STRIDYVSUYTNCACHTHBA

LCHSCQUCX

Tcgi:WilliamL.Shirer

DchGi:DipMinhTm

BchVitphthnh

NXBThngTinVTruynThng

Xutbn&tibn:2007,2008,2013,2016,2018

EBOOKVCTVEGROUP

Ebookminphti:www.Sachvui.Com

http://sachvui.com/

TCGI

WILLIAMLAWRENCESHIRER(1904-1993)cxemlmttrong

nhngphngvinngiMctingtmnht.ngquanstvtngthut

cucsngcanccdichQucxtnm1925,tipcnvicc

nh lnh oQuc x hng u, d khnmt s bi din vn caAdolf

HitlervihingQucx.ngcmtVienna trongkhicsp

nhporibayiLondonginhngtintckhngbkimduyt.ng

atinvHinghMunichvschimngTipKhccaqunc,ri

nBaLantngthutcuctncngcacvoncny.

KhichintranhbngntrnmttrnphaTynm1940,ngitheo

sauonqunxmlng tng thutvchin tranhsmstcac.

ngatinvccchindchcactncnganMch,NaUy,HLan,

BvPhp.Bi tng thutcangvHinghnhchinCompigne

ccanginhmtkittc.Sauchintranh,khitrlicthamdcc

phintoNurembergxtiphmchintranh,ngcnhnthycccu

lnhoca chnhquynqun scmt lnna,nhng lng trc

vnhmngnga.

WilliamL.Shirerlmttrongstsgiacphptipcnkhnggii

hnnhngtiliucactchthuc.ngbra5nm6thngrsot

hngngnhng ti liuny.Tnhngngunyvcng t thng tin t

thuthpcvchuutronghn4thpk,ngtnghpnncunsch:

StridyvsuytncachThBa (TheRiseandFallof theThird

Reich), n nay vn c xem l thin s liu kinh in ca mt trong

nhngthikhihngnhttronglchsnhnloi.SauThchinII,ng

ctraotngLegiondHonneur(Bcubitinh),hunchngcaoqu

nhtcaNhncPhp.

Sweden

Reichs-kommissariat

Norwegen

Iceland(Britishoccupied)

FaroeIslands(Britishoccupied)

Ireland UnitedKingdom

Denmark

FinlandFinnishMilitaryAdmin.

SovietUnionReichs-kommissariatOstland

UnderMilitaryAdministration

GermanReich

GeneralGovermentBohemia

Moravia

Hungary

Slovakia

Reichs-kommissariatUkraine

Romania

Bulgaria

Inde-pendentStateofCroatia

UnderMilitaryAdmin.

Montenegro(Italy)

Albania(Italy)

ItalianMilitaryAdmin.

RKNieder-

landeUnderMilitaryAdmin.

Zoneoccupe(UnderMilitaryAdmin.)

Zonelibre

VichyFrance

MonacoAndorra

Spain

Portugal

TangierMorocco(Spain)Morocco

(VichyFrance)Algeria(VichyFrance)Tunisia(VichyFrance)

Malta(Britain)

Italy

SanMarinoVaticanCity

Turkey

Dodecanese(Italy)

Cyprus(Britain)Trans-Jordan

(Britain)SaudiArabia

Iraq(Br.-oc.)

Syria(FreeFrance)

(FromJuly1941)

EuropeattheheightofGermanexpansion,1941-1942

NaziGermany*AreasunderGermanoccupationGermanallies*,co-belligerents,andpuppetstates*Nominallyunoccupied

NeutralcountriesIncludingannexedandoccupiedterritories

*

RetakenduringSoviet1941-1942winter-offensive

Allied-heldareas

TNRINGVTCBIT

Aachen:thnhphminTrungTycac,gnbingiicviB

vHLan.

Abbeville: thnhphminTyBcncPhp,gncasngSomme,

cchbbinManche12km,phaNamEobinDover.

Abyssinia:vngqucAbyssinia,hinnaylncEthiopia.

Alexander:Alexanderi(356-323trcCN),vuancMacedonia

(min TrungNamBn o Balkans), thn tnh nhiu lnh th by gi l

Syria,AiCp,ThNhK,Iran,Iraq,Afghanistan,Pakistanchonmin

Tyn.

Alexandria:thnhphlnthnhvlcngbinquantrngnhtca

AiCp,nmvenbaTrungHi,doAlexanderithnhlp.

Alsace-Lorraine: vngt lch sngBcncPhp,ngncch

vicphangbisngRhinev tipgipviBphaBc,gm

vngAlsacephangvvngLorrainephaBc.Trongqukh,Alsace-

LorrainethngbPhpvcthaynhauchim,sauChintranhPhp-Ph

thucchc(1871),sauThchinIcHocVersaillesgiaocho

Php(1918),bQucxspnhp(1940),cuicngsauThchinIIc

trvchoPhp.

Antwerp:tnhvthnhphthphminBcncB.

Ardennes:vngrngvigiaBvLuxembourg,mtphnkodi

voncPhp.

Arkhangelsk:cngbinvthtrnminBcncNga,nmtrnsng

BcDvina,cchbinTrnggn50km.

Arnhem:thnhphminngHLan,nmdchlusngRhine.

Attolico:BernardoAttolico(1880-1942),istic.

Auchinleck:SirClaudeJohnEyreAuchinleck(1884-1981),Thngch

caAnh,TlnhlclngngminhNaUy(1940),Tlnhlclng

ngminhTrungng(1941),TlnhQunin(1943).

Auschwitz:tritptrungcacgnthtrnOwicim,cchthnh

phCracowcaBaLankhong60kmvhngTyNam.

o: lchscao linquanmt thitnc.qucLaM thn

thnhcangict th tiVienna,cng l thcao.Trong

giaion1438-1806 (tr thigianngn1742-1745),Hong tcHabsburg

gcongtrtrnngaivngcaqucLaMthnthnh,vthquc

ny cn c gi l qucHabsburg. Nm 1804, quco c

thnh lp.Tronggiaion1867-1918,ovHungary thohip thnh lp

quco-Hungary trong ngic chim v th quan trng. Nm

1879,haichcvo-HungarykHipcLinminh.SauThchin

I,othnhlpncCnghoLinbang.

Bach-Zelewski:ErichvondemBach-Zelewski(1899-1972),itng

S.S.,chhuytonblclngcnhstvS.S.Silesia(1937),thchin

nhiuhotngnp,thtiuvtchthugiasnBelarus,BaLan,Lin

X,lnhn10nmtvonm1951vsaulithmn10nmtna

vonm1961,uvtimstchnhtr,quaitrongt.

Badoglio:PietroBadoglio(1871-1956),ThammutrngQuni,

cvuaVictorEmmanuelTamclmThtngsaukhiMussolinib

lt (1943-1944), k vn bn u hngngminh, ri tuyn chin vi

c.

Baku:thnhphcngbnbTycabinCaspi,gnccmduvng

bingiiIran,vthccngnghiphoduphttrin,vothiThchinII

thuc LinX, hin gi l th caAzerbaijan. Trung tmBaku c

cngnhnlDisnVnhoThgii.

Balkans: bn o nmngNamchuu, bamt gip bin: pha

nggipbinen,phaNamgipaTrungHivphaTygipbin

Adriatic v bin Ionian.Vo thi k ny bao gm:NamT,Albania,Hy

Lp,Rumania,BulgariavphnThNhKphachuu.BnoBalkans

lcangTrunguvnguthngraaTrungHi,vthctm

quantrngva-chnhtr.

Bastogne: th trn nh min ng Nam nc B, gn bin gii vi

Luxembourg.

Batum (hocBatumi,Batoum,Batumi): thnhphnmvenbng

cabinen,stranhgiiphaBccaThNhK,thucLinX,hin

githucncGruzia.VltrungtmvnchuyndutBaku,cBatum

vBakuucv trchinlcquantrngvlumigytranhginh

nhhngtrongThchinII.

Bavaria: (tngctheotingclBayern):bangtncngphaNam

caCnghoLinbangchinnay,ngthphMunich,tnm1871

lmtvngqucnmtrongchc.SauThchinI,Bavarialbang

nmtrongCnghoc.Lcy,Bavariacxuhngcngquytmun

tch rakhic,mtphn ldonhngntvnho rtc thsovic

ncc.

BiDoThi:chnghathchvingiDoThivldochngDo

ThigiohocchngchngtcDoThi.

BchNga (tingNga:, phin m tingAnh:BelayaRus):

nhngvngtlchsngu,phaTyncNga,chyunmtrong

Ba Lan, hin gi tng ng vi nc Belarus, mt phn nh Ukraine,

Slovakia,minngBaLanvminTyncNga.

BolonKapp(tingc:KappPutsch):xyrangy13thng3nm

1920doWolfgangKappthuccnhHuchxng,cmtphnqun

i,phebo thchnghaqucgiavbohongngh.Chnhphhp

phpphichytrnkhithnhph,KapptxnglThtngvthnhlp

Chnhquynlmthi.Ccnghiponchngi,kuginhcngton

quc,c12 triucngnhncngnhiucngchchngng, lmcho

nhiudchvin,nc,kht,vinthngbct.Cucbolonsp

saubnngy.Nhngccnghiponrayuschvichnhquynvchnh

quynkhnggiliha.CngnhncnhTgycucnidyRuhr(ting

c:Ruhraufstand).uthng4nm1920,QunicngLclngT

donp,hngnghnngibgit,gn500ngibnphenpcngb

cht.Phn lnngi thamgia2 cucbo loncnx.Kappquai

nm1922khiangtrongtchxtx.

BolonNhhngBia(tingAnh:BeerHallPutsch):cngms

gia gi bin c xy ra nh hng biaBuergerbrukeller, ngoi Munich

ngy8thng11nm1923,khiHitlercmucucochnhtuynblt

chnhquynBavarialnchnhquynTrungng,nhngthtbi.

Bene:EdvardBene(1884-1948):TngthngTipKhc(1938-1948),

cthigianluvongAnh(1940-1945).

Beck: Jsef Beck (1894-1944), B trngNgoi giao Ba Lan (1932-

1939).

Beck: Ludwig Beck (1880-1944), i tng cp cao ca c, Tham

mu trng Lc qun (1935-1938), t chc v phn i quyt nh xm

chimTipKhccaHitlervchcticaQucx,cclnho

nhmmmuchngHitler (1942),h trmmumstHitlerngy20

thng7nm1944,cchnhlQuctrngnuthnhcng,nhnlnh

phittnhngsaulibsthi.

Bendlerstrasse:cngha lPhBendler,khuchhuycaQuni

cgmTnghnhdinhDnqunvnhiudoanhtri,cngltnghnh

dinhcanhmmmumstHitlerngy20thng7nm1944,vlni

Fromm ra lnh hnh quyt nm ngi ch cht k c Stauffenberg trong

nhmmmu,sauchintranhcitnthnhStauffenbergstrae(Ph

Stauffenberg), cn tonhTnghnhdinhcbin thnhNh lunim

phongtrochngHitler.

Berchtesgaden: ngi lng vng niAlpsminngNamncc,

nmtrongbangBavaria,gnbingiic-o,nicbitthnghdng

caHitlermangtnBerghof(hinbphhu).

Bernadotte:BtcFolkeBernadotte(1895-1948),HitrngHng

o sinh namThuin,PhCh tchHiCh thp Thuin, lm

trunggian traoi tbinhgia ccnc thamchinv sau lm trung

gianchmdtThchinII.

Bessarabia(hocBessarabiya):vngtngNamchuu,xakia

cspnhptqucOttomanvoqucNga,khiqucNgatan

rsauThchinIthcspnhpvoRumania.Hingitngngvi

ncCnghoMoldova,ngoi trvngminBcvminNamthucv

Ukraine.

Best:WernerBest (1903-1989),i tngS.S.,Ch tchHnh chnh

trong Ban Qun qun Php (1940-1942), Ton quyn an Mch (1942-

1945),nm1948btonanMchtuynnthnh,nhngcnx.

BinBaltic: binnmvphangBccachuu,xungquanh l

Thu in, Phn Lan, c, Ba Lan, Nga Khi ni n cc nc vng

BalticlchccncnhgmPhnLan,Estonia,LatviavLithuanianm

dcbNam,lmctiutranhginhnhhngcaccncln.

BinBc:mtnhnhcaiTyDng,nmgiabngcaAnh

qucvlcachuu.BinManchenibinBcviiTyDng

phaNam.

BinCaspi:bintronglca,nmgiachuvchuu(Nga),pha

ngvngCaucasus,nicnhiumdu.

Binen:bintronglca,nmgiangNamchuuvTiu,

phaBcvnggipNga,UkrainevGeorgia,phaTygipRumaniav

Bulgaria,cbNamlThNhK.

Bismarck:QuncngOttovonBismarck(1815-1898),ngithnhlp

chThHai,cgichnhthclchcmnglThtng

utin(1867-1890).

Blomberg:WernerEduardFritzvonBlomberg(1878-1946),Btrng

Qucphngc(1933-1938),BtrngChintranhkimTngThammu

trngQun lc (1935-1938),Thngchu tindi thiHitler (1936),

lmnhnchngtrongTonNuremberg.

Blum: Lon Blum (1872-1950), Th tng Php (1936-1937, 1938,

1946-1947),bchVichybtriaraxtxnhngnhctitbin

hkhinQucxlngtng,angvotritptrung.ngcqunM

giicu(1945),rilmThtngChnhphlmthi.

Blumentritt: Gnther Blumentritt (1897-1967), Thng tng (1941)

cac,ThammutrngiQunonThTnhLinX(1940),

Thammu phHnh qunLc qun (1942), Thammu trngMt trn

MinTyvTponqunD(1944),TlnhTponqunBlumentritt

trnMttrnphaTy(1945),sauchintranhthamgiavicxydngQun

icmi.

Bock:FedorvonBock(1880-1945),Thngch(1940)cac,Tlnh

TponqunBcnhBaLan(1939),TlnhTponqunBnhqua

HLan,BvLuxembourg(1940),TlnhTponqunBchunbb

lnncAnh,TlnhTponqunTrungtmnhMoscow(1941),ch

huytonmttrnminNamLinX(1942),thitmngvtrngbomca

ngminh.

Boeselager:Nam tcGeorgvonBoeselager (1915-1944),i t ca

c(1943),thamgiavophongtrochngiHitler.

Boetticher: Friedrich von Boetticher (1881-1967), Trung tng ca

c,TyvinQunstiM(1933-1941).

BohemiavMoravia(tngclBhmenvMhren):sauThchinI

lphntcaTipKhc,nnm1939lXBohcacdiquyn

BoqucdoHitlerbnhim.HinBohemia chimmtphnba lnh th

CnghoScvphaTy,vMoravialphntphangcaCngho

Sc.

Bohle: ErnstWilhelmBohle (1903-1960), Trng banT chcNc

ngoingQucx(1933-1945),ThtrngNgoigiao(1937-1945),i

tngS.S.(1943),sauThchinIIbngiamlng5nmricxon.

Bonhoeffer:DietrichBonhoeffer (1906-1945),Mc sGio hi Phc

m,thamgiavommuchngHitler,bMtvcbt(1943)rixt

hnh.

Bonnet: Georges-tienne Bonnet (1889-1973), B trng Ngoi giao

Php(1938-1939),nghchnhschxoaduQucx,cngnghch

caVichy(1939).SauThchinII,bavodincanphmchintranh

nhngkhngcchngclunti.

Bormann:MartinBormann(1900-1945?),itngS.S.,Bthng

Qucx,ChnhVnphngPhThtngvThkringcaHitler.B

To nNuremberg tuyn t hnh vngmt v chi tit ca ci cht khng

crrng,thithctmthynm1972.

BosporusvDardanelles:haieobinThNhKtongthng

thng tBinennaTrungHi, v th c tmquan trngv a-

chnhtr:tuthuyncaBulgaria,Rumania,Ukraine,LinXmunira

aTrungHiphiiquahaieobinny.

Boulogne:thnhphminBcncPhp,bnbbinManche,cch

Palais30kmvphaNamtheongchimbay.

BTngThammuQunlc:xemQunic.

Bradley:OmarNelsonBradley (1893-1981),Thng tng (1950) ca

M,TlnhQunonIIchuPhi(1943),chhuybaqunonb

lnbibinNormandy,TlnhTponqunThMiHaigm900.000

ngi(1944).

Brandenburg: Vng quc thuc ch c nm quanh Berlin, t

nm1618hpviPhtrthnhVngqucBrandenburg-Ph.

Bratislava: trongThchin II thucTipKhc,hingi l thv

thnh ph ln nht caSlovakia khi tch ra khiTipKhc, nmbn b

sngDanube,gnthnhphViennacao.

Brauchitsch:WalthervonBrauchitsch(1881-1948),TlnhLcqun

c(1938-1941),bHitlercchchcvchindchnhLinXthtbiv

cngdoautim,sauThchinIIbtruytltinhnchintranh,nhng

quaitrckhibxtx.

Brest:thnhphimccTycaPhp,niungphaNamca

BinManche,lcngbinvcnchiqunquantrng.

Bruening:TinsHeinrichBrning(1885-1970),ChtchngTrung

dungCnggio,ThtngCnghoc(1930-1932).

Bhler:TinsJosefBhler(1904-1948),ThiutngS.S.(1940),Ph

TonquynBaLan,cpdicaTonquynHansFrank,candvovic

tnstngiDoThi,bBaLanxthnh.

Burgdorf:Wilhelm Burgdorf (1895-1945), i tng Lc qun c,

TrngPhngNhn vinLc qun (1944), thi hnh vic bc tRommel

(1944),ttBerlinkhiqunNgatinvothnhphny.

Busch:ErnstBusch(1885-1945),Thngch(1943)cac,phcv

diquynListkhinhBaLan(1939),TlnhiQunonThMi

SunhPhp(1940)rinhquaLinX,baovyLeningrad(1941),T

lnhTponqunTrungtm(1943-1944)ribcchchcvModelthay

th, c gi li lm T lnh Tp on qun Ty Bc (thng 3 nm

1945),quaitrongtritbinhAnh.

Bc tngTy: cn c gi l Phng tuyn Siegfried, gm 18.000

boong-kecngchngngivt,hochnxethitgipdocxymin

BcncPhp,ditrn630km,btutKlevebingiic-HLan,

chydctheobingiicaqucccchonWeilamRheinbin

giic-ThyS.

Cadogan: Alexander George Montagu Cadogan, Th trng Thng

trcNgoigiaoAnh(1938-1945).

Caen:thnhphminBcncPhp,cchbbinNormandykhong

10kmvphaNam.

Caesar: Gaius Julius Caesar (100-44 trc CN), tng lnh v chnh

khch,lpnhiuchincnghinhch,tonntngchohthngchnhtr

caqucLaM.Nmchcvchuynchsutitrongkhitrc,

chcvnychcbnhim6thngtrongthikkhncp.

Calais:xemPas-de-Calais.

Canaris:WilhelmFranzCanaris (1887-1945),c cp cao (1940)

cac,GimcCcQunbocaBChhuyTicaoQun lcc

(1935-1944),bMtvcxtttuntrckhiThchinIIktthc.

Canary:qunotrniTyDngngoikhiMaroc,bbinTy

Bc chuPhi, di quynTyBanNha, hin l vng t tr caTyBan

Nha.

Caou(tingc:Reichskommissar-Caouch):chcvidin

ncciuhnhlnhthtmchimhocspnhp.TrongThchin

II,ctCaoutrongncvvngspnhp:Saargebiet,Sudetenland

vVienna,minTy:B,HLanvNaUy,LinX:OstlandvUkraine.

CapVerde:qunotrniTyDngngoikhiSenegal,bbin

TyPhi,diquynBoNha,hinlncCnghoCapVerde.

Caucasus (hoc Caucasia): vng ni i c dy ni Caucasus cc

ngNamchuuvTyNamchu,nmgiabinenvbinCaspi,

gmccnchinnay lGeorgia,ArmeniavAzerbaijancngmtphn

minNamncNga.

CnhHu:cchyugmcquni,giidoanhnghip,cng

nghip,ngnhng,nhmbohongQucxcngthuccnhHu,vc

ttngccoannnikhicgilccHu.

CnhT:cchyugmcngCngsn,ngDnchXhi,

LinonSpartakist,chnhquynXVitikhingitheoCngsn

vMarxitcgilccT.

Chamberlain: Arthur Neville Chamberlain (1869-1940), Th tng

Anh(1937-1940).

Chamberlain: Houston Stewart Chamberlain (1855-1927), nh kho

lunngicgcAnh,cbitnquanhngtcphmvchngtcv

chnghabiDoThi,tnvinhngic.Ttngvsthunchng

dntccanggynhhngmnhmnttngcaHitlervchng

tc.

CharlesXII:(1682-1718),vuacaThuin,dnqunxmlngnc

Nga, b Pyotri nh bi (1709).Do ,Thuin t v th cng

qucbxungdcrrt,mtnhiutai,tochichoNgavnln.

Cherbourg:thnhphminBcncPhp,nmdcbbinManche,

ca sngDivette, cch b binNormandy khong 100 km v phaTy

Bc.

Chin tranhBaminm (tingAnh:ThirtyYearsWar):mt lot

trnchintronggiaion1618-1648,dinratrnnhnglnhthcangi

c.Khiu,cucchinchyudatrnxungttngiogiaccphe

nhmCnggiovTinlnhtrongPhongtroCicch.Dnd,cucchin

lanrnggiamtbnlnhnghongthnngicvbnkiachyul

Thu in v Php mun hn ch quyn lc ca quc La M Thn

thnh.Tcucchinny,Thuinchimcnhiulnhthcangi

c.ChintranhBaminmlmttrongnhngcucchingytnph

nngnnhttronglchschuu.

Chin tranhBy nm (tingAnh: SevenYearsWar): din ra trong

giai on1756-1763,gmmtbn lPhdi s lnhocaFriedrich

iAnhvCngqucHanover,bnkialo,CngqucSaxony,Php,

Nga,ThuinvTyBanNha.Saucucchin,Phtrlilnchng

mnhchuunhvnmay tcichtcaNHongElizabethca

Nga.

Chin tranh sm st (theo ngha ting c: Blitzkrieg): chin thut

nhthitgiptnglcdisymtrcamybaynhmthntcxuyn

thngphngtuyncachv tip tc tincng,bbinh theosau lm

cngvictruyqutvbnhnhvngmichimc.

Christian(1870-1947):vuaChristianXcaanMch(1912-1947)v

VuacaIceland(1918-1944),anhtraicavuaHaakon,uhngcngy

9thng4nm1940.

Chng trnhKinh t-XhiMi (tingAnh:NewDeal Program):

ChngtrnhdoTngthngMRooseveltthchintronggiaion1933-

1938nhmiphvitnhtrngsuythoikinht:cithinhthngngn

hngvchngkhon,chovaymuanh,toviclmquaccdncng

trnhxydngcngch,trngrngChngtrnhxydngtcaFritz

TodtvAlbertSpeerdiquynHitlercngcsosnhviChngtrnh

Kinht-XhiMicaRoosevelt.Theonhgichung,ChngtrnhKinh

t-XhiMi tht bi trongvicphchinnkinh t, vkhin choNh

nccanthipqusuvocucsngcangidn.

Chvalkovsky: Frantiek Chvalkovsky (1885-1945), B trng Ngoi

giaoTipKhckvobnuhngcaTipKhccngviTng thng

Hcha, i din choXBohBohemia vMoravia tic, thitmng

trongmtcucthbomcangminh.

Chthpngoc(hocchvn):Cnphnbithaihnhdngnguyn

thuxuthintthixaxa,cntbntrnnmnganghngvphi()nhdng trongngio, Iran,Php,PhnLanhocntbn trnnm

nganghngv tri () nhdng trongPht gio, LaM,TrungHoathiHn,Panama,hocBaLansdngchaith.Ringchthpngoc

caQucxcntbntrnnmnghingldo()quaymtgc45.

Ciano:GianGaleazzoCiano(1903-1944),conrcaBenitoMussolini,

B trngNgoigiaoca(1936-1943),is tiTo thnhVatican

(1943),bnhmnghMussolinisthivtiphnbi.

Clemenceau:GeorgesClemenceau(1841-1929),ThtngPhp,cng

viMvAnhsonthoHocVersaillessauThchinI.

Corbin:CharlesCorbin,isPhptiAnh(1933-1940).

Coulondre:RobertCoulondre(1885-1959),isPhptic(1938-

1939).

Cng ho c: ch trong giai on 1919-1933 vi Hin php

Weimarlmcs,nnchcgibngtnthngdnglCngho

Weimar.VHocVersailles,dintchchcthn540.000km

cnlihn468.000kmcaCnghoc.Cnbit:tuythchkhchn,

nnCnghovnctncchnhthclDeutschesReich(chc),

cngltnchnhthccachctrcnm1919.

Cracow (tngc theo tingBaLan lCracow): thnhph ln thhai

caBaLan,nmbnbsngWistla.

Crimea:bnophangNamUkraine,cnivilcaquaeo

tPerekop.HincbangCnghottrCrimeathucUkraine,binphp

nhpthnhnccnghottrCrimeathuclinbangNga.

Cripps:RichardStaffordCripps(1889-1952),isAnh tiLinX

(1940-1942).

Daladier:douardDaladier(1884-1970):ThtngPhptrongbagiai

on(1933,1934,1938-1940),thamgiakktHipcMunich.

Dalmatia:ditnmdcbbinAdriatic,ngNamchuu,hin

nayphnlnthucvncCroatia.

Daluege:KurtDaluege(1897-1946),itngcpcaocaS.S.(1942),

B trng Ni v bang Ph (1933), thay th Heydrich lm Ton quyn

BohemiavMoravia,btontiphmchintranhTipKhcxt.

Danzig (tn gc l Gdask): thnh ph min Bc Ba Lan, ni hai

nhnhsngWistlachyqua, trongthiTrungcbngic,Ph(cng

dongiccaitr)vBaLanchimilylinhiuln,sauThchinI

cHocVersaillesquynhdiquynkimsotcaHiQuclin

theothchThnhphTdo,hinnaythucBaLan.

Darr:RichardWaltherDarr(1895-1953),itngS.S.,Btrng

LngNng(1933-1942),bTonNurembergtuyn7nmt,ctrt

donm1950.

Dnqun:quniThaythhayquniTrb,llclnggm

tnbinhvachunluynvmtsbinhslntui,mnhnnhimv

canhgc,gignanninhnia.

de Valera: Eamon de Valera (1882-1975), Th tng Ireland trong

nhiugiaiontnm1932n1959vlTngthngIrelandtronggiai

on1959-1973.

Diels: Rudolf Diels (1900-1957), Ch huy trngMt v c (1933-

1934), lin quan n v chy to nhNgh vin (1933), khng b To n

NurembergtruytnhngcgiralmchngchophinxGoering.

Dietl:EduardDietl(1890-1944),i tngcpCaocac,Tlnh

Son3SnccnhNaUy,sauthamgianhPhnLanvng

u,btnnmybay.

Dietrich: Josef Sepp Dietrich (1892-1966), i tng cp Cao

Waffen-S.S., T lnh S on 1 Thit gip S.S. trnmt trn pha ng

(1941),TlnhiQunonThSuThitgipS.S.,trnmttrnmin

Ty(1944),bn25nmtv tisthi tbinhM,c tr tdonm

1956nhngbthm19thngtvthamgiavovThanhtrngmmu

ngy30thng6nm1934.

Dietrich:OttoDietrich (1887-1952), Trng banBo chngQuc

x,itngDanhdS.S.,(1941),sauThchinIIbn7nmt,c

trtdonm1950.

Dohnanyi: Hans von Dohnanyi (1902-1945), Tin s Lut (1925),

cOsteravoQunbodiquynCanaris, linquannmmu

mstHitler(1943),bMtvcbt(1943)rixthnh.

Dollfuss:EngelbertDollfuss(1892-1934),Thtngo(1932-1934),

bQucxomsttrongmtvochnhht.

Donets: sng di 1.020 km minngUkraine v TyNam nc

Nga,chyvosngDon,csdngvnchuynthanvnhiuhng

hokhc.Vo thiny, luvc sngDonets lvng tp trung60%cng

nghipcaLinX.

Dortmund:thnhphminTrungTycac,ltrungtmcavng

hmmvcngnghipRuhr.

Dostler: Anton Dostler (1891-1945), T lnh Qun on LXXV ca

c,bMxthnhvtiralnhxtbitkchM.Tuynhin,cthng

tinmuthunvvn:DostlerkhaibitkchMkhngmcngphcm

gi dng lm dn , Dostler thu hi lnh x t a ra nhng Tng

Kesselring(cptrntrctipcaDostler)ralnhvnxtbitkchM.Do

chngckhng r rngvvcuicngDostlerkhai rngmnhkhng

trctipralnhmchchuynlnhcacptrnxungcpdi,nnpha

cngtvchuyngiaphplutMnghmintDostlerribocov

thWashington.Hchiprng:Khithiuchngctheochun

mc, linicchpnhnlchngctrcphinto.Ngicon

camtchuyngiaphplutthamdvovnkrngchacangcm

thyrtbtrtvvny.

Dover:xemPas-de-Calais.

Doenitz:KarlDoenitz (1891-1980),mang qun hmThu s c

tuykhngphilngvinQucx,TlnhbinhchngtungmriT

lnhHiqunc(1943-1945),cHitlercgichcvTngthng

ckimT lnhTicaoQun lc trongTuyncoChnh tr,bTon

Nurembergtuyn10nmtvticchintranhcatungmc,nhng

bnngynhiutranhcivchngcchothytungmAnhvMcng

cnhnghnhngtngtnhtungmc.

Dresden: thnh phminTrungBc cac, bn b sngElbe, th

phcabangSachsen,gnbingiigiacvCnghoSchingi.

Drexler: Anton Drexler (1884-1942), cng vi Gottfried Feder v

DietrichEckartthnhlpngLaongc,tinthncangQucx,

cHitler a ln chcCh tchDanh d cangm khng c thc

quyn.

Dulles:AllenWelshDulles(1893-1969),TrngVnphngTnhbo

Chin lc(OfficeofStrategicServicesOSS) tiThuS (1942-1945).

OSS l tin thn caC quanTnh bo Trung ng (Central Intelligence

AgencyCIA),doDulleslmGimctronggiaion1953-1961.

Dunkirk(tngctheotingPhplDunkerque):thnhphcngbnb

binMancheminCcBccaPhp.

ngCngsnc:mttrongnhngngquantrngtrongthik

1918-1933, c thnh lp sau Th chin I do nh hng t Cchmng

1917Nga.

ngDnchc: c thnh lp trong thi k u caCng ho

c,ckhuynhhngdnch,nghnnCngho,thamgiaChnhph

linhiputincaCnghocdongDnchXhilnho.

ngDnchXhic:ng luinhtc(thnh lpnm

1863),cxuhngxhichnghanho,nghnndnch,dich

Cng ho c thng l ng ng u trong Ngh vin, thnh lp

ChnhphlinhiputincaCnghoc.

ng Lao ng c: c Anton Drexler v Karl Harrer thnh lp

ngy5thng1nm1919.tovbngoilmtngln,msng

vincmts500.Hitlergianhpvimsngvinl555.n

ngy24thng2nm1920,ngcithnhngQucx.

ng Nhn dn c: c thnh lp sau Th chin I, do Gustav

Stresemannlnho,ngvpheilpviChnhphlinhiputin

caCnghoc,xungdcsaukhiStresemannquai(1929).

ngNhndnQucgiac:thngngvpheilptrongNgh

vindichCnghoc,cgiiachvcngnghipngh,

c xu hng bo th, chng nnCng ho, khi u theo phe bo hong

nhngdndngtheophequcgia.ChtchlAlfredHugenberggianhp

NiccHitlernm1933.

ngQucx:tnc:NationalsozialistischeDeutscheArbeiterpartei

(ngLaongQucgiaXhiChnghac),gittlNazi(tingVit

gitt theocchtngtlQucx).LnhtlHitler,PhLnhtl

RudolfHess,ktiplMartinBormann.

Trung ng l cpReich ( ch), c chc vReichsleiter, nhng

ngi ny (khong 20 ngi) tp hp thnh c quan gi l Reichsleitung

(BChhuych,tngtnhBChnhtr).Tiaphng,tchc

ngcchiarathnhchibtngngviccnvhnhchnh:Gaue:

cp vng, ng u l Gauleiter (tng t nh X u), Kreis: cp tnh

(tng t B th tnh u), Ort: cp th x hoc qun, Block tng ng

phng,Zelletngngtdnph.Trnlthuyt,Bthnguchl

idincangQucxcchcnngiuphihotngcangti

a phngv c vn cho chnh quyn a phng.Nhng trn thc t

ngu,nhtlXu,cquynhnhbaotrmmilnhvciuhnhti

aphng.

ng Trung dung c: tn gi thng thng l ng Trung dung

Cnggio,cngungctgiathkXIX,sauThchinIthamgiaChnh

phlinhiputincaCnghocdongDnchXhilnho,

nm1929HeinrichBrueningnmquynthlnhcangtrongNghvin.

iqunon:xemnvlcqun.

iqunonkhngqun:xemnvkhngqun.

chc (ting c: Deutsches Reich): c Bismarck thnh lp

nm1871saukhi thngnhtccvngqucvcngqucdongic

cai tr, chm dt nm 1918 khi Hong Wilhelm II thoi v. Mc d

Bismarckrtmongmun,ngvnkhngthbaoqutlnhthcgil

octrongchc.DeutschesReichltnchnhthcctiptc

sdngchoCnghoc(1919-1933)vnccdichQucx

(1933-1945).

chThNht:nimgnchoqucLaMthnthnh.

chThHai(1871-1918):nimgnchochcdoBismarck

thnhlp.

chThBa:nccdichQucxdoHitlerthnhlp.Cc

th ch chnh c lit k di y (Du* ch ngi cnu tn trong

TuyncoChnhtrcaHitler):

Nguynthqucgia:LnhtvThtngch:AdolfHitler,tipnhimlTngthngKarlDoenitzvThtngGoebbelsVnphngLnht:PhilipBouhlerVnphngng:MartinBormannBtrngng:MartinBormann*VnphngTngthng:OttoMeissner(bibnm1934)VnphngThtngch:HansLammersHingNiccCmt:KonstantinvonNeurath

Cccquanchcht:CquanKhochBnnm:BtrngcmnhTonquyn

HermannGoeringCquanKinhtChintranh:BtrngcmnhTonquynHjalmarSchachtCquanSdngLaong:BtrngcmnhTonquynFritzSauckelcmnhTonquynHnhchnh:HeinrichHimmlerNgn hng Nh nc: Thng c Hjalmar Schacht, WaltherFunkCquanThanhninchCquanKhobcchTngThanhtrachLnhochctrchPhn:GertrudScholtz-KlinkLnhochctrchThthao:HansvonTschammerundOstenMttrnLaongc:TinsRobertLey

Ccbquantrng:Ngoigiao:KonstantinvonNeurath, JoachimvonRibbentrop,LutzGrafSchwerinvonKrosigk,Seyss-Inquart*Niv:WilhelmFrick,HeinrichHimmler,PaulGiesler*Qucphng(itnthnhBChintranhnm1935):WernervonBlomberg.Hitler bi bBChin tranh nm1938 ri tilpnm1945vcKarlDoenitz*lmBtrng.Thng tin v Tuyn truyn: Joseph Goebbels, WernerNaumann*Hngkhng:HermannGoeringKinht:KarlSchmitt,HjalmarSchacht,WaltherFunk,WaltherFunk*Tichnh:SchwerinvonKrosigk*KhtivVtrang:FritzTodt,AlbertSpeer,Karl-OttoSaur*

Tphp:OttoThierack*LngNng:WaltherDarr,HerbertErnstBacke*Cngnghip:WalterFunkQucvkhanh*:KonstantinvonNeurath,HansFrank,HjalmarSchacht,ArthurSeyss-Inquart

Lnhthchimng:ThhinTnhOstmark(o):ArthurSeyss-InquartBoqucBohemiavMoravia:KonstantinvonNeurathChtchHingHnhchnhTipKhc:KonradHenleinTonquynBaLan:HansFrankVnphngQunqunPhp:Carl-HeinrichvonStuelpnagelVn phng Qun qun B & bc Php: Alexander vonFalkenhausenCaouHLan:ArthurSeyss-InquartCaouNaUy:JosefTerbovenBtrngLnhthphang:AlfredRosenberg

Cquanlpphp:Nghvin(Reichstag),Chtch:HermannGoeringHi ng Bang (Reichsrat, tng t Thng vin, b gii tnvonm1934).

quc La M thn thnh (800-1806) (ting Anh: Holy Roman

Empire):doGiohongLeoIIIthnhlpvcCharlemagnelmHong.

VicnydatrntnglmsngliqucLaMminTysuytn

tthkVI,nhmtoraitrngviqucByzantinelcbygiang

kimsotqucLaMminng.Lnh thcaqucLaM thn

thnh thayi theo tng thik, tu thucvo tim lcqunsvchnh

schngoigiao.ThiccthnhvokhongtthkXInthkXIII,

qucny tri xuyn sut tbinBcxungnaTrungHi, baogm

lnhthrnglncaccnchingi:c,o,ThuS,minngnc

Php,B,HLan,minTyBaLan,CnghoSc v na phn trn ca

nc.Tuynhin,nthkXVIvthkXVII,cbitltrongChin

tranhBaminm,qucLaMthnthnhsuyyunhiu,dodngh

Habsburg trv,ng thphVienna.Lcny,Hongch l tcv

tngtrngvquynlcthtsldocclnhthvcngqucthnhvin

nmgi.SaukhiqucLaMthnthnhbgiitn(ngvicuchm

bimcaVoltairemtthctrng:Khngphithnthnh,khngphi

LaM,mcngkhngphilquc),ngicvncnvngtngv

mtqucnitipsauny.

ngPh:tnhnmminCcngcac,bHocVersailles

tchrikhincc toHnhlangBaLanchoBaLancli thng

thngrabin,vthngicrtbtmn.

icnhim(tingEhrc:Einsatzgruppen):4ibnquns(A,B,

CvD)gmMtv,S.S. linquannvic sthingiDoThiv

ChnhuLinX,ccdntcSlavngu

nvkhngqun:ccnvlntuchungctchcnhsau:

Son khng qun: thng c 300-360my bay do thiu tnglmtlnh,ctchctheonhimvchuynbit.iqunonkhngqun: thngdoThngchhoci tnglmT lnh, ckhong trndi1.000mybayvcc t chchucn,bodnghotngclptheonhngnhimvadng.KhimibtuThchinII,ccbniqunonkhngqun, sau tunhucuc lp thmnhngiqunonkhngqunmi.

nvlcqun:ccnvlntuchungctchcnhsau:

Lon:tngngvit1-2trungonnhngkhngnmtrongccucason,mclphocctngphinikhc.Son: n v lc qun tng i ging nhau cc nc thamchin,thngc10.000n15.000qundoithocThiutnglmtlnh.Qunon:gmhainbnson,thngdoTrungtnglmTlnh.MschnhqunonthngcvitthnhsLaM.iqunon:gmhainbnqunon thmmts lc lngthitgip,khngqunbitphi,thngdoThngtnghocitngnmquyntlnh.Mschnhiqunonthngcvitthnhnguynchcastht.iQunoncacthngchn100.000qun.LinX,mtiqunon thng tngngvimtqunkhu(rnglnhnqunkhuVitNam).Tponqun:qunscthgnmttriuvcthmbinhchngbit phi (thit gip, khngqun)m trchmtmt trn ln,thng do Thng ch (Anh, Php, c) v Nguyn soi (Lin X)nm quyn t lnh. Lin X, n v tng ng c gi lPhngdinqun.

Ebert:FriedrichEbert(1871-1925),TngthngutincaCngho

c(1919-1925),tipninglThngchHindenburg.

Eckart:DietrichEckart(1868-1923),cngviGottfriedFedervAnton

Drexler thnh lpngLaongc, tin thncangQucx, tham

giaBolonNhhngBia,tcgibihtDeutschlanderwache(ncc

thctnh),lbihtchnhthccangQucx.

Eden: (Robert) Anthony Eden (1897-1977), B trng Ngoi giao

(1935-1938,1940-1945),ThtngAnh(1955-1957).

EdwardVIII(1894-1972):vuacaAnhvBcIreland(tthng1n

thng12nm1936),vmuncimtphnngiMlydhailnnn

thoi v, nhng ngi cho em trai, k tip nhn tc hiu Qun cng

Windsor, Trung tng trong Lc lng Vin chinh Anh ti Php, Ton

quynBahamas(1940-1945).

Eichmann: (Karl)AdolfEichmann(1906-1962),Trung tS.S. (1941),

TrngVnphngDicngiDoThithucCquanRSHA,gichcv

QunlVnchuynangiDoThintritptrung(1942),thc

hincngvictngtHungary(1944),bngiDoThibtnm1960

Argentinarixtreoc.

Eisenhower: Dwight David Ike Eisenhower (1890-1969), Thng

tng (1944) caM, T lnh Ti cao lc lngngminh chuu

(1944),TlnhTicaocaNATO(1949),TngthngM(1953-1961).

ElAlamein(hocAlAlamayn):thtrnminBcAiCp,nmvenb

aTrungHi,cchAlexandria106kmvhngTyvthCairo240

kmvhngTybc.

Elbe: sngdi1.170kmTrungu,chyquangBcTipKhc,

TrungngvTyBccrirabinBc,ltuynhnghiquantrng

giabinBcvPrague,vcnibngknhovisngOdervsng

Rhine.

Enigma: tn loimyxch tayghivgiimtm,vnhnhbngc

in,cnhiuloi,nitingnhtlloidoQunicsdngtrongTh

chinII.

Estonia:hingilncCnghongBcchuu,gipvivnh

Phn Lan (phn ko di ca bin Baltic) v hng Bc, nc Latvia v

hngNam,ncNgavhngngvbinBaltic vhngTy.Sau

ThchinI,Estonialncclp,spnhpvoLinXnm1940vtr

lithnhncclptnm1991.

Falkenhausen:AlexandervonFalkenhausen(1878-1966),Trungtng

c,Ch huy qun qunB vminBc ncPhp (1940-1944), ng h

nhmmmuchngHitler,bgiamtrongtritptrungchonkhing

minhgiicu(1945),btonBtuyn12nmkhsairicthabngv

cbngchngmichothyngcugipngiDoThivngiBtrnh

btrcxutvhnhquyt.

Feder:GottfriedFeder(1883-1941),mttrongnhngnhnvtchcht

trongthikucangQucx,cxemllthuytgiavkinht

ca ng, tham gia Bo lon Nh hng Bia, i biu Ngh vin (1924-

1936),ThtrngKinht(1933),giosihctnm1936.

Fegelein:HermannOttoFegelein(1906-1945?),itngWaffen-S.S.,

anhemctchocaHitler,btrnnhngbHitlerralnhtruyn,bxt

(nhngcnghivnvvicny).

Fellgiebel: Fritz Erich Fellgiebel (1886-1944), i tng (1940) ca

c,CctrngThngtinthucBTlnhLcqun(1938),thamgiavo

vmstHitlerngy20thng7nm1944,bTonNhndnxthnh.

Fichte:JohannGottliebFichte(1762-1814),tritgiavgiosihc

ngic,HiutrngutincaihcBerlin(1810),manhmcv

chotinhthnqucgiac.

Fiehler:KarlFiehler(1895-1969),itngS.S.,Thtrngthnhph

Munich(1933-1945),nm1949bn2nmtkhsai.

Flander:mt vng ca sc dnFlemish c nhngnt c th v vn

ho, tri di tminBc ncPhp nminNamHLan v phn na

ncBminTy,vothkXInmtrongqucLaMthnthnh.

Flemish:xemFlander.

Folkestone:xemDover.

Forbes:GeorgeOgilvieForbes,ThamtnisqunAnhtic.

Franco:FranciscoFranco(1892-1975),lnhtcticaTyBanNha

(1939-1975),thnviHitlervMussolinitrongThchinII.

Franois-Poncet:AndrFranois-Poncet(1887-1978),isPhpti

c(1931-1938),isPhpti(1938-1940).

Frank:TinsHansFrank(1900-1946),lutschongQucx,i

tng S.S., Quc v khanh (1934), Ton quyn c Quc x Ba Lan

(1939),bTonNurembergxthnh.

Frank:KarlHermannFrank(1898-1946),itngS.S.,chhuyQuc

xtiSudetenland,ThlnhS.S..vCnhstBohemiavMoravia,ralnh

tiuditlngLidice,sauchintranhbTipKhcxtreoccngkhai.

Friedrich i : tc Friedrich II (1712-1786) thuc Hong tc

Hohenzollern,vuancPh,tinthncachc.

Friedrich III (1657-1713): Tuyn hu tc ca Cng quc

Brandenburg,xnglmvuaFriedrichIcancPh.

Frick:WilhelmFrick(1877-1946),thamgiaBolonNhhngBia,i

biuNghvin(1924),BtrngNivvGiodccaBangThuringen,

BtrngNivc(1933-1936),Qucvkhanh(1936-1943),Boquc

caBohemiavMoravia(1943-1945),bTonNurembergxthnh.

Friedeburg:Hans-GeorgvonFriedeburg(1895-1945),ccpcao

(1945)cac,Tlnhlclngtungm(1943),TlnhHiqunc

cui cng trongTh chin II (1945), k vn kin u hng choQun i

ctrnchintrngBcuvcviMontgomery,tthaitunsau

.

Fritsch:Werner Freiherr von Fritsch (1880-1939), i tng cp cao

cac,TlnhLcqun(1935),bHimmlervGoeringtcolng

tnhluyninnbucphitchc(1938),cToanQunsDanhd

minhoan,ricgililmnhimvtrongQuningaytrckhiTh

chinIIbngn,ttrnBaLan(ltngcutinttrntrongTh

chinhai).

Fritzsche:HansFritzsche(1900-1953),giccchcvGimcCc

Bo ch Quc ni (1938), Gim c Cc Truyn thanh (1942) thuc B

ThngtinvTuyntruyn,cTonNurembergthabng,ribnt9

nmvtikhc.

Fromm:FriedrichFromm(1888-1945),itngcpcaocac,T

lnhDnqun(1939-1940),tuyralnhxt5ngimmumstHitler

ngy20thng7nm1944nhngvnbTonNhndnxbnvbkt

tikhngbocommungaytu.

Fuller: John Frederick Charles Fuller (1878-1966), Trung tng ca

Anh,sgiavnhchinlcquns,nuquanimmivviccgii

hoqunimtnglnhc,nhGuderian,vndngthnhcng.

Funk: Walther Emanuel Funk (1890-1960), B trng Kinh t c

(1937-1945), thay th Schacht lm Thng cNgn hngNh ncc

(1939-1943).BTonNurembergtuynntchungthn,ctrtdov

ldosckho(1957).

Gamelin:MauriceGustaveGamelin(1872-1958),ThngchcaPhp,

Tng Tham mu trng Qun i Php (1933-1940), c thay th bi

Weygand.

Gestapo:xemMtv.

Gibraltar:thucacaAnhphaNamTyBanNha,nmtrnEobin

GibraltarniiTyDngphaTyvaTrungHiphang,trong

Thchin II l cncquan trngchobbinhvHiqunAnhv c tc

dngkhngchtuthuynqualigiaiTyDngvaTrungHi.

Gisevius: Hans BerndGisevius (1904-1974), s quan cnh st chuyn

nghip,phtclcchonhmmmuchngHitler,khainhiuchititv

ccmmunytiTonNuremberg.

Gluecks:RichardGluecks(1889-1945),TrungtngWaffen-S.S.,Tng

Thanhtracctritptrung,ttsaukhiuhngcuiThchinIItrnh

barato.

Gobineau:Joseph-ArthurGobineau(1816-1882),nhngoigiaovnh

nhnchnghcngiPhp.Ttngcangtonhhngrnglntrong

vicphttrintipnilthuytchngtcvpdngnhnglthuytny

vohnhng.

Godesberg (hocBadGodesberg): ni ngh dng nh c nhiu sui

ncnng,nmtrongBangNordrhein-Westfalencac,trnbtysng

Rhine,hinthucthnhphBonn.

Goerdeler: Carl FriedrichGoerdeler (1884-1945), Th trng Leipzig

vTrng banVt gi nhng xin t c hai chc nm1936, thamgia m

muchngHitler,cchnhlmThtngcachmi,bQucx

btnm1944vnmsaubTonNhndnxthnh.

Gort: Lord Gort l tn gi thng dng ca John Standish Surtees

Prendergast Vereker (1886-1946), T tc x Gort, Thng ch ca Anh

(1943),TlnhLclngVinchinhAnhtiPhp(1939-1940),Thhin

Gibraltar(1941-1942),ThhinMalta(1942-1944).

Goebbels: Tin s Paul Joseph Goebbels (1897-1945), B trng B

Thng tinvTuyn truyn caQucx (1933).SaukhiHitler t st, gi

chcThtngctrongmtngy,chpthunvichstsuaconca

mnhritst.

Goering:HermannWilhelmGring(1893-1946),LnhtS.A.(1923),

ChtchNghvin(1932-1933),ChhuytrngMtvc(1934-1936),

B trngHngkhng,T lnhKhngqun(1935-1945),B trngc

mnh Ton quyn C quan K hoch Bn nm (1936), c ch nh l

ngikvLnhtkhiHitlercht(1941),ngiduynhtmangqunhm

caonht:Thngchch(1941),bTonNurembergtuynnthnh

nhngtttrckhibthihnhn.

Greim: Robert Ritter von Greim hoc Robert Greim (1892-1945),

ThngchcuicngcaQucx(1945),nhnnhimvtilpKhngqun

cmtcchlnlttrnhshnchcaHocVersailles(1933),Ch

huytrngTrngotophicngchinu(1934),TlnhKhngqun

c(1945),bqunMbtritt.

Gris-Nez:xemDover.

Groener: Wilhelm Groener (1867-1939), Tng cc trng Tng cc

Hucn(1918),BtrngQucphng(1928-1932)kimBtrngNiv

(1931-1932).

Grozny(hocGroznyy):thnhphphaNamcaLinXbygi,gn

btybinCaspi,phaBcdyniCaucasus,cnhiumdu,hinlth

phcancCnghoChechnya.

Guderian: HeinzWilhelm Guderian (1888-1954), i tng cp cao

(1940)cac,ccholngikhixngChintranhsmst.Tlnh

Qun onXIXThit gip nhBa Lan (1939) v Php (1940), T lnh

QunonXIXThitgiptinnDunkirk,TlnhiQunonThit

gipGuderian(mangtnng)nhLinX(1941),bcchchcvralnh

rtluimkhngcphp,cgitrlilmTngThanhtraBinhchng

Thitgip(1943)riThammutrngLcqun(1941),rilimtchcv

bt ng kin vi Hitler (1945). Tuy khng c thng ln Thng ch

nhngGuderianvncxemlmttrongnhngtnglnhtigiinht

ca c Quc x. Sau Th chin II, ng khng phi ra trc To n

Nuremberg chu xt x v c cho lmt qun nhn chuyn nghip,

nhngvnltbinhcaMchonlcctrtdo(1948).

Grtner:FranzGrtner(1881-1941),BtrngTphpBangBavaria

(1922),ngmhtrHitlertrongphintoxvBolonNhhngBia,B

trngTphpclintctrongccChnhphcaPapen,Schleicherv

Hitler.

Habsburg: vng triu ca cc hong tr v quc LaM thn

thnhvquco-Hungary t thkXVnu thkXX,v trong

nhiu thi im khc nhau ngi ca dng hHabsburg cng l vua cc

ncHungary,TyBanNha,BoNha.Hongcuicngcavng

triu l Hong Charles I ca o kim Vua Charles IV ca Hungary

(1916-1918).

Halder: FranzRitter vonHalder (1884-1972),i tng cp cao ca

c(1940),ni tingv tihochnhchin thuthnhqun,Thammu

trngLcqun(1938-1942),sonthokhochnhquaBaLan(1939)

v cc k hoch tin cng Php, Bcu v vngBalkans (1940).V bt

ngkinviHitler,bgingchc lmsquanDnqun(1942),bbt

giam(1944)tuykhngdnhlunmmumstHitler,richnhthcb

khaitrkhiQunic(1945).SauThchinIIlmcvnlchsqun

schoQuniM,cTng thngM JohnF.Kennedy tng thng

HunchngTdo,lhunchngdnscaoqunhtcaM.

Halifax:EdwardFrederickLindleyWoodHalifax(1881-1959),thng

cgilLordHalifax,NgoitrngAnh(1938-1940),givaitrquan

trngtrongvicmphnchoHipcMunich,isAnhtiM(1941-

1946).

Hanfstaengl: Ernst Franz Sedgwick Hanfstaengl (1887-1975), c cha

ngicvmngiM,bnthncaHitler,giptichnhchovic

xutbncunschMeinKampf,choQucxvaytinlmtbong,

lmTrngbanBochNcngoicangQucx,thamgiaBolon

NhhngBia,trvM(1942)lmcvnchoChnhphMvcQuc

x.

HangSi:xemRastenburg.

Hanke:Karl-AugustHanke(1903-1945),ThngchS.S.(1945),Xu

QucxvngHSilesia(1940-1945),LnhtS.S.thaythHimmler(1941)

theodichccaHitler,bqunkhngchinBaLanhocTipKhcbtv

xt.

Hase:KarlPaulImmanuelvonHase(1885-1944),Thiutngcac,

T lnhQun khuBerlin (1940-1944), thamgia vo v m st htHitler

ngy20thng7nm1944,bTonNhndnxthnh.

Hassell:UlrichvonHassell(1881-1944),isc(1932-1938),

mttrongnhngngilnhochchtvnngngcanhmmmu

chngHitler,bMtvbtvxt.

Hausser: Paul Hausser (1880-1972), i tng cp cao caWaffen-

S.S.,TlnhQunonIIThitgipS.S.thamgianhiutrnnhchin

trngphang ri chin trngphaTy,T lnhiQunonTh

ByThitgipS.S. trnchin trngphaTy,b thng t lu trckhi

chintranhktthc.

Hcha:EmilHcha(1872-1945):TngthngTipKhc(1938-1039),

Tng thng(trndanhngha)caXBohBohemiavMoravia (1939-

1945), b ngi Tip bt nh a ra xt x trc to, nhng qua i

trc.

Haakon(1872-1957):VuaHaakonVIIcaNaUy(1905-1957),emtrai

vuaChristianXcaanMch,khicxmchimNaUy,lnhocuc

khngchintronghaithng,riinAnhcmuchnhquynluvong,

trvNaUynm1945.

HnhlangBaLan:ditdc theosngWistlachonbinBaltic,

trcThchin I thucchc,cHocVersailles ct choBa

Lannhmtochoncnyli thngthngrabinnhngtchring

Phrakhiphncn licancckhinchongicrtbtmn.

HnhlangBaLanlmttrongnhngvnchnhdnnThchinII.

Hegel:GeorgWilhelmFriedrichHegel(1770-1831),tritgiactheo

ng li l tng, c xem l mt trong nhng nh t tng c nh

hngsurngnhttrongthkXIX,cngtonhhngnchthuyt

caFriedrichEngelsvKarlMarx.

Heimeyer: August Heimeyer (1897-1979), i tng cp cao S.S.

(1936),TrngbanGiodccaS.S.b n tmi tm thng (1948),b

TonBitrQucxtuynthmnt3nm(1950).

Helldorf: B tcWolf-HeinrichGraf vonHelldorf (1896-1944),Ch

huytrngCnhstBerlin(1935),thamgiammumstHitler,bTo

nNhndnxthnh.

Henderson: Nevile Meyrick Henderson (1882-1942), i s Anh ti

c (1937-1939), linhmt thitnchnh schxoaduHitler caTh

tngAnhChamberlain.

Henlein: Konrad Henlein (1898-1945), th lnh ng Ngi c

Sudeten (1933), i tng S.S., X u kim Cao u vng Sudetenland

(1939-1945), Ch tch Hi ng Hnh chnh X Bo h Bohemia v

Moravia(1939),tttrongtrigiamcaQuniM.

Hess: Walter Richard Rudolf Hess (1894-1987), Trung u phi cng

trongThchinI,PhLnhtngQucx,thamgiaBolonNhhng

Biarivo tcngviHitler,ghichp liquynMeinKampf, t limy

baysangScotlandlmtrunggianmphnhobnh(1941).Sauvvic

ny,HitlerbibchcdanhPhLnht.HessbTonNurembergtuyn

n t chung thn, l ti phmchin tranh cui cng caQucxb giam

trongnhtSpandaucangminhTyBerlin,quaivtt.Nhiu

sgiavlutgiachorngntlunmcaHesslkhngcngminh.

Heusinger:AdolfHeusinger(1897-1982),Trungtng(1943)cac,

QuynThammutrngLcqunlcxyravmstHitler(20thng7

nm1944),dcchngclinhvinhmmmucthabngnhng

khngcgichcvna,sauchin tranh lmi tngCh tchHi

ngQunsNATO(1961-1964).

Heydrich: Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich (1904-1942), i tng

S.S.,Chhuy trngMtvc (1936-1939),GimcCquanRSHA

(1939-1942), Quyn Bo quc Bohemia v Moravia (1941-1942), l mt

trongnhngnhnvtchchtchhuycucditchng,bqunkhngchin

TipKhcmst.

HinchngiTyDng:doHoaKvAnhcngcngb,c

Tng thng Roosevelt v Th tng Churchill k ngy 14 thng 8 nm

1941,numtsnguyntcchungtrongchnhschcahaincthihu

chin.Hai nc tuyn b khng tmkim lnh th, cng nhn quyn ca

midntccchnthchChnhphchoringmnhvkhngbpt

vbingii,quyncaccbnthngvbitrongcucchinctipcn

vi tinguyncaTrit,xcnhnscn thitphigii trqunb

Hi ngh ngy1 thng1 nm1942 triu tp 26 quc gia chngPheTrc

tuynbtuntheochngtrnhhnhngvnhngnguyntctrongHin

chngiTyDng,tlmnntngthnhlpLinhipqucnm

1945.

Hinphp:trongschnychyuchbnHinphpcchiulc

trongthigian1919-1933,doHinghibiunhndnsonrathnh

phWeimar(vthctnthngdnglHinphpWeimar).Hinphpny

quynhncctheochcnghonghvin,tyraiCngho

c.HinphpnyvnmangtachnhthclVerfassungdesDeutschen

Reichs (Hinphp ca chc) gingnh ta cabnHinphp c

hiulctrongthigian1871-1919.

HipcBabn(27thng9nm1940):ckktgiaNht,c

v,cngclinminhcaPheTrc,mtiukhonquynhhtrln

nhauvchnhtr,qunsvkinhtkhimtncbtncng.

HipcChngtamQuct(25thng11nm1936):ckkt

giacvNhtngy25 thng11nm1936, thamgianm1937, to

linminhtrongPheTrc.HipcnhmchngCngsnquctnichung

vLinXniring,tuysaunykhimphnviLinX,cphnhn.

Nm1941,Hipcctixcnhn,lnnycthmHungary,TyBan

Nha,Mn Chu quc, Bulgaria, Croatia, anMch, Phn Lan, Rumania,

SlovakiavchNamKinhcaQucdnng.

HipcThp(22thng5nm1939):tnchnhthclHipcHu

nghvLinminhgiaPhtxtvQucxc,quynhhtrquns

khimtbnbtncng.

HipcLocarno(16thng10nm1925):gmcbyHipcc

kthnhphLocarnocaThuSnhmcngcmianninhTyu

(nhquynhngbingiivthnhlpvngtrunglp).Anh,BaLan,

B,c,Php,TipKhcvkvocchipcny.

Hip cMunich: Hip c nhm gii quyt cuc khng hong v

vngtSudetenland,ckktngy29 thng9nm1938giaHitler,

Th tng Anh Chamberlain, Th tng Php Daladier v Lnh t

Mussolinica.TipKhcphigiaochoc30.000kmlnhth.

HipcQucx-LinX (23 thng 8 nm 1939): cn c gi l

Hip cMolotov-Ribbentrop, c tn chnh thc l Hip cBt tng

xmgiacvLinbangXVit,Nghnhthbmtnhkmquy

nhccncPhnLan,Estonia,Latvia,LithuaniavRumaniathucvng

nhhngcaLinX,haincngchianhauBaLan.

Himmler: Heinrich Luitpold Himmler (1900-1945), Thng ch S.S.

(1933),lmttrongnhngnhnvtcthlcnhtcacQucx,Lnh

tLclngS.S.(1929-1945),ChhuytrngCnhstc(1936-1945),

B trngNiv (1943-1945),cmnhTonquynHnhchnh (1943-

1945),TlnhLclngDnphng(1944-1945),sauchintranhtmcch

linhvingminhmphnhobnhnhngb tchi, chy trn

nhngvnbqunAnhbt,tttrckhibxtx.

Hindenburg: Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff und von

Hindenburg(1847-1934), thngcbitdi tnPaulvonHindenburg,

Thng ch (1914) cac, trongTh chin I l TngThammu trng

Qunlcc,TngthngCnghoc(1925-1934).

Hitler:AdolfHitler (1889-1945), Lnh t ca lc lng S.A. (1930),

Thtngc(1933-1945),LnhtvThtngch(1934-1945),T

lnhticaoQunlckimBtrngChintranh(1938-1945),TlnhLc

qun(1941-1945).

Hotacker:CaesarvonHotacker(1896-1944),itc,squantham

mudiquynStuelpnagel, thamgiavmustHitlerngy20 thng7

nm1944,khuyndRommelcngthamgia,nhngkhibMtvbtv

tratnkhairangny,bTonNhndnxthnh.

Hoepner: Erich Hoepner (1886-1944), i tng cp cao (1941) ca

c,T lnhiQunonThTThit gipnhLinX (1941), ra

lnhluiqunsaukhibnhbtraMoscownnbcchchc(1942),ct

tngchngiHitler,lclngdiquyncgiaonhimvchngtr

S.S.saukhimstHitler(1938),mmuthtbinhngngkhngbpht

gic,cngcandvommumstHitlerngy20thng7nm1944,ln

nybMtvtreoc.

Hohenzollern: dng h bt ngun t cc Hip s Teuton ca ngi

Junker,nichungtrvccncPh,cvRumaniatthkXVI,ni

ringchbahongtrvchcgnynht:WilhelmI(trv1871-

1888),FriedrichIII(trv1888),WilhelmII(trv1888-1918).

Hoth:HermannHoth(1885-1971),itngcpcao(1943)cac,

T lnhiQunonThBaThitgipnhLinX (1941),T lnh

iQunonThTThitgipbaovyStalingrad(1942)vnhTrn

Kursk, b Hitler cch chc v tht bi Stalingrad (1943), b To n

Nurembergtuynmilmnmtgiam,ctrtdonm1954.

HocSaint-Germain(10thng9nm1919):hocgiamtbn

l ccncngminhchin thngThchin Ivbnkia lo,xob

vngquyno-Hungary, thnh lpncCnghoo.Lnh thca

qucocbctchoTipKhc,NamT,BaLan,Rumaniav.

HocVersailles (28 thng6nm1919):hocgiacvcc

ncngminh,chnhthcchmdtThchinI,quynhcgiaomt

svngtchoPhp,B,anMch,BaLan,bithngchintranhvgii

trqunb.

HocWestphalia(tingAnh:PeaceofWestphalia):mtshoc

nhmchmdtChintranhBaminm,chyulHocTyBanNha

ngy 30 thng 1 nm 1648 chm dt chin tranh v ho c ngy 24

thng10nm1648giaHongFerdinandIIIcaqucLaM thn

thnh,mt shong thnngic, cngPhpviThuin.Hoc

Westphaliacccsgiaghinhnlctmcbtuknguynlchs

hini.

HingBang(tingc:Reichsrat):gmibiuccbangcac,

c quyn ph quyt d tho lut do Ngh vin thng qua, tng t nh

ThngvinM,bHitlergiitnnm1934.

Hoess:RudolfFranzFerdinandH(1900-1947):TrungtS.S.,chhuy

tritptrungAuschwitz,bBaLanxthnh.

Hun chng Ch thp st (ting c: Eisemes Kreuz): ch ban

thng trong thigianchin tranhchocng trng trnchin trng.Gm

cccpsau:

ChthpSt,gm2cp:hngNh(trongsutThchinIItraocho2,3triungi),hngNht(traochokhong300.000ngi).Ch thp Hip s ca Ch thp st (ting c: Ritterkreuz desEisemenKreuzes)hocChthpHips(tingc:Ritterkreuz)tngthngchincngxutchng,cchiara5cp.Tngcngc7.313ngictraotng,ringcpcaonhtchc1ngilphicng anh hng.Khi cp nHun chng ny, sch nguyn tcthngkhngghircpno.iThptcaChthpst: cpcaonht,cdnh ringchoGoering.

Hugenberg:xemngNhndnQucgiac.

Hull:CordellHull (1871-1955),B trngNgoigiaoHoaK(1933-

1944).

Huntziger: Charles Huntziger (1880-1941), i tng ca Php, T

lnhiQunonThHairiTponqunThTtiArdennes,m

phnvkhipnhnhchinvicv(1849),chtv tainnmy

bay.

Iberia:bnobaogmTyBanNha,BoNhavGibraltarTy

Namchuu,ngncchvilcachuubidyniPyrnes.

Istria: bno IstriangNamchuunhn rabinAdriatic, sau

Th chin I c giao cho (mHitler c yu sch phi nhng cho

c),sauThchinIImtphncgiaochoNamT,hingimtphn

lTyBcncCroatiavmtphnlngNamncSloveniasaukhi

haincnylykhaikhiNamT.

Jeckeln:FriedrichJeckeln(1895-1946),itngS.S.(1936),chhuy

S.S.vcnhstcLinX,bLinXaraxtxrithihnhnt

hnhtrongvngmtngy.

Jeschonnek: Hans Jeschonnek (1899-1943), i tng cp cao ca

c,ThammutrngKhngqun(1939-1943),tttrnhHitlertrng

phtvkhngngncncKhnglcHonggiaAnhnhphc.

Jessen:JensPeterJessen(1895-1944),Gioskinhthctiihc

Berlin,mttrongnhngbccanhmmmuchngHitler,ngvin

Qucxnhitthnhtrongthigian1931-1933vlmttrongsttrthc

thtscang,sautanvotngvtrthnhngichngQucx

mnhm,bhnhquytsauvmstHitlerngy20thng7nm1944.

Jodl:AlfredJodl(1890-1946),itngcpcaocac,Thammu

trngHnhquncaBChhuyTicaoQunlctrongsutThchinII,

thaymtchoDoenitzkbnuhngviukin.TiTonNuremberg,

ngtuynbkhngctitrcThng,trclchsvdntcti,

nhngvnbxthnh,ricTonBitrQucxcacxoti

v phc hi danh d (1953) da trn lun c ca Thm phn Henri

DonnedieudeVabrestiTonNuremberg.

Junge:TraudlJunge,nhdanhGertrudeHumps(1920-2002),mttrong

ccthkcaHitlertnm1942,nhmybnTuyncoChnhtrvdi

chccaHitlercngtuyncocaGoebbels.

Junker:giaicpachqutcPhvminngqucLaM

thnthnhtthkXInthkXIII.Hohenzollernlmtdnghquan

trngcaJunker.NhnghuduJunkerni tinglThtngBismarck,

TngthngHindenburg,ThngchRundstedt,itngLossow,vnhng

ngitrongnhmcaClausvonStauffenbergmmumstHitler.

Kahr:GustavvonKahr(1862-1934):ThhinBangBavaria,mttrong

tamuchlnhoBavariakhixyracucBolonNhhngBia,bst

hitrongvThanhtrngmmungy30thng6nm1934.

Kaltenbrunner:ErnstKaltenbrunner (1903-1946),i tngS.S.,ch

huy lc lngS.S.,o(1935),GimcCquanRSHA(1942-1945),

ThlnhS.S.vCnhstDonau,vinchcS.S.,caocpnhtsngstsau

chintranh,bTonNurembergxthnh.

Kammler:TinsHansFriedrichKarlFranzKammler(1901-1945?),

itngS.S.,ginhiunhimvquantrngnhthitktritptrungv

lthiungigncuiThchinIIccchhuyChngtrnhtnla

V-2,mttungtchnm1945.

Keitel: Wilhelm Bodewin Johann Gustav Keitel (1882-1946), Thng

ch(1940)cac,ThammutrngBChhuyTicaoQunlc(1938-

1945),bTonNurembergxthnh.

Keppler: Wilhelm Keppler (1882-1960), ngi khi xng lp nn

nhmBnhucaLnhtS.S.,tcHimmler,lmcvnringchoHitler

vkinhtccchhuytonbngvinQucxo(1936),is

tio(1938),cHimmlergiaoqunlnhngnhmyLinXvBa

LanbS.S.tchthu,ThtrngNgoigiao,bTonNurembergpht10

nmt,ctrtdonm1951.

Kerensky: Aleksandr Fyodorovich Kerensky (1881-1970), Th tng

caChnhphlmthiNgasaukhivngtriubltnm1917,nhng

bquniphni.ngmuntrnpngBolshevikcaLeninnhng

tht bi. V khng th ci thin tnh hnh kinh t v qun s ti t, phe

Bolshevikcchi thit lpnhngtchcXVitkhinchoChnhph

cang lung lay.ngcngb ccnhmbohongv chngCchmng

chngi.Cuicng,ngBolshevikginhchnhquynvothng10nm

1917.KerenskyothotquaParis.

Kesselring: Albert Kesselring (1881-1960), Thng ch Khng qun

(1940)cac,ThammutrngKhngqun(1936-1937),Tlnhi

Qun on S 1Khng qun nhBaLan, T lnhiQun on s 2

Khng qun nh Php (1940), T lnh min Nam ch huy mi n v

KhngqunaTrungHivBcPhi(1941),TngTlnhMttrnpha

TyNamchhuy ton lc lngc(1943),TngT lnhMt trn

phaTyriTngTlnhMt trnphaNam(1945).SauThchinIIb

Anhqucktnthnhvtigitqunkhngchinnhngbnnbphn

imnhmvthiuchngc,ctrtdovldosckho(1952).

Kharkiv:thnhphlnthhaicaUkraine,trongThchinIIbc

chim3ln,cuicngcgiiphngngy23thng8nm1943.

Khngon:xemnvkhngqun.

Kleist:PaulLudwigEwaldvonKleist (1881-1954),Thngch (1943)

cac,T lnhiQunonvonKleistThitgipnhPhp(1940),

T lnh i Qun on Th Nht Thit gip nh Nam T v Hy Lp

(1941),TlnhTponqunAnhLinX(1942),b tcquynch

huykhiralnhchoiQunonThTmrtlui(1944),bLinXtuyn

n10nmt(1952), ltnglnhcqunhmcaonhtcacquai

trongnhtcaLinX.

Kluge:GunthervonKluge(1882-1944),Thngch(1940)cac,T

lnhiQunonThTmnhBaLan(1939)rinhPhp(1940),T

lnhTponqunTrungtmnhLinX(1942),TngTlnhMttrn

phaTy (1944), c lincanphnnonmmumstHitlerngy20

thng7nm1944,ttkhibitbHitlernghing.

Koch:ErichKoch(1896-1986),XuQucxngPh(1928-1945),

CaouUkraine (1941-1944)cngbaogmBaLan,sauchin tranhbBa

Lantuynnthnhnhngkhngbthihnhn.

Kramer:JosefKramer(1906-1945),iuS.S.,chhuytritptrung

Bergen-Belsen,sauchintranhbxthnh.

Krebs:HansKrebs(1898-1945),itngLcqunc,Thammu

trng cc tp on qun khc nhau (1942-1045), Thammu trngLc

quntrongnhngtunlcuicngcacucchin,ttkhiqunNgatin

voBerlin.

Krosigk: JohannLudwigGrafSchwerinvonKrosigk(1887-1977),B

trngTichnhctipniquaNicccaPapen,SchleichervHitler

(1932-1945),BtrngNgoigiao(1945),cTngthngKarlDoenitz

clmThtngiunhvicngngbnvingminh(1943)nhng

vnbbtgichonkhicnxnm1951.

Kubizek:August(Gustl)Kubizek(1888-1956),bnthnvsngcng

phngtrviHitlerVienna,cQucxthuvitvthi tui trca

mnhcngviHitler (1938)v choxutbn cun sch (1953)vi ta

AdolfHitler,meinJugendfreund(AdolfHitler,ngibn thi trca ti).

Nhiusgiachorngcunschnykhngctrungthc.

Kurusu:SaburoKurusu(1886-1954),isNhttic(1939-1941)

kktHipcBabn,csNhttiHoaK(1941)khiNhtkhngkch

TrnChuCng.

Kuechler: Georg Karl Friedrich Wilhelm von Kchler (1881-1968),

Thngchcac(1942),TlnhiQunonThMiTmnhH

LanvPhp (1940),T lnhTponqunBcnhLeningrad thay th

Leeb(1942),mtchckhiLinXphncng(1944),bTonNuremberg

tuyn 20 nm t, nhng ch ngi t 8 nm th c tr t do v gi yu

(1953).

Kiev(tngclKyyiv):thnhphthphcatnhUkraine,nmbn

bsngDniepr,hingilthncUkraine.

Ladoga:HLadoga,nmminccBcncNga,xncvosng

NevachyquathnhphLeningrad.

Lammers:HansLammers (1879-1962),TinsLut, chuyngiaLut

Hin php,i tngS.S.Danh d,B trngVn phngTh tng, l

trungtmchoccmilinlcvthamvnlutphp,bTonNuremberg

tuyn20nmt,nhngcgimnvtrtdonm1951.

Latvia:hingi lnccnghongBcchuu,nm trnb

binBaltic.TrcThchinII,Latvialncclp,spnhpvoLin

Xnm1940,vtrlithnhncclptnm1991.

Laval:PierreLaval(1883-1945),ThtngkimBtrngNgoigiao

Php(1935-1939),saukhicnhthngPhp,lmPhThtngtrong

chnhquynVichy(1939-1940), li lmTh tngdocspt (1942-

1945),hptcchtchviQucx,bthnhsauThchinII.

LeHavre: thnhphminTyBcPhp,nmtrnbbinManche

casngSeine,cchEobinDoverkhong200kmvphaNam.

Leeb: Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb (1876-1956), Thng ch (1940) ca

c,TlnhTponqun2chimTipKhc(1938),TlnhTpon

qunCnhPhp,T lnhTponqunBcbaovyLeningradnhng

khngchimc thnhphny,v thb tcquynch huy (1941)v

khng cHitler trng dng na, b To nNuremberg tuyn 3 nm t

nhngctrtdosauphinxvbgiamquthigianny.

Leningrad: thnhph ln thhaivcngbin lnnhtcaLinX,

nmtrnvngccBcuvnhPhnLan(mtnhnhcabinBaltic),

baotrmcasngNeva,hinnaymangtnclSankt-Peterburg.

Ley:RobertLey(1890-1945),TinsHohc,ChtchMttrnLao

ngc(1933),thnhlpviuhnhchngtrnhScmnhquaVui

chi (ting c: Kraft durch Freude), Ch tchMt trn Lao ng c

(1933-1945), bTo nNuremberg truy t nhng t t trong t trc khi

phinxdinra.

Lin bang Bc c (ting c: Norddeutscher Bund): th ch trong

giaion1867-1870doBismarckthnhlp,gm22nc,trongVng

quc Ph l nc ch o, viBismarck lmTh tng v vua Ph lm

Tngthng,sautrthnhquccvtonnmngcancc

chonngynay.

Lindbergh: CharlesA. Lindbergh (1902-1974), ngiM, ngi u

tin thc hin chuyn bay thng qua i Ty Dng, t thnh ph New

YorknParisngy20thng5nm1927,saucphongqunhmi

tKhngvnTrb.

Lipski:JzefLipski(1894-1958),isBaLantic(1933-1939).

List: SiegmundWilhelmvonList (1880-1971),Thng ch (1940) ca

c,TlnhiQunonThMiBnBaLan(1939),Tlnhi

Qun onThMiHai Php vHyLp (1939-1941),TngT lnh

Mt trn ng Nam (1941-1942), T lnh Tp on qun A Lin X

(1942),bTonNurembergxchungthn(1948),ctrtdovldo

sckho(1952).

Lithuania:hingilmtncCnghongBcchuu,gip

vincLatviavhngBc,ncBelarusvhngngvNam,Ba

LanvNgavhngngNam,binBalticvhngTy.SauThchin

I,Lithuanialncclp,bLinXspnhpnm1940vtrlithnh

ncclptnm1991.

Litvinov:MaksimMaksimovichLitvinov(1876-1951),ChnhuNgoi

giaoLinX(1930-1939),isLinXtiM(1941-1943).

Lord: trongschny l txnght trc tnngiAnhcphm

cpqutcbccao.

Lossow:OttovonLossow(1868-1938),itngc,chhuyquns

bangBavaria,lmttrongtamuchLnhoBavariakhixyracuc

BolonNhhngBia(1923).

LutNuremberg:Lutbanhnhnm1935,tngiDoThingoi

vngphplut:tcquctchc,khngcholmcngnhnvinchcv

gianhpquni,huqulphnlnngiDoThibmtvicvc

ngic ang tht nghip vo th ch. LutNuremberg cng cm hn

nhnvquanhngoihnnhngiahaichngtcDoThivAryan.

Lut Ti lp ch (ting c: Gesetz ber den Neuaufbau des

Reichs):Lutbanhnhngy30 thng1nm1934,binchCngho

cphnquynthnhmtncTrungngtpquyn,giitnNghvin

quc gia, t bmy hnh chnh quc gia di s kim sot ca bmy

hnhchnhchThBa.

LutTraoquyn(tingc:Ermchtigungsgesetz),doNghvinc

thngquangy23thng3nm1933,chnhthcchophpHitlercaitrbng

sclnh.

Ludendorff: Erich Ludendorff (1865-1937), i tng cac, Ch

nhimTngccHucn(trnthctlnhnvtsHaicaQunic)

diquynHindenburgtrongThchinI,ibiuNghvin(1924-1928).

ThamgiacucBolonNhhngBia.Nm1935,Hitlerphongqunhm

Thngchnhngngtchi.Khingquai,Hitlerralnhtchcquc

tang.

Ludin:HannsLudin(1905-1947),itngS.S.(1943)cac,rato

nqunsvtituyntruynchoQucxchngch(1930),isc

tiSlovakia(1941),bTipKhcxthnh.

Lueger:KarlLueger(1844-1910),chnhtrgiavThtrngthnhph

Vienna(1897-1910),cchnhschbiDoThivphnbitchngtc.

Luther: Martin Luther (1483-1546), nh thn hc c khi xng

PhongtroCicchc,ctmnhhngsurngttngionchnh

tr,kinht,giodcvngnng,khinchongtrthnhmttrongnhng

nhnvtquantrngnhttronglchscnichuu.Lngicccit

tngio,ngkchtnhtrngsuyicaCnggiothiTrungc.Ch

thuytLutheran,dndmrngthnhGiohi*,lmlunglaysthngtr

caCng gio chuu vm ng cho vic pht trinGio hi Tin

lnh.

LclngVinchinhAnh:nvcbitdoAnhthnhlpchin

uchuutThchinI,nnm1939ciuntrnngvng

bingiiPhpB.Lcny,lclnggmc10sonbbinhct

chc thnh3qunon,mt lon thitgipvmtphionbitphi

gmkhong500mybay.

LclngTdo(tingc:Freikorps):nhnglclngbnquns

tnhnguynraisauThchinIc,thpcuchinbinh,ckhuynh

hngccHu,chngCngsn,vthcQunicsdngn

pbiu tnhhocochnhcacnhT(Cngsn,chnhquynXVit,

nhmSpartakist).NhiuthnhvincaLclngTdogianhpng

Quc x ri tr thnh lnh o cp cao ca Quc x (nh Bormann,

Himmler,Kammler,RudolfHess,Roehm,HugoSperrie,GregorStrasser),

TipKhc,clpLclngTdoSudetencnhnghotngtng

tgyri,toldobinminhtrckhixmchimTipKhc.

Lyme: vnh vng ccNamAnh quc, pha bn kia lCherbourg ca

PhpnhnquabinManche.

Maas:xemMeuse.

Maikop: hocMaykop, thnhph cnhiumduminTyNam

ncNga,cchRostov290kmvphaNam,raBcdyniCaucasus.

Malta: qun o nc Cng ho nm gia a TrungHi, v a l

thucchuPhinhngvachnhtrthucNamchuu.

Manstein:ErichvonManstein(1887-1973),Thngch(1942)cac

dkhngphi lngvinQucx,nusngkinnhPhpxuynqua

Ardennes to bt ng (1940), T lnhiQun on ThMiMt

chimCrimea (1941) ri nh Leningrad (1942), T lnh Tp on qun

DongiicuiQunonThSucaPaulusStalingradnhngthtbi

(1943), T lnh Tp on qun Nam ti chimKharkiv (1943), b Hitler

cch chc ri ngh hu (1944), sau Th chin II b n 18 nm t (1949)

nhngsaukhingit4nmthctrtdovldosckho,cTh

tngTycAdenauerclmcvnquns.

Manteuffel:HassovonManteuffel,itng(1944)cac,Tlnh

i Qun on Th Nm Thit gip trong cc trn nh Ardennes v

Bastogne (1944),T lnhiQunonThBaThitgip trnmt trn

phang(1945),uhngngminhrictrtdo(1947).

Masaryk:TomGarrigueMasaryk(1850-1937),Tngthngutin

caCnghoTipKhc(1920-1930).

Masaryk: Jan Masaryk (1886-1948), con trai ca Tom Garrigue

Masaryk, i s Tip Khc ti Anh (1925-1938), B trng Ngoi giao

trong Chnh ph Tip Khc lu vong v tip tc sau chin tranh (1940-

1948).

Matsuoka:YsukeMatsuoka(1880-1946),BtrngNgoigiaoNht

Bn(1940-1941).

MttrnLaongc:tchcdoHitlerthnhlpnm1933thay

thccnghipon,ChtchlTinsLey.

Mtv(GeheimeStaatspolizei,gi tt lGestapo): lclngcnhst

bmtcaS.S.,cthmnhimvthnhlpviuhnhtritptrung,cc

chhuytrnglDiels(1933-1934),Goering(1934-1936),Heydrich(1936-

1939),vHeinrichMueller(1939-1945).

Mcauliffe:AnthonyC.Mcauliffe(1898-1975),i tngcaM,khi

l Thiu tng Quyn T lnh S on Khng vn 101 b bao vy

Bastogne,trnnnitingvduynhtchNUTS(KHNG)ngdng

trlitihuthcaquncyucunguhng.

MeinKampf (tingc, c ngha Cuc tranh u ca ti): ta

cunschcaHitler,kthptiusvttngcaHitler.XemChng4.

Memel:vnglnh thccngcngtndcbbinBaltic, trcTh

chinIthucchc,cHocVersaillestchralxbohdi

quynkimsotcaHiQuc linnhm tong thng thng rabin

cho nc Lithuania mi c thnh lp, b Hitler thn tnh (1939), hin

thucncLithuania.

Meuse: sng Meuse bt ngun t ng Bc nc Php, chy qua

Verdun v Sedan n B, chy gia B v H Lan ( y sng c tn l

Maas)quaNemurrirabinBcMaastricht.

Miklas: WilhelmMiklas (1872-1956), Tng thng o (1928-38) cho

nkhiHitlerspnhpovoc.

Milch:ErhardMilch (1892-1972),Thng chKhngqun (1940) ca

c,lmvicchohnghngkhngLufthansatrckhicGoeringmi

lmThtrngBHngkhngxydngliKhngqunc(1933),

PhTlnhkimTngThanh traKhngqun(1938-1945),Ch tchHi

ngQun tr caLufthansa (1943), bTo nNurembergx chung thn

(1947),rictrtdo(1954).

Mirabeau:HonorGabrielRiquetiMirabeau(1749-1791),chnhkhch

ngiPhptheotroluCchmng,cbulmChtchQuchiPhp

nm1791,vquaimtthigianngnsau.

Model:OttoMoritzWalterModel(1891-1945),Thngch(1944)ca

c,tlnhmtqunonnhBaLan,TlnhQunonXXXXIThit

giptinncchMoscow20km(1941),TlnhiQunonThChn

(1942),T lnhTp on qunBc (1943),T lnhTpon qunNam

(1944)nhLinX,TngT lnhMt trnphaTykimT lnhTp

onqunB(1944),ttvnghThngchkhnguhng.

Molotov:VyacheslavMikhalovichMolotov(1890-1986),cnhtayphi

caStalin,ChtchHingdnbiuNgatcThtng(1930-1941),B

trngNgoigiao(1939-1949,1953-1957),PhThtng(1941-1957).

Moltke:BtcHelmuthJamesGrafvonMoltke(1907-1945),cmu

NhmKreisau,sonchngtrnhchnginhngkhngmunmst

Hitler,bhnhquytngy23thng1nm1945tuykhngcandvom

mu m stHitler ngy 20 thng 7 nm1944.Vo ngy 20 thng 7 nm

2004,bMoltkecminkhu tngnim (niStauffenbergbhnh

quyt)dlknimtrn60nm.

Montgomery: Bernard Law Montgomery (1887-1976), Thng ch

(1944) caAnh, nh bi Rommel ElAlamein (1942), ch huy cc lc

lngAnhvCanadatrnchintrngchuu(1944-1945).

Mussolini:BenitoMussolini(1883-1945),Thtngvlnhtcti

caPhtxt(1922-1943),thngcgitheotinglDuce(cngha

lnht)nnnhiungisdngtnyctronglinivvnbn.

trnhnhmlnvichcdanhchnhthcLnhtcaHitler,bndchny

dngtDucechMussolini.

Mueller:HeinrichMller(1900-19??),itngS.S.(1939),Chhuy

trngMt v thucC quanRSHA (1939-1945), gi vai tr quan trng

trongvicthtiungiDoThi,chhuyvictruylngnhmmmum

stHitler(1944),mttchsaukhiHitlertst.

Mueller: HermannMller (1876-1931), B trngNgoi giao (1919-

1920) v hai ln lmTh tng (1920, 1928-1930) ca ch Cng ho

c,kktHocVersaillesvicngvBtrngNgoigiao.

Mueller: Tin s Josef Mller (1898-1979), tham gia nhm m mu

chngHitler,bbtavotritptrung(1944)nhngthotcht.

Mueller:LudwigMller(1883-1945),cquanhviphongtroQuc

xtnhngnm1920,mangttngbiDoThimnhm,cbulm

GimmcchlnhoGiohichmi(1933),nghQuc

xncng,ttkhicthuatrn.

Munich(tngctheotingclMnchen):thnhphlnthbaca

c,thphcaBangBavaria.

NaUy:lmtphnlnhthcaanMchtrong4thkvcaThu

inthm1thkna,rimicclptnm1905,lcyHongt

CarlcaanMchcbulnlVuaHaakonVII.TlckhiuTh

chinIchonkhiThchinIIbngn,NaUyvnchtrngngtrung

lp.

Namur: thnhph thphca tnhcng tnminNamncB, l

nihplucahaiconsngSambrevMeuse.

Narvik:cngbinphaTyBcNaUy,quanhnmkhngbngbng

vgndnghilumGulfStream,vthngvaitrquantrngtrong

tuynnghnghicungcpqungstcaThuinchoc.

Naujocks:AlfredNaujocks(1911-196?),chhuyiqungidnglm

qunBaLantncngitruynthanhGleiwitzcacclyctin

cngBaLan,khimochoThchinII,sauchintranhothotkhitri

giamtinhnchintranhvmttchhn.

Neurath:Nam tcKonstantinFreiherrvonNeurath (1873-1956),B

trngNgoigiaoc(1932-1938),BoqucBohemiavMoravia(1939-

1943),bTonNurembergtuyn15nmt,ctrtdosmvldo

sckho(1953).

Nghvin:c (tingc:Reichstag, cngha:Nghvinch)

c thnh lp t thiqucLaM thn thnh,hindinchonnm

1945.Hin nay,Ngh vinc c tn lBundestag, nhng to nhNgh

vinvncgilReichstag.

Nibelungenlied:bsthiccatcgivdanhxuthinuthk

XIII,trnhbyhuynthoivlchscxacavngqucBurgundy,da

theoyRichardWagnersonbnonnhckch.

Niemoeller:FriedrichGustavEmilMartinNiemller(1892-1984),Hm

trngtungmtrongThchinI,thphongMcs(1931),thnhlpmt

chinhnhTinlnh(1934),quaylichngHitlernnbaratoxtxti

chng Nh nc (1937), ri b a vo tri tp trung (1938-1945), c

qunMgiicu.

Nietzsche: FriedrichWilhelmNietzsche (1844-1900), trit gia v nh

thngic.

Nomura: Kichisaburo Nomura (1877-1964), c Hi qun Nht

Bn,BtrngNgoigiao(1939-1940),isNhttiM(1941-1942).

Normandy(tngctheotingPhplNormandie):vngbbinmin

TyBcncPhpnhnrabinManche,triditCherbourgphaTyn

LeHavrephang,niqunngminhbgiiphngchuunm

1944.

Nuremberg (tn gc ting c l Nrnberg): thnh ph min Trung

Nam cac, trongTh chin II l ni din rai hi thng nin ca

ngQuc x, nm1935 l niQuc x ban hnhLutNuremberg tc

otccquyncngdncangiDoThi,tronghainm(1945-1946)l

nitchcTonNuremberg,cxydnglihontonsauchintranh.

Obersalzberg:xemBerchtesgaden.

Oder: sng di 912 km min Bc Trung chu u, chy qua Tip

Khc,BaLan hin nay ri ra binBaltic. TrcTh chin II, sngOder

chyqualnhthc,sau1945onhlucquynhlngbin

giic-BaLan.BerlincchsngOderimgnnhtkhong60km.

Odessa:thnhphbnbbcTyBcbinen,vothiThchinII

thucLinX,hinnaythucncUkraine.

Olbricht: Friedrich Olbricht (1888-1944), i tng Lc qun c,

Cc trngTng hp-Thanh tra thucBT lnh Lc qun,Cc trng

ngvin thucBChhuyTicaoQun lc, thamgiavmstHitler

ngy20thng7nm1944,bFrommxthnh.

Ohlendorf: Otto Ohlendorf (1907-1951), Trung tng S.S. (1944),

TrngphngAmtIII(Tnhbonib)thucRSHA(1943-1945),chhuy

icnhimDUkrainevCrimea(1941),bTonNurembergxt

hnh.

OKW:xemQunic.

Oshima:HiroshiOshima(1886-1975),Namtc,Thngtngis

Nht tic(1938-1939,1941-1945),sauchin tranhbn tchung thn

doticchintranh(1948)ricnx(1955).

Oster:HansOster (1887-1945),i tc,ph t chnhchoc

CanarisCcQunbo,cvaitrtchcctrongccmmuchngHitler,

bMtvcxthtccngviCanaristtuntrckhiThchinIIkt

thc.

Ott:EugenOtt(1889-1977),Thiutngc,TyvinQunsc

tiNht(??-1938),isctiNht(1938-1942).

Papen: Franz vonPapen (1879-1969),Th tngCng hoc thay

thBruening(1932-1932),ngitinnhimcaSchleicher,PhThtng

trongNiccHitler(1933-1934),Cngsctio(1934-1938),is

ctiThNhK(1939-1944),cTonNurembergthabng.

Pas-de-Calais: tn theo ting Php (ngi Anh gi l Dover) ca eo

binnibinManchehpnht(khong35km)giaPhpvAnh,bnPhp

l th trnCalais vMiGris-Nez, bnAnh l hai th trn Folkestone v

Dover.

Patton: George Smith Patton, Jr. (1885-1945), i tng (1945) ca

M,TlnhiQunonThBatrnmttrnphaTy(1944),qua

nitingvchinthutnhtnglcbngxethitgip.

Paulus: FriedrichWilhelm Ernst Paulus (1890-1957), Thammu ph

Lc qun c (1940), T lnh i Qun on Th Su nh Stalingrad

(1942),bHngqunbaovy,uhngLinXvigisaukhicthng

Thngch(1943),ctrvngcnm1953.

Peenemnde:thtrnngBcc,bnbbinBaltic,nicc

csphttrintnlaV-1vV-2.

Ptain: Henri Philippe Benoni Omer Joseph Ptain (1856-1951), cm

uchVichydischimngcac(1940-1944),sauThchin

IIbktnthnhricCharlesdeGaullegimcntchungthn.

PhmcpHipsTeuton:Phmcpqun scangicTeuton

cthnhlpvocuithkXII,knlpcncvngqucPh,vi

qunphcvkhinnntrngvchthpen,xydngmtlotthnhtr

vngchc, tyh tinhnhnhngcuc tncngchngccchng tc

Slav.nthkXIVHipsTeutontr thnhmt lc lnghngmnh,

thngtrnguvTrungu.Trongnhiuthk,hthntnhccdntc

Slavvgipngicmrnglnhthvphangu.VthQucx

xemHip sTeuton l tmgng sng, s dng hnh tng cc thnh tr

ngiTeutonnhlbiuhincholchsquangvinhcangic.

PheTrc:khiucbancchyulc,vNht,saucthm

Hungary,Rumania,BulgariavNamT.

Phion:xemnvkhngqun.

PhongtroCicch:cucCchmngtngiotrongGiohiCc

TyuvothkXVI,chmdtquynnngtithngcaGiohong

vkhiuchocchithnhTinlnh.Phongtronythayitondinli

sngthiTrungcTyu,mumtknguynmitronglchshin

i,ktqulquynlcvtisncagiiqutcphongkinvGiohi

ThinChaLaMsuygim,cchuynquaccthnhphntrungluv

vngquyn.Nhiu lnh thginhcc lpvchnh tr, tngiov

vnho.Cnglc,vicxobthchcaitrphongkingipthognhng

tribucvthngmidogioiutruynthngtra,mngchovic

phttrinchnghatbnhini(Xemthm:Luther).

PhngtuynMaginot:gmcngs,giaothngho,lctbngb

tngctthpdy,cvtrangviholcmnh,doPhpxydcng

bingiivic.

Ph(tngclPreuen):trcThchinIlvngquclnnhtv

hngmnh nht trong ch c, v th trong nhiu trng hp Ph

ngnghavic,vkhininvinhquangngytrccac,ngi

chaynhcnPh.SauThchinI,Phvnlbanglnnhtncc

vothiHitler,ngthphBerlin(cnglthcac).

Picardie:tnhminBccaPhp.

Pohl: Oswald Pohl (1892-1951), i tng Waffen-S.S. (1942), Cc

trngKinhtvHnhchnhcaS.S.(WVHA),thamgiathtiungiDo

Thitrongcctritptrung,bTonNurembergxthnh.

Popitz: Johannes Popitz (1884-1945), B trng Ti chnh ca Bang

Ph(1933),thamgiammuchngHitler,bMtvcbtvxt.

Posen(tngclPozna):thnhphminTyBaLan,sauThchinI

ngithucvBaLan.

Potsdam: thnhphminngBcncc, cgi tr lch s lin

quannqukhanhhngcangic.QucxchnPotsdamc

hnhlkhaimcNghvinminm1934nhmthhinsonktgia

th h lnh o c v Quc x. Potsdam cng l ni t chc Hi ngh

Potsdam lch s 1945giaTh tngAnhChurchill,Th tngLinX

StalinvTngthngMTruman.

PripethocPripyat:vngmlypharngngpncrnggn300

km, thuc lu vc sngPripet rng 100.000km, minTrungTy ca

Lin X trong Th chin II, hin gi nm gia Belarus v pha Bc v

UkrainevphaNam.

Qunic: Sau Th chin I, phn ng s quan v binh s trong

Qunichccgiing.Nm1919,Cnghoc thnh lp

Qunimi,nnm1921QuninyctnchnhthclReichswehr

(Qun Phng v ch) c c s 100.000 theo hn ch ca Ho c

Versaillesbaogmlcqunvmtttuchin,ringxethitgip,ipho

vmybayb cm.VHocVersailles cm thnh lpBTngTham

mu,clpramtcquangilTruppendienst(CquanBinhs),ngi

ngulHansvonSeecktcgilChhuyBanLnhoQuni

(1920-1926).

Bt u t 1935, qun ic c tn chnh thc lWehrmacht (Lc

lng Phng v), gm c cc qun chng Lc qun, Hi qun vKhng

qundiquynBTngThammuvBChintranh.BlomberglTng

ThammutrngQunlckimBtrngBChintranh.SaukhiTng

thngHindenburgquaithng8nm1934,AdolfHitlergichcTlnh

TicaoQunlcchonphtcht.SaukhiBlombergtchcnm1938,

BChin tranh b gii tn, thay vo l BCh huy Ti caoQun lc

(OberkommandoderWehrmachthocOKW)doHitlerchotrctip.C

cutchcnhsau:

BChhuyTicaoQunlc(OKW)

TrnlthuytBTlnhLcqundischhuycaOKW.Trn

thct,OKWchhuytrctipchintrngphangvOKHphtrch

chyuchintrngphaTy.

TlnhTicaoQunlcAdolfHitler(1935-1945)ThuscKarlDoenitz(1945)TngThammutrngQunlc(chcdanhc)ThngchPaulvonHindenburg(1933-1934)AdolfHitler(1934-1935)Thng ch Werner Eduard Fritz von Blomberg (1935-1938)ThammutrngBChhuyTicaoThngchWilhelmKeitel(1938-1945)

ThammutrngHnhqun,BChhuyTicaoitngcpcaoAlfredJodl(1939-1945)

ThammuphHnhqun,BChhuyTicaoTrungtngWalterWarlimont(1939-1944)

BTlnhLcqun(OKH)

TlnhLcqun:itngcpcaoWernervonFritsch(1935-1938)ThngchWalthervonBrauchitsch(1938-1941)AdolfHitler(1941-1945)ThngchFerdinandSchoerner(1945)

ThammutrngLcqun:

itngLudwigBeck(1935-1938)itngcpcaoFranzHalder(1938-1942)itngcpcaoKurtZeitzler(1942-1944)itngcpcaoHeinzGuderian(1944-1945)itngHansKrebs(1945)

BTlnhKhngqun(OKL)

TlnhKhngqun:ThngchchHermannGoering(1935-1945)ThngchRobertRittervonGreim(1945)

PhTlnhkimTngThanhtra:ThngchErhardMilch(1938-1945)

ThammutrngKhngqun:itngWaltherWever(1935-1936)ThngchAlbertKesselring(1936-1937)itngHans-JrgenStumpff(1937-1939)itngcpcaoHansJeschonnek(1939-1943)itngGnterKorten(1943-1944)itngWernerKreipe(1944)itngKarlKoller(1944-1945)

BTlnhHiqun(OKM)

TlnhHiqun:ThuscErichRaeder(1928-1943)ThuscKarlDoenitz(1943-1945)ccpcaoHans-GeorgvonFriedeburg(1945)ccpcaoWalterWarzecha(1945)

ThammutrngHiqun:

cOttoGroos(1931-1934)cGntherGuse(1934-1938)cOttoSchniewind(1938-1941)cKurtFricke(1941-1943)cWilhelmMeisel(1943-1945)

Qunhm:tngdchthuttuchungcsdngnhsau*:

Trncptng:

LcquncThngchAnh (FieldMarshal)vPhp (Marchal),ccThngchch(Reichsmarschall,duynhtGoeringmangqunhmny)v Thng ch (Generalfeldmarschall), M c Thng tng (General of theArmy),LinXc3cpnguynsoimschnguynbnkhngghircpno: i Nguyn soi Lin bang X Vit ( ,duynhtStalinmangqunhmny),NguynsoiLinbangXvit(),vNguynsoibinhchng(aacaKhngqun,Phobinh,Thitgip,Thngtin,Kthut).HiqunccncAnh,c,LinX,MvPhpucThusc.

Cptng:

LcqunvKhngqunccncAnh,M*, LinX, Php u c 4 cptngngviitng,Thngtng,TrungtngvThiutngcaQuniVitNam.ccbacp tng,v thc thxemnhkhngcthng tng. Cn c thmi tng cp cao cac (Generaloberst) vLinX().Hiqun:ttrnxunglc(ngangviitng),Phc,Chun

c v c*. Cn c thm Ph Thu s c ca c(Generaladmiral)vLinX().

Cpt:ccncAnh,c,M,LinXvPhpc3cp,xemnhtngng

viit,TrungtvThiutcaQuniVitNam,khngccptngng

viThngt.

Cpu:ccncM,LinXvPhpc4cptngngviiu,Thng

u,TrunguvThiuucaQuniVitNam,ringAnhvcchc3cpnn

xemnhkhngccptngngviThngu.

Quntrb: loihnhqunichunluynxongrichovnh

lmcngvicbnhthng,khicncthcgilivoquni,ngy

thngcthlnhthmnhimvnhdnphng.Cnphnbitviqun

db,lquncihnhvtrangbhonchnhtrongtnhtrngdphng,

snsngtcchinngaykhitnhthihi.Ringc,quntrbc

tchcchtchhnthnhlclngDnqun.

QuncngWindsor:xemEdwardVIII.

Quisling: Vidkun Abraham Lauritz Jonssn Quisling (1887- 1945),

ngiNaUyhptcviclngonNaUy,ccclmTh

tngNaUy(1942-1945), sutchin tranhcng tcc lcviQucx,

sauchintranhbxthnh.Danhtchungquislingcdngtrongvi

ngnngchuu,kctingAnh,nhlngnghavikbnnc.

Raeder:ErichJohannAlbertRaeder(1876-1960),ngiutin(1939)

nhnqunhmThusccacQucx,TlnhHiqun(1928-

1943).BTonNurembergxchung thn (nhngbnngy tranhci),

ctrtdovldosckho(1955).

Ramsay: Sir Bertram Home Ramsay (1883-1945), c ca Anh

quc.KhicnlPhc,tchccucditnDunkirk.ngvaitr

quantrngtrongtrnNormandy,btnnkhiimybay.

Rastenburg: ngi lng thucngPh (bygi lKtrzyn thucBa

Lan,gnbingiiviNga),ctnghnhdinhchintrngcaHitlerc

gilHangSi(ttingc:Wolfsschanze).

Reichenau:WalthervonReichenau(1884-1942),Thngch(1940)ca

c, gp phn thuyt phcHitler dp b lc lng S.A. numun c

quningh.TlnhiQunonThMinhBaLan(1939),T

lnhiQunonThSunhLinX(1941),TlnhTponqun

NamthaythRundstedt.Khibxuthuytno,ngcalnmybay

vc,nhngchicmybaygpnntiLeipzigkhinchongchtvau

tim.

Reitsch: Hanna Reitsch (1912-1979), n phi cng li my bay th

nghim ni ting ca Khng qun c, mt trong hai ph n c c

thngHunchngCh thpsthngNht, sauchin tranhbqunM

giamtrong18thngrictrtdo.

Rennes:thnhphTyBcncPhp,nihplucahaiconsng

IllevVilaine,cchbbinNormandykhong160kmvhngTyNam.

Rhine:mttrongnhngsngchnhchuu,di1.320km,chyqua

ThuS,o,Php,c,HLanrirabinBc,ontrncnglbingii

ThuS-o,onklbingiiPhp-c.

Rhineland:vng lnh thcaB,PhpvcnmdcbTysng

Rhine.SauThchinI,HocVersaillesquynhngminhchimng

tm thi trong15nmkhuvcRhinelandnmtrongncc.Hipc

LocarnoquynhRhinelandlvngtrunglp,phiquns.

Richthofen:WolframFreiherrvonRichthofen(1895-1945),Thngch

Khngqunc(1943),TlnhiQunonS4Khngquntrnmt

trnLinX,vhuvldosckho(1944),quaitrongkhibqunM

tmgiam.

Ribbentrop:JoachimvonRibbentrop(1893-1946),itngS.S.,i

s c ti Anh (1936-1938), B trng Ngoi giao (1938-1945), lp k

hochvthihnhmrnglnhthc,dnnvicspnhpovTip

Khcvoncc,bTonNurembergxthnh.

Rommel: Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel (1891-1944), Thng ch

(1942)cac,T lnhSon7ThitgipnhPhp, tinphongn

Dunkirk(1940),TlnhBinhonChuPhi(1941-1943),quaniting

vibitdanhCoSamc,TlnhTponqunBNormandy(1943),

clincannvmsthtHitlernnbHitlerhst.nglngiduy

nhtcachQucxcmtVinbotngtngnimsnghipvc

nhn.

Rosenberg:AlfredRosenberg(1893-1946),ngvinQucxchc

thc lcngcn trong thikphi thai,khixngv thchinnhiu

chtrngcaQucx,thamgiaBolonNhhngBia,BtrngLnh

th phang, chng vic th tiu cc dn tcSlav nhng c hnh ng

mnhbiDoThi,bTonNurembergxthnh.

Rostov: hoc Rostov-na-Donu, thnh ph min Ty Nam nc Nga,

nmbncasngDonrabinAzov,cvtrchinlcquantrngvl

trung tmgiao thngnivibinAzov,knhVolga-DonnbinCaspi,

binBalticvccmduvngCaucasus.

Roehm:ErnstJuliusRhm(1887-1934),cuiutrongThchinI,

ThammutrnglclngS.A., thamgiaBolonNhhngBia,bst

hitrongvThanhtrngmmungy30thng6nm1934.

RSHA (ReichssicherheitshauptamtCquanTrungngAnninh

ch): thucS.S.,cthnhlpvonm1939bngcchspnhpccb

phn:S.D.,MtvvCnhstHnhs.Chcnngchnhthclchinu

chngcckthcach,ngiDoThivnhngthnhphnchng

tcbtho.RSHAcchiarathnhbyphng(mterhocAmt),trong

Amt IV l Mt v (Gestapo), di quyn Heinrich Mueller. Adolf

EichmannnguVnphngDicngiDoThicaAmtIV.

Ruhr:SngRuhr(mtnhnhcasngRhine)hocvngluvcsng

RuhrminTyncc.Vngnyko di t hai bn b sngRuhr v

hngnggiaWeselvDsseldort,cmtcngnghiphortcao.

Runciman: Walter Runciman (1870-1949), T tc Th Nht x

Doxford, c Th tng Anh c i thuyt phc Tip Khc giao

Sudetenlandchoc(1938).

Rundstedt:KarlRudolfGerd vonRundstedt (1875-1953), Thng ch

(1940)cac,TlnhTponqunNamnhBaLan(1939),Tlnh

TponqunAnhPhpquavngArdennes(1940),TlnhTpon

qunNamnhLinX(1941),khibLinXphncngxinphpHitler

chortluinhngbtchi,mtchcvRicheneauthayth.Ktip,ng

cgililmTngTlnhMttrnphaTy(1942),khuynHitlerm

phnhobnhvingminhnnbmtchcvKlugethayth(thng7

nm1944).SaukhiHitlerbmsthtngy20thng7nm1944,Kluget

t,ngcbnhimlmChnhnTonDanhd,cKeitelvGuderian

thamgia,tcquntchnhngsquanclincanrigiaohchoTon

Nhndnxtx.RundstedtctibnhimTngTlnhMttrnpha

Ty(thng9nm1944)rilimtchcvKesselringthayth(thng3nm

1945).SauThchinII,ngbquyltinhnchintranhnhngkhngra

tovldosckho,rictrtdo(1948).

S.A.(vitttttncSturmabteilung):iqunringcangQuc

x,vmcngphcmununncncgiloNu,phnbitvi

lclngS.S.loen.Tnm1930,HitlerlLnhtcaS.A.,trc

tipdiquynlThammutrngchhuyhngngy,Thammutrng

S.A.nitingnhtlRoehm.

Saar:bangminTyNamncc,ngyxathucqucLaM

thn thnhnhngchunhhngmnhcaPhp, theo thigian sang tay

nhiulngiaPhpvc.HocVersaillesquynhccmthanSaar

thucquynkhaithccaPhptrong15nmbithngchonhngthit

hiccmthancaPhptrongThchinI.

Sachsen: bang min ng nc c, th ph Dresden, trc Th

chinIlmtvngquccachc,saulbangnmtrongCng

hoc,hingiclnhthgntngngvivngqucngyxa.

Salmuth:HansEberhardKurtvonSalmuth(1888-1962),itngcp

cao(1943)cac,ThammutrngTponqunBnhPhp(1939-

1941),TlnhQunonXXXnhLinX(1941),saulmTlnh

iQunonThHai riThT (1942-1943),T lnhiQunon

Th Mi Lm trong trn Normandy, b cch chc khi ng minh gii

phngParis,nhnnt20nmnhngcgimcn12nm(1951).

Saint-L: th trn min TyBc nc Php, nm trn sngVire

vngNormandy,gnbbinManche.

Sauckel: Fritz Sauckel (1894-1946), X u Thringen (1927), B

trngcmnhTonquynCquanSdngLaong(1942-1945),khai

thclaongnlcclnhthbcchimng,bTonNuremberg

xthnh.

Schacht:HjalmarHoraceGreeleySchacht(1877-1970),TinsKinht

(1899),tuykhngphilngvinQucxnhngnghHitlernhittnh

vlpnhiuchngtrnhnhmgiiquytnnthtnghipvnnhtint

(1922-1923),ThngcNgnhngNhncc(1923-1930,1933-1939),

B trngKinh tc (1934-1937) kimcmnhTonquynKinh t

Chintranh(1935-1937),Qucvkhanh(1939-1943).ngbQucxkt

ndnhlunvmstHitlerngy20thng7nm1944,bavotri

tptrung,ricngminhgiithot.ngcTonNurembergtha

bng,nhngbTonBitrQucxcactuynn8nmkhsai,ri

ctrtdo(1948).

Schellenberg: Walther Friedrich Schellenberg (1910-1952), Thiu

tng S.S., PhGim cC quanRSHA (1939-1942), thay th Canaris

lmGimcCcQunbo(1944),sauThchinIIbn6nmtnhng

ctrtdosm(1951)vldosckho.

Scheubner-Richter:LudwigMaximilianErwinvonScheubner-Richter

hoc Max Scheubner-Richter (1884-1923): mt trong nhng ng vin

Qucxutin,trngnquaitrongvBolonNhhngBia.

Schirach:BaldurBenediktvonSchirach (1907-1974),Lnhoon

ThanhninHitler(1931),XukimThhinThnhphVienna,bara

xtrcTonNuremberg,ngit1946-1966.

Schlabrendorff:FabianvonSchlabrendorff (1907-1980), squandi

quynTresckow,thamgiavommumstHitler,baraTonNhn

dnxtxnhngmybayngminhnmbomtrngphinto,bavo

tritptrungricqunMgiicu.

Schlegelberger:LouisRudolphFranzSchlegelberger (1876-1970),B

trngTphpc (1941-1942),bTonNurembergx tchung thn

nhngctrtdonm1950vgiyu.

Schleicher: TngKurt vonSchleicher,B trngQuc phng trong

NicccaPapen (1932),Th tngCnghoc (1932-1933) tipni

PapentrckhiHitlerlnthayth,bsthicngvtrongvThanhtrng

mmu.

Schmidt: Tin s Paul Schmidt (1923-1945), thng dch vin ca B

Ngoigiaoc,thngdchchoHitlertrongnhiucuchimquantrng

vinhnvtcaocpncngoi.

Schmitt:KurtPaulSchmitt(1886-1950),ThiutngS.S.(1935),Tng

GimcCngtyBohimAllianz(1921-1933),BtrngKinht(1933-

1934),saulmtronghingquntrcamtscngtytnhn.

Schoerner: Ferdinand Schrner (1892-1973): Thng ch (1944) ca

c,TlnhSon6SnccnhLinX(1940),TlnhQunon

XXXXThitgip(1943),TlnhTponqunAriTponqunNam

UkraineLinX(1944),TlnhTponqunTipKhc(1945),c

HitlerctrongTuyncoChnhtrlmTlnhLcqun,sauThchinII

bLinXtuynn25nmkhsai,khictr tdo(1955) trvTy

cribtonTycxtxvtixtthuccpsaiphmtrongchin

tranh,bnt4nm6thng,ctrtdonm1963.

Schulenburg:FriedrichWernervonderSchulenburg(1875-1944),i

scLinX(1934-1941),bbucphitchckhicnhLinX,

thamgiavmstHitlerngy20thng7nm1944,cchnhlNgoi

trngnuthnhcng,bMtvxt.

Schuschnigg: Kurt Schuschnigg (1897-1977), Th tng o (1934-

1938),bcQucxcmtkhicspnhpo,cQuniMgii

cunm1945.

Schwarz:FranzXavierSchwarz(1875-1947):ThqucangQuc

x,itngcpcaoS.S..

S.D.(Sicherheitsdienst,cnghaCquanAnninh):cquantnhbo

caS.S.,cthnhlpnm1931diquynHeydrich,sau1939thucc

quanRSHA,tnm1944nmlunQunbo.

Sedan: th trnngNamncPhp, trongvngArdennes,bnb

sngMeuse,gnbingiiPhp-B.

Seeckt: Hans von Seeckt (1866-1936), i tng ca c, sau Th

chin I cnhimv t chc liQunic theohn ch caHoc

VersaillesvnguQuniminyvi chcv tngngTng

ThammutrngQunlc(1920-1926),bmtnhLinXtoiukin

chtovkhtrntLinX,ibiuNghvin(1930-1932).

Seisser:itHansvonSeisser,ChhuytrngcnhstbangBavaria,

lmttrongtamuchlnhoBavariakhivBolonNhhngBia

xyra.

Seyss-Inquart:ArthurSey-Inquart(1892-1946),Thtngo(1938),

itngS.S.,tiptciuhnhncosaukhiobspnhpvoc

(1938),Qucvkhanhcac(1939),PhTonquynBaLan,CaouH

Lan (1940), Ngoi trng c thay th Ribbentrop (1945), b To n

Nurembergxthnh.

Silesia:vngtnmdctrungluvthnglusngOdervdyni

Sudetes, khi xa thuc chc, sauTh chin I b ccncBaLan,

TipKhcvctranhchp,phnbnccchiathnhThngSilesia

vHSilesia.HingivngtnybaogmminTyNamBaLan,mt

phnCng ho Sc cng cc bangBrandenburg v Saxony minng

ncc.

Simon:JohnAllsebrookSimon(1873-1954),BtrngNgoigiaoAnh

(1931-1935), B trngNi v (1935-1937), B trng Ti chnh (1937-

1940).

Sir: trongschny l txnght trc tnngicHonggia

AnhphongtcvHips.

Six: Tin s Franz Alfred Six (1909-1975), Thiu tng S.S. (1945),

nguPhngVIIcaRSHA,bTonNurembergx20nmt(1948),

cgimncn15nm(1951).

Skagerrak:eobinnmgiabbinminNamcaNaUyvbbin

minNamcaanMch.

Slav:ccdntcphnbnguvTrungu,bnoBalkans,v

qua dy ni pha chu . Nhnh pha ng gm nhng dn tc Nga,

Belarus,Ukraine,nhnhminTygmnhngdntcBaLan,Sc,Slovak,

vnhnhphaNamgmnhngdntcSlovenia,Serb-Croatia,Macedonia,

vBulgaria.Hitlerxemccdn tcSlav lmchngsovidn tc

c.

Slovakia: t u th kX lmt phn caHungary, c nhp vo

Bohemia vMoravia thucTipKhc (1918), tuyn b ly khai khiTip

Khc(1939),hinnaylmtncclp.

Skorzeny:OttoSkorzeny(1908-1975),TrungtWaffen-S.S.,chinu

trn chin trngLinX (1941-1942), cHitler c lmch huy chin

dchgiicuMussolini(1943),chhuyccngibtccTngthngNam

TTitonhng thtbi (1944),chhuyiqungidngbinhsMxm

nhpvnghnhquncaMgyrilon(1944),sauchintranhbTo

nQunsDachauxtxnhtinhnchintranh,cthabngnhng

chacthngay,ritrnthotkhitrigiam(1948).

Smolensk: thnh ph vngTrungTyncNga, nmbn b sng

Dniepr(gnbingiiNgaBelarushinnay), lgiaoimcacctuyn

ngquantrngvcxemlthnhtrchechnMoscow,vthkhixm

lngNga,quniVuaCharlesXIIcaThuin,HongNapolonv

saunylcaHitleruiquathnhphny.

Spartakist (ting c: Spartakusbund): nhm c khuynh hng ch

ngha x hi do Rosa Luxemburg v Karl Liebknecht thnh lp vo nm

1916.TrongThchin I, nhmny l cnh t cangDnchXhi.

TncanhmldoLiebknechtlybthiuSpartacus(tncamtnl

cmuphongtronidychngtriunhLaM)vitbo.

Speer:AlbertSpeer(1905-1981),cxemlkintrcsutinca

cQuc x, thit k nhiu cng trnh kin trc c o nh Ph Th

tngmi (1939),B trngKh ti vV trang (1942), gp cng trong

vic chn chnh ngnh cngnghip sn xut cac, ngay sau khi chin

tranh chm dt c t do di chuyn, din thuyt, nhng b To n

Nurembergtruytvtuyn20nmtvvicsdnglaongnl,mn

hntnm1966.

Speidel:HansSpeidel(1897-1984),Trungtng(1945)cacQuc

x, Tham mu trng Tp on qun B di quyn Rommel v Kluge

(1944), lincanvovmstHitlerngy20 thng7nm1944nhngv

ToDanhdgmRundstedt,Guderian,vKeitelkhngtcquntchnn

khngbaraxtx,lngiduynhttrongnhmchmukhngbst

hihoctt,sauchintranhlmitngcaCnghoLinbangc

trongkhiNATO,TlnhlclngtrnbcaNATOchuu(1957-

1963).

Sperrle:HugoSperrle(1885-1953),Thngch(1940)caKhngqun

c,TlnhiQunonS3KhngqunngtrntPhpnh

phAnh,baraTonNurembergnhngcthabng.

Sponeck:HansGrafvonSponeck(1888-1944),Trungtng(1940)ca

c,TlnhQunon42nhLinX,baratonquns(1942)

vtralnhrtqun,bnthnhnhngHitlergimcn6nmt,bt

hnhsaummumstHitlerngy20thng7nm1944tuykhngcand.

Sportpalast:cungththaocmichevisccha10.000ngipha

TyBerlin,xynm1910choccmn trtbng,quynAnh,cng l

nidinratrinlm,mttinh,bphhunm1973.

S.S.(vitttttncSchutzstaffel,cnghaiphngv):tchc

qunscangQucx,mcngphcmuennncncgi l

oenphnbitvilclngS.A.loNu,khiulicn

v cho cp lnh o Quc x, ch khi c t di quyn ch huy ca

Himmler (1929-1945)mi lnmnh, ch thngqunhm tng tnh

trong Qun i c nhng vi tn gi khc, c ng phc v qun ph

ring.TrongThchinII,S.S.lnhnctrongmtnhnc,cccu

nhsau:

Thlnh:HeinrichHimmler(1929-1945).ThlnhS.S.vCnhst:chhuynhngnvS.S.khcnhautrnmtvngrng,tngtnhXucangQucx.TnghnhdinhS.S.: c chia ra thnh12 cquaniuhnhmihot ng ca S.S., nh C quan Trung ng An ninh ch(RSHA),CcKinh t vHnh chnh (WVHA)di quyn caCcKinhtvHnhchnh.Th lnh Danh d S.S.: phong cho cp lnh o chnh quyn, nhBormann,Henlein,Ribbentrop,Weizsaecker

Theo chiu ngang, S.S. c chia ra thnh tng b phn chuyn bit,

nh:

S.S.Tngqut(AllgemeineS.S.).S.S.Kbinh(Reiter-S.S.).u T thn (Totenkoptverbande, gi tt S.S.-TV), ban u gm

nhng n v cp trung on ph trch cc tri tp trung n nm1944gmc3son,cctritptrungcgiaolichoWVHA.icnhim(Einsatzgruppen),gm4iA,B,CvD.S.S.Vtrang(Waffen-S.S.):doHeinrichHimmlerlmTlnh.CnhstTrtt(Ordnungspolizei,gittOrpo):quytcnhstcccpTrungngvaphng,Cnhstngst,Cnhstngthu,bovticccquan

TonNurembergtuynLclngS.S.(ngoitrS.S.Kbinh)phm

ticchintranh.

Stahlhelm:LclngTdocslngthnhvinlnnht(500.000

ngi)vouthikQucx,lclngnytheochnghaqucgiav

chngchCngho,gianhpNiccHitlernm1933nhngbHitler

giitnnm1935.

Stalin: Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (1879-1953), Tng B th ng

CngsnLinX(1922-1953),kimnhimThtng(1941-1953).

Stalingrad: thnh ph min Ty Nam nc Nga, nm bn b sng

Volga,cnivisngDonquaKnhVolga-Don,v thcv trchin

lclntgiaothngngthuquantrng,hingictnlVolvograd.

Stauffenberg: Claus Philipp Maria Graf Schenk von Stauffenberg

(1907-1944)nhqu tc,i tThammu trngDnqun(1944),m

nhimvicmstHitlerngy20 thng7nm1944,bFrommra lnhx

bn.

Steiner:FelixMartinJuliusSteiner(1896-1966),itngWaffen-S.S.

(1943), c Hitler ra lnh phn cng qun Nga Berlin (1945) nhng

khngclclngthihnh,bbt lmtbinhchonnm1948mi

ctrtdo.

Stieff:HelmuthStieff(1901-1944),itngc,CctrngTchc

BT lnh Lc qun (1942), tham gia vo v m st htHitler ngy 20

thng7nm1944,bTonNhndnxthnh.

Strasser:GregorStrasser(1892-1934),cuTrungu,mttrongnhng

nhlnhoutincangQucx,thnhlplclngS.A.,thamd

cucBolonNhhngBia,thnhlpmnglicsQucxminBc

c,bsthitrongvThanhtrngmmu.

Strauss: Adolf Strauss (1879-1973), i tng cp cao ca c, T

lnhQunonIInhBaLan(1939-1940),TlnhiQunonTh

ChnnhLinX(1941)vphaTy(1942).

Streicher:JuliusStreicher(1885-1946):chbttbocaQucxDer

StrmerbiDoThi,thamgiavBolonNhhngBia,XuFranconia

trongbangBavaria,nguNuremberg(1933).BTonNurembergxt

hnhnhngbnngytranhcivlinquannsxmphmquyntdo

ngnlunvboch.

Stresemann:GustavStresemann(1878-1929),ChtchngNhndn

c,Thtngc(1923),BtrngNgoigiao(1923-1929),cchnh

schhogiivingminhvacgianhpHiQuclin.Donlc

ngoigiaokin tohobnh,ngcgiiNobelvHobnhnm1926

cngviBtrngNgoigiaoAristideBriandcaPhp.

Stroop:JrgenStroop(1895-1952),TrungtngS.S.,ThlnhS.S.v

CnhstvWarsaw,BaLan(1943),sauThchinIIbBaLanxthnh.

Stuelpnagel:Karl-HeinrichvonStlpnagel(1886-1944),itngLc

qunc (1939),ChhuybanQunqunPhp (1942), thamgiammu

mstHitlerngy20thng7nm1944,bMtvbtvTonNhndn

xthnh.

Sudetenland:vngtgmBohemiavMoraviavmtphnSilesia

xungquanhdyniSudeten,cphnlnngigcc(gilngic

Sudeten)cng,vo thigian1918-1938 thucvTipKhc,cHip

cMunichquynhgiaochoc,saunm1945ctrvTipKhc,

hinnaylminTy,mtphnminBcvmtphnminNamcaCng

hoSc.

Son:xemnvlcqun.

Sonkhngqun:xemnvkhngqun.

Taylor:MaxwellDavenportTaylor(1901-1987),itngcaM,l

vtngutincangminhblnNormandykhichhuySon

Khngvn101.SaunylTlnhqunMvLinhipquctrongChin

tranhTriuTin(1953),TngThammutrngLinqunM(1962-1964)

visMtiNamVitNam(1964-1965).

Tukhutrc:loitunh,cvntccao,thngcdngchng

trtuphngngli,tungm.

Tuthitgip:loituchinhngnngnht,clpthpdybov,

v c i bc rt to, v nng n nn tc chm hn cc loi tu khc.

NhngtuthitgipnitingktrongschnylBismarckcac(trng

lngncrhn50.000tn,ibcnng380mm),Tirpitzcac(hn

42.000 tn,ibc380mm),HoodcaAnh (gn50.000 tn,ibc380

mm),vPrinceofWalescaAnh(trn40.000tn,ibc370mm).

Tuthitgipbti:loituthitgipcacctrngtigimbt

nhmtunthhnch10.000tncaHocVersa