National Mission for Clean

Ganga Department of Water Resources, River

Development and Ganga Rejuvenation

Ministry of Jal Shakti

Rajiv Ranjan Mishra, IAS, Director General

Leading River RejuvenationA case of Namami Gange

• A natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an

ocean, sea, lake or another river.

Or

• A large quantity of a flowing substance

Or

• A ribbon-like body of water that flows downhill from the force of gravity

What is a River?

Which Flows…

River is not just water, it is a system

Ancient scriptures had cautioned against misusing the Ganga river.

For instance, the following edict in Sanskrit prohibited thirteen types of human actions:

Defecation,

Gargling,

Throwing of used floral offerings,

Rubbing of filth,

Flowing bodies (human or animal),

Frolicking;

Acceptance of donations;

Obscenity;

Considering other shrines to be superior,

Praising other shrines,

Discarding garments;

Bathing, and

Making noise.

Ganga Basin

Upper Ganga

Gomukh to Haridwar

(294 km)

Middle Ganga

Haridwar to Varanasi

(1082 km)

Lower Ganga

Varanasi to Gangasagar

(1134 km)

Headstreams are fast-flowing

mountainous rivers cutting through deep

gorges and narrow valleys

Middle Ganga stretch meanders through

relatively flat plains

Lower Ganga segment tends to be

braided, especially in the delta region

near the Bay of Bengal where sea tides

affect the river flow.

Central Pollution Control Board Standard for

Bathing (Class ‘B’)Dissolved Oxygen (DO) >= 5mg/l

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) <= 3mg/l

Faecal Coliform <= 500mpn/ 100ml

Critically Polluted Stretch in

terms of B.O.D and Faecal

Coliform

Issues related to

Faecal Coliform

Issues related to

Faecal Coliform

Major

Polluters

Pollution in River Ganga

* As per CPCB identification of 351 polluted stretches in the country in September 2018

No Ganga Stretches in priority

category I to IV*

State Polluted StretchesPriority Category

2018 2019

Uttarakhand Haridwar to Sultanpur (< 3 mg/l BOD ) IV -

Uttar Pradesh Kannauj to Varanasi (1.25– 4.2 mg/l BOD) IV V

Bihar Buxar to Bhagalpur (< 3 mg/l BOD ) V -

West Bengal Triveni to Diamond Harbour (2.3 – 4.1 mg/l BOD) III V

Priority Criteria

I BOD > 30 mg/l

II BOD > 20-30 mg/l

III BOD > 10-20 mg /l

IV BOD > 6-10 mg/l

V BOD 3-6 mg / l

8

(IIT Consortium)

Pollution

Abatement

Ecology

and Flow

People

River

Connect

Research,

Policy and

Knowledge

Management

Evidence Based Planning

Policy Formation

Implementation of Policy

Summary of

Namami Gange

Projects

S. No. Type of Project Name of StateNo of works

Taken up

Total Cost of

Project (Rs in Cr )

1 Sewerage Projects

Uttarakhand 34 1,151.18

Uttar Pradesh 50 10,288.38

Bihar 30 5,328.60

Jharkhand 2 156.12

West Bengal 22 3,789.71

Haryana 2 217.87

Delhi 11 2,361.08

Himachal Pradesh 1 11.57

Total 152 23,304.51

2 Industrial Pollution Abatement 13 1073.52

3 River front, Ghats and Crematoria 77 1425.34

4 Afforestation and Biodiversity conservation 29 456.85

5 Rural Sanitation 1 1421.26

6 Other Projects 43 1295.63

Grand Total 315 28,977.11

Pollution

Abatement

Ecology

and Flow

People

River

Connect

Research,

Policy and

Knowledge

Management

Evidence Based Planning

Policy Formation

Implementation of Policy

S.No. StateCapacity

(MLD)

Sewer

Network

(km)

1 Uttarakhand 165.28 186.19

2 Uttar Pradesh 1648.14 1783.86

3 Bihar 631.5 1754.01

4 Jharkhand 15.5 89.21

5 West Bengal 864.67 1063.05

6 Himanchal Pradesh 1.72

7 Haryana 145 40.94

8 Delhi 1384.5 125.58

Total 4857 5061.48

Total Projects

152

Capacity Creation

4857 MLD

Sewer Network

5061.48 Km• Main Ganga Stem – 113 Projects to create 2171.6

MLD and 4522 km Sewer Network

• Ganga Tributaries – 39 Projects to create 2686 MLD

and 621 km sewer Network on 27 Rivers

-All figures are in MLD (Million Litres per Day)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

Estimated Sewage

Generation (2035)

Sewage Generation

(2016)

Current Status

Existing Capacity As

on 30.05.20

Approved Projects1240

2074

3314

2953

3603

Status of existing

infrastructure and

Interventions

- 97 Towns along

Ganga Main Stem

Sewage Generation Vs. Treatment Capacity

• Learning from past – Hybrid Annuity

Model (HAM) introduced for long

term satisfactory performance

• Construction linked payments – 40%

of capital cost

• Performance linked payments – 15

Years (60% quarterly Capex Annuity

with Interest with additional O&M

payments)

Hybrid Annuity Based Public Private

Partnership (PPP) Model for

Creation of Sewage Treatment

Infrastructure• Paradigm shift in the sector – one stop

solution for sewage treatment in the

entire city

• Integration of new and existing

sewage treatment infrastructure under

HAM

One City One Operator

Before After

Sisamau Nala, Kanpur

BeforeAfter

Kassawan Nala, Haridwar

Sewerage

Infrastructure

Projects

20

Sarai – 14 MLD, Haridwar

68 MLD Jagjeetpur – STP, Haridwar

Newly

Completed

Projects

Beur STP, Patna

5 MLD Chorpani Muni Ki Reti

Namami Gange

Initiatives Reuse

and Recycle Waste

water and By

Products

Treated wastewater reuse in Agriculture and

Horticulture

Treated wastewater

reuse in Industrial Areas

Treated wastewater

reuse in Thermal Plants

Reuse of sludge after waste

water treatment

Reuse and Recycle

of Treated Effluent

Adopting new

technologies and methods

for reuse of by-products of

treated effluent

Using sludge after

treatment for revenue

generation

Rural

Sanitation

• NMCG supplementing efforts of Department of

Drinking Water & Sanitation in ensuring sanitation in

Ganga villages.

• All 4465 Ganga bank villages declared ODF - 11

lakh Independent Household Latrines (IHHL)- (Rs

829cr)

• Need based Liquid Waste Management in Ganga

villages - Rs. 124 cr. Released

• Future Activities in SBM (Grameen) 2.0

Pollutio

n

Abateme

nt

Ecolo

gy and

Flow

People

River

Conne

ct

Research,

Policy and

Knowledge

Managemen

t

Evidence Based Planning

Policy Formation

Implementation of Policy

• Flood plains-integral part of overall river ecology

and their protection important for health of the

river.

• NMCG ‘Authority’ Notification mandates protection

of flood plains and keeping them regulated and

construction free.

• Committee for flood-plain demarcation for Ganga

from Haridwar to Unnao (no development zone/

regulatory zone).

• States requested to take action for demarcation of

flood plains and protection thereof.

Flood Plain Protection

Biodiversity Conservation and

Ganga Rejuvenation

• Dedicated project with WII

• Ganga Aqua life Conservation and Monitoring

Centre (GACMC)

• Ecological and Hydrological Surveys

• Genetic Assessment of Indicator Species

• The Eco-toxicological Assessment

• Spearhead teams for Capacity Building

• Rescue and Rehabilitation Centre

• A Cadre of Ganga Praharis

• Interpretation Centre and Floating Museums

• CIFRI, WWF, IUCN, States, TSA….Community

Extending it to other tributaries of Basin

• Agricultural runoff a major non-point source of pollution.

• Organic Farming taken up by MoA&FW in few clusters.

• Riverbed Agriculture should be only Organic.

• 85% of water utilization is for agriculture and efficient

use of water is important for Aviralta.

Sustainable Agriculture in Ganga Basin

Integrated

projects for

Medicinal

Plantation Uttar

Pradesh-10

Districts, 180

Gram

Panchayats, 60

Clusters and

2500 Ha.

800 Ha

corridor of

Medicinal

Plantation

along

Ganga

(NMPB)

Special

organic

farming in 5-

7 Kms

stretch

along both

sides of

Ganga

Demand side

management

of water to

increase

water

inefficiency for

reducing

abstraction of

water from

river

Ecosystem

approach to

Agriculture

Rudraksh

plantation

in

Uttarakhan

d with

INTACH

• Rejuvenation of small rivers in Ganga basin

• A GIS based inventory of small rivers has

been created along with district wise list of

small rivers

• Initiative added under MGNREGA for

Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan

Small River Rejuvenation

Pollutio

n

Abateme

nt

Ecolo

gy and

Flow

People

River

Conne

ct

Research,

Policy and

Knowledge

Managemen

t

Evidence Based Planning

Policy Formation

Implementation of Policy

People River Connect

• River rejuvenation is a

collaborative and an adaptive

process

• Prioritize River Conservation in

education and related IEC

activities in Schools and

Colleges

• Community engagement, linking

livelihood and conservation

Ganga Vichar Manch(GVM)

(Individual Citizens)

Ganga Task Force (GTF)

(Ex-Servicemen)

Ganga PraharisGanga Bal Praharis

Pravasi Ganga Praharis (WII)

Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangathan (NYKS)

(Ganga Doots)

National Service Scheme (NSS)

National Cadet Corps (NCC)

River trusts(Community

organizations)

Science Clubs(Vigyan Prashar)

Ganga Mitras(BHU)

District Ganga

Committee

SMCG

NMCG

GANGA UTSAV • organized on 4th Nov 2019 to

celebrate declaration of Ganga

as National river.

• A multiple activity program

engaging students and youth

including river cinemas, quiz,

storytelling, games on

ecological learnings, group

discussions etc.

• A 34 days long river rafting

expedition covering over

2500 KM of River Ganga

from Devprayag to

Gangasagar

• Biggest social outreach

programs through adventure

sports with an aim to

connect with lakhs of people

• Team comprises of team of

Armed Forces, NDRF, WII

Scientist and CSIR-IITR

Ganga Amantran

Great Ganga Run

• Marathon to create

awareness about river

Ganga

• Organized ‘The Great Ganga

Run in New Delhi on 15 th

September 2019

• Almost 20,000 people

participated in the marathon.

• Run for Women at Varanasi

on World Women’s Day

Total Participation

11,52,407

All Indian States and

Union Territories

participated

Enthusiastic participation

by all

5 basin states

More than 1 lakh schools

participated

1 million+

Ganga Quest Winners

Announcement Ceremony

• A cleanliness Drive organized

across 8 major ghats on the

river Yamuna at Delhi on 28th

June 2019.

• Continued regularly in

association with local

organization, NGO’s and

RWA’s.

• Regular cleaning by

community volunteers at

several places along Ganga

Cleanathon at the banks of river

Tree Plantation on World Environment Day

By NYKS

Pollutio

n

Abateme

nt

Ecolo

gy and

Flow

People

River

Conne

ct

Research,

Policy and

Knowledge

Managemen

t

Evidence Based Planning

Policy Formation

Implementation of Policy

• Manual Water Quality monitoring being conducted at 94

locations through respective SPCBs and data compiled at

CPCB.

• 44 Real Time Water Quality Monitoring Stations (RTWQMS)

installed on river Ganga.

• Additional 40 RTWQMS stations being set up.

• Further, the river water quality assessment carried out in 2018

indicates improvement in water quality trends as compared to

2017.

Water Quality Monitoring

47

Water Quality Monitoring

To create high

resolution

Digital Elevation

Model of better

than 0.5 m

accuracy, on 10

km of either side

of River Ganga

• Indicators of TYPE of

Contamination (Sewage and

Industrial)

• Ecosystem Services of the River

(nutrient recycling, fisheries etc)

• Define Health of the River /

Rejuvenation Efficiency

• Threat to Human Health (Antibiotic

Resistance Surge)

• Establishment of Ground Control Points

• Acquisition of Point Cloud Data UsingLidar Based Drone/UAV

• Data processing with help of high endcomputer, Point Cloud Classification,DTM and DEM Generation, FeatureExtraction of Springs and other features

• Field verification of Springs and datadelivery

• Hydro geologic and hydrologiccharacterization of the spring type,drainage, watershed of recharge area andother discharge information forsustainable spring shed management.

Spring Rejuvenation

Aquifer mapping with focus on Palaeo-channels in parts of

Ganga Yamuna Doab in Kaushambi-Kanpur stretch

?

A

BTracing the extension of

newly discovered paleo-

channel near Prayagraj and

3D mapping of aquifer system

in the middle Ganga plain

• Ganga River Basin Management Plan

recognizes the importance of interplay between

groundwater and surface water.

• A project in collaboration with CGWB and

National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI)

for aquifer mapping

• Development of plan for managing aquifer

recharge which may help in increasing the flow

of river Ganga during lean season.

Other Innovative

And Research

Based Projects

River Ecology & Environmental

Science

MP Vision/Objecti

ves vis-à-vis river

River Background

River Zone Delineation

Urban Flooding

LanduseZone, Use Premise

Development Control

Regulations

Ground Water Augmentation

River Water Extraction for

City Use

River Pollutants and Pollution Level

River Navigation Inland

Waterways

Most of the Ganga Basin

towns lack in River sensitive

approach with in their Master

Plans

Parameters for Urban

River Management found

within Master Plans

Mainstreaming River

Management in Current

Planning Framework

Generic Parameters

Environmental Parameters

Planning Parameters

Arth Ganga

Sustainable and

viable economic

development model

to integrate people in

the basin with Ganga

rejuvenation

River Ganga a

spiritual entity and a

economic resource

• Similar river rejuvenation programme for larger watersheds of the

country prioritizing socio-economic development alongside

ecological protection

• Yamuna, Periyar, Cauvery, Godavari, Narmada and Mahanadi

highlighted in the Presidential address

• Yamuna included in Namami Gange and projects at Himachal

Pradesh, Haryana (Sonipat, Panipat), Delhi and UP (Mathura,

Vrindavan, Agra, Ferojabad, Etawa and Prayagraj) are under

execution

• Rest five rivers are being taken up under National River

Conservation Plan (NRCP) by suitably strengthening and

restructuring on lines of NMCG.

• Tamil Nadu government launched special programme called

“Nadanthai Vazhi Cauvery” on the lines of “Namami Gange” to

clean and rejuvenate the river Cauvery.

• The sewerage hotspot analysis is already done along with talks on

biodiversity conservation with WII.

Thank

You

@cleanganganmcg

/cleanganganmcg

/National Mission for Clean Ganga

/namamigange

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