lcc, miersi sm 14/15 – t6 sensing technology miguel tavares coimbra
TRANSCRIPT
LCC, MIERSI
SM 14/15 – T6Sensing Technology
Miguel Tavares Coimbra
References
• Slides from Edward A. Lee & Sanjit Seshia, UC Berkeley, EECS 149 Fall 2013– Copyright © 2008-date, Edward A. Lee &
SanjitA. Seshia, All rights reserved
• Pedro Brandão, Sistemas Embutidos, DCC/FCUP– https://moodle.up.pt/course/view.php?id=3162
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Reality
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Quantifying RealityRain
Ball Speed
Stress
Fatigue
Heart Rate
Emotions
Muscle strength
Wind
Body posture
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Into a Digital World
I want to transform real variables into digital ones
Real-time, unobtrusively, in real situations, for long periods of time,
with very high accuracy
Cyber-Physical Systems
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
(More) Pieces of the Puzzle
• Input– Reality (cameras, microphones, sensors, mocap,
controllers,…)– Synthetic (computer graphics, sound synthesis,
…)
• Processing – Digital, Analogue– Transform data, generate new data
• Output– Video, audio, actuators
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Just a bit…
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Sensor Components
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
CCD (charge coupled device)Higher dynamic range High uniformityLower noise
CMOS (complementary metal Oxide semiconductor)
Lower voltageHigher speedLower system complexity
Light Sensors
• Convert light into an electric charge
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Environmental Sensors
– Temperature– Humidity
– Air quality
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Case Study: UrbanSense @ Porto
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Case Study: UrbanSense @ Porto
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Wearable Sensors
Erik Topol, 2009
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Case Study: Vital ResponderMonitoring Stress Among First Responder Professionals
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Electrocardiogram
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Electrocardiogram
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
RR Variability
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
EEG
https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=55&v=T7CiiWBwMgw
EMG
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Wearable EMG
Very FamousPerson
Smartphone Sensing
Samsung S4•Accelerometer•Gyroscope•Light•Magnetic Field•Atmospheric Pressure•Proximity•Temperature•Humidity•Sound Levels•GPS
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Some fundamental concepts
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Analog to Digital
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Sampling
Continuous signal:
Shah function (Impulse train):
xf
x
Sampled function:
n
s nxxxfxsxfxf 0
xs
x0x
n
nxxxs 0
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Aliasing
Picket fence recedinginto the distance willproduce aliasing…
Input signal:
x = 0:.05:5; imagesc(sin((2.^x).*x))
Matlab output:
WHY?
Sampling frequency must be greater than max2u
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Quantization
• G - number of levels• m – storage bits• Round each value to
its nearest level
mG 2
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Noise
• Noise is a distortion of the measured signal
• Every physical system has noise
• Various strategies:– Better sensors– Digital Filters– Restoration models
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Processing
• Signal Processing– Analysis,
interpretation, transformation of a signal
• Example– In order to measure
temperature I ‘process’ the length of a volume of mercury
I am processing a signal
So what do I do with all this?
You do cool stuff of course…
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Videogames that change with your heart signals
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Sounds controlled by gestures
EEG Generated Art
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Dating using GPS trajectories
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
Use CG to replay the coolest goal from your football match
Get Creative
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology
What will you quantify?Rain
Ball Speed
Stress
Fatigue
Heart Rate
Emotions
Muscle strength
Wind
Body posture
SM 14/15 – T5 – Sensing Technology