lawrence haddad slides for food foundation event feb 10 2016
TRANSCRIPT
How does the UK compare with other high income countries on key nutrition
indicators?
Lawrence HaddadInternational Food Policy Research Institute
10 February 2016
Outline
• Nutrition Status• Drivers• Policy and Legislation• Missing Data• Conclusions
GreeceSp
ain USA Italy UK
Belgium
German
yFra
nce
Netherlands
Australi
a
Canad
a
New Zeala
nd
Denmark
Norway
Irelan
d
Sweden
10
8 87 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5
5
Low Birth Weight (%)
Source: UNICEF 2015
Greece Italy
France
Netherlands
Spain
Belgium
Denmark
German
y
Sweden
Australi
a
Norway
Irelan
d
Canad
a
New Zeala
nd UKUSA
20 19 19 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 17 17 1715 15
12
Anaemia in women of reproductive age (%)
Source: WHO 2015Note: all data estimated for 2011
Off course On course
USA
Canad
a
Australi
a
New Zeala
nd UKSp
ainFra
nce
Greece
Irelan
dIta
ly
Norway
Belgium
Netherlands
Sweden
Denmark
German
y
67 64 64 64 63 61 61 61 60 59 59 57 56 56 55 55
Adult overweight and obesity (%)BMI ≥ 25
Source: WHO 2015Note: all data estimated for 2014
High and increasing Low and increasing
USA
New Zeala
nd
Australi
a UK
Canad
a
Irelan
dFra
nceSp
ain
Norway
Greece Italy
Sweden
Belgium
German
y
Netherlands
Denmark
3429 29 28 28
26 24 24 23 23 21 21 20 20 20 19
Adult obesity (%)BMI ≥ 30
Source: WHO 2015Note: all data estimated for 2014.
Off course On course
English Data (not in GNR)Overweight children 54-66 months All: 22.6% (2013-14)(Greater than or equal to the 85th BMI centile in reception class) Source: National Child Measurement Programme. England 2014-2015 school year http://www.hscic.gov.uk/catalogue/PUB16070/nati-chil-meas-prog-eng-2013-2014-rep.pdf p.17
Obese Adolescents 13-15 yearsBoys = 17% Girls = 22% (2013)(Greater than the 95th UK National BMI centile) Source: Health Survey for England 2013. http://www.hscic.gov.uk/catalogue/PUB16076/HSE2013-Ch11-Child-BMI.pdf p.18
Norway
Irelan
d
German
yIta
ly
Sweden UK
Spain
Netherlands
GreeceFra
nce
Belgium
Denmark
New Zeala
nd
Australi
aUSA
Canad
a
41 41 40 38 38 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 33 32 30 30
Raised blood pressure (%)
Source: WHO 2014.Note: all data estimated for 2008
Off course On course
German
y
Denmark UK
Irelan
d
Belgium
Italy
France
Norway
Netherlands
New Zeala
ndSp
ain
Australi
aUSA
Canad
a
Sweden
Greece
66 65 63 63 62 62 62 62 6156 56 55 54 53 52
48
Raised blood cholesterol (%)
Source: WHO 2014.Note: all data estimated for 2008
Off course On course
USA
New Zeala
ndSp
ain
Canad
a
Norway
Greece
Australi
a
German
y
Belgium
Denmark Italy
Irelan
d
Sweden UK
France
Netherlands
1110 10 10 9 9
8 8 8 7 7 7 7 76
5
Raised blood glucose (%)
Source: WHO 2014.Note: all data estimated for 2008
Off course On course
German
y
Belgium
Australi
aSp
ain
New Zeala
ndUSA
Sweden
France
Norway UK
Denmark
Irelan
d
Canad
a
Netherlands
Italy
Greece
478 515 521 557 566 576 578 586 588 602 605 621 666 673782
967
Availability of fruit and vegetables (grams per day)
Source: FAO 2014Note: Data are for 2011.
Source: Euromonitor 2014, (US $ fixed exchange rates)
Norway
Australia
New ZealandIta
lyFrance
Canada UKSpain
BelgiumGreece
Sweden
Denmark
Germany
Netherlands
Ireland
USA
740 722 720650 618
538 532 526 526 509 503 495444 424 414
332
Consumer expenditure on fruits & vegetables(US$/cap/year)
New Zealand
Greece
Denmark
BelgiumSp
ain
Ireland
Netherlands
Norway
USA
Canada
Sweden
Australia Ita
ly
Germany
France UK
391 381
334 318 306 296275
254 247 242 236 226 218 200 196 181
Fresh food purchased (kg per Cap)
Source: Euromonitor 2014
Belgium
Irelan
dIta
ly
Australi
a
DenmarkFra
nce
German
y
Netherlands UK
Canad
a
New Zeala
nd
Norway
Spain
Sweden
Greece USA
Availability and stage of implementation of guidelines, protocols, and standards for the
management of hypertension
Not available
Available, not implemented
Available, partially implemented
Available, fully implemented
Source: WHO 2014
Not available
Available, not implemented
Available, partially implemented
Available, fully implemented
Source: WHO 2014
Australi
a
DenmarkFra
nce
German
y
Irelan
dIta
ly UK
Belgium
Canad
a
Netherlands
New Zeala
nd
Norway
Spain
Sweden
Greece USA
Availability and stage of implementation of guide-lines, protocols, and standards for the management
of diabetes
No action Few provisions law Many provisions lawVoluntary Law
Source: UNICEF 2014
Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breast milk Substitutes
Breast feeding in England• % of babies breastfed at birth 81% in 2010• % of infants 0–5 months old, exclusively breastfed 1% in 2010
Infant Feeding Survey – UK 2010, http://www.hscic.gov.uk/catalogue/PUB08694
New Zeala
nd
Australi
a
Irelan
d
Denmark
Canad
aUSA
Netherlands
France
Norway
Spain
Greece
German
y
Belgium
Sweden UK
Italy
8572 8513
4155
1691 16671147 1072 1050 939 754 742 707 700 699 691 507
Total Emissions (CO2eq) from Agriculture/cap (kg)
Source: FAO 2011
Summary of UK performance relative to comparators
• Outcomes– Poor: Overweight, obesity, raised blood cholesterol– Middling: LBW, raised blood pressure– Good: anemia, raised blood sugar
• Determinants– Poor: exclusive breastfeeding, fresh food purchases– Middling: availability of fruits and vegetables; purchase of fruits and
vegetables
• Policy and Legislation– Middling: BMS Code, Hypertension and Diabetes Protocol
Implementation– Good: CO2 emissions from agriculture
USA
Germany
Netherlands
Norway
France
Spain UK
Denmark
Sweden
BelgiumIre
land
Australia
Greece Italy
Canada
New Zealand
1419
25 25 26 26 26 27 27 30 30 30 33 34 34 36
% Missing Indicators in GNR Nutrition Country Profiles
Conclusions• UK food system nutritionally weak compared to
other high income countries– e.g. fresh food purchases, obesity and overweight rates
• Even when good or middling compared to other countries, still poor in terms of absolute levels
• Significant scope to improve implementation of protocols and code application
• Plenty of missing UK data when reporting on global goals– SDG reporting will require every country to provide U5
stunting, wasting and overweight
Thank You