layer discovery in rina networksrina.tssg.org/docs/camad-slides.pdflayer discovery in rina networks...

Layer Discovery in RINA Networks E. Trouva, E. Grasa, J. Day. S. Bunch

International Workshop on Computer-Aided Modeling Analysis and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)

September 19th, 2012

Eleni Trouva PhD Researcher @ DANA

i2CAT Foundation

Outline

  Application discovery in networks

  Quick introduction to RINA

  The Inter-DIF Directory (IDD)

  An example of the IDD

  Implications

What’s a layer?   Although the term “layer” has been extensively used in

networking, the concept itself has not been clearly defined

  In its origin layers were adopted from its use in operating systems, but in operating systems, using layers is a choice, whereas using layers in networks is a necessity because of the distributed shared state of different scopes

  We can describe a layer as the collection of application processes that maintain shared state over a scope

Physical

Data Link

Network

Transport

Application

Host or End System

Router

Less Scope

More Scope

3

Application discovery in networks

host H2 router R2 router R3

host H1

Layer 1

web server application

B

web browser

application A

router R4

router R1

host H4

Layer 3 Layer 2 Layer 4

Layer 6

Layer 5

router R5

host H3


C

4

Instead...


host H1

IP


B

web browser

application A

router R4

router R1

host H4

IP

IP

router R5

host H3

public Internet private network


C

ctx.i2cat.net 84.88.32.6

DNS

myweb.com 192.168.1.1

hosts file

5

Directory Service   A database that maintains mappings between two

name spaces

  Mappings of application names to list of supporting layers

  A framework that involves individual sub-topics:   Information stored  Structure  Search mechanism  Replication / caching strategy  Strategy for the creation / choice of the supporting

layer 6

Outline





  Implications

Recursive InterNetwork Architecture (RINA)

  A network architecture proposed by John Day, professor of BU, in his book “Patterns in Network Architecture: A return to fundamentals”

  Fundamental principle: Networking is IPC (Inter Process Communication) and only IPC

  A structure of recursive layers that provide IPC services to the applications on top

  There’s a single type of layer that repeats as many times as required by the network designer

8

  All layers have the same functions, with different scope and range (separation of mechanism from policy)

  A layer is a distributed application that performs and manages IPC, a Distributed IPC Facility (DIF)

9

Recursive InterNetwork Architecture (RINA)

Outline





  Implications

The InterDIF Directory (IDD)

  A distributed application, Distributed Application Facility (DAF) as it’s called in RINA, which is a collection of two or more cooperating application processes in one or more processing systems, which exchange information using IPC and maintain shared state

  Responsible for two main distinct functions: a)  Discovery of the application b)  Creation of the supporting DIF

11

A) Discovery of the application   IDD-Request

  Destination IDD Name, Source IDD Name, Requested Application Process Name, Access Control Information, Quality of Service, Termination Condition

  Forwarding of the request between the peer IDDs until the destination application is found or the pre-defined termination condition is met


host H1


B

web browser

application A

router R4

router R1

host H4

Layer 6

router R5

host H3

...

Layer 1

Layer 3 Layer 2 Layer 4 Layer 5

IDD DAF


C

12

A) Discovery of the application

  Confirmation that the requested application is executing in the destination system and authorization check that the requesting application has the rights to access it


host H1


B

web browser

application A

router R4

router R1

host H4

Layer 6

router R5

host H3

...

Layer 1


IDD DAF


C

13

B) Creation of the supporting DIF

  A DIF supporting the communication between the two user applications has to be found

  This either involves creating a new DIF from scratch or expanding (joining) an existing one so that it spans from the source to the destination system


host H1


B

web browser

application A

router R4

router R1

host H4

Layer 6

router R5

host H3

...

Layer 1


IDD DAF


C

14

IDD Information

  Naming / synonyms   Neighbor Table   Search Table   Directory

Search Table Application Process Name

List of Peer IDDs Application Process Names Naming Information

IDD Application Process Name

synomyms (optional) Neighbor Table Peer IDD Application Process Name

List of Peers IDDs Application Process Names

Directory Application Process { Name, Access Control Information }

List of supporting DIFs { Name, Access Control Information, supported QoS }

15

Outline





  Implications

IDD 1

IDD 4 IDD 6 IDD 17

IDD 8

IDD 9

IDD 10

IDD 11

IDD 12

IDD 15

IDD 16

source

.com

default IDD to ask

.edu

.org

destination

.cnn

.microsoft

IDD 23 IDD 22 IDD 21

IDD 5

IDD 14

IDD 7

IDD 13

.google

IDD 2

root

IDD 3

example.google.com


IDD 24

An example

web browser

IDD 1

IDD 4 IDD 6 IDD 17

IDD 8

IDD 9

IDD 10

IDD 11

IDD 12

IDD 15

IDD 16

source

.com

default IDD to ask

.edu

.org

destination

.cnn

.microsoft


IDD 5

IDD 14

IDD 7

IDD 13

.google

IDD 2

root

IDD 3

example.google.com


IDD 24

Destination Neighbor Table

Search Table Directory

- IDD2 - IDD2 ...

* - IDD2 -

web browser

IDD 1

IDD 4 IDD 6 IDD 17

IDD 8

IDD 9

IDD 10

IDD 11

IDD 12

IDD 15

IDD 16

source

.com

default IDD to ask

.edu

.org

destination

.cnn

.microsoft


IDD 5

IDD 14

IDD 7

IDD 13

.google

IDD 2

root

IDD 3

example.google.com


IDD 24



IDD2 IDD4 - IDD3 ...

* - IDD4 -

web browser

IDD 1

IDD 4 IDD 6 IDD 17

IDD 8

IDD 9

IDD 10

IDD 11

IDD 12

IDD 15

IDD 16

source

.com

default IDD to ask

.edu

.org

destination

.cnn

.microsoft


IDD 5

IDD 14

IDD 7

IDD 13

.google

IDD 2

root

IDD 3

example.google.com


IDD 24




- -

web browser

IDD 1

IDD 4 IDD 6 IDD 17

IDD 8

IDD 9

IDD 10

IDD 11

IDD 12

IDD 15

IDD 16

source

.com

default IDD to ask

.edu

.org

destination

.cnn

.microsoft


IDD 5

IDD 14

IDD 7

IDD 13

.google

IDD 2

root

IDD 3

example.google.com


IDD 24



IDD4 IDD8 - IDD5 IDD6 - IDD6 IDD9 - IDD7

...

.com - IDD8 .edu - IDD6 .org - IDD9

-

web browser

IDD 1

IDD 4 IDD 6 IDD 17

IDD 8

IDD 9

IDD 10

IDD 11

IDD 12

IDD 15

IDD 16

source

.com

default IDD to ask

.edu

.org

destination

.cnn

.microsoft


IDD 5

IDD 14

IDD 7

IDD 13

.google

IDD 2

root

IDD 3

example.google.com


IDD 24




- -

web browser

IDD 1

IDD 4 IDD 6 IDD 17

IDD 8

IDD 9

IDD 10

IDD 11

IDD 12

IDD 15

IDD 16

source

.com

default IDD to ask

.edu

.org

destination

.cnn

.microsoft


IDD 5

IDD 14

IDD 7

IDD 13

.google

IDD 2

root

IDD 3

example.google.com


IDD 24



IDD8 IDD10 - IDD10 IDD13 - IDD11 IDD14 - IDD12

...

.cnn - IDD10 .google - IDD13

.microsoft - IDD14

-

web browser

IDD 1

IDD 4 IDD 6 IDD 17

IDD 8

IDD 9

IDD 10

IDD 11

IDD 12

IDD 15

IDD 16

source

.com

default IDD to ask

.edu

.org

destination

.cnn

.microsoft


IDD 5

IDD 14

IDD 7

IDD 13

.google

IDD 2

root

IDD 3

example.google.com


IDD 24



IDD13 IDD13 - IDD13 ...

- -

web browser

IDD 1

IDD 4 IDD 6 IDD 17

IDD 8

IDD 9

IDD 10

IDD 11

IDD 12

IDD 15

IDD 16

source

.com

default IDD to ask

.edu

.org

destination

.cnn

.microsoft


IDD 5

IDD 14

IDD 7

IDD 13

.google

IDD 2

root

IDD 3

example.google.com


IDD 24



IDD13 IDD17 - IDD15 ...

example - IDD17

-

web browser

IDD 1

IDD 4 IDD 6 IDD 17

IDD 8

IDD 9

IDD 10

IDD 11

IDD 12

IDD 15

IDD 16

source

.com

default IDD to ask

.edu

.org

destination

.cnn

.microsoft


IDD 5

IDD 14

IDD 7

IDD 13

.google

IDD 2

root

IDD 3

example.google.com


IDD 24



IDD17 IDD17 - IDD16 ...

- -

web browser

IDD 1

IDD 4 IDD 6 IDD 17

IDD 8

IDD 9

IDD 10

IDD 11

IDD 12

IDD 15

IDD 16

source

.com

default IDD to ask

.edu

.org

destination

.cnn

.microsoft


IDD 5

IDD 14

IDD 7

IDD 13

.google

IDD 2

root

IDD 3

example.google.com


IDD 24



IDD17 IDD17 - IDD17 ...

- -

web browser

IDD 1

IDD 4 IDD 6 IDD 17

IDD 8

IDD 9

IDD 10

IDD 11

IDD 12

IDD 15

IDD 16

source

.com

default IDD to ask

.edu

.org

destination

.cnn

.microsoft


IDD 5

IDD 14

IDD 7

IDD 13

.google

IDD 2

root

IDD 3

example.google.com


IDD 24



IDD17 ... example.google.com - IDD17

example.google.com - list of

supporting DIFs

web browser

Outline





  Implications

Implications   A real application discovery mechanism is missing from

the Internet today, not just pointers to where to search next as it happens today with DNS

  Applications do not have to be on the same layer to discover each other, especially not on the same one layer as it happens now with IP

  Elimination of the need for layers with large address spaces

  No need for a single application namespace, the largest namespace is defined by the maximum number of applications that need to be discoverable

  Greater security by having multiple application namespaces and by better compartmentalization without impairing reachability

30

  What? Main goal   To advance the state of the art of RINA towards an architecture reference model and

specifications that are closer to enable implementations deployable in production scenarios. The design and implementation of a RINA prototype on top of Ethernet will enable the experimentation and evaluation of RINA in comparison to TCP/IP.

  Who? 4 partners

  How? Requested 870.000 € funding to the EC to perform 5 activities   WP1: Project management   WP2: Architecture, Use cases and Requirements   WP3: Software Design and Implementation   WP4: Deployment into OFELIA testbed, Experimentation and Validation   WP5: Dissemination, Standardisation and Exploitation

Project at a glance

Nextworks Interoute

i2CAT

IBBT

Thank you

Contact me: [email protected]

More information about RINA at:

•  pouzinsociety.org

•  rina.tssg.org

•  csr.bu.edu/rina

More information about IRATI at: •  irati.eu

layer discovery in rina networksrina.tssg.org/docs/camad-slides.pdflayer discovery in rina networks...

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