April L. CentesMAT-PEaprilcentesnew@yahoo.com.ph

• An important component in the existence, survival and functioning of any group organization

• A vital to any organization because the efforts of the constituents from top management to rank and file need to be coordinated

• Leadership is a major way in which people change the mind of others and move organizations forward to accomplish identified goals

• Morale boosting an important function of leadership

• An act or behavior• Effect of interaction• The exercise of influence• Form of persuasion• Act of inducing compliance• A power relation• A focus of group processes• An instrument of goal achievement• The initiation of structure• A differentiated role• Personality and its effects• An attribute of a position• An art

• Effective leadership is a key factor in the life and success  of an organization

• Leadership transforms potential into reality

• Leadership is the ultimate act which brings to success all  of the potent potential that is in an organization and 

its people.

• Leaders propose new paradigms when old ones lose 

their effectiveness.

• McGrecor and Likert Leadership appears in social science literature with 3 meanings:

a. attribute of a position

b. characteristics of a person

c. category of behavior

• Katz and Kahn The important ingredient of organizational behavior is the influence

over and above compliance with the routine directives of the organization

• Kast and Rosenweig Leading, a central function of managing in any organization,

involves influencing the behavior of other people.

• Interaction-expectation

• Humanistic

• Exchange

• Theories X, Y, Z

Trait or great man theory•Leadership is innate •Follows the cliché “Like father, like son..

• Stogdill- leaders excel non-leaders• Kahn and Katz- employee oriented• Ghiselli- 4 traits: intelligence, social maturity and breadth, inner

motivation and achievement drive, human relations attitudes• Anselmo Lupdag- partly confirmed hypotheses of the study:

1. There is a positive relationship between leadership and abilities, personality characteristics and academic performance.

2. Gender is not a determinant leadership

3. Type of organization does not influence

4. males excels in mental abilities; females are superior in academic performance and selected personality traits

5. Student leaders are achievers.

• Nadler and Tushman- charismatic leadership

…. Envisioning

…. Energizing

…. Enabling

Environmental theory

•Leadership skills are required

•Leaders are made not born

Is a person with integrity who is committed to the organization and the people who work together to accomplish the organization’s mission ; this persons lead by example, communicateswithout ceasing, and shows care, concern andconsistency in all dealings.