Leadership & Management

Manager vs. LeaderJack Welch (tyrannical leader of GE)

“It is dangerous to call someone a manager” “A manager controls rather than facilitates” “Complicates rather than simplifies” “Acts more like a governor than an accelerator”

Have the courage to lead rather than control!

Personal CharacteristicsLeader (provides strategic direction)

- emotionally connected (heart) - open-minded (mindfulness) - listens (communicator) - courage (to change/not to change) - insights into self (integrity)

Personal Characteristics (cont.)

Manager (maintains stability) - emotional distance - expert mind - talking - conformity - insight into organization

FUNDAMENTAL DIFFERENCES

LeadershipStrategic visionShape valuesInspire/motivateDevelop selfDirection (change)

ManagementPlanOrganizeDirectControlMaintain stabilityImprove efficiency

•SUCCESSFUL LEADERS MUST DO BOTH!

•EACH INDIVIDUAL HAS OWN MIX OF TALENTS.

Providing DirectionLeadership

Create vision and strategyKeeping eye on horizon Long-term future

ManagementPlanning and budgetingKeeping eye on bottom lineNear-term results

AlignmentLeadership

Creating shared value and cultureHelping others growReduce boundariesIntellectual freedomContribute to vision

ManagementOrganizing and staffingDirecting and controlling Create boundariesControlContribute to process

RelationshipsLeadership

Focus on people—inspiring and motivatingBased on personal powerActing as coach, facilitator, servant – influenceStimulate, challengeDynamic environmentEncourage creativity

ManagementFocusing on objects—producing/selling goods and servicesBased on position powerActing as bossForcing, pushing, coercingControlled environmentStifle creativity

OutcomesLeadership

Provides strategic visionCreates change, often radical change (or NOT!)Challenges status quoAdaptEffective and efficientfuture

ManagementMaintains stabilityPredictabilityOrderEfficiencyConsistently achieves short-term goals…

What “Followers” ExpectTraits desired in a leader:

- consistency - integrity - not defensive or egotistical (honesty) - open-minded - respectful - calm

Can handle a volatile situation and stay focused One who brings out the best in me…

Max De PreeLeadership as Art

Leadership: - A covenant/sacred relationship between

leader and follower. Built on trust, shared values, and goals. - Begins in the heart (respect for others)

- personal relations count more than formal structure

- covenant vs. contract

Leadership as Art (cont.)Leader as servant

- Define reality - “Thank you” - Help others achieve potential - Commitment to common good - Appreciate diversity in

followers

Leadership As ArtMax De Pree

Rights of Workers - By meeting needs of workers, meet needs of organization - Empowerment - Inclusion

Intimacy is at the heart of competence - Arises from translating personal and corporate values

into daily work practices

Is this true?– Parents?– Teachers?– Coaches?– Bosses?

Strategic DirectionVisionaryRadicalAchieving more than “shareholder profits”Bumper sticker (identity)

Evolution of LeadershipTheory

Leadership: how a leader thinks about self, followers, and organizations.

Micro leadership: specific situations, tasks, individuals

Macro leadership: fundamental ideals, values,

strategies that characterize large groups

Evolution of LeadershipStable versus chaotic dimensions refers to whether elements in the environment are dynamic

Stable—environment remains same over months and years

Chaotic—environmental elements shift abruptly

Figure 3-2 goes here

Leadership Framework Era 1, Macro Leadership in a Stable World

(1800’s)

Era 2, Micro Leadership in a Stable World (1910-1950’s)

Era 3, Micro Leadership in a Chaotic World (1960-1970’s)

Era 4, Macro Leadership in a Chaotic World (1980-1990’s)

Macro Leadership in a Stable World“Hero”

Run by single individual

Ties to friends and family

Resources controlled, outcomes predictable (?)

Sees “Big Picture” and inter-relationships

Decision-making process simpleThink 1800’s

Micro Leadership in a Stable World

“Rational Manager” Greater complexity: Hierarchy and Bureaucracy

Rules/SOP: Efficient/Effective Utilization of Resources

Incentives for Particular Tasks

Contingency Theories

Think WWI to 1950’s

Micro Leadership in a Chaotic World

“Team Leadership” Chaos/Shock, Loss of Control/Overwhelmed

Empowerment/Team Based Approach

Quest for Quality (in order to survive)

Still cling to illusion that you have control over

detailsThink 1960’s-1970’s

Macro Leadership in Chaotic World

“Facilitating Leadership” Give up all notion of controlling details

Work hard to gain positive influence

Create an environment where others id and solve

problems

Search for shared vision/strive to build a culture that supports shared vision

Embrace “servant” statusThink 1980’s to 1990’s

Questions?