b) Transformation of words ending Conjunction 90with "aa" in the Nominative 78 Exclamatory 91Case-Its Application 80 Interogatives 92Pronouns 82

SENTENCE MAKING 93

To Be 94 Interrogative Sentences 102

To Have 95 Participies 103Presenl Tense 96 Some More Sentences 104

Past TeT'se 98 Intransitive/Future Tense 99 Transitive Verbs 106Imperative Sentences 100 Voice 108

Exclamatory/ Idiomatic Sentences 110Optative Sentences 101 Proverbs III

COMPOSITION 113-Lekh Rachanaa 114 Story Writing 136

Dialogue Writing Jl8 Ardaas 144

Letters and Applications 126

****

PRELIMINARIES \~~r4 j!:J"'~IQf' M~~

(7)

Lesson 1 UTO 1

PUNJABl ALPHABET~ r ({}3t)

How to read

~ l)f E H <J

ooraa airaa eerec sassaa haahaa

0 A I S H

a- ~ or l.U" ~

kakkaa khakkhaa gaggaa ghagg"" ganggaan

K KH G Gll ANG

ti G t:r S' ~

chachchaa chhachhchhaa jaijaa jhaijaa vannyaan

CH CHH J JH ANJ

C '0 ;I ~ ~

tainkaa thatthaa ~a~~aa ~ha~~aa Qaal)aa

T TH P pH N

3' -a ~ tl '0

tattaa thatthaa daddaa dhadda lIannaa

T TH D DH N

l.I G a- 9' H

pappaa phapphaa babbaa bhabbaa mammaa

P PH B BH ~

ljf 0- g ~ :f

yayyaa raaraa lallaa vavvaa raaraay R L V R

Note: The first letters, fi, >H', tT, are carriers ofvowel signs,

~

~1"3d4~

~" 2 •3 ;;::::::::::J

~~

(!I

H~~

Note 1. All Punjabi letters having top line are to be started from

that (i.e. toP) line.

2. Dome of f} is not the top line. It is an additional line.

(10)

lesson 3 1JTO 3

PUNJABI ALPHABET

How to Pronounce

I. Punjabi is a phonetic language having one symbol for each sound.

2. Each group from two to six are pronounced by touching the

tongue at a definite place of palate or so, with second group

beginning from soft palate to the sixth at the lips.

3. Second and fourth Ictters of these group!. have aspirated sounds.

They should be pronounced as such i.c. by mingling 'h' sound

with the respective first or third letters.

4. First three letters i.e.€t, l)f, l: are carriers of vowel signs. They

never occur without them (signs).

5. 151 ANG is pronounccd as 'N' in long, pong. song, wrong.

6. V ANJ is pronounced as 'N' in bunch, crunch, hunch.

7. ~ N is pronounced as other letters of the group by tongue

touching the hard palate.

8. 0 N is pronounced as other letters of the group by tongue

touching the hind offront upper teeth.

9. c-~T-P (with dot below) are hard e.g.

eTas 'f in ten, town, towel.

~ ~ as '~' in dare, den, diet.

IO. 3'-~ T-D (without dot) are soft e.g.

3' T sorry there is no such (equivalent) sound in English.

~ D as 'the' in brother, bother, that.

11.;r ~ is pronounced almost as R with extra accent. Again there is

no equivalent sound in English.

12. LaSllcttcrs of groups ("'0 to six are nasal con"iOllants ofwhich 151

(ANG) and V (ANJ) arc no longer in vogue.

Lesson 4 l..f1O 4

JUMBLED LETTERS

~8j~·~ Bhulaven akhhar

~ ~ ~ 6"

~ d or ~

H H "S"

tr l:f U l:f}Jf "0 0 eE C ~ 11

~ liT B

1? ~

3" ~

(11 )

(12)

Lesson 5 1.I'O 5

VOWELS

R?O SwaT

Punjabi Roman P1'onunciation Examplel)f A (short) a cut, hut, nut, ruck

l){T A (long) aa fall, tall, father

fu I (short) kill, miss, ship

~ j (long) ee seen, keen, seat

ft U (short) u full, put, foot

~ () (long) 00 tool, cool, fool

~ E (long) e mail, tale, say

~ AI (dipthong) ai pang, rack, tag

§" o (long) 0 go, so, tone

l)f AU (dipthong) au gone,saught, rock

Note: 1.There are only three vowel- carrier letters in Punjabi.

By using vowel signs with these three letters ten

vowels are obtained as shown above.

2.Particular vowel signs are denoted to particular vowel·

carrier letters. These are to be strictly adhered to.

Any deviation is incorrect and improper.

:~.AlI the ten vowel- si~ns an~ used with all the other

consonants from H (s) to :r (r).

(13)

Lesson 6 lJTO 6

DECLENSION

>.:IV 'd(,)~ Muhaarnee

»f l)fT ~ ~ €I ~ ~ ~ §' ))f

a aa ee u 00 e ai 0 au

H 'fIT fR Fft E" '8' Ft A- it i!tsa saa si see su 500 se sal SO sau(J (JT fJ <jt ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

ha haa hi hee hu hoo he hai ho hau

or W fer ott ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ c}

ka kaa ki kee ku koo ke kai ko kau

l:f l:fT fu lit ~ ~ l) a 11 IIkha khaa khi khee khu khoo khe khai kho khau

or ijJT far aft QT W at ~ err atga gaa gi gee gu goo ge gai go gau

Ul UfT fW uJt l!f l!f U} Ur tit lItgha ghaa ghi ghee ghu ghoo ghe ghai gho ghau

~ ~ ft) Sl w W ~ ~ ~ ~

anga angaa angi angee angu angoo ange angai ango angau

~ ;:rr fir tft ~ ~ B" ~ ~ ~

cha chaa chi chee chu choo che chai cho chau

5' 5T ~ 6ft ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ifchha chhaa chhi chhee chhu chhoo chhe (Ohhai chho chhau;:r ;:rt f;:r tft tr ~. ~ ~ ;"l ~

ja jaa ji jee ju joo je jai jo jau

(14)

5" 5"T fti 5't ~ ~ s ~ g ~

jha jhaa jhi jhee jhu jhoo jhe jhai jho jhau

1l flT ~ vt ~ ! ~ ~ V ~

anja anjaa anji anjee anju anjoo anje anjai anjo anjau

C CT fc it ? ? ~ 2 2 ~

ta taa ti tee ~u too te tai to tau

'0 or fo o't Q @ % ! -g ~

tha thaa thi thee thu (hoo the thai tho thau

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 3 ~ ~

(la (laa <Ii <lee <lu <100 <Ie (lai <10 (lau

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ -e- ~ ~ ~

(lha (lhaa (lhi (lhee (lhu (lhoo (lhe <lhai (lho <lhau

~ er fe c!'t ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Qa I.laa r:,ti r:,tee QU r:,too r:,te r:,tal r:,to r:,tau

3' 3T 13 ;tt ~ g 3 ~ 3 ~

ta taa ti tee tu too te tai . to tau

l:f 'efT fa l:ft ~ ~ it ~ ~ ~

tha thaa thi thee thu thoo the thai tho thau

~ ~ fe" ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

da daa di dee du doo de dai do dau

tr tfT fu 'dt IT -g iT ~ it ttdha dhaa dhi dhee dhu dhoo dhe dhai dho dhau

(5 or fQ o't 0- 2 % ~ ci) ~

na naa ni nee nu DOO De Dal no nau

U' tfT fu tft y ~i} fr i} if

pa paa pi pee pu poo pc pal po pau

6 6T fu it ~ W ~ ~ ~ ~

pha phaa ehi phee phu _ phoo phe phai pho phau

(15)

~ liT fir lft ~ ~ a ~ 11 l}

ba baa bi bee bu boo be hai bo bau

9 gr f9 it ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ j

bha bhaa bhi bhee bhu bhoo bhe bhai bho bhau

}f }fT fH Ht lj }j H H H Hrna maa mi mee mu moo me mai IUQ mau

tr lifT fur tift ~ ~ ~ ~ tt: ifya yaa yi yee yu yoo ye yai yo yau

(J or fa ~ "9 ~ a- ~ a ~

ra raa ri ree rn roo re rai TO rau

B W fB" ~ ~ ~g ~ g ~

1a laa li lee lu 100 Ie lai 10 lau

E ET k ?t ~ ~ ? ~ ~ ~

va vaa vi vee vu voo ve vai vo vau

;J ;rr f;r ;ft ~ ~ S- ~ it ~

ra raa ri ree ru roo re rai ro rau

****"

(16)

lesson 7 lJTO 7

CONSONANTS FOR BORROWED SOUNDS

Vcrot~ ffi!t~Hornaa Dhunee-aan Lai Vi-anjjan

Punjabi Roman Pronunciation Example

F.r SH shashshaa shoe, she, shine

l:f KH ~ha~~aa ~halsa, ~halifa,

1,<han, ~hidinat

.ar G ~~~aa ~aazi, ~azal, ~ulaam

;;J Z zazzaa zinc, zodiac, zoo

6 F faffaa father, far, fore

Note: Mostly only SH and l aTe distinctively used in Punjabi writing.

****

(17)

Lesson 8 1JTO 8

READING EXERCISE I

~ t!T ~-l Parhar.t daa Abhi-aas-l

(a) Simple Words

kakkaa+ lallaa kaI Tomorrow

-,:T+Bjajaa+ Iallaa jal Water

UHoghaggaa + raaraa ghar Home

tf+Bchachchaa+ lallaa chal Go

-,:T+U.jajjaa+ pappaa jap Recite

H+omammaa+ nannaa man Mind

Of+~

kakkaa+daddaa kad When

u+l:ihaahaa + thatthaa hath Hand

R+9'

sassaa + bhabbaa sabh All

u+ohaahaa + raaraa har Every

Note: When there is a slight sound gap between two leuers, vowel a is

added to the IITeceeding leuer.

(18)

/

/(b) Words of Two Letters

W '0

gh r ghar Home

~ H"

daa daal Pulse

fu 3T

pi taa pitaa Father

Ht itsee tee seetee Whistle

y H"

pu pul Bridge

~ ~

khoo h khooh Well

it '0

she r sher Lion

a titkai dec kaidee Prisoner

B '0

cho r chor Thief

~ 11

fau j fauj Anny

(19)

(c) Words of Three Letters

H ;r ~

s r k sarak Road

~ ~ 3"

d vaa dvaat Inkpot

fa 3' ~

ki taa b kitaab Book

or eft ~

g ree b greeb Poor

(l W (J

u dhaa r udhaar Loan

tf (J 3"

moo r moorat Picture

(J ~ orh ne raa haneraa Darkness

~. or oftwi raa gee vairaagee Ascetic

a 0 ;ft

ko th ree kotharee Room

fu ~ Cl

khi c;lau Qaa khic;lauQaa Toy

(20)

(d) Words of Four Letters

If a 3 7)

b r n bartan Pot

l)f ~ ST aa i.'h baa r ~hbaar Newspaper

l)f fg l)fT II

a bhi aa s abhi-aas Exercise

flf ~ ott l)fT

ldti r kee aan khirkee-aan Windows

W g ~ ;fi

phu \laa fee phulvaaree Orchard

q~ 3 a

k boo t r kabootar Pigeon

H 13" ST 7)

me z baa n mezbaan Most

~ 3 ~ aai vaa r aitvaar Sunday

H i) "J am no h r monohar Pleasant

if G or q

khau f Ilaa k khaufnaak Dreadful

****

(21)

Lesson 9 l..fTO 9

CONJUNCTS

H'l!I0l3 f?>,fi::ro Sanyukat Vi-anjan

Combination of two consonants is called conjunct­consonants. In the combination the first consonant is written

fully but pronounced half, while the latter is written as a symbol

below the first consonant but pronounced fully. In Punjabionly three letters ~, 0, ~ are use as conjuct symbols:

Consonant Symbol Use Example

(J ;f+(J=;r ~ To read

r+h=rh parhl)a

B"+(J=~ facr Fort

l+h=lh kilha

U+O=t{ itH Love

p+r=pr prem

OT+o=CIl. ~ A name

g+r=gr grovar

~+o=~ ~ Sight

d+r=dr drish

H+~=l3' ~ Self-respect

s+v=sv svaiman

~+~=~ $" Duality

d+v=dv dvait

Note: Actually there is no tradition ofconjuncts in Punjabi. That is only in case

of a few borrowed wrrrds. TM f!nji;tice is, howevn, on 1M decrease.

****

(22)

Lesson 10 l.fTO 10

DOUBLE CONSONANTS

~~ Dult Akkhar

~(adhak)

Adhak w is used to produce the sound ofdouble consonant

Word Enlargement Meaning

~ sukkaa EHCl+W su+k+ka DRY

Efu' sukkh B+lf+lf su+k+kh WELL-BEING

W bachchaa a-Hr+~ ba+ch+chaa CHILD

~ dillee fu"+B"+gf di+l+lee DELHI

~ vaHaa ?+c+CT va+t+taa STONE

~ alje »f+tH~ a+j+je TODAY

Now see the difference in rmaning between single and double consonants:

Double consonants Meaning Single consonants Meaning

~ sukkaa Dry Bar sukaa TO-DRY

Efu' sukkh WELL-BEING Ell! sukh COMFORT

W bachchaa CHILD ~ bachaa SAFETY

~ dillee DELHI fu"B'l dilee HEARTY

~ vattaa STONE ?CT vataa CHANGE

~ alje TODAY ~ aje STILL

****

(23)

Lesson 11 lJTO 11

NASAL SIGNS

(')TF{Cf 'ft.iq-f<!Vt, ftit't Naasak Chinnh-Tippee, Bindee

These nasal signs arc used for the sounds produced

through nasal cavity. They come with the vowel signs allotted

to each.

(a) Tippee is used with vowel signs (»f) a, (fu") i, (ft) u, (ft)

00 as:-

~ Mango ~ Bald head ~ Trunk fj Louse

gendpcengh

(SIXTY-FOUR)

maan

amb ~n9 sun9 joon

(b) Bin/dee is used with aa (lJfT), ee (t!t), e (~"), ai (~), 0 (§")

and au (,;f) vowel signs as:-

W MOTHER tffur SWING ~ BALL }f I WWASHING

main dhonda

Chaun~h

Note:- Irrespective o/vowel signs, hindu is always used with consonant ft as:-

(ftJ . BY THE WAY (fur DOZE

unj oongh

(c) Wrong and Right way ofwriting:

Wrong Right

~ ~

~ ~

H03cf H3cf .

(24)

Note: Nasal sign followed by the consonants of group two to six

represents the nasal consonant of its respective group as~

for~, tfffirfor~, #iI for~,~ for mR" and~

for »f}-fil":

(d) Difference in meaning of words without and with

nasal signs:

Without Nasal Sign With Nasal Sign

0Ttl YARD om BALDNESS

gaj ganj

~ THEN :R THREAD

tad tand

'A'3 SEVt:N H3 SAINT

sat sanl

W AFFIX Ei ROPE

laa laan

Ft HUNDRED FI' TO SLEEP

sau saunijR LAP ciR CONSPIRACY

god gond

****

(25)

Lesson 12 l.fTO 12

READING EXERCISE II

~"i:!T ~-II Parhan daa abhi-ass-II

\J ~ h rh harh FLOOD

\j ~ ch rh charh CLIMB

ftJ q chin nh chinnh SIGN

fur l)fT (') gi aa n giaan KNOWLEDGE

fu l)fT (') dhi aa n dhi-aan ATTENTION

it u kro dh krodh ANGER

i or tr an k trank BOX..ci H k mOl kamm WORK

of t" gan daa ganndaa DIRTY

fo 0" ~ 0" ni r vai r niI-vair WITHOUT ANMITY

~ e:JT tft 00 I;t taa ee ool;ttaa-ee FLAW

E or :JT e k taa ekataa UNITY

,)l wo't ))ff a1 laa nee aan ailaanee-aan OPENLY

>;{ or :f au k r aukar DIFFICULTY

Of :f ~ :f g r b r garbar DISTURBANCE

H t" eft m daa rec madaaree JUGGLER

:JTor3'~a laa k t v r taakatvar STRONG

FfOfHaHa san g m r m r sangmarmar MARBLE

~O":JT t? \' r taa 0 vartaao TREATMENT

l)fT\JB er aa h I I;taa aahlal;taa NEST

R' U s pp sapp SNAKE

(26)

~ c ~ ch n Qaa chaHQaa TOLICK

(J tlu ~ h r pp Qaa harappQaa TO SWALLOW

B ~ 0" sun d r sundar BEAUTIFUL

~ ~ ko jh-aa kojhaa UGLY€!W U 0" u pp r uppar ABOVE§- U or 0 p raa opraa STRANGER

>If 0" tr a r z arz REQUEST

»fT 0" W aa r jaa aarajaa AGE

fu J1 :{l s tree istrec WOMAN

t!t)fTo~O" ec maa n daa r ecmandaar HONEST

****

----------~~

VOCABULARY ~Hae''i!81 Shabdaavalee~

-- -~

(28)

Lesson 13 UT013

PARTS OF THE BODY

mfta -e-~ Sareer De Ang

fRo sir head ~ ~nu~~ belly

HW maththaa forehead fU'o pithth back

>,:fl:f akkh eye Ucr pair foot

~ bharvattaa eyebrow ~ lau leg

W delaa eyeball l)fOOf arak elbow

~ nakk nose ~ go~aa knee

(jn kann ear gjc gun wrist

-ae dhaUl~ neck fa'I'cr gittaa ankle

(J5 gal throat lj<J moonh mouth

~ gallh cheek ftrJa"r cheharaa face

<tcft haddee bone 11c pan thigh

~ lahoo blood ~ flan~ tooth

H~ mo~haa shoulder "iftg jeebh tongue

a+J banh arm ~ bullh lip

<fu hathth hand ~ daarhee beard

~ ungal finger }j5f muchchaan

moustaches

~ angoothaa thumb &it tho~ee chin

~ naunh nail ~ dimaag brain

5'=ft chhaatee chest ~ kamror spine

(29)

~ dil heart ~ hathelie palm

?1C? vaal hair ~ choolaa hip

ch kachh armpit

****

Lesson 14 l..fT014

DAYS

?TO Vaar

}1dI8<i1 l d

ARtiild<i1Id

aitvaar

somvaar

mangalvaar

budhdhvaar

veervaar

shukkarvaar

sanichcharvaar

****

SUNDAY

MONDAY

TUESDAY

WEDNESDAY

THURSDAY

FRIDAY

SATURDAY

(30)

Lesson 15 uro 15

MONTHS

~ Maheene

~ chet March-April

~ vaisaakh April-May

fu> jeth May-June

<JI;f haar June-July

'it!" saul.J July-August

~ bhaadron August-September

~ assoo September-October

ol'3' katten }~October-November

kattak

wmr magghar November-December

~ poh December-January

}fTU( maagh January-February

~ phaggaQ February-March

****

(31 )

Lesson 16 l!1O 16

TIME

~Kaal

Second »t,:r

Afternoon

Minute erg

Morning

Noon

Todayajj

kal

Yesterday-Tomorrow

~ bhalke Tomorrow

»t,:r erg ali kal Now-A-Days

~ W amrit velaa

Small hours of the night

~ sangraand New Month

HfHl)fT massi-aa New Moon

~ pooran maashee

Full moon

Hour

Day

Night

saver

Hfck sakint

fi.k mint

u1cr ghan~aa

fu?5- din

CJT3" raat

FRo~ dupaihar

~ W lau9haa velaa

"fdt CJT3" addhee raat Midnight

tit d ~ 1;':$ i pandarvaaraa

shaam

saataa

haftaa }

Evening

Week

W velaa }~ vakatTime

~ vartmaan Present

~ bhoot Past

9MB bhavikkhat Future

Fortnight

H<:ftor maheenaa Month flTB saal Year

?W varaah Year FR't sadee Century

¥ IIUI) Now ~ roz beery day. Daily

~ savakkhte Early ~ kuvele Late

(32)

Lesson 17 1.JTO 17

DIRECTIONS

feF.l'igi Dishaavaan

(l3d uttar North

~ dakkhal.l South

~ poorab East

~ pachchham West

ffi:Jr saijaa Right

l1aT khabbaa Left

~ uppar }~ utteUp, above

W hethaan }@ thalle

Below, under

>tlcIT agge Front

fW pichchhe Behind

m chufere All around

yor pura Easterly

~ pachchhon Westerly

****

(33)

Lesson 18 lJT018

EDIBLES

~~ Khaaf} Peef}

WI duddh Milk ~ chaah Tea

ail rotee Loaf, bread lJTc!t paJ;lee Water

~ daal Pulse ~ chaul Rice

~ looJ;l Salt 3B" tel Oil

lfir khann~ Sugar ~ daheen Curd

itJ:ft lassee Whey ~ makkhaJ.l Butter

fUm" ghio Ghee )){o ann Corn

~ daJ;laa Grain ~ kaJ;lak Wheat

tl' jaun Barley H'ott makkee }

HOltft Maizel)fTZT aataa Flour maka-ee

}fTH maas Meat ~ aan~aa Egg

H'&ft machchhee Fish F.IOa3' sharbat Sweet Drink

F.rfJe" shaihad . Honey. HTf\ffi maakhio Honey

oy rauh Juice iffi ras Juice

l/tcr kheer Rice, Milk and Sugar Boiled Together

Cf3TU karaah Pudding of Flour, Sugar and Ghee

****

(34)

Lesson 19 UT019

FRUITS

6H Phal

~ amb Mango l)fc'§T(J anaar Pomegranate

R3cP sanlraa Orange ~ angoor Grapes

l)jiftcr anjeer Fig mr seb Apple

~ khurmaanee Apricot 0Tl:f naakh Pear

~ amrood Guava ~ aaroo Peach

~ narel Coconut ~anaanaas Pineapple

~ leechee Litchi ~ lugaath Laukat

~ rasbharee Berry ~ kelaa Banana

}W mevaa Dry fruit ~ nimboo Lemon

~ kharbooja Musk-Melon~ "tarbooz Water-Melon

~ akhroat Nut l:RT}f badaam Almond

~ khajooraan Dates CfTtJ kaajoo Cashew Nut=~ aloochaa

} Plum~!N'QT aaloo bukhaaraa

****

(35)

Lesson 20 \1'020

VEGETABLES

R8;;/twi StJIJUl-OOfl

~ aaloo Potato

HCG matar Pea

~ moolee Kadish

F.IBCfr}{ shalgam }~ gonglooThrnip

~ kaddoo Gourd

~ arbee Bier

itH thom Garlic:

~ adrak Ginger

Str ats't band gobhee Cabbage

~ ats't phull gobhee Cauliflower

CH'CG (maatar Tomato

GfTtJO gaajar Carrot

~ bataa-oon Brinjal

~ ganethaa Onion

~ dhanee--aan Coriander

~ salaad Salad

****

(36)

Lesson 21 UT021

ANIMALS

U1J Pashoo

art gaan Cow fuoo haran Deer

}IV maiih } ~ richchh Bear

HrJ maihnBuffalo

W;p ghoraa Horse ~ vachchhaa Calf

ij:JT khotaa Donkey ~ baloongaa Kitten

~ bhe<l Sheep ~ baulad Ox

~ bakkaree Goat dl i ilM3 gaahlar Squirrel

~ ooth } m khachchar Mule

llar botaaCamel <JTlft haathee Elephant

~,

Pig F.ffu sheenh }soor

"4 F.«J sherLion

, cattoo Ponney

~ giddar Jackal ~ katoora Pup

~ baghi-aar Wolf ~ loombaTee Fox

~ kuttaa Dog ftJB'l billee Cat

~ choohaa Rat ~ baandar Monkey

****

(37)

lesson 22 U'022

BIRDS

Uitt Panmhhee

~ kukkar Cock

qt ban Crow

~ kabootar Pigeon

W totaa Parrot

~ ghugghee Dove

fu;ft chiree Sparrow

~ ill Kite

~ ulloo Owl

~ gilajh Vulture

~ chamgiddar }~ chaamcharikBat

~ koil Nightingale

U3OI' batak Duck

lIOI'BT baglaa Heron

~ lam~heeng Stork

~ choochaa Chiken

Uc bot Fledgeling

&.ucft tateeliaree }~ tati-aureeLapwing

<i11 hans Swan

****

(38)

lesson 23 lJT023

INSECTS

etta- Keerecft;ft keeree Ant

~ beendaa Cricket

~ si-onk White Ant

j;J bhoon<l Wasp

}(so machchhar Mosquito

1M makkhee Fly

~ sapp Snake

~~ kohar kirlee Lizard

~ gan(io.aa Earth Worm

\Jlr~ W;ft rabb dee ghoree Beetle

~ joon Louse

~ pissoo Flea

~ chichchar TIck

gut thoohaan Scorpion

"b;~ bnn khajooraa Centipede

~ jok Leech

HTM11M makhio makkhee Bee

l1 idlcf mangaJ;loo Bug

~ makkaree Spider

eefJC!:t tataihar;laa Fire Fly

****

(39)

Lesson 24 lJT024

COLOURS~oar Rang

U<JT haraa Green

l1t5T peelaa }1kr khanaaYellow

'81B" laal Red

~ gulaabee Pink

ftfcr chinaa White

CfTBT kaalaa Black

o1w neelaa Blue

~ saletee Grey

~ badaamee Brown

~ vaingal,lee Violet

~ kesaree Saffron

~ asmaanee Azure

w:P goorhaa Dark

EJOfuctt sunehree Golden

Jf3ar santraa Orange

UHCfT l1t5T .halka peela· . Pale

~ jaamnoon Purple

****

(40)

lesson 25 1JT025

NUMBERS

ftn~3'1 Gi~tee

~ ikk One

~ do Two

137> tinn Three

~ chaar Four

Ut:r pannj Five

~ chhe Six

ff3' salt Seven

»fo anh Eight

it naun Nine

~ das Ten

1iJTat yaaraan Eleven

urcyt baaraan Twelve

30t teraan Thirteen

W chaudaan Fourteen

lRot pandaraan Fifteen

Jl8t solaan Sixteen

ffilTdi sataaraan Seventeen

))f'O"IOi a,haaraan Eighteen

~ unneen Ninteen

~ veeh Twenty

~ ikkee Twenty One

~ baa-ee Twenty Two

(41)

~ te-ee 1\venty Three

#t chauvee 1\venty Four

M. panjhee 1\venty Five

&Nt chhabbee 1\venty Six

~ sataa-ee 1\venty Seven

~ atha·ee 1\venty Eight

~ unattee 1\venty Nine

3m teeh Thirty

~ ikattee Thirty One

Q<t3 i gj ul}taalee Thirty Nine

~ chaalee Forty

f\:!ol3 1gj ikataalee Forty One

~ ul}annja Forty Nine

litJrJ panjaah Fifty

f\:!C14"ji ikvannjaa Fifty One

Q<tiiJo ul}aahath Fifty Nine

lfo satth Sixty

f\:!ilC1iJo ikaahath Sixty One

~ u{lattar Sixty Nine

ffirn silttar Seventy

~ ikattar Seventy One

~ unaasee Seventy Nine

,,:():ft assee Eighty

~ ikaasee Eighty One

Q<ti6~' ul}aanaven Eighty Nine

~ nabbe Ninety

6f;¥6~' narinaven Ninety Nine

Ft sau Hundred

(42)

~1l dosau 'lWo Hundred

UiJTO hazaar Thousand

~UiJTO dashazaar Ten Thousand

~ lakkh Lac, Hundred Thousand

eta karor Ten Million

l)fijl:f arab Thousand Million

l:mf kharab Hundred Thousand Million

****

(43)

lesson 26 1JT026

ORDINALS

~ fffl::p,.rr Karmik Sankhi-aa

ufuw paihla First

~ doojaa Second

~ teejaa Third

~ chauthaa Fourth

~ panjavaan Fifth

fit chhevaan Sixth

~ Satavaan Seventh

~ athavaan Eighth

~ miuvaan Nineth

~ dasavaan Tenth

~ yaarvaan Eleventh

l\:!CllFua i ikaiharaa Single

~ dooharaa Double

3tUCJT teeharaa Treble

~ chauharaa Quadruple

~ dugal,1aa Tho Fold

f3arc!r tigal,1aa ThreeFlod

~ chauga.,aa Four Fold

~ETd' ikk vaar Once

~~ do vaar Thice

~ dubaaraa Again

****

(44)

lesson 27 lJT027

RELATIONSHIPS

fcrF.r3 Rishate

W maan Mother

fu? pio Father

1}:J putt }~Son

puttar

tft dhee Daughter

k bhai&:l Sister

gijT Bharaa Brother

~ vauhtee }~ gharvaaleeWife

l:fffi{ khasam }~ gharvaalaaHusband

w;p laaraa }o't'arcr neengarbridegroom

w:ft laaree bride

"~ mangetar Fiance, Fiancee

tJTtJT chaachaa

~ taa-i-aa

HTHT maamaa Uncle

ifT'R"3 maasaT

~ phupphar

{45)

~ Chaachee

3"'Eft taa-ee

Hllft maamee Aunt

HTRt maasee

~ bhooaa

lfR sass Mother-in-Law

~ sauhana Father-in-Law

WW saalaa

3(!~l)fT bhal;lva-ee-aa Brother-in-Law

Ri~ u.n~h_ }

(')(')I(!ii!e'il)fT nanaaJ;lva-ee-aa

~ bharjaee

Jwa' saalee Sister-in-Law

RISiJ1d salehaar

('5'OT(!" nanaaJ;l

~ daadaa Grand Father

~ daadee Grand Mother

il3<JT potraa GrandSon

~ potaree Grand Daughter

****

(46)

Lesson 28 lJTO 28

PEOPLE

..~ KJaalal

~ mu~aa Boy

~ kuree Girl

W bachchaa Child

~ gabharoo }ht na(l(lhaa Youngman

~ naujawaan

~ muti-aar Damsel

~ 10k People

$ bheer }~ mulkha·ee·aaCrowd

~ kavaaraa Bachelor

CRTa1 kavaaree Maiden, Virgin

~ beebee Lady

~ sardaar Noble Man

~ aadamee }HeR' marad Man,

W banndaa

~ janaanee }»'tcJ3 aurat Woman

~ teeveen

~ kurmaa-ee Engagement

}

gitftijidl

vi·aah

vi·ubi-aa

vi-aahee

janj

"abbar

parvaar

saak

baraad~ree

bhaa-eechaaraa

kaum

****

}

(47)

Marriage

Married

Marriage Party

Family

Kinsman, Relative-- Community;-

Nation

(48)

lesson 29 UT029

PLACFS

fRi Thaavaan

UIO ghar Home

0T8't galee } Lane, Street

~ koochaa

ft1s pin~ Village

ClmJT kasbaa Town

F.I'fua shaihar City

QR'3T rastaa Way

~ baazaar Market

fucr' kilhaa Fort

ar;tt garhee Fortress

~ zilhaa District

~ soobaa } Province

\f3 praant

~ des Country

~ deep Island

~ mahaandeep Continent

d 1tlQ 16I raajdhaanee Capital

~ mandar Temple

H"RftR masjid } MosqueH1=ft3 maseet

~ gurdu-aa-raa Sikh Place of Worship

(49)

ftrra";:rr girjaa Church

}fOlT() makaan House

~ dukaan Shop

H'o matth Monastery

on:iO kabar Grave

OladA3 i (i kabarstaan Graveyard

~ sive }'F.l1-f'F.lT()" shamshaan Cemetry

~ marhee-aan

~ sakool School

~~ khe9 maidaan Play Ground

CfHOT kamaraa Room

~ mahall Palace

~ kachaiharee } Court~ darbaar

~ daftar Office

m:r~ bas a99aa Bus Stand, Bus Stop

~~ havaa-ee a99aa Airport

aeddl'<J bandargaah Port, Harbour

mrcr sarak }ijffiTRoad

golaa

****

(50)

Lesson 30 lJT030

NATURE

gt!d3 Kudarat

waf dhartee Earth

~ sooraj Sun

Bo chann Moon

~ taare Stars

~ si-aare }orfuPlanets

garaih

»fffifT"O asmaan Sky.

ft8lt khittee Constellation

~ braihman~ Universe

~ dunee-aan World

~~3TOT bodee vaalaa taaraa Comet

~ samundar Sea

}j()iH1dld mahaan saagar Ocean

~ pahaaree Hill

~ pahaar Mountain

~ dari·aa River

Sffi jheel Lake

SO?)T jharnaa Waterfall

trnlfT chashmaa Spring

~ maidaan Plain

~ pathohaar Plateau

nfuo naihar Canal

(51)

l::fTE khaal Channel

.~ jangal Forest

~ rnaroothal Desert

~ jawaalaa mukhee Volcano

»(or agg Fire

~ baddal Cloud

Hfu rneenh Rain

~ tufaan Storm

~ haneree }~Dust Storm

jhakkhar

"iii l"iiId8 I vaavarolaa Cyclone

futffi't bijalee Lightning

<:JRIt:r garaj Thunder

~ harh Flood

~ aUf Drought

orrH kaal Famine

****

(52)

Lesson 31 U'031

HOUSE

}-(CiT() Makaan

Uld Ghar

o'l'"J neenh Foundation

cn«JT kamaraa Room

G'd'E' farash Floor

cfq kandh Wall

~ chhatt Ceiling, Roof

lhft pauree Stair

~ jhu~~ee }5ldt chhaprce Hut

~ lapparee

}f(Jg mahall Palace

€diil!'ti' daTvaajaa Door

l:fT(ft baaree } Wind'owftaoft khirakce

omtt raso-ee Kitchen

.~ gusalkhaanaa Bathroom

~ bailhak D~awing Room

****

(53)

Lesson 32 ura32

DOMESTIC ARTICLES

~ Jtt:rt Ghareloo Cheejaan

wa't thaalee Plate

cffi't kaulee }~Bowl

kaforee

~ chamchaa Spoon

~ chaakoo Knife

~ chaklaa Flatening Disc

?8er velal)aa Roller

~ tavaa Baking Disc, Girdle

~ chullaah } Hearth~ angeethee

J~d tandool' Oven

\fa'to changer Basket

~ jhaaroo Broom

W8e baalal) Firewood

fID.rcr chimfaa Tongs

tJTlft pathee Dungcake

kr 9abbaa Box

~ sandook Chest

f';:RoT jindraa } Lock31W taalaa

~ kunnjee } Key~ chaabee

(54)

rfurr sheeshaa Mirror

Hf:f mez Table

~ kursee Chair

lfur p'akkhaa Fan

~ hathauree Hammer

~ kuhaaree Axe

~ daatar Scythe

-J;ft tauree .Earthen Cooking Pot

~ pateelaa Pan

l:TcJ3'7) bartan Pot

~ karchhee Ladle

****

(55)

lesson 33 lJ1033

METALS

rrra+ Dhaataan

HOT sonaa Gold

~ chaandee Silver

ffiJT lohaa Iron

~ taambaa Copper

ft13"8" pittal Brass

fl:fw sikkaa Lead

0ffj))fT kaihaan Bronze

~ kansee Bell Metal

~ faulaad Steel

~ kali Tin

1mB jisat Zink

****

(56)

Lesson 34 tfT034

ATIlRES

f8a lR Libaas

-U roon Cotton uor;ft pagree }~ Wool~ dastaarTurban

unn

am, resham Silk ~ chunnee }~Scarf

Ql1.ST kapraa Cloth dupaHaa

enS kapre Clothes ~ ghunn~ }cnfu;r kameez } ~ burkaaVeil

Shirt~ kurtaa ~ kamarkassaa Girdle

s&; banain Vest W cholaa Cloak

u;::rt)fT pajaamaa Trousers ~ topee Cap

~ kachchhaa Underwear w;ft saaree Sari

~ fatoohee Waist Cloth~ barsaatee Rain Coat

l10r pagg Turban ~ jaraabaan Socks

~ angee Bra, Brassiere

****

Lesson 35 UTe 35

FEELINGS

ij'iij(')'iij; Bhaavnaavaan

~ Vedanaa

(57)

~

ftp,.rro

i{H~

~

m:r£fH~

Bl:f~fJ1.G~ilfu84

~ilfu8

~~

~

¥~

or1.:fOf3THu~

laad Affection

pi-aar }prem Love

hej

yair Enmity

josh Excitement

khush Happy, Delighted

udaas Sad, Dejected

sukh Comfort

dukkh Grief

himmat Courage

buzdilee Cowardice

buzdil }~arooCoward

hamdardce Sympathy

bedardec Cruelty

karodh Anger

lobh Greediness

kaamuktaa Sexsuality

moh Infatuation

hunkaar Vanity

****

(58)

Lesson 36 l.JTO 36

OCCUPATIONS

ftl3" Kitte

fcmro kissan Farmer

M kammeen Labourer

'301::fTC!" tarkhaaJ:} Carpenter

~ luhaar Blacksmith

~. suni-aaraa Goldsmith

~ julaahaa Weaver

mft dhobee Washerman·

~ jhi-oor Waterman

mtt mochee Cobbler

~ naa-ee Barber

ioft bhangee Scavenger

tJ C,~p <t!1)ff hatvaal)eeaan Shopkeeper

tJ8~ Ie!! halvaa-ee Confectioner

~ jhatka-ee Butcher

W<J shah )

~ shahookaar J Money Lender

tlo chor Thief

~ daakoo Dacoit

~ luteraa Robber

~ dalaal Brocker

~ vakeel Pleader, Lawyer

(59)

~ aagoo Leader

QR3 ie ustaad }~ adhi-aapakTeacher

~ darjee Tailor

~~ chhaabree vaalaa Hawker

~ zimeendaar Landlord

}fT"gOI' maalak Lord, Master

~ naukar Servant

****

(60)

;:n.fto

i8mitGFIP.i

~

N¢~

~

~

~

fi:rner~

~

~ffif}-f'T}-ffiT

~

~

fuld':!,€id9W8"~

Lesson 37 l..fTO 37

AGRICULTURE

i3d1a l :f/ Kheteebaaree

zameen

khet

minee

rasal

bee

reh }rooree

hal

panjaalee

vahuIJaa

beejaIJaa

sinjaIJaa

va~haIJaa

gaahuIJaa

upjaa-oo

sem

maamlaa

aabiaanaa

patvaaree

girdaavar

girdaa-oree

maal afsar

Land

Held

Soil

Crop

Seed

Manure

Plough

Yoke

To Plough

To Sow

To Irrigate

To Reap

To Thresh

Fertile

Water Logging

Land Revenue

Water Rate

Revenue Clerk

Revenue Inspector

Revenue Entry

Revenue Officer

(61 )----------------------

Lesson 38 trO 38

INDUSTRY

Sanat

Sack

Loss

Work

Labour

Pay, Salary

Debt, Loan

Gain, Profit

Strike

Lock Out

Gathering

Demonstration

kaarkhaanaa Mill, Factory, Workshop

kaarkhaan~daar Mill Owner

Employer

Labourer

maalak

mazdoor

kamm

mazdoorcc

tankhaah

kauaa

nafaa

nuksaan }ghaaHaa

haanee

hartaal

taalaa bandee

jalsaa

muzaaharaa

chhaan~ee

~

or~

}-fTffii[

~

ern~37)CfT<J

oro;rr

(5'GT

QCffiTO

UfTCT

<JTO't~

3181~'29

****

(62)

lesson 39 l.P039

EDUCATION

~ Vidiaa

tnfT3 jamaat Class

~ sakool School

(lA3 1e ustaad }~Teacher

adhi-aapak

~ kitaab } Book~ pustak

~ kaapee Exercise Book

ornlf kalam Pen

~ davaat Inkpot

HBc salet Slate

HB"it saletee Slate Pencil

UoJ:m painsal Pencil

l.PO paath Lesson

~ vidi-aarthee Student

ft:fucr sikhkh.,aa To learn

~ Iikh.,aa To Write

~ parh.,aa To Read

~ samjha.,aa To und~rstand

J=R'TB" svaal Question, Sum

~ javaab Answer

~ imtihaan }tllfuwI':xamination

preekhi-aa

tajarbaa Practical, Experiment

khe~ maidaan Play Ground

khedaan Games

1,,!R3Ci/ 18 1

Hlf~

u1tt~~

~

acer

tareekaa

mallaan

pustakaalaa

mukh adhi-aapak

ghan~ee

addh-ee chhuHec

gi-aan

ra~al.laa

****

(63)

Method

Sports

Library

Head Master

Period

Recess

Knowledge

To Cram

(64)

~

d"flTW-~

f'oIaiatl l

l:ffiO

"81f~

~

~

~

~

\Rr'UT'OC{

~

Lesson 40 l.JTO 40

PRINT MEDIA

~ R'}f'(JT(/f Chhapa1J, Samagree

akhbaar Newspaper

rasaalaa Magazine

kitaabchaa Booklet, Pamphlet

khabar News

lekh Article, Essay

kavitaa Poem

kahaal)ee Story

sampaadak Editor

chhapak Printer

parkaashak Publisher

chandaa Subscription

paathak Reader

rozaanaa Daily

haftaavaree Weekly

maasak }maahvaareeMonthly

saalaanaa Annual

ank Number, Issue

parchaa Paper

pannaa Page

Iikhaaree Writer, Author

keemat } Pricemull

Lesson 41 tfTO 41

DISEASES

3ar,~ Rog, Beemaaree-aan

(65)

a-atttfhfrotfhfro~

3TU

lfuftJOfTHUtrF.r~

~

~

~

1ffinlS"lfur}-f13T

mm~

~mrorro~

tfoft~t'fc

rogee } Patientbeemaar

beemaar III

bukhaar } Feverlaap

khangh Cough

zukaam Cold

pechash } Dysentrymaror

dast Diarrohoea

haizaa Cholera

ultee Vomit

sirpeer Headache

peer Pain

maataa }chechakSmall pox

tapdik Tuberculosis

korh Leprosy

yarkaan } Jaundicepeelee-aa

jangee bukhaar Influenza

salt Injury, Stroke

(66)

~ fat! } Wound"i.l1::fH zakham

~ paagal Mad

~ annhaa Blind

aw bolaa Deaf

I§dl i goongaa . Dumb

~ langaan Lame

~ ilaaj Treatment

8 i rt!8 i t'! la-i1aaj Incurable

~ dvaa Medicine

~ dvaakhaanaa Dispensary

~ teekaa Inje~tion

~ lodaa Vaccination

~ apaahaj Handicapped

****

lesson 42 tfTO 42

SOME USEFUL WORDS

~ ciJ..r ~ F.fflt:! Kujh Kamm De Shabad

(67)

~ haan Yes

o+J naanh }~ naheen No, Not

(')T naa

";:ft jee } Sirlft}fT()tft sree maan jee

";:ft~~ jee aa·i·aan noon Welcome

~ fheek Correct, AJ) right

~ achchhaa }t'l'i;T hachchhaaGood, Well

f@,~ sabh, kul All

~ thore Fewit;p thora Little

~ kujh Some

fu<JT jihaa }~ ajihaa Like. As

~ vargaa

~ aje Yet, Still

<:ft hee }fHoG siraf Only

~ keval

;R hu., Now

(68)

:R" tad }:rtThen

tan

~ pher Again

~ ethe here

~ othe There

W ena This much

§'or ona That much

ta898 bilkuI Quite, Wholly

~ eho Same, This One

W oho- Same, That One

~ o-e Hello

§" 0 }E e Hey

~ he

? ve }o'fHello

neen

****

GRAMMAR

~ Vi-aakaratt

(70)

lesson 43 UTO 43

GENDER

fffiJr Ling

puling

istaree ling

Masculine Gender

Faminine Gender

FORMATION OF GENDERS

(a) Byadding'ee'

Masculine

sajjan

~

kukkar

Faminine

sajanee

~

kukkaree

(d) By replacing 'ee' by '1],' or n

Masculine Faminine

weft ~

saathee saathaJ;lfWr(ft f\mTookhidaaree khidaaran

(b) By adding 1],ee or nee

~ Adi!idcS'l

(e) By replacing 'ee' by '-e-a1],'

~ e1AIfl:~

sardaar

~ooth

sardaarnee eesaa-ee

naa-ee

eesaa-e-aJ;l

~

naa-e-aJ;l

(c) By adding 'aa1],ee' (j) By replacing 'aa' by '1],' or n

Ro ~ RUor HUonseth sethaaJ;lee saperaa saperan

~ ~C(dietl ~ ~

naukar naukaraaJ;lee pahaaree-aa phaaraJ;l

(g) By replacing 'aa' by 'ee'

~ l)fT(ft

(71 )

(h) By adding 'ree'

n ~~ H~o(~1

aaraa

chaachaa

Ii aarcc

chaachee

sandook

~

baal

sandookaree

ara;ft

baalaree

(i) By using a different word

~

aadamee

Aiog

saan9hoo

ft8rpitaa

(j) Nouns always used as masculine

3'iJT, lJ011, ~, t-ffuTaaraa, Suraj, Himaalee-aa,

~, ;:roHo't, ~, ~Satluj, Jarmanee, Amritsar, Daheen.

au rat

saalee

maataa

Meenh

(k) Nouns always used as faminine

tlO3't fc«r<rl ~ oRrrr ~Dhartee Kiran Raavee Gangaa Baraf

Dillee Mumbaee Dunee-aan Garmeen

****

(72)

Lesson 44 UTO 44

NUMBER

Vachan

ikk vachan

bauh vachan

FORMATION OF NUMBER

Singular

Plural

(a) By changing 'aa' into 'e'

Singular Plural Singular Plural

»fTW ~ tf3T @

aalaa aale pattaa patte

tf~ ~ m 5"B-munQaa munQe jholaa jhole

(b) By adding 'aan,

~ ~ til'T"3]" ~ooth oothaan yaatroo yaatroo-aan

~ ~ of'q cfutfauj faujaan kandh kandhaan

(c) By adding 'aan' after 'ee'

sr;ft ~ ~ FeA3a91)ff

jhaarcc jhaaree-aan istarcc istarec-aan

~ ~ weft wcft»fThaathee haathee-aan saathee saathee-aan

(73)

(d) By adding 'vaan'

art ~ 90T ~

gaan gaavaan bharaa bharaavaan

)fT ~ ~ 02fol'){'T?tmaan maavaan dari-a~ dari-aavaan

(e) Some noum in singulf1!' ;iJmetimcs convey the sense ofplural

~~ ~Jflft ~qo ~qo

ikk haathee do haathee ikk ooth das ooth

~~ wa~ ~~ fJo~

ikk thaal chaar thaal ikk dari-aa tin dari-aa

****

(74)

Lesson 45 trO 45

CASE

orracX Kaarak

Use ofprepositions in different cases

?'cr ?'cr 0[TfJCff f?tf mio6(; tft~

Name of Case Preposition

1. Nominative case %G«f3T~ ne

kartaa kaarak

2. Objective Case ~~~ noon

karam kaarak

3. Instrumental Case ff, (')'T8"

'Cil"07)~ ton, naal

karan kaarak

4. Dative Case ~,m,~

~~ noon, la-ee, vaaste

sampardaan kaarak

5. Ablative Case ff,~,~

~~ ton, utton, vichon

apaadaan kaarak

6. Possessive Case ~, -e-, -e'l,~~~ daa, de, dee, dee-aan

sabandh kaarak or, left, cftllfTraa, re,ree, ree-aan

Meaning

To

With, By

To, For

From

Of, 's

7. Locative Case ~,~I~,>JRo

~~ te, utte, vich, andar

adhikaran kaarak

8. Vocative Case ~,W,~,~

mron~ ve, o·e, ari-aa, aree-e

sambodhan kaarak ~,~,o'f,~

kure. ajee, neen, he

****

(75)

In, On

Oh. Hello,

Hai, Hey

(76)

Lesson 46 UTO 46

CASE·II

(a) NOUNS WITH CASE-ENDING

~ t!t C7TCfH R'Q6' Naanv dee kaaraj saadhanaa

MASCUUN NOUNS

SINGULAR

bandaa

@-§

Man

To the man

bande

~-§

PLURAL

Men

To the men

bande noon

bande naal

bande la-ee

bande ton

@~

bande da

bande vich

o-e bandi-aa

bandi-aan noon

By/with the man~ ()T5" By/with the men

bandi-aan naal

For the man ~ffi:ft For the men

bandi-aan la-ee

From the man ~3' From the men

bandi-aan ton

of the man/man's ~~ of the men/men's

bandi-aan daa

In the man ~~ In the men

bandi-aan vich

Oman ~~ Omen

o-e bandi-o

1(77)

FEMININE NOUNS

~ Lady ~ Ladies

su-aaI;lee su-aaI;lee-aan

~~ To the lady ~~ To the ladies

su-aaI;lee noon su-aaI;lee-aan noon

~()TB" With the lady ~()TB" With the ladies

su-aaI;lee naal su-aaQec-aan naal

~m!t For the lady ~m!t For the ladies

su-aaI;lee la-ee su-aaI;lee-aan la-ee

~3' From the lady ~3' From the ladies

su-aaI;lee ton su-aaI;lee-aan ton

~ "e'T of the lady/lady's ~"e'Tofthe ladies/ladies'

su-aalJee daa

In the lady

su-aalJee vich

su-aaI;lee-aan daa

~~ In the ladies

su-aalJee-aan vich

o lady o ladies

neen su-aalJce-en nee su-aalJee-on

****

(78)

Lesson 47 UTO 47

CASE-II

(b) Transformation ofwords ending with "aa"in the Nominative

WORD USAGE CASE

(i) ~ ~~F.rfuo~1 Nominative

Ludhianaa Ludhiana is a beautiful city. without any

case-ending.

(ii) ~ ~*ftro't fm/t I Nominative with

chaachaa Uncle wrote a letter. a case ending

(past tense).

(iii)~ ~~furl)fT1 Objective case.

ambaalaa Mohan went to Ambala.

(iv) Her ~*~~~~~I

sotaa The teacher beat the child with a rod.

. Instrumental case.

(v) ar,:{T fl:rurtit *~ ffift~~~ Irajaa The soldier sacrificed his life for the king.

Dative case.

(vi)~ <:Rft~~~1 Ablative case.

pati-aalaa Had has come from Patiala.

(vii) ororrkaakaa

(viii)~

(79)

Possessive case.

This is Kaka's book.

0l'01;f~~~~ I Locative case.

chubaaraa Karamoo lives in the upper storey.

(ix) ~

mundaa o boy! come here!

Vocative case.

(c) Wrong and Right way of usage

WRONG

(~/~~ F.r8't)

RIGHT

(~~F.r8't)

ffireT~~ I ffireT~~ I

~~~I ~~~I

0TtfT % f'c8r I ~ % f'c8r I

~~"e'~~1 ~~~~~I

fUdI8'il'i:'3i~~Ft~illll fUdl8'il'ifl ~~Ft~illli

HOT m raR:'3l:l i Jl em- ~ I HOT ftm- fdl~:'3al<:l em- ~ I

~fffifw3'~~1 ~ft:n.53'~ ~I

~~~~I ~~~~I

~ crnHtor~ fdp,fr ~ I CXTW m;n.@~ fdp,fr ~ I

ll:~ fHtu'~ l)fT N <J?) I ll: <mJOO fi::iut~ l)fT N <J?) I

~~t1OT3'"J?t~? ~~Wi3'(W~"J?t~?

&u' 'Nhftor t't ~ I &u' ztfhft=a t't ~ I

t/lf H3"at ttl uoR' Horr~ I t/lf H3"at t:ft uoR' Hen~ I

****

(80)

Lesson 48 UTO 48

CASE-Its Application

qr;JO[ t't~ Karrak dee varton

Mohan Reads Nominative case

mohan parhdaa hai without case ending.

0f03T~ (fur-'R"'tfi')T 3"' ftrcri"r)

B'ii %ftRtt u;tt I Sukhkha read the letter. Nominative case

sukhkhe ne chitthee parhee with case ending.

0f03T~ ('&11 RTQ(')T Flf<:B)

tJ'07)T}f %l..fTC!t l.ft3r I Harman drank water.

harnaam ne paar;tee peetaa

Objective case

~ @ "§ M ~~~ I He beats the boy with the stick.

uh bachche noon sotee naal kutdaa hai Instrumentotl case

bhagat singh ne desh

vaaste jaan vaari

Bhagat Singh sacrificed

his life for the country.

Dative case

~~~ Surinder came from Jalandhar.

surindar jalandharon aa-i-aa Aillative case

~~

fuu f'li€ ~ "21it ~ I This is Chhinda's cap.

eh chhinde dee topee hai

,-Go into the temp!£.

mandar vich jaa-o

(81 )

Possessive case

mfu~

Locative case

l)\fuOld(!~

o baby! what are you doing?Vocative case

nee kuree-e! toon kee pa-ee kardee en?

Note: l. Case ending in objective case is used in the case of an

animate object as~~~~~ I It is not used in the

ease of an inanimate one.

2. The possessive case ending depends on the noun possessed

e.g. haree daa mun9aa, haree de munge, haree dee kuree

etc.

****

(82)

Lesson 49 lJfO 49

PRONOUN$~I

l.I:16 iii!' Parnaanv

(A) PRONOUNS WITH CASE ENDING

ll:fi5T?i tit CfTCTH RT{JOT parnaavaan dee kaaraj saadhanaa

FIRST PERSON ~ yol:f Uttam purakh

ma'inoon me

main

SINGUlAR PLURAL

l)fJff

aseen We

HI??,~

saanoon,asaanoon us

~OTB

}saadenaal by/with us

~OTB

asaade naal

~~ }saade la-ee to/for us

::e~ewa'saathon from us

to/for me

from me

by/with me

mera la-ee

maithon.~

mere naal

(83)

Her, Heft (singular) } 'R'rcfI, l1rctt (singular)

}meraa, meree my, saadaa, saadee Our,

Ha,~ (plural) mine ~,~ (plural) ours

mere,meree-aan saade, saadee-aan

Ha fW ~~

mere vichch in ine saadl' vichch in us

SECOND PERSON H'm1 ~'01f maddham purtakh

toon

tainoon

tere naal

tere la·ee

thou

thee

by/with thee

to/for thee

tuseen

~'ll~

tuhaanoon

tuhaa~enaal

~Beft

tuha~e la-ee

~

you

you

by/with you

to/for you

taithon

w,3(ft(singular)

teraa, teree

3'a",~(plural)

tere, teree-an

from thec tuhaathon from you

~,~(singular)

thy, tuhaa~aa, tuhaagee your,

thine ~,~ yours(plural)

tuhaa~c, tuhaa9cc-aan

~fW

terc vichch in thee tuhaa9c vichch in you

(84)

THIRD PERSON l)fO Y01:f an purakh

f1<J Wuh he, she, it oh they

fur?> ~"§- '=

us noon him, her, it ohnaan noon them

~~ f1<Jor 7)'l'"8"

us naal by/with him, her, it ohnaan naal by/with them

~wc!t ~wc!t

us la-ee to/for him, her, it ohnaan la-ee to/for them

~~ ~~

us daa his/her, its ohnaan daa their

~1W ~1W

us vich in him, her, it ohnaan vich in them

Note:-l. pronouns have no vocative case

2. The declension of~ (kaun) is as follows:

~, ftm "§, ftm ~, ftm wc!t, ftm 3"', ftm~, ftm 1W I

kaun, kis noon, kis naal, kis la-ee, kis ton, kis daa, kis vich

who, to whom, with whom, for whom, from whom, whose, in

whom.

ih

~

aih}

(B) SOME OTHER PRONOUNS

If!1 Va~ kujh hOT parnaanv

This ko-ee Any body, Some body, Some one

(85)

roeh These

~ }<hftor

}oh That ka-ee naa Nobody, None

~ fcffiorauh kise naa

ffiroh Those

****

(86)

Lesson 50 UT050

ADJECTIVES

ni.1 Vishesha'TJ,l<i~f.le:

tfoyT changaa } ~ kojhaa }Good Ugly~ changee cts't kojhee

~ bhairaa } ~ uchchaa }~Bad~

Highbhairee uchchee

~ vaMaa} ~ neevaan }

?"ittBig

o't?t'Low

va~~ee neeveen

ikr chhotaa } war bhaaraa }

~Small

grcftHeavy

chhotee bhaaree

~ uchchaa } <'ffir haulaa }

~Tall

<J8'tLight

uchchee haulee

}fl:fOT madhraa } ~ si-aal.laa }w:r\ftShort~

Wisemadhree si-aal.lee

ffifr lammaa } ~ javaan }ffift lammceLong~ naujawaan

Young

~ navaan } ~ puraal.laa }rn New~

Oldnaveen puraal.lee

Her motaa } ~ chust Active

HitFat

motee E!R3 sust Lazy

lJ3C5T patlaa } ljOl:f moorakh FoolishThin

l13"8't pal1ee ~ sa-oo Noble

ffiJcT sohl,aa } ~ mash-hoor FamousBeautiful

~ sohr:ree

(87)

Lesson 51 1JT051

Verbs

~ Kiri-aa

~ aa-OI;laa To come W ro.,aa { To ,,'eep

To cry

;:rrcr jaaI.laa To go ~ hass.,aa To laugh

~ khaloI.laa To stand u;ror parlu;taa To read

~ baithar:taa To sit~ Iikh.,aa To write

~ uth.,aa To get up ~ kh~aa To play

~ letQaa To lie down~ daur.,aa To run

~ khaar:taa To eat~ kUdd.,aa} To jump

~ pee.,aa To drink i;TH~ chhaalmaarnee

~ bol.,aa To speak ~ charlU,taa To climb

~ su.,anaa {TO listen ~ suttJ;laa To throw

To hear

~ dass.,aa To tell~ <Iig~aa To fall

~ vekh.,aa { To see~ cheernaa To cut

To look

****

door } Awaypare

jitthe } Wherekitthe

haulee Slowly

kahalee Hurriedly

kadeen kadaa-een Seldom

sadaa Always

aksar } Oftenaam taur te

masaan Hardly

dubaaraa Again

kadon, jadon When

gauh naal Carefully

buree taraan Badly

zaroor Certainly

ik vaar Once

vafaadaaree naal Faithfully

(88)

~~

~

~~

w~l.ia"ftW~

~

~

~~

J=RTl)f<illicJ

l)fT)f~ '3"HW~

cR',~

~7)Tg

~3W

~fuq~

~ii:leia9 7)Tg

Lesson 52 1JTO 52

ADVERBS

fc;rfa>,.{r ffitih:t~ Kiri-aa Vishesha~

hur;te

bhalke

svakhte

kuvele

ethe

othe

Now

Tomorrow

Early

Late

Here

There

(89)

Lesson 53 l.JTO 53

PREPOSITION

" SabandhakRflOo/

~ andar } 3C( tak }~

In~

Uptovich teek

~ baahr Out ~ daa Of

~ utte} ~ vaste }~. On, Up, Above

m:.ftFor

uppar la-ee

@ Thalle Below, Under~ du-aara }

~ { Before arJf raaheenThrough

agge

In front of

m pichchhe Behind ~ naal With

~ door Far ~ bagair } Without~ Nere}

fun; binaaNear

~ laage ~ baabat

3"' ton From aTa 00", } About

~ vall To mmt sabandhee

~eo(ld vichkaar Between, Among

****

(90)

Lesson 54 UT054

CONJUNCTION

~ Yojak

~ je } If~ jekar

UO par }~ aipar But

l{g prantoo

~ ki-onki }MITTBecause

ki-onju

()T~.... FffiI' naa keval.. .. sagon Not only...but

~ beshak }~ bhavenThough

fuo~ fir vee Yet

3f~ taan ki }3f;tSo that

tannjo'

3f taan Then

3,~ te, ate And

W jaan Or

~ ki That

or5 naale Also, Besides

****

(91)

lesson 55 UTe 55

Vismak

EXCLAMATORY

f?m.rq

afsos

khabardaar }

hoshi-aar

vaah

haa-i, haa-e

hain

vaahvaa }

shaabaashe

balle balle

Sorry

Oh

Beware

Strange

Alas

What

Hurrah, Weldone, Bravo

}uh

uf

~

~

g'g@

?TU

<JTfE',~~

~

~

~

~

~

****

(92)

ottfcffi'<k"~

foo:r3W~

~

foo:r~

foo:r~

f'cfoofom

Lesson 56 l..fTO 56

INTEROGATlVES

l.J.F.Ri~ Prashan Vaachak

kee

ki-on

kauI)

kiven }

kis taraan

kitthe

kadon

kis daa

kis noon

kinnaa

kinne

****

What

Why

Who

How

Where

When

Whose

Whom

How Much

How Many

~ dtJ()' Vaak Rachnaa

(94)

Lesson 57 l.JTO 57

To Be

H<:ro fuor~ ~ I Mohan is a boy.

mohan ikk mun9aa hai.

seeta ikk kuree hai.

~~~I

aseen dost han.

main chor naheen han.

~~~Itoon jhoothaa hain.

~~ fuw-at <J I

tuseen vadhi-aa khi<laaree ho.

~~ otit' Fft I

uh eemaandaar nahecn see.

oh jamaat vich san.

~ ftrJ €1H tit~ Fft?kee ih us dee pagrce see?

~ UfO otit' Fft I

tuseen ghar naheen see.

Sita is a girl.

We are friends.

I am not a thief.

You arc a liar.

You are a good player.

He was not honest.

They were in the class-room.

Was this his turban?

You were not at home.

****

He has a fever.

(95)

Lesson 58 UTe 58

TO HAVE

~ Rakkha~aa

}fit UTH 9W8" otif ~ I I have no handkerchief.

mere paas rumaal naheen hai.

~~~ 8~Oli <J?) I We have four guns.

saa~e kol chaar bandookaan han.

ctt~mr~~~~&~7

Have you a ten rupee note is your pocket?

kee lUhaa~eejeb vich das rupai daa not hai?

~ UTH~ Uoft:rg ~ I You have only one pencil.

tere paas ikko pansil hai.

~~~~Ius noon bukhaar hai.

mffiF.r fFor~ CJlKft Ftt?kamlesh ikk guddee rakkhdee see?

~~ fu"3"rgt otif J10 I

ohnan kol kitahaan naheen san.

kee oh paaItoo kutta rakhdee see?

~ j:j"zo HIei0l8 otif ocR ~7

Kamlesh had a doll?

They had no books.

Had she a pet god?

You had no motor cycle?

tuseen motor sa-cekal naheen rakhde sau?

****

(96)

Lesson 59 l..I'O 59

PRESENT TENSE

Varatmaan Kaal

I go.

main jaandaa han.

l)fFft'~ <Jf I

aseen tarde han.

oh gaaJ;laa ga-ondee haL

~~otil'<J?

tuseen parhde naheen ho?

~fucr~~1

oh likh rahe han.

~~otil'~~1

We swim.

She sings a song.

You do not read?

They are writing.

He is not dancing.

oh nachch naheen rihaa hai.

ott~ l)fl'l.RT l..I'O we- orcr~ <J?Are you learning your lesson?

kee tuseen apJ;laa paaJh yaad kar rahe ho?

~~ UOfT~~ I She has cooked the food.

oh khaaJ;laa pakaa chukkee haL

~ %~~ fmJTR otil' ofBr IMohan has never disappointed me.

mohan nc mainoon kadeen niraas nahcen keeta.

I have given up drinking.

main sharaab peeJ;lee chha~~ dittee haL

(97)

We have been waiting for you since 10 A.M.

aseen saver de das vaje ton tuhaa(lee u(leek kar rahe han.

oft~~Hal8~ia 3' mrcr~ N"J?Have you been travelling since last Tuesday?

kee tuseen pichhale mangalvaar ton safar kar rahe ho?

Ffufr tJTO u1fc»fT 3' aodt ~ I

Seema has been weeping for four hours.

seema chaar ghanti-aan ton ro rahee hai.

****

(98)

Lesson 60 l..fTO 60

PAST TENSE

"ff3" qrg Bhoot Kaal

main gi-aa.

oh aa-ee.

~ fdTwl~-~I

~ ~~ ffi'o't fHB't I

us noon tuha~eechi((hee milee.

€T<:rnr ("i'TF.8T o-.:ft' l:fTQT1

I went.

She came.

He received your letter.

They did not take breakfast.

ohnaa nashtaa naheen khaadhaa.

The milkman was milking the cow.

dodhee gaan cho rihaa see.

fcmro is futr ill:? 0(J'f~ ftrJr Fft I

The farmer was not ploughing the field.

kisaan khet vich hal naheen vaah rihaa see.

kee toon swaitar bUl;1 rahee see?

l)fFfT~ are BP 'ffi') I

Were you knitting a sweater?

We had done the sums.

asaan svaal ka~~h la-e san.

ott~~~~ ffi')"?Had they taken the examination?

kee uh imtihaan de chukki-aan san?

I had been living at Patiala for four years.

main chaunh saalaan ton pati-aale raih rihaa saan.

}(fu-~ 3' o-.:ft' tr fo.:rr Fft I It had not been raining since morning.

meehn sver ton naheen pai rihaa sec.

(99)

Lesson 61 UTe 61

FUTURE TENSE

~ 'OfT5 Bhavikkhat Kaal

main jaavaangaa.

))fT;fl'~ I

aseen khaavaange.

wtt'~ ?i<ft'~ I

I shall go.

We shall eat.

You will not dance tomorrow.

They will have taken bath.

tuseen bhalke naheen nachchoge.

~~~ 010 o<:ft mtt I She will be waiting for you.

uh tuhaal;iee u~eek kar rahee hovegee.

ott ('i""8Ol1'~~~7 Will the tap be running?

kee nalkaa chal rihaa hovegaa?

~~fu»fT~1

ohnaan nahaa li·aa hovegaa.

ott f'orRro G"Ff8"T~~~?Will the farmers have reaped the crops?

kee kisaan faslaan val;il;ih chukke hOl,lge?

~~~3'W m:ffUT~~1

The boys will not have been making a noise for two hours.

munde do ghanti.aan ton raulaa naheen paa rahe hOl,lge.

****

(100)

Lesson 62 tJTO 62

IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

~~/~/(')R'ftJ3'f ~

hukmee-aan/sujhaa-oo/samjhaa-oo/naseehatee vaak.

€d~lt.li~1

darvaazaa khohlo.

~7[p;~1

Open the door.

Look at the picture.

tasveer vall vekh.

or€'f~ 7)T ll8" I Never tell a lie.

kadeen jhooth na bolo.

~ ¥ )fT(J ~ ~ ';! I Blowout the candle.

mombattee phook maar ke bhujhaa de.

»fT Ra~~ I Let us go out for a walk.

aa sair karn challee-e.

chall dhuppe baithee-e.

~~~~futfl

us noon andar aa-ol.J de-o.

GOf.f '3' 7)T ~ I

farsh te na thukk.

~~ffi11

lodaa lagvaa la-o.

Let us sit in the sun.

Let him come in.

Don't spit on the floor.

Get yourselfvaccil)ated.

(101)

Lesson 63 UTO 63

EXCLAMATORY/OPTATIVE SENTENCES

~/fl!s'dt:lo( ~ 'Vismak/lchchharrthak Vaak.

~! l)fFft~ f;:B~~ I Hurrah! We have won the match.

aahaa! aseen maichjitt Ii-aa hai.

~!~~ -j fdpw I Alas! I have been ruined.

afsos! main barbaad ho gi.aa.

f'c;l7)'t 8~'~ctl "ta ~! What a pleasant weather!

kinnee suhaavar:tee rutt hail

jee-oonde raho!

(re~g'30~!

rab tainoon puttar deve!

~I ~l.£tfT"O~ ~I

May you live long!

May God bless you with a son!

Would I were a Prime Minister.

kaash! main pardhaan mantree hundaa.

~r~~otl3Tl Bravo! Well done.

shaavaa! bahut sohr:taa keetaa.

~i~Q)~ ~W3W~~acffi!

May God grant peace to the departed soul!

vaahiguru vichharee aatmaa noon shaantee bakhshe!

****

(102)

Lesson 64 UTO 64

INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES

'l.{!R'i~~ Prashan Vaachak Vaak

"?Fft'~~? Who are you?

tuseen kauQ ho?

us ne kis noon milQaa hai?

fro fc81tr fuR~ ~7

ih kitaab kis dee hai?

tuseen kee chaahunde ho?

~ fu'<:r;p 6B U'FR~~?

Whom does he want to see?

Whose book is this?

What do you want?

Which fruit does she like?

Where was uncle going?

uh kehraa phal pasand kardee hai?

~ fc;rtT~ ur~ FlO? Why were the boys making a noise?

munde ki-on raula paa rahe san?

~~~~ FlO? When did they come back?

oh kadon vaapas aa-e san?

~tftmw~FIO?

chaachaa jee kitthc jaa rahe san?

~ f'cto4"~~~ <::J'O? How often do they take tea?

oh kinnee vaar chaah peendee-aan han?

~ fuR ~~ 'Fft7 Who had knoched at the door?

boohaa kis ne kharkaa-e-aa see?

~~~~ <::J'O? How many shoes have you?

tuhaage kol kinnee-aanjuttee-aan han?

(103)

Lesson 65 l.fTO 65

PARTICIPLES

0l1dt:!30l kaardntak

3O?)T fuor~ ?Oful:r ~ I Swimming is a good exercise.

tarnaa ik changec varjish hai

~ trffi!T~~~ 01:RT ~ I Walking keeps a man fit.

paidal chah)aa aadamee noon arog rakhdaa haL

~~ uk tit~ <J?) I Barking dogs seldom bite.

bhounkade kutte ghan hee va~hde han

~ Cfd7)T~~~ ~ I To err is human.

galtee karnaa aadamee daa subhaa hai

~~~ ore I The boys went out to play.

mun(le baahar khe(lan ga-e

~ ~~ wet~ fdp,.rr I He was asked to speak.

us noon bolal) la-ce aakhi-aa gi-aa

R:r~~~~ I Sant is an educated youngman.

sant parhi-aa likhi-aa naujvaan hai

~~ B;3"Qft~ wet~ I The frightened girl ran for safety.

(laree ho-ee larkee bachaa-o la-ee dauree

The injured cow could not run.

zakhamee gaan daur naa sakkee

****

(104)

lesson 66 UTO 66

SOME MORE SENTENCES

~ iJa~ Kujh HOT Vaak

It is raining.

varkhaa ho rahee hai.

UfO~~ ?5<ft' ~ I There is nobody in the house.

ghar vich ko-ee naheen hai.

~ l..fte~ W "J fdT>,.rT ~ I It is time to take tea.

chaah peeJ.l daa velaa ho gi-aa hai.

»{F(f~~ 3fdw~ fIT I We used to swim in the river.

aseen deri-aa vich tari-aa karde saan.

~~ lJlU ~ I To tell a lie is a sin.

jhooth bolJ.laa paap hai.

}f ft!<:r chf l)fTlf C:«r FrcR't ~ I I can do this work myself.

main ih kamm aap kar sakdce haan.

»{F(f <:YR fuor ofu or~ I We could not help laughing.

aseen hassc binaa raih naa sakke.

rataa aapJ.laa painn vikhaa-oge?

~ UfO,:rr ~"JI

tuseen ghar jaa sakde ho.

"J~~ "JOt{t3 lJTH "J~ I

Could you show me your pen?

You may go home.

Harpreet may get through.

ho sakdaa hai harpreet paas ho jaave.

}f fi.Kro3 ett3t 3'f ;'t lJTH "J~ I I worked hard so that I may pass.

main mehnat kcctce tan jo paas ho jaavaan.

(105)

We must go there.

I need your help.

saanoon othe zaroor jaar:taa chaheeda hai.

ft:n..rw ~ l)fT'l.R;'t tt:ff d7e~ Ie'll Bimla got her shoes repaired.

bimlaa ne aapnee juttee gam;lhvaa-ee.

wa~ )-fT(f~~ FrO 1 All the rats were killed.

saare choohe maar ditte ga-e san.

~~~~~~ fJ\.8 otit'l He dare not abuse me.

ohde vich mainoon gaahal kal;ihl;ihar:t dee himmat naheen.

~ur8 l')f11.f~~~ otit'l You need not come yourself.

tuhaanoon aap aa-on dee lor naheen.

~~T~h~~~~1

mainoon tuhaal;ice madad dec lor hai.

~ ~ fl::lo~ <J? 3T~~~ <101

If it rains in time, the crops grow well.

je vele sir varkhaa hove tan faslaan changiaan hundee-aan han.

****

(106)

lesson 67 tl'O 67

INTRANSITIVE/TRANSITIVE VERBS

~/ ffC?CTHOf~ akarmakl sukarmak kiri-.aa

(A) INTRANSITIVE VERBS:

I came.

main aa-i-aa

tuseen ga·e

»fFft' # <Jf I

aseen khaande haan

oh khel;ladee-aan haan

tl<J~ ~T1

uh parhadaa hai

thit~~1

panchhee ul;ladaa hai

om't~~1

gal;ll;lee chaldee hai

Ft<:re~1

sohaJ:l dauri-aa

(B) TRANSITIVE VERBS

»fFft' 6B # <Jf I

ase.en phal khaande haan

You went.

We eat.

They play. (I)

He reads.

The bird flies.

The train runs.

Sohan ran.

We eat fmit.

(107)

oh futbaal khe9adee-aan han

QTH~~u;rmft~1

ram ne kitaab parh la-ee hai

~~1.it~FftI

tuseen duddh pee rahe see

~ fttcs't~ four ~ I

sohaQ chitthee likh rihaa hai

Ff8r it ?t~~ Fft Iseetaa tee vee vekh chukkee see

They play football (t).

Ram has read the book.

You were drinking milk.

Sohan is writinga letter.

Sita had watched the T.V.

Note: Transitive verb in the past tense with case ending "ne" agrees

with the object as in

QTH~~u;rmft~1

****

(108)

Lesson 68 UTO 68

VOICE

Vaach

uh chittl.tee Iikhadaa hai

ftfo't~ 3' fmft~~ I

chittl.tee us ton likhee jaandee hai

H"~ tfBrlmain paal)ee peetaa

~~ tfBr ftw,.rT Imaithon paal)ee peetaa gi-aa

ffiJot IN~ Fft I

ohnaa sachch boli·aa see

He writes a letter.

A letter is written by him.

I drank water.

Water was drunk by me.

They had spoken the truth.

sachch ohnaa ton boli-aa gi-aa see.

The truth had been spoken by them.

~ed~'i1'~ o<1t ~ I Kamla is opening the door.

kamlaa darvaajaa khohal rahee hai

~~ed~lill~ ;:IT fatJr ~ I

kamlaa vallon darvaajaa khohli·aa jaa rihaa haL

The door is being opened by Kamla.

inft Cil'l.S~ I The washerman will wash the clothes.

dhobee kapre dhovegaa

(109)

. kapre dhobee ton dOOte jaange

The clothes will be washed by the washerman.

Note: Verb agrees with the subject in active voice while it agrees

with the object in passive voice.

****

Muhaavaree Vaak

(110)

Lesson 69 l.JTO 69

IDIOMATIC SENTENCES

~k) ,'ia'l ?rei

~~ ()TR}f'!ft c}tft~ 75<ff I Ignorance oflaw is no excuse.

kaanoon dee naasamjhee ko-ee bahaanaa naheen.

l)fFli tft 90 a CfTllT I We ate to our fill.

asaan jee bhar ke khaadhaa.

~~~~UO~~~I

He has a grey head on green shoulders.

uh hai taan nikkaa par hai baraa si-aaQaa.

ft:.::r }1cil'T(')~~ W8't ~ I This house is to let.

ih makaan karaa-e vaaste khaalee hai.

~ HO~ UO Ha'rOfT 75<ff I He would rather die than beg.

uh mar jaavegaa par mangegaa naheen.

~~~ 75"'"H'~~ I She is wise for her age.

uh aapQee umar naalon si-aaQee hai.

~~~ t"~ 3'aT ~ I They are hard up these days.

ajj kal uhnaan daa hatth tang hai.

~~ ftott-mott ij]'"8" '3~ tR- <J I You fall out over trifles.

tuseen tan nikkee nikkee gal te lar painde ho.

~ "5"~ ER'R'r ~ I He is hard of hearing.

us noon uchchaa sUQeedaa hai.

uh namak halaal hai.

~~~<1ott~1

uh vaahde dec pakkee hai.

He is true to hts salt.

She is true to her word.

(111 )

Lesson 70 U"O 70

PROVERBS

~ Akhaa-otan

~~ ot:ft ~ I Honesty is the Dest policy.

eemaandaaree vadhee-aa neetee hai.

pehlon tolo phir bolo.

furr~~~1

jaisaa karoge vaisaa bharoge.

fi.l'3Q~ fffi:J;p~ ft:Rr ofH~ I

Think before you speak.

As you sow so shall you reap.

A friend in need is a friend indeed.

mitter uhjehraa vele sir kamm aave.

No pains no gains.

sevaa bin mevaa nahccn.

kar bhalaa ho bhalaa.

~ ~B'"aC8 ~I

eke vich barkat hai.

jad tak saas tad tak aas.

~~ arHl

daam banaa-e kaam.

jaisaa des vaisaa bhes.

Do well have well.

Union is strength.

Hope sustains life.

Money makes the mare go.

While in Rome do as Romans do.

(112)

gaiide ghatt he vassde.

~~ §"a' or<J I

jitthe chaah othe raah.

~~~~kutte daa kuttaa vairee.

akkhtin. ohale manon ohale.

ftrq ~ Ft ffl:f I

ik chupp sau sukh.

Barking dogs seldom bite.

Where there is a will there is a way.

Tho of a trade seldom agree.

Out of sight out of mind.

Silence is golden.

****

COMPOSITIONdtl6 I Rachnaa

<

(114)

1JTO 71i

((1) iJlf CJtl?iT Lekh Rachanaa

~~ t:!t 8 1IEaacll

~~~~#t 8'~S-aJl ~ I ft:u~ cOO~ Rftr3'~ ftm~ ftn:r8't~~ 3" 'to~~ ffi1r~ un I fuR~ cfui W ~~~~ ~ unl~.~,1l1Ia~Rc::i 3" RlfERi! 16 i~ 3RJla i ~ 8c::OIit!11)ff~ 'JO I

CfHOT ss'i\!11)ft~~ ffi:rctt 3W~~~ I

~8'~SdJl ~~u;;rrcr3'W~m')fft:u~

~~~~ unl ft:u f'<i!aEid~~'JOI 8 l reSda'l ~~~~~~I fuR~ 0fTCrn'

'JOfuqi '3~ 3"~~~~ OTH~~ unl fuu~-omH l)fQWO 'J018irea~a'l~~ 3~~

~ 9TOT ~I fuR~~ ijwnT~ 3~~ awS"~~unl ,~ ~8Irea~Jl ~ ~ ~ -. ~ ~I ft:u

~~~~~crcRt~~~~~­

~~ l)fTi!'3'~~ I

****

(115)

Lesson 71

Our School Library

Our school has a big library. It is situated in a spacious room

which is fitted with electric tubes and ceiling fans. Many mottoes

have been written on its walls. Pictures offamous writers, artists and

scientists are also hung. The room is tastefully decorated and

furnished.

There are more than twenty thousand books in our library.

They are put in big almirahs. They are arranged subject-wise. There

is a catalogue in the library. It contains cards on which the names of

books and their authors are written. They are arranged

alphabetically. There is a separate section for newspapers and

magazines in the library. It subscribes to ten daily newspapers and

twenty monthly magazines.

A good library is an essential part of a school. It supplements

the knowledge of students and inculcates the habit of self-study.

****

(116)

UT072

~

~ST03'~ l{Mtr sft:rcJ ~ I~W ~ ft~ J{t~~ itt %~ Rtl~~ J{t Q ltfCJiiO~ itt %~ Rho ~ ~ijaia~ nTH ~ feCi Ha~RtI~Q~~miff~~~IQJJitt%~

~ nTa feCi~ 'g'ofto~ Ht>Ht Htcr 3"~ Rt I~

E'W &TaT fiN 1919~~~~%f5i1i' ~~~~ UlTC!" oft3"r Rt, ll'Jr i1t ~ I

~~ 3" i1t ElJ'IO,~ !H3 llTCJ1\.rci, CJTmft ~~~~~ fcJur ~J u4 1947~~~

h ~ ft!"J wn~ ijJ'Eft I.~ ST03' lJif'aR3i(,)~~~

~I

l:fTBW~, ~. ~. iff.~, ffiICiTCft Hfuw~, ffiICiTCft~ J{t~ CJTH~~ !H3 W ~~ !H3~ C')'T(')cif~

~61iii!a6t~Bfuo~~~RRQiiii!''U(')I~~

~ fi:\\t(~~ CJTH &TaT nTH~~ vrar ~ I~~

~-0QTa~~~~~~HB¥~1

ucr h wa ST03' 3" ft'cd #Q !H3~ wa~ citmJn~ !H3~ iii!TS vrar ~ Bfuo~ lifT'3(JT~~ 'U(') I

****

(117)

lesson 72

AMRITSAR

Amritsar is a famous city oflndia. It was founded by the fourth

Guru of the Sikhs, Sri Guru Ram Das. The fifth Guru, Sri Guru AJjan

Dev built a temple named Harimander in the midst of Amritsar

tank. The temple is also known as Golden Temple. The Guru got its

foundation stone laid by a Muslim saint, Sain Mian Mir. The

Jallianwala Bagh, where the British General Dyre gruesomely killed

unarmed and peaceful Indians in 1919 is nearby.

Amritsar remained a centre of trade and industry and religious,

political and cultural activities since its inception. The glory

however, has waned after the partition of the country. It is near the

Indo·Pak Border.

Khalsa College, DAV College, Government College for Women,

Government and Sri Guru Ram Das Medical and Dental Colleges,

and Guru Nanak Dev University are the pride educational

institutions ofthe city. There is a beautiful garden called Ram Bagh,

built by Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Verka, a suburb of the city, is known

for its milk products.

Hundreds of people from all over India and many foreigners

come to visit the city of Golden Temple and Jallianwala Bagh daily.

****

(118)

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

~:

1J1073

(~) d18E1'3 dtJ6'

~~ TW5 fcfor lDfu~ it

~ful:r~fW~~?

~~~ gijJ3" fi:?uf~~~ uf I

~ l)fTlRT~ fcior UFR e«R ~?

~~UFR~ufl

~~fom~~?

~~~'3~~1

~~~fclit~~?

~~~~~~I

~~~B1f~~~?

~: forJo fi:?uf wi B1f~~ I~~fWm~om~~?

wi~fWFfo~om~~1

eft~~ fW 8Ifea"aJl~?

uf, H=a-~ fW~ 3'a'St 8 l fea"aJl ~ I

~~fWim"-~m~?

H=a-~ fW ~ im"-~~ Ieft~~~o:@~~1

uf, Ff1'aT~~~~?tftw~~~I

~~~~eft~~?

l)ffiT~~~ <JTcft~ f¥l'3lt ~ I

~ fcffi ft=o~~~ UFR~ I

uf!uf!~~1

****

Gurdeep:

Anil:

Gurdeep:

Anil:

Gur1eep:

Anil:'

Gurdeep:

Anil:

Gurdeep:

Anil:

Gurdeep:

Anil:

Gurdeep:

Anil:

Gurdeep:

, Anil:

Gurdeep:

Anil:

Gurdeep:

Anil:

Gurdeep:

Anil:

(119)

lesson 73

(B) DIALOGUE WRITINGHow do you like yOUT school

In which school do you read?

I read in Sardar Bahadar Bhagat Singh School.

How do you like your school?

I like it very much.

Where is your school situated?

It is situated at Mohini Road.

How is its building?

It has a big building.

Who is the Headmaster of your school?

Sardar Kehar Singh is our Headmaster.

How many teachers work in your school?

Sixty teachers work in my school.

Is there a library in your school?

Yes, there is a big library in my school.

How many play grounds are there in your school?

There are two play-grounds in my school.

Does your school show good results?

Yes, my school shows very good results every year.

What are the other achievements of your school?

We won District Hockey Tournament this year.

I would like to visit your school some day.

Very well! do come.

****

· (120)

lJTO 74

~ cfurr-c!or i[arcJr>f f?tT 9T(JT fW>rr

iJlW: ~ ott~ ~-aor~ oft3r Rt?~: uf. iJlW ;:ft. l)fAi ~-aor~ oft3r Rt IiJlW: fu-~' oR' oft3r Rt?~: ~~~oft3rRtI

~: ~~ oft3r Rt?~: ~~.~. Rt. E. UTB"~ oft3r Rt IiJlW:~gldfi~'di %fuR~ gror fsw Rt?~: fuR~~ gldfi~ldi %gror fsw RtliJlW: ott ~ ?t feR~ gror fsw Rt?~: uf. ~ ?t fuR~ gror fsw Rt I

iJlW: "? rom~~ gror fsw Rt?~: ~ taTQ-~ gror fsw Rt I

iJlW:~~~ ;;1u'2~ JludH8i~~Hi")7

~: HI2~~~~JludH8i~~HOI

iJlW: ott~~~ 3lffi't l3lm Rt?~: ;:ft uf,~~ 3lffi't l3lm Rt IiJlW: ott~~ fdur?~: uf;:ft.~~~ fdur I

iJlW: ott~~ ftrntH~?~: ;:ft uf, H'2 ufc:Jw ftrntH~ I

iJlW: t:IY3~!~1

~: ~~, iJlW ;:ft I

****

(121)

lesson 74

I took part in the variety programme

Uncle: Did you hold a variety programme Gunchoo?

Gunchoo: Yes, Uncle! We held a variety programme.

Uncle: When was it held?

Gunchoo: It was held on last Sunday.

Unle: Where was it held?

Gunchoo: It was held at Y. M. C. A. haIl.

Uncle: How many participants took part in it?

Gunchoo: Fifty three participants took part in it.

Uncle: Did you take part in it also?

Gunchoo: Yes, I also took part in it.

Uncle: In which item did you take part?

Gunchoo: I took part in Giddhaa dance.

Uncle: How many rehearsals were you given by your teacher?

Gunchoo: We were given two rehearsals each.

Uncle: Were the arrangements of the programme satisfactory?

Gunchoo: Yes, they were very satisfactory.

Uncle: Was the programme a success?

Gunchoo: Yes, It was a grand success.

Uncle: Did you get any prize?

Gunchoo: Yes, we got first prize.

Uncle: Weldone! Congratulations.

Gunchoo: Thank you. uncle!

****

(122)

UTO 75

HQTO~:~~~?

11(!T : H' HQTO forarE 3~~ ut I

HQTO~ : cit~~ a<R oj?

11(!T I: ut tft, H'~~ ut I

HQTO~ :~~~ a<R oj?

11(!T : H'~. Rt.~~~~ ut I

HQTO~ : # fc;rEr ~ d'fue~ oj?

11(!T :. H'~ ftm' ~ d'fue ?TW ut I

HQTO~ : ftru~~~~?

11(!T :ftru~~~~1

HQTO }{THa :~ trftRla~ ~?

11(!T : }faT trftRla Htr-"?OOft ~ I

HQTO }{THa : cit~~ ERT oj?

11(!T : ut tft, H'~ ERT ut I

HQTO}{THa: ~m~uo?

11(!T : ~~~~uol

HQTO}{THa:~~~~~?

11(!T :H'~~~fuotit~~1

HQTO }{THa : cit # ft:a~~ H<:ftor~ "§~ oj?

11(!T : ut tft, H' ft:a~~ H<:ftor~ "§~uti

****

Q

Landlord

Man

Landlord

Man

Landlord

Man

Landlord

Man

Landlord

Man

Landlord

Man

Landlord

Man

Landlord

Man

Landlord

Man

Landlord

Man

(123)

Lessol"l75

Hiring of a House

How come?

I hare come to hire a house.

Are you employed?

Yes, I am employed.

Where arc you employed?

I am employed in D.C. Office.

Which place do you belong to?

I belong to village Thoba.

In which dirtrict is it situated?

It is situated in Amritsar dirtrict.

How is your family?

I belong to a middle class family.

Are you married?

Yes, I am married.

How many children have you?

I have two small children.

When will you bring your family?

I shall bring my family the very next day.

Are you ready to pay one thousand rupees per month?

Yes, I am ready to pay one thousand rupees per month.

****

(124)

~ :~.1fciir~~?

~:~~3'~uil

~ :fuufc;rn~~~1

~ : fuu QJd€IRya~~~ I

~ : 3-at fch:t~~?

~:~21~~uil

~ : 3-at~ eft ~?~ : ~ ufJg~~ "Itt. ~. lITH cftit ~ I

~ : 'jij"~~?~ : H'~.~.~. ~cftit~1

~ : 30r fu3r eft ciH cm:r ~?~:~~(JOI

~ : eft 30r~ ofl€9otl faF.l3€ld "!if~~ cm:r~?

~ : ui tft, ~ fu3r tft ~'ikll~'c a'lc'fEd ~ (JO~ HOT~ gar 0flJ3T0~~ e«r ftrUT ~ I

~ : 30r F.tor eft ~?~ : W8" 1ifT3OT e«ro't~ l.@'I;Jf 3~~ F.tor (JO I

~ :1"!if~~fcrtr~~~

~ :~~ -ea~~ e«ro't ffiRr ui I

****

(125)

Lesson 76

I want to service My country

Officer : Where do you come from, my boy?

Youngman : I come from Bhumbli.

Officer : In which district is it?

Youngman: It is in Gurdaspur district.

officer : How old are you?

Youngman : I am twenty one years old.

Officer : What is your qualification?

Youngman : I have passed B.A. in first division.

officer : Any other qualification?

Youngman: I have done N.C.C. also.

Officer : What is your father?

Youngman : He is a doctor.

Officer : Do any of your close relative serve in the army?

Youngman : Yes Sir, my father retired as lieutenant and my elder

brother is serving as captain.

Officer : What is your hobby?

Youngman : Trekking and mountaineering are my hobbies.

Officer : Why do you want to join the army?

Youngman : I want to serve my country, Sir.

****

(126)

(e-) ftJ6'1""t 3'~~ H7)}f ft=o '3"~~ *~=

786, H3T Mur O<ffil',

~I

2~, 2000

~~HmE,

~fu"J wea lfift~fa Hor11OHfun 14~~~I~ }fT3T fu3r %~~~ ~-tfI}f ~~~~

of8r ~ I fEa" ~-tll'Cl'it ~ I~ OfT<! ~~ ?t~ I

~~ }f;:r }rg~ WH~ I~ wg ~, seFii1\:!d 3ffi:Je ?t »fT~ 'JO I~~ '3~ FI:II:13€ld ?t~ I~~

-e-HTli~~~I~~~fa~~~~J:tT}ffi"

"Ja~~~~~1

fi.!uas i61 m~~IH'3lsaai ~3at~c;rntarr1

W l;fg!ijaOl,

~

****

(127)

Lesson 77

(C) LETTERS AND APPLICATIONS

Inviting your friend to your birthday party

786, Mota Si!1gh Nagar,

Jalandhar~

January 2, 2000.

My dear Manjot.

You will be glad to know that my birthday falls on 14thJanuary.

My parents have decided to celebrate it on a grand scale this time.

There will be a tea party. There will also be a programme of dance

and music. I t will be an evening of great fun. Our common friends,

Balwinder and Sohan are also coming. My relatives will be present

on this occasion. You will enjoy their company. I hope you will

certainly join the celebration and share our joys.

Please do come. I shall eagerly await yqur arrival.

Yours sincerely,

Bhupinder

****

(128)

UTO 78

- ~ 7)'l'(')Ci OCIICI'.

UCTWI

27~1999.-H=a~ fi:f3<J~,

m3 ~ ~I ~~~ f\aT tft ~ l13a 3' \J3T

~~~~wsft JW:I~~ ~ >Hlit1d1dlde<l orcR"~~ >d~~~~~~I~~~Mmrr3~~

~~ ~ are ~I fuy ri~~~ ~I ~iffi1R~

~~ fW fa!?~ rft 3 S1C!" nf\:l'qt~ furi"we!" #aT l& ~ I~ }{T3'T f\aT rio~~ m') I~ ~

m fW HTf\j))ff ~~~ un I Heft lffi I t:ft Has f3J,{Tar

~1~~tit~~I~?i~3'~~>d

~~~~I

~~~~Heft~~~re-w>d~~

~~~I

~ $it tffEn~ Q'T}f1)T Hfu3,

~~gMaQ(,

Cjlj 8 tfla ftful

****

(129)

Lesson 78

Inspire a friend for study and hardwork.

Guru Nanak Nagar,

Batala

January 27,1999.

My dear friend Harmanjit,

Sat Siri Aka!. I have come to know from a letter from your

respected father today that you have fallen in bad company, loafer

abou't aimlessly and are not caring tor your study. As a result you

have failed in 9th class examination. It is very sad. You were counted

as a bright students of your class. Now you are considered as a

useless person. Your parents live in great tension. Children are the

mainstay ,of their parents in their old age. Agree with me. Eschew

bad company. Work hard as before. Relieve your parents of the

tension and have their blessings.

I hope you will take care of my advice and show good results in

future.

Wishing you a good life.

Yours sincerely,

Kuljit Singh

****

(130)

l..JlO 79

5, O<!lfto lfTifOT,

~I

6 l-fT'd"e", 2000.

F{t HTO ttl,

~ orB't~ aRt {} I fuJ~~W 000l" {} I ft:H/~

~ ~ ~ 'JO I fuJ ~ tm~~ of<:R 'JO I orB't~ ofertm~~ {} I orB't~~~ liEfcm {} I~ Hii:o~ ill) I A'6~ {} fa" fu'3~ or~ tR I

orB't ~~ a~lR::!el t'i<tt'~I <N3~~~~ {}, ~ orB't~ t'i<tt'~I ~}a 3ltcs~ {} 3fl::rarac l.1Rr~ {} I l1iW €Iff ~ oret~~ {} uo~~~ t'i<tt'l

l)fTU~~~~~~ ofutt~ {} I foraur~w~~~~;:rt~~~1

~Hfu3,

l)fl1.!~ ~ F.t~ I A tfT3O,

<Jfu ttl mr- I

****

(131)

Lesson 79

Regarding Insanitary Condition of the locality.

5, Ranbh Marg,

Patiala.

March 6, 2000

To

The Mayor,

Municipal Corporation, Patiala.

Sir,

Our locality is very dirty. It is a hell on earth. It is full of pits.

These pits are full of water. Dirty water flows in the street. It is

difficult to move about. There are mosquitoes also. We fear lest

malarhishould break out.

The sweeper of the street is not regular. He comes once a week.

He does not clean the street. He sits in the corner. He smokes. We

have advi~ed him many times, but he does not listen.

You are requested to look into the matter. Please set the sweeper

rig"t or transfer him.

Thanking you,

Yours faithfully,

HarJee Kalha

****

(132)

filiI 3' iJTOr; }j I (S ill <OJ 8 0lW,

fucr~1

10~.2000.

tf.t )flO -;:ft,

%" lJ3'T 5"aTr ~ ~ WU ~~~ Cffidiif~ l:{f~~ I

}r flH m!t~ wu ~ i:m~ c:ft I

}r l.1trra~~~ 3' 1999 futr trf<rg~ futr 10+2

~~ ·lfTH ott3't ~ I }r~ 3'~~ CTe'tu~ c:ft i

Hdt Fll..f@~ CTe'tu ktr 60 ~~ futr 50 ~I}r~

~~~ c:ft ~ 1998 ktr }r fucr~ futr war~ 11't1

H' 19 wg ~~ c:ft I H<ft fffiB B'oft ~ I }r W ~~ ()Tg mfq OCRT c:ft I ~~~ fW,fr tiT?~ H'~~

»1f\:lo(ld'!1)ft "§~~ 3~ ()Tg~~ I

~Rfu3,

****

(133)

LESSON8D

Application for the post of a clerk.

V. & p.o. Manochahal Kalan,

Distt. Amritsar.

July 10, 2000.

To

The Deputy Commissioner,

Amritsar.

Sir,

I have come to know that a post of clerk is lying vacant in your

office. I beg to offer myself for this post.

I passed 10+2 examination from Punjab School Education

Board in 1999 securing first division. I know type-writing in English

and Punjabi. My speed in English type-writing is 60, and that of

Punjabi is 50. I am a good player of football and I took" part in

district tournament in 1998.

I am a young man of 19. I have it sound health. I belong to a

respectable family. If I am selected, I shall satify my seniors with

my work and conduct.

Thanking y~u,

Yours faithfully,

Rajinder Pal Singh.

****

ft{.~ ft:ruliP. l)ftft3 ft:rul »lmc

iP. ~ft:rul

iP. If!d iId(') ft:rul »lmc

"(134)

l..fTO 81

fOl3/a; er~~1288, Frcr.ca 23-B,

~I

12~, 2000

~ W'e't tr30 ft:rul ;:tWo ft:rul~I

~~ }fl7) ;:ft,

faour~~~~ fcG"rat~~~Wlit ?t.ut.utCJTdt'~~~ ~:-

9. ;:tWo »l0lH~d~~ t1;:r"dt iffio~. ;:tWo »lOlH~d~ fEdlF8F.1 ~OIF.1(,)cft

a.orH~~

H. ~F.ftiR

1.l.~F8~

E.~~~

~ 8grt3'301,

01H ft:rul

(135)

Lesson 81

Ordering Books

1288, Sector 23·B,

Chandigarh.

12 January, 2000

To

MIS Bhai Chattar Singh Jiwan Singh,

Amritsar.

Dear Sirs,

Prin. Santokh Singh

Dr. Ajit Singh Aulakh

Dr. Inderpal Singh

Dr. Gurcharan Singh Aulakh

Gy. Hardev Singh Garib

• Dr. Kulbir Singh Kaang

4. Shromanee Shaheed

5. Sunoh Sant Piaare

6. Panjabi English Dictionary

Kindly send me one copy of ea~h of the following books per

Y.P.o. per return of post:-

1. Jiwan Oxford Engish Punjabi Teacher

2. Jiwan Oxford English Dictionary

3. Naame de Vadiaa-ee

Yours Truly,

Ram Singh

****

(136)

1JTO 82

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~~~~ '3" l{Ro <Jft;w I~ ~ 80(~<J1~ ~ m

~~~I

fffcr:~ 1=& "3'~ ?i'tift ~ I

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(137)

Lesson 82

(D) Story Writing

The God Mercury And The Woodcutter

Once therc was a woodcutter. One da·y he was cutting down a

tree. The trcc was on the bank of a river. By chance his axe fell into

the river. lie began to weap.

The god mercury appeared there. The woodcutter told him his

sad story. The god took pity on him. He dived into the river. He

brought out a golden axe. The woodcutter said that it was not his

axe.

The god dived again into the water. This time he came out with

a silver axe. The woodcutter did not take it. The god then brought

out the iron axe. The woodcutter was happy to see his axe. The god

was pleased at hi!! honesty. He gave all the three axes to the

woodcutter.

Moral: Honesty is the best policy.

****

(138)

UTO 83

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****

(139)

Lesson 83

Vanishing Vanity

The tenth Guru of the Sikhs, Sri Guru Gobind Singh stayed for

some time at Sabo Ki Talwandi in the territory held by Dalla.

Expressing sympathy over the hard time faced by the Guru, Dalla

said, "0 Lord! Had you remembered me, I might have helped easing

the circumstances. My mighty and brave soldiers are· always ready

to lay down their lives." The Guru noted that although Dalla was a

devout Sikh, there was still a little bit of vanity in him. He had not

become a true disciple (Sikh). The Guru replied, "Don't worry, Dalla.

We shall see to it if occasion arises next time."

One day a Sikh brought a new gun to present it to the Guru. The

Guru took the gun in his hands and asked Dalla, "Bhai Dalla, send

for a soldier of yours. Let us test the aim of the gun." Dalla ordered

his soldiers. They replied, "To fight and die in the war is another

thing. Why to die without any reason?"

Hearing this the Guru sent message to his camp. There were

only two Sikhs in the camp. Others had gone out for war-practices.

Hearing the call both of them came running and vied with each

other for the aim. The Guru made them stand side by side and fired

much above their heads.

Seeing this feat, Dalla was astonished and felt ashamed. His

vanity had vanished. He fell upon the feet of the Guru and begged

pardon. Dalla .had become a true disciple now.

****

(140)

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~,"~ <:ft GOtto ;:ft fuR GTO't RWd d ~~ are I

****

(141)

Lesson 84

A Muslim Saint and the Lewd Woman

A Muslim Saint was, once, meditating at a little distance from

the human habitat. He had a beautiful long beard. One day while he

was making ablution for the Namaz at the nearby well, a lewd woman

passed that way. She had a dog following her. Seeing the beard of the

saint she remarked sarcastically, "Old man, which is better? Your

beard or my dog's tail?" The saint spoke very politely, "Sister, I

can't answer your question now. If time permits I shall surely give

you the reply."

Many years passed. The talk fell into oblivision. The saint

became old and maintain~d ill-health. Knowing that his end had

come, he enquired about the woman. She was still living, although

she had also grown old. The saint sent for her. When she came, he

said, "Sister, I am going to answer your that question of yore. My

beard is better than the tail of your dog."

Surprised, she asked keenly, "Sir, you could have given this

answer at that time. Why did you wait till today?"

"Sister, I could not answer the question then. Who knows about

a person's mind as to when it goes astray and there is a blot 'Oft his

"beard. Today when my end has come, I am going with a blotless

beard. Hence I can say today that my beard is better than your dog's

tail," saying the saint departed, from this mortal world.

****

(142)

UTO 85

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~,~~ J=lTOT~~~ llG~~~~ B"c ful)fT~

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~~~~~~~,~,)n:ft~~~~

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.,~ ttl ~ ft:fu ~ ftww llG~ UfO ~ tmfR1W~

oft3lt I ffife, 60r otil' Fft fO<JT I~~ ft:or W ~ Fft I

****

(143)

Lesson 85

liiajjan, The Thug

His name was Sajjan. Sajjan means a friend. But he was nobody's

friend. He was actually a Thug. Whosoever stayed at ~~ inn-like

house, Sajjan used to kill him in sleep, take all his things and throw

him in the well.

During his long travells to the west, Guru Nanak Dev alongwith

Mardana stayed for the night at Sajjan's abode. Thinking that he

would get a good fortune after killing the Guru in the night, Sajjan

was glad to have such a majestic personality as his guest. He

welcomed the Guru extremely artfully. By his sublime perception

the Guru saw at the very first glance the wicked in Sajjan.

During the night Sajjan went many a times to Guru's room with

the intention to kill him. But each time he saw the Guru singing

hymns at the tune of Rabab being played by Mardana. By dawn

Sajjan was impressed by the dauntless devotion of the Guru to the

Lord Almighty as also the meaning and spirit of the songs. Sajjan

fell upon the feet of the Guru and wept bitterly for his sins.

The Guru soothed Sajjan and told him that since he was

sorrowful for his past designs, the true contritiol! lies in giving away

the ill-earned wealth to the needy so that it might not allure him

again.

Sajjan distributed all his wealth among the poor and the needy,

became a Sikh of the Guru and established a Dharamsala. Saiian was

no more a Thug. He was now a true friend.

****

'r- .J144)

~

#J ft::r?r £fa Hftr ~

~.

,". " ,IN ortJ)-{() ~ 0- ~II

0- ~ >1ffa if Hff HTfe' ~I

fcr>Rt! '. ~ >HTtRft tf8 ctcr/lc ~ ttnr ~ ~ tit }f?) c1

fro wmJ "Jfj QJO :If} ~/1

Hff W? ott ~ ~ ~

11B tltao:p,~ ~ >-rtrll ~~q II

Rmr apr, t1'7;T 99)

Grant me a boon, 0 God!

I should not deflect from good deeds.

I should have no feur while fighting

against the enemy,

And must win with determination.

I should educate myself about high

values oj liJe,

Have keen desire to always sing your praise,

And when the end comes, should die fighting

in the battle field.

(Dasam Granth, page 99)

****