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LEADING TEAMS LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton Damon Burton University of Idaho University of Idaho

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Page 1: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

LEADING TEAMSLEADING TEAMS

Damon BurtonDamon Burton

University of IdahoUniversity of Idaho

Page 2: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

5 DISFUNCTIONS5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS OF TEAMS

Absence of Trust – Absence of Trust – great teams trust great teams trust each other deeply and share their each other deeply and share their hopes, fears and ideas. hopes, fears and ideas.

Fear of Conflict – Fear of Conflict – trust promotes trust promotes passionate dialogue, but it also passionate dialogue, but it also prompts disagreement, questioning prompts disagreement, questioning and challenging.and challenging.

Lack of Commitment Lack of Commitment – great teams – great teams promote genuine commitment for promote genuine commitment for important decisions.important decisions.

Page 3: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

5 DISFUNCTIONS5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS -2 OF TEAMS -2

Avoidance of Accountability – Avoidance of Accountability – great great teams hold each other accountable teams hold each other accountable and don’t have to rely on the leader to and don’t have to rely on the leader to enforce accountability. enforce accountability.

Inattention to Results – Inattention to Results – members of members of great teams set aside their own needs great teams set aside their own needs and agendas to focus on goals of the and agendas to focus on goals of the team. Team results define success.team. Team results define success.

Page 4: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

ORGANIZATIONAL ORGANIZATIONAL TEAMSTEAMS

Organizational Teams – Organizational Teams – represents a represents a fundamental change in how work is fundamental change in how work is organized. organized.

Work Teams – Work Teams – function both with and function both with and without leaders and they handle all without leaders and they handle all issues and problems that may arise issues and problems that may arise within their job description. within their job description.

Typical Duties Typical Duties – include hiring and – include hiring and firing, scheduling, quality control, firing, scheduling, quality control, budget management and disciplinary budget management and disciplinary actions.actions.

Page 5: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

What is a What is a team?team?

Page 6: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

WHAT IS A TEAM?WHAT IS A TEAM? Team – Team – is a unit of 2 or more is a unit of 2 or more

people who interact and people who interact and coordinate their work to coordinate their work to accomplish a shared goal or accomplish a shared goal or purpose. purpose.

Team Interaction – Team Interaction – people in a people in a team work together regularly. team work together regularly.

Team Focus Team Focus – team members share – team members share a goal but roles and a goal but roles and responsibilities often have to be responsibilities often have to be worked out within the team.worked out within the team.

Page 7: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

LEADERSHIP LESSONS LEADERSHIP LESSONS FROM GEESEFROM GEESE

Page 8: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

What is the What is the difference between difference between groups and teams?groups and teams?

Page 9: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN GROUPS AND TEAMSGROUPS AND TEAMSGroupGroup

has a designated, has a designated, strong leaderstrong leader

individual accountabilityindividual accountability identical purpose for identical purpose for

group and organizationgroup and organization performance goals set performance goals set

by othersby others works within works within

organizational organizational boundariesboundaries

individual work productsindividual work products organized meetings; organized meetings;

delegationdelegation

TeamTeam shares or rotates shares or rotates

leadership rolesleadership roles mutual/ind. accountabilitymutual/ind. accountability specific team vision or specific team vision or

purposepurpose performance goals set by performance goals set by

teamteam not inhibited by not inhibited by

organizational boundariesorganizational boundaries collective work productscollective work products mutual feedback, open-mutual feedback, open-

ended discussion, active ended discussion, active problem-solvingproblem-solving

Page 10: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

What are the What are the challenges of challenges of joining a new joining a new team?team?

Page 11: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

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STAGES OF TEAM STAGES OF TEAM DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT

Forming:• orientation & break the ice• Leader - facilitate social interchanges

Storming:• conflict & disagreement• Leader - encourage participation, surface differences

Norming:• establish order and cohesion• Leader - help clarify team roles, norms, & values

Performing:• cooperation & problem solving• Leader - facilitate task accomplishment

Page 12: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

What is the What is the difference between difference between functional and self-functional and self-directed teams?directed teams?

Page 13: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

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EVOLUTION OF TEAMS AND EVOLUTION OF TEAMS AND TEAM LEADERSHIPTEAM LEADERSHIP

Functional Team

• grouping individuals by activity• leader centered• vertical or command team

Cross-Functional

Team

• coordinates across organization boundaries for change projects• leader gives up some power• special purpose team, problem-solving team

Self-Directed Team

• autonomous, defines own boundaries• member-centered• self-managed team

Need for traditional leadership Need for team leadership

Page 14: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

VERTICAL VERSUS VERTICAL VERSUS HORIZONTAL HORIZONTAL STRUCTURESTRUCTURE

Page 15: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

DeanAssociate

Dean

HPERD C & I ACTE

Center 1 – Ethics

Team 1 – Motivation

Center 2 – CDHD

Team 2 – Leadership

Team 3 – Grad Programs

Page 16: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

SELF-DIRECTED SELF-DIRECTED TEAMSTEAMS

Nature of Work – Nature of Work – team members team members work together without direction work together without direction from managers, supervisors or from managers, supervisors or assigned team leaders. assigned team leaders.

Leadership – Leadership – is member- rather is member- rather than leader-centered. than leader-centered.

Teams Teams – typically consist of 5 to 20 – typically consist of 5 to 20 members who rotate jobs to members who rotate jobs to produce an entire product or produce an entire product or service.service.

Life Span Life Span – typically long-term– typically long-term

Page 17: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

ELEMENTS OF SD ELEMENTS OF SD TEAMSTEAMS

Composition - Composition - team have members team have members with varied skills and functions that with varied skills and functions that allow them to complete a total task. allow them to complete a total task.

Resources – Resources – team is given access to team is given access to all resources needed to perform the all resources needed to perform the task (e.g., info, budget, equipment, task (e.g., info, budget, equipment, machinery and supplies). machinery and supplies).

Decision-Making Decision-Making – empowered to have – empowered to have decision-making authority such as decision-making authority such as selecting members, solving problems, selecting members, solving problems, spending money, monitoring results spending money, monitoring results and future planning.and future planning.

Page 18: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

What are the 3 What are the 3 most important most important characteristics of characteristics of a team?a team?

Page 19: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

TEAM TEAM CHARACTERISTICSCHARACTERISTICS

Size - Size - team performance peaks at 5 members team performance peaks at 5 members (i.e., range 3 to 6).(i.e., range 3 to 6).• Tradeoff – Tradeoff – team need to be large enough to team need to be large enough to

take advantage of diverse skills and small take advantage of diverse skills and small enough to build cohesion and teamwork.enough to build cohesion and teamwork.

• AdvantagesAdvantages – Small teams are more – Small teams are more satisfied, have greater agreement, ask more satisfied, have greater agreement, ask more questions, exchange more opinions, are questions, exchange more opinions, are more cohesive and have greater sense of more cohesive and have greater sense of belonging. belonging.

Diversity –Diversity – heterogeneous teams are more heterogeneous teams are more effective because they provide a greater range effective because they provide a greater range of abilities. of abilities. • Benefits –Benefits – healthy level of conflict that healthy level of conflict that

promotes better decision-making.promotes better decision-making.

Page 20: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

TEAM TEAM CHARACTERISTICSCHARACTERISTICS

Interdependence – Interdependence – extent to which members extent to which members depend on each other for information, depend on each other for information, resources and ideas to accomplish tasks or resources and ideas to accomplish tasks or goals.goals.• Pooled interdependence – Pooled interdependence – members are members are

fairly independent in completing work and fairly independent in completing work and participating on the team.participating on the team.

• Sequential interdependenceSequential interdependence – output of one – output of one member becomes the input for another, member becomes the input for another, prompting exchange of info and resources. prompting exchange of info and resources.

• Reciprocal interdependence – Reciprocal interdependence – members members influence and affect each other in a influence and affect each other in a reciprocal fashion so that any product goes reciprocal fashion so that any product goes through a number of iterations.through a number of iterations.

Page 21: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

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LEADING EFFECTIVE LEADING EFFECTIVE TEAMSTEAMS

Team effectiveness: the extent to which a team achieves four performance outcomes: innovation/adaptation, efficiency, quality, and employee satisfaction

Team cohesiveness: the extent to which members stick together and remain united in the pursuit of a common goal

Page 22: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

What factors What factors influence team influence team cohesion?cohesion?

Page 23: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

COHESION COHESION DETERMINANTSDETERMINANTS

Interaction - Interaction - team members must team members must spend time together and interact spend time together and interact frequently. frequently.

Shared Mission & Goals – Shared Mission & Goals – agree agree on purpose and direction. on purpose and direction.

Personal Attraction – Personal Attraction – members members like and respect one another like and respect one another because they find common because they find common ground and enjoy being together.ground and enjoy being together.

Page 24: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

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TWO TYPES OF TEAM TWO TYPES OF TEAM LEADERSHIP ROLESLEADERSHIP ROLES

Task-Specialist Behavior Socio-Emotional Behavior

Propose solutions and initiate new ideas

Encourage contributions by others; draw out others’ ideas by showing warmth and acceptance

Evaluate effectiveness of task solutions; offer feedback on others’ suggestions

Smooth over conflicts between members; reduce tension and help resolve differences

Seek information to clarify tasks, responsibilities, and suggestions

Be friendly and supportive of others; show concern for members’ needs and feelings

Summarize ideas and facts related to the problem at hand

Maintain standards of behavior and remind others of agreed-upon norms and standards for interaction

Energize others and stimulate the team to action

Seek to identify problems with team interactions or dysfunctional member behavior; ask for others’ perceptions

Page 25: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

What are the 3 What are the 3 most important most important contributions contributions needed from a needed from a team leader?team leader?

Page 26: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

TEAM LEADER’S ROLETEAM LEADER’S ROLE

Recognize Importance of Shared Recognize Importance of Shared Purpose & Values – Purpose & Values – articulate a clear articulate a clear and compelling vision. and compelling vision.

Admit Mistakes – Admit Mistakes – serve as a fallibility serve as a fallibility model by admitting ignorance and model by admitting ignorance and mistakes and asking for help. mistakes and asking for help.

Provide Support & Coaching to Team Provide Support & Coaching to Team Members – Members – make sure your people get make sure your people get training, development opportunities training, development opportunities and resources they need and are and resources they need and are rewarded for their contributions.rewarded for their contributions.

Page 27: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL, VIRTUAL & CONVENTIONAL, VIRTUAL &

GLOBAL TEAMSGLOBAL TEAMS

Type of Team

Spatial Distance

Communications Member Cultures

Leader Challenge

Conventional Colocated Face to face Same High

Virtual Scattered Mediated Same Higher

Global Widely scattered

Mediated Different Very high

Page 28: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

VIRTUAL TEAM BASICSVIRTUAL TEAM BASICS

Select the right members – Select the right members – get the get the right people on the busy that are right people on the busy that are competent and have diverse skills. competent and have diverse skills.

Build Trust by Building Connections – Build Trust by Building Connections – build trust with several face-to-face build trust with several face-to-face meetings. meetings.

Agree on Ground Rules – Agree on Ground Rules – goals, goals, deadlines and expectations must be deadlines and expectations must be formalized.formalized.

Use Technology Effectively – Use Technology Effectively – make use make use of a variety of technology for of a variety of technology for exchanging ideas and work.exchanging ideas and work.

Page 29: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

What are the 5 What are the 5 most common most common conflict conflict management management styles?styles?

Page 30: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

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CONFLICT MANAGEMENT CONFLICT MANAGEMENT MODELMODEL

Assertiveness(Attempting to satisfy one’s

own concerns)

Cooperativeness(Attempting to satisfy the other party’s concerns)

Assertive

Unassertive

Uncooperative Cooperative

Avoiding Accommodating

Compromising

Competing Collaborating

.

. .

. .

Page 31: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

CONFLICT CONFLICT MANAGEMENT GOALSMANAGEMENT GOALS

get needs met, andget needs met, and maintain positive maintain positive relationship.relationship.

Page 32: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

CONFLICT CONFLICT MANAGEMENT STYLESMANAGEMENT STYLES

Turtle – Turtle – doesn’t attempt to either meet needs doesn’t attempt to either meet needs or maintain relationship,or maintain relationship,

Teddy Bear – Teddy Bear – sacrifices personal needs in sacrifices personal needs in order to maintain good relationship,order to maintain good relationship,

Shark – Shark – meets personal needs at expense of meets personal needs at expense of maintaining a good relationship,maintaining a good relationship,

Fox – Fox – meets both goals to a moderate degree meets both goals to a moderate degree through effective compromise,through effective compromise,

Owl – Owl – meets both goals completely through meets both goals completely through creative problem-solving.creative problem-solving.

Page 33: LEADING TEAMS Damon Burton University of Idaho. 5 DISFUNCTIONS OF TEAMS Absence of Trust – great teams trust each other deeply and share their hopes,

The EndThe End